EP1008373A1 - Skibinding - Google Patents

Skibinding Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1008373A1
EP1008373A1 EP99811120A EP99811120A EP1008373A1 EP 1008373 A1 EP1008373 A1 EP 1008373A1 EP 99811120 A EP99811120 A EP 99811120A EP 99811120 A EP99811120 A EP 99811120A EP 1008373 A1 EP1008373 A1 EP 1008373A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
stop
heel piece
slide
heel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99811120A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1008373B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Marc Rés. Général de Gaulle Bat.1 Hillairet
Frédéric Farges
Christophe Vaglio
Alexandre Bossus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Look Fixations SA
Original Assignee
Look Fixations SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Look Fixations SA filed Critical Look Fixations SA
Publication of EP1008373A1 publication Critical patent/EP1008373A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1008373B1 publication Critical patent/EP1008373B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/0805—Adjustment of the toe or heel holders; Indicators therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/005—Ski bindings with means for adjusting the position of a shoe holder or of the complete binding relative to the ski
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/007—Systems preventing accumulation of forces on the binding when the ski is bending
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/084—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with heel hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/0841—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with heel hold-downs, e.g. swingable with a single jaw
    • A63C9/0842—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with heel hold-downs, e.g. swingable with a single jaw the jaw pivoting on the body or base about a transverse axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/084—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with heel hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/0846—Details of the release or step-in mechanism
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/084—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with heel hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/0848—Structure or making
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/085—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/08507—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable with a plurality of mobile jaws
    • A63C9/08521—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable with a plurality of mobile jaws pivoting about a vertical axis, e.g. side release
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/085—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/08557—Details of the release mechanism
    • A63C9/08571—Details of the release mechanism using axis and lever
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/085—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/08592—Structure or making
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/084—Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with heel hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/0847—Details of the manual release

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ski binding intended for the triggerable fixing of a shoe on a ski, comprising a front fixing means, called stop and a rear attachment means, said heel piece, this stop and this heel piece being held resiliently in a determined position corresponding to the position of the boot attached to the ski, and in which the stop front is resiliently held by a spring arranged at least approximately longitudinally in the direction from the heel.
  • the longitudinally mounted spring is a coil spring opposing the pivoting of the stop jaw.
  • the heel piece includes a fastening body in which is mounted substantially vertically a spring opposing the tilting of a heel grip jaw acting on the comes out through a piston.
  • the stop and the heel piece are connected by a bar serving as support at the heel, but they could be fitted independently of each other on the ski. It is therefore at level of the stopper that this fixation differs from previous ski bindings in which the spring release is mounted in the body of the stop.
  • this fixation includes, like the anterior fixings, a steel coil spring for each of the front and rear fixing elements. In besides, in the heel, the spring always occupies a large volume in the body of the heel.
  • the present invention aims to achieve a ski binding with a simpler toe and heel stop, reduced volume and allowing more material to be used non-metallic composite.
  • the ski binding according to the invention is characterized in that the spring arranged at least approximately longitudinally consists of at least minus a blade working in buckling and ensuring also the elastic restraint of the stop.
  • This blade is placed flat under the shoe, in a space freed by the elevation of the shoe which characterizes the current trend favoring the taking of square. It is preferably made of composite material such than plastic reinforced with glass fibers or carbon or Kevlar (registered trademark), but it could also be made of metal.
  • the toe piece and the heel piece no longer have a spring.
  • the application of the efforts of the jaws of the stop and the heel piece on said blade can be done simply by levers or cams.
  • the simplest construction is to make work the blade in buckling between two moving parts in translation longitudinally and respectively kinematically connected to the toe and the heel.
  • the stop and the heel piece are mounted on a longitudinal support in slide shape in which two are mounted slides associated respectively with the stop and the heel so as to be trained respectively in direction of each other when the stop, respectively the heel piece is moved relative to its rest position, said blade being mounted between these two slides.
  • the stop and the heel can be carried out in a known manner and it it is even possible to take the elements of existing toe and heel.
  • the piston found in many heel pieces is advantageously kept as an element intermediate between the jaw and the lever, to the application of the force of the jaw on the lever, this piston advantageously being guided in one direction favorable to the transmission of forces from the jaw to its slide.
  • Adjustment of the hardness of the fixation can be carried out simply by means of a piece surrounding the blade and mounted like a nut on a longitudinal adjustment screw mounted and retained axially in one of the slides.
  • the drawing represents, for example, a mode of execution of the binding according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical axial sectional view of the fixation, heel piece in engaged position.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the binding, without the heel body and the articulated elements on this body and, at the front, the arms of the front stop one of which is shown in section.
  • Figure 3 is a side view showing a detail of the back of the binding.
  • Figure 4 is a detail view of the front part of fixing, compressed blade.
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view similar to Figure 1 representing the heel in the open position.
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view similar to Figure 1 showing the heel in the adjustment position in shoe size.
  • the fixing shown essentially includes a support longitudinal 1 in the form of a slide in which is mounted a first slide 2 associated with a stop 3, constituting a front fixing element, and a second slide 4 associated with a heel piece 5, constituting a rear fixing element, and a blade 6 arranged horizontally in the support 1 between the slides 2 and 4.
  • the longitudinal support 1 is fixed to the ski at the front at by means of an intermediate fixing piece 7 on which the support 1 is articulated around an axis transverse 8 and, at the rear, by means of a part intermediate 9, fixed to the ski by screws like the part 7 and in which the support 1 is retained vertically by a transverse axis 10 but can slide longitudinally in two opposite grooves or notches 11 as shown in FIG. 3.
  • This assembly of the fixation on the ski has the effect of unclamping it in the fixing area. Ski can flex freely in this area.
  • the stop 3 is a stop analogous to the stop described in EP 0 295 372. However, it differs therefrom by a shortened stop body 12 no longer containing a spring neither tubular nut against which the spring.
  • the tie rod 13 is retained, one of which end is connected to the arms 14 and 15 of the stop, by via a vertical axis 16.
  • the other end of the tie rod 13 is here connected to a lever of the second kind 17 whose lower end is articulated on the support 1 around a transverse axis 18.
  • the arms 14 and 15 rest on vertical ribs of the body fixing 12, ribs on which they can tilt by exerting traction on the tie rod 13.
  • the lever 17 bears at an intermediate point against a spout 19 of the slide 2 ( Figure 4) which is hidden, at the Figure 1, by an axial adjustment screw 20 used for adjustment of the hardness of the fixing on release, as will be described later.
  • This screw 20 is worn by the slide 2 which it crosses by a non-part threaded. It is retained axially in the slide 2 by a flange 21. Its threaded part is engaged in a piece 22 freely traversed by the blade 6. By means of screw 20, it is thus possible to move the part 22 along the blade 6.
  • Heel piece 5 also incorporates the elements of a known type heel except its spring.
  • a jaw or sole grip 23 come in one piece with a voluntary opening lever articulated on a body 25 around a transverse axis 26.
  • On the beak 28 of piston 29 is articulated about an axis transverse 31, the upper end of a lever 32 consisting of a U-shaped piece passing over the spout 28 and extending substantially vertically from each side of the piston 29. This lever 32 constitutes the element of retention of the sole grip jaw 23.
  • the arm 34 has a transverse intermediate axis 33 on which is articulated one end of a first arm 34 of which the other end is held in a first notch 35, consisting of two opposite teeth, of the support 1.
  • the arm 34 being rigid, the axis 33 constitutes a fixed articulation of the lever 32 relative to the support 1.
  • the end lower lever 32 has a transverse axis 36 around which is hinged one end of a second arm 37, the other end of which is fixed in a notch 38, consisting of two opposite teeth, second slide 4.
  • the rotation of the lever 32 around axis 33 therefore has the effect of displacing the slide 4 in support 1. This movement is visible in Figure 5 where the heel piece 5 is shown in the open position.
  • the teeth of the notches 35 and 38 are exactly superimposed so that seen from above, we see only one of these notches.
  • the ends of arms 34 and 37 opposite their joints on lever 32 are connected by an axis transverse 39 secured to arm 34 and passing through a horizontal longitudinal light 40 of arm 37.
  • the parts of these arms adjacent to this joint 39 have teeth on each side corresponding to teeth of teeth 35 and 38 and engaged in these teeth.
  • the end 41 of the upper arm 34 is bent twice and it can be reached with a tool, for example a screwdriver, through a hole 42 in the body mounting 25.
  • the fixing also comprises a stop screw 43 carried by a vertical rear wall 44 of the support 1.
  • This stop screw is used when adjusting the length fixation, i.e. adaptation of the attachment to the shoe size. This setting is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the heel piece 5 being open, and, consequently, the blade 6 being deformed in buckling, screw 43 is screwed until it comes to a stop against the slide 4.
  • a tool 45 we raise the arm 34 by its bent end 41 so to disengage the teeth of this arm from the teeth 35 of the support 1.
  • the arms 34 and 37 being connected by the articulation 39, the teeth of arm 37 are also released from the teeth 38 of slide 4. Compression of blade 6 is held by the stop screw 43.
  • Figure 1 shows the binding without shoe.
  • the arms 14 and 15 of the front stop 3 will be slightly pushed aside by the thrust of the sole of the shoe.
  • the pulling 13 will therefore be under tension so that the lever 17 is strongly pressed against the end of the slide 2.
  • Slide 4 being rigidly retained, the blade 6 is subjected to a certain axial compression, however, this compression is not sufficient for flame this blade.
  • the setting of the hardness of the fixing is done by the modification of the length of the blade part 6 likely to burn. This adjustment is made by the displacement of the part 22 (FIG. 4) by means of the screw 20. We see in this figure that the length of the blade 6 liable to burn is between the part mobile 22 and slide 4. The more we shorten this length, the harder the attachment. The length of the part of the blade located between part 22 and the slide 2 is of course always substantially less than the length of the part between the part 22 and the slide 4.
  • the screw 20 could of course be mounted in the slide 4, but for reasons of convenience and instead it was mounted in slide 2.
  • the blade 6 is preferably made of composite material, by example made of plastic filled with glass fibers or carbon.

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Abstract

Ski attachment comprises a stop (3) and a heel part (5), the elastic means preventing the release of these parts comprises at least a blade (6) working in buckling between two translating parts (2,4) respectively connected to the stop and the heel part.

Description

La présente invention concerne une fixation de ski destinée à la fixation déclenchable d'une chaussure sur un ski, comprenant un moyen de fixation avant, dit butée et un moyen de fixation arrière, dit talonnière, cette butée et cette talonnière étant maintenues élastiquement dans une position déterminée correspondant à la position de la chaussure fixée au ski, et dans laquelle la butée avant est maintenue élastiquement par un ressort disposé au moins approximativement longitudinalement en direction de la talonnière.The present invention relates to a ski binding intended for the triggerable fixing of a shoe on a ski, comprising a front fixing means, called stop and a rear attachment means, said heel piece, this stop and this heel piece being held resiliently in a determined position corresponding to the position of the boot attached to the ski, and in which the stop front is resiliently held by a spring arranged at least approximately longitudinally in the direction from the heel.

Une telle fixation est connue du brevet US 5,735,541. Le ressort monté longitudinalement est un ressort hélicoïdal s'opposant au pivotement de la mâchoire de la butée. La talonnière comprend un corps de fixation dans lequel est monté sensiblement verticalement un ressort s'opposant au basculement d'une mâchoire agrippe-talon agissant sur le ressort par l'intermédiaire d'un piston. La butée et la talonnière sont reliées par une barre servant de support à la talonnière, mais elles pourraient être montées indépendamment l'une de l'autre sur le ski. C'est donc au niveau de la butée que cette fixation diffère des fixations de ski antérieures dans lesquelles le ressort de déclenchement est monté dans le corps de la butée. Pour le reste, cette fixation comporte, comme les fixations antérieures, un ressort hélicoïdal en acier pour chacun des éléments de fixation avant et arrière. En outre, dans la talonnière, le ressort occupe toujours un volume important dans le corps de la talonnière.Such an attachment is known from US Patent 5,735,541. The longitudinally mounted spring is a coil spring opposing the pivoting of the stop jaw. The heel piece includes a fastening body in which is mounted substantially vertically a spring opposing the tilting of a heel grip jaw acting on the comes out through a piston. The stop and the heel piece are connected by a bar serving as support at the heel, but they could be fitted independently of each other on the ski. It is therefore at level of the stopper that this fixation differs from previous ski bindings in which the spring release is mounted in the body of the stop. For the rest, this fixation includes, like the anterior fixings, a steel coil spring for each of the front and rear fixing elements. In besides, in the heel, the spring always occupies a large volume in the body of the heel.

Dans le document EP-A-0 750 522 il a, par ailleurs, été proposé de remplacer, dans une butée, le ressort hélicoïdal par une lame travaillant en flambage. Une telle solution a pour avantage que lors du flambage la résistance opposée par la lame chute brusquement, facilitant l'échappement de la chaussure, la lame flambée se comportant comme un ressort de raideur relativement faible, mais fortement précontraint.In document EP-A-0 750 522, moreover, it was proposed to replace, in a stop, the spring helical by a blade working in buckling. A such a solution has the advantage that during the buckling the resistance opposed by the blade suddenly drops, facilitating the escape of the shoe, the buckled blade behaving like a relatively stiff spring weak, but strongly prestressed.

La présente invention vise à réaliser une fixation de ski à butée et talonnière plus simple, de volume réduit et permettant d'utiliser davantage d'éléments en matériau composite non métallique.The present invention aims to achieve a ski binding with a simpler toe and heel stop, reduced volume and allowing more material to be used non-metallic composite.

A cet effet, la fixation de ski selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce que le ressort disposé au moins approximativement longitudinalement est constitué d'au moins une lame travaillant en flambage et assurant également la retenue élastique de la butée.To this end, the ski binding according to the invention is characterized in that the spring arranged at least approximately longitudinally consists of at least minus a blade working in buckling and ensuring also the elastic restraint of the stop.

Cette lame est disposée à plat sous la chaussure, dans un espace libéré par la surélévation de la chaussure qui caractérise la tendance actuelle favorisant la prise de carre. Elle est de préférence en matériau composite tel que matière plastique armée de fibres de verre ou de carbone ou de Kevlar (marque déposée), mais elle pourrait être également en métal.This blade is placed flat under the shoe, in a space freed by the elevation of the shoe which characterizes the current trend favoring the taking of square. It is preferably made of composite material such than plastic reinforced with glass fibers or carbon or Kevlar (registered trademark), but it could also be made of metal.

La butée et la talonnière ne comportent plus de ressort. L'application des efforts des mâchoires de la butée et de la talonnière sur ladite lame peut se faire simplement par des leviers ou des cames.The toe piece and the heel piece no longer have a spring. The application of the efforts of the jaws of the stop and the heel piece on said blade can be done simply by levers or cams.

La construction la plus simple consiste à faire travailler la lame en flambage entre deux pièces mobiles en translation longitudinalement et respectivement reliées cinématiquement à la butée et à la talonnière. The simplest construction is to make work the blade in buckling between two moving parts in translation longitudinally and respectively kinematically connected to the toe and the heel.

Les liaisons cinématiques peuvent être réalisées au moyen de leviers.Kinematic connections can be made using levers.

Selon un mode d'exécution de l'invention, la butée et la talonnière sont montées sur un support longitudinal en forme de coulisse dans laquelle sont montés deux coulisseaux associés respectivement à la butée et à la talonnière de manière à être entraínés respectivement en direction l'un de l'autre lorsque la butée, respectivement la talonnière est déplacée relativement à sa position de repos, ladite lame étant montée entre ces deux coulisseaux.According to one embodiment of the invention, the stop and the heel piece are mounted on a longitudinal support in slide shape in which two are mounted slides associated respectively with the stop and the heel so as to be trained respectively in direction of each other when the stop, respectively the heel piece is moved relative to its rest position, said blade being mounted between these two slides.

A l'exception des leviers établissant la liaison cinématique entre, d'une part, la butée et la talonnière et, d'autre part, les coulisseaux, la butée et la talonnière peuvent être réalisées de manière connue et il est même possible de reprendre tels quels les éléments de butée et talonnière existants. En ce qui concerne la talonnière, le piston que l'on trouve dans de nombreuses talonnières, est avantageusement conservé comme élément intermédiaire entre la mâchoire et le levier, pour l'application de la force de la mâchoire sur le levier, ce piston étant avantageusement guidé dans une direction favorable à la transmission des efforts de la mâchoire à son coulisseau.With the exception of the levers establishing the connection kinematics between, on the one hand, the stop and the heel piece and, on the other hand, the slides, the stop and the heel can be carried out in a known manner and it it is even possible to take the elements of existing toe and heel. Regarding the heel piece, the piston found in many heel pieces, is advantageously kept as an element intermediate between the jaw and the lever, to the application of the force of the jaw on the lever, this piston advantageously being guided in one direction favorable to the transmission of forces from the jaw to its slide.

Le réglage de la dureté de la fixation peut être réalisé simplement au moyen d'une pièce entourant la lame et monté comme un écrou sur une vis de réglage longitudinal montée et retenue axialement dans l'un des coulisseaux.Adjustment of the hardness of the fixation can be carried out simply by means of a piece surrounding the blade and mounted like a nut on a longitudinal adjustment screw mounted and retained axially in one of the slides.

On se rend compte que pour régler la longueur de la fixation, c'est-à-dire son ajustement à la pointure de la chaussure, il est nécessaire de pouvoir déplacer la talonnière relativement à son coulisseau, ce qui signifie qu'il doit être possible de déplacer le point de liaison de la talonnière à son coulisseau. Pour effectuer un réglage de longueur, la talonnière se trouvera généralement dans une position telle que la lame a dépassé son point de flambage et il est nécessaire de maintenir cet état de la lame pendant le réglage. Ceci peut se faire simplement au moyen d'une vis de butée auxiliaire vissée longitudinalement dans ledit support longitudinal.We realize that to adjust the length of the binding, i.e. its adjustment to the size of the shoe it is necessary to be able to move the heel piece relative to its slider, which means that it must be possible to move the connection point from the heel to its slider. To make a length adjustment, the heel will be usually in a position such that the blade has past its buckling point and it is necessary to maintain this condition of the blade during adjustment. This can be done simply by means of a stop screw auxiliary screwed longitudinally in said support longitudinal.

Le dessin représente, à titre d'exemple, un mode d'exécution de la fixation selon l'invention.The drawing represents, for example, a mode of execution of the binding according to the invention.

La figure 1 est une vue en coupe axiale verticale de la fixation, talonnière en position enclenchée.Figure 1 is a vertical axial sectional view of the fixation, heel piece in engaged position.

La figure 2 est une vue en plan de dessus de la fixation, sans le corps de la talonnière et les éléments articulés sur ce corps et, à l'avant, les bras de la butée avant dont l'un est représenté en coupe.FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the binding, without the heel body and the articulated elements on this body and, at the front, the arms of the front stop one of which is shown in section.

La figure 3 est une vue latérale montrant un détail de l'arrière de la fixation.Figure 3 is a side view showing a detail of the back of the binding.

La figure 4 est une vue de détail de la partie avant de la fixation, lame comprimée.Figure 4 is a detail view of the front part of fixing, compressed blade.

La figure 5 est une vue en coupe analogue à la figure 1 représentant la talonnière en position ouverte. Figure 5 is a sectional view similar to Figure 1 representing the heel in the open position.

La figure 6 est une vue en coupe analogue à la figure 1 montrant la talonnière en position de réglage en pointure.Figure 6 is a sectional view similar to Figure 1 showing the heel in the adjustment position in shoe size.

On se réfère tout d'abord aux figures 1 et 2. La fixation représentée comprend essentiellement un support longitudinal 1 en forme de coulisse dans laquelle est monté un premier coulisseau 2 associé à une butée 3, constituant un élément de fixation avant, et un second coulisseau 4 associé à une talonnière 5, constituant un élément de fixation arrière, et une lame 6 disposée horizontalement dans le support 1 entre les coulisseaux 2 et 4.We first refer to Figures 1 and 2. The fixing shown essentially includes a support longitudinal 1 in the form of a slide in which is mounted a first slide 2 associated with a stop 3, constituting a front fixing element, and a second slide 4 associated with a heel piece 5, constituting a rear fixing element, and a blade 6 arranged horizontally in the support 1 between the slides 2 and 4.

Le support longitudinal 1 est fixé au ski à l'avant au moyen d'une pièce de fixation intermédiaire 7 sur laquelle le support 1 est articulé autour d'un axe transversal 8 et, à l'arrière, au moyen d'une pièce intermédiaire 9, fixée au ski par des vis comme la pièce 7 et dans laquelle le support 1 est retenu verticalement par un axe transversal 10 mais peut coulisser longitudinalement dans deux rainures ou encoches opposées 11 comme représenté à la figure 3. Ce montage de la fixation sur le ski a pour effet de débrider celui-ci dans la zone de la fixation. Le ski peut donc fléchir librement dans cette zone.The longitudinal support 1 is fixed to the ski at the front at by means of an intermediate fixing piece 7 on which the support 1 is articulated around an axis transverse 8 and, at the rear, by means of a part intermediate 9, fixed to the ski by screws like the part 7 and in which the support 1 is retained vertically by a transverse axis 10 but can slide longitudinally in two opposite grooves or notches 11 as shown in FIG. 3. This assembly of the fixation on the ski has the effect of unclamping it in the fixing area. Ski can flex freely in this area.

La butée 3 est une butée analogue à la butée décrite dans le brevet EP 0 295 372. Elle en diffère cependant par un corps de butée 12 raccourci ne contenant plus de ressort ni d'écrou tubulaire contre lequel vient s'appuyer le ressort. Est conservé, par contre, le tirant 13 dont une extrémité est reliée aux bras 14 et 15 de la butée, par l'intermédiaire d'un axe vertical 16. L'autre extrémité du tirant 13 est ici reliée à un levier du deuxième genre 17 dont l'extrémité inférieure est articulée sur le support 1 autour d'un axe transversal 18. Comme représenté à la figure 2 du brevet EP 0 295 372, les bras 14 et 15 s'appuient sur des nervures verticales du corps de fixation 12, nervures sur lesquelles elles peuvent basculer en exerçant une traction sur le tirant 13. Le levier 17 s'appuie en un point intermédiaire contre un bec 19 du coulisseau 2 (figure 4) qui est caché, à la figure 1, par une vis axiale de réglage 20 servant au réglage de la dureté de la fixation au déclenchement, comme ceci sera décrit plus loin. Cette vis 20 est portée par le coulisseau 2 qu'elle traverse par une partie non filetée. Elle est retenue axialement dans le coulisseau 2 par une collerette 21. Sa partie filetée est engagée dans une pièce 22 traversée librement par la lame 6. Au moyen de la vis 20, il est ainsi possible de déplacer la pièce 22 le long de la lame 6.The stop 3 is a stop analogous to the stop described in EP 0 295 372. However, it differs therefrom by a shortened stop body 12 no longer containing a spring neither tubular nut against which the spring. On the other hand, the tie rod 13 is retained, one of which end is connected to the arms 14 and 15 of the stop, by via a vertical axis 16. The other end of the tie rod 13 is here connected to a lever of the second kind 17 whose lower end is articulated on the support 1 around a transverse axis 18. As represented in FIG. 2 of patent EP 0 295 372, the arms 14 and 15 rest on vertical ribs of the body fixing 12, ribs on which they can tilt by exerting traction on the tie rod 13. The lever 17 bears at an intermediate point against a spout 19 of the slide 2 (Figure 4) which is hidden, at the Figure 1, by an axial adjustment screw 20 used for adjustment of the hardness of the fixing on release, as will be described later. This screw 20 is worn by the slide 2 which it crosses by a non-part threaded. It is retained axially in the slide 2 by a flange 21. Its threaded part is engaged in a piece 22 freely traversed by the blade 6. By means of screw 20, it is thus possible to move the part 22 along the blade 6.

La talonnière 5 reprend également les éléments d'une talonnière de type connu sauf son ressort. On reconnaít une mâchoire ou agrippe-semelle 23 venu d'une pièce avec un levier d'ouverture volontaire et articulé sur un corps de fixation 25 autour d'un axe transversal 26. On reconnaít également la rampe intérieure 27 de la mâchoire 23 sur laquelle s'appuie le bec 28 d'un piston 29 coulissant dans un logement cylindrique axial 30 dans lequel il n'y a plus le ressort que l'on trouve habituellement dans les talonnières de ce type. Sur le bec 28 du piston 29 est articulée, autour d'un axe transversal 31, l'extrémité supérieure d'un levier 32 constitué d'une pièce en forme de U passant par dessus le bec 28 et s'étendant sensiblement verticalement de chaque côté du piston 29. Ce levier 32 constitue l'élément de retenue de la mâchoire agrippe-semelle 23. Il présente un axe intermédiaire transversal 33 sur lequel est articulé une extrémité d'un premier bras 34 dont l'autre extrémité est maintenue dans un premier crantage 35, constitué de deux dentures opposées, du support 1. Le bras 34 étant rigide, l'axe 33 constitue une articulation fixe du levier 32 relativement au support 1. L'extrémité inférieure du levier 32 présente un axe transversal 36 autour duquel est articulée une extrémité d'un second bras 37, dont l'autre extrémité est fixée dans un crantage 38, constitué de deux dentures opposées, du second coulisseau 4. La rotation du levier 32 autour de l'axe 33 a par conséquent pour effet de déplacer le coulisseau 4 dans le support 1. Ce déplacement est visible à la figure 5 où la talonnière 5 est représentée en position ouverte. Dans cette position la mâchoire 23 a repoussé le piston 29 qui a entraíné le levier 32, lequel a forcé le coulisseau 4 à se déplacer vers l'avant. Le coulisseau 2 est retenu par le levier 17, lui-même retenu par le tirant 13 retenu rigidement par les bras 14 et 15 de la butée avant 3. La compression axiale de la lame 6 est telle que celle-ci flambe comme ceci est visible à la figure 5.Heel piece 5 also incorporates the elements of a known type heel except its spring. We recognize a jaw or sole grip 23 come in one piece with a voluntary opening lever articulated on a body 25 around a transverse axis 26. On also recognizes the inner ramp 27 of the jaw 23 on which the spout 28 of a piston 29 rests sliding in an axial cylindrical housing 30 in which there is no longer the spring that we find usually in heels of this type. On the beak 28 of piston 29 is articulated about an axis transverse 31, the upper end of a lever 32 consisting of a U-shaped piece passing over the spout 28 and extending substantially vertically from each side of the piston 29. This lever 32 constitutes the element of retention of the sole grip jaw 23. It has a transverse intermediate axis 33 on which is articulated one end of a first arm 34 of which the other end is held in a first notch 35, consisting of two opposite teeth, of the support 1. The arm 34 being rigid, the axis 33 constitutes a fixed articulation of the lever 32 relative to the support 1. The end lower lever 32 has a transverse axis 36 around which is hinged one end of a second arm 37, the other end of which is fixed in a notch 38, consisting of two opposite teeth, second slide 4. The rotation of the lever 32 around axis 33 therefore has the effect of displacing the slide 4 in support 1. This movement is visible in Figure 5 where the heel piece 5 is shown in the open position. In this position the jaw 23 has pushed the piston 29 which has driven the lever 32, which forced the slide 4 to move forward. The slide 2 is retained by lever 17, which is itself retained by the tie rod 13 rigidly retained by the arms 14 and 15 of the front stop 3. The axial compression of the blade 6 is such that it soars like this is visible at the figure 5.

Comme on peut le voir à la figure 2, les dentures des crantages 35 et 38 sont exactement superposées de sorte, que vu de dessus, on voit un seul de ces crantages. Les extrémités des bras 34 et 37 opposées à leurs articulations sur le levier 32 sont reliées par un axe transversal 39 solidaire du bras 34 et traversant une lumière longitudinale horizontale 40 du bras 37. Les parties de ces bras voisines de cette articulation 39 présentent, de chaque côté, des dents correspondant aux dents des dentures 35 et 38 et engagées dans ces dentures. L'extrémité 41 du bras supérieur 34 est coudée deux fois et elle peut être atteinte au moyen d'un outil, par exemple un tournevis, à travers un trou 42 du corps de fixation 25.As can be seen in Figure 2, the teeth of the notches 35 and 38 are exactly superimposed so that seen from above, we see only one of these notches. The ends of arms 34 and 37 opposite their joints on lever 32 are connected by an axis transverse 39 secured to arm 34 and passing through a horizontal longitudinal light 40 of arm 37. The parts of these arms adjacent to this joint 39 have teeth on each side corresponding to teeth of teeth 35 and 38 and engaged in these teeth. The end 41 of the upper arm 34 is bent twice and it can be reached with a tool, for example a screwdriver, through a hole 42 in the body mounting 25.

La fixation comporte en outre une vis de butée 43 portée par une paroi arrière verticale 44 du support 1. Cette vis de butée est utilisée lors du réglage de la longueur de la fixation, c'est-à-dire de l'adaptation de la fixation à la pointure de la chaussure. Ce réglage est représenté à la figure 6. La talonnière 5 étant ouverte, et, par conséquent, la lame 6 étant déformée en flambage, la vis 43 est vissée jusqu'à ce qu'elle arrive en butée contre le coulisseau 4. Au moyen d'un outil 45, on soulève le bras 34 par son extrémité coudée 41 de manière à dégager les dents de ce bras des dentures 35 du support 1. Les bras 34 et 37 étant reliés par l'articulation 39, les dents du bras 37 sont également dégagées des dentures 38 du coulisseau 4. La compression de la lame 6 est maintenue par la vis de butée 43. On peut alors déplacer la talonnière 5 le long du support 1. Le réengagement des dents des bras 34 et 37 dans les dentures respectives 35 et 38 est assuré par un ressort 46. Ce réengagement effectué, on peut alors dévisser la vis 43 pour la ramener dans la position représentée à la figure 5, c'est-à-dire dans une position dans laquelle la lame 6 peut reprendre une position droite non flambée, comme représenté à la figure 1.The fixing also comprises a stop screw 43 carried by a vertical rear wall 44 of the support 1. This stop screw is used when adjusting the length fixation, i.e. adaptation of the attachment to the shoe size. This setting is shown in FIG. 6. The heel piece 5 being open, and, consequently, the blade 6 being deformed in buckling, screw 43 is screwed until it comes to a stop against the slide 4. By means of a tool 45, we raise the arm 34 by its bent end 41 so to disengage the teeth of this arm from the teeth 35 of the support 1. The arms 34 and 37 being connected by the articulation 39, the teeth of arm 37 are also released from the teeth 38 of slide 4. Compression of blade 6 is held by the stop screw 43. We can then move the heel piece 5 along the support 1. The re-engagement of the teeth of the arms 34 and 37 in the respective teeth 35 and 38 is provided by a spring 46. This re-engagement done, you can then unscrew the screw 43 to return to the position shown in FIG. 5, that is to say in a position in which the blade 6 can return to an unflamed upright position, such as shown in figure 1.

La figure 1 représente la fixation sans chaussure. Dans le cas où une chaussure est fixée dans la fixation, les bras 14 et 15 de la butée avant 3 seront légèrement écartés par la poussée de la semelle de la chaussure. Le tirant 13 sera donc sous traction de telle sorte que le levier 17 est fortement appuyé contre l'extrémité du coulisseau 2. Le coulisseau 4 étant retenu rigidement, la lame 6 est soumise à une certaine compression axiale, cette compression n'étant toutefois pas suffisante pour faire flamber cette lame.Figure 1 shows the binding without shoe. In if a shoe is attached in the binding, the arms 14 and 15 of the front stop 3 will be slightly pushed aside by the thrust of the sole of the shoe. The pulling 13 will therefore be under tension so that the lever 17 is strongly pressed against the end of the slide 2. Slide 4 being rigidly retained, the blade 6 is subjected to a certain axial compression, however, this compression is not sufficient for flame this blade.

Lorsqu'une forte sollicitation est exercée, soit en torsion sur l'un des bras 14 ou 15 de la butée 3, soit en élévation sur la mâchoire 23 de la talonnière 5, la compression axiale de la lame 6 augmente jusqu'au moment où cette compression est suffisante (force d'Euler) pour faire flamber la lame, ce flambage permettant le rapprochement des coulisseaux 2 et 4 et par conséquent l'écartement du bras 14 ou 15 sollicité ou le relèvement de la mâchoire 23, permettant à la chaussure de s'échapper de la fixation. Lors du flambage la résistance opposée par la lame chute brusquement, favorisant l'échappement de la chaussure.When a strong demand is exerted, either in twist on one of the arms 14 or 15 of the stop 3, either in elevation on the jaw 23 of the heel piece 5, the axial compression of the blade 6 increases until the moment where this compression is sufficient (Euler force) to flaming the blade, this buckling allowing the bringing slides 2 and 4 together and consequently the spacing of the requested arm 14 or 15 or the raising jaw 23, allowing the shoe to escape from the binding. When buckling the resistance opposite by the blade suddenly drops, favoring the shoe exhaust.

Le réglage de la dureté de la fixation se fait par la modification de la longueur de la partie de la lame 6 susceptible de flamber. Ce réglage se fait par le déplacement de la pièce 22 (figure 4) au moyen de la vis 20. On voit dans cette figure que la longueur de la lame 6 susceptible de flamber est comprise entre la pièce mobile 22 et le coulisseau 4. Plus on raccourci cette longueur, plus la fixation est dure. La longueur de la partie de la lame située entre la pièce 22 et le coulisseau 2 est bien entendu toujours sensiblement inférieure à la longueur de la partie comprise entre la pièce 22 et le coulisseau 4. The setting of the hardness of the fixing is done by the modification of the length of the blade part 6 likely to burn. This adjustment is made by the displacement of the part 22 (FIG. 4) by means of the screw 20. We see in this figure that the length of the blade 6 liable to burn is between the part mobile 22 and slide 4. The more we shorten this length, the harder the attachment. The length of the part of the blade located between part 22 and the slide 2 is of course always substantially less than the length of the part between the part 22 and the slide 4.

La vis 20 pourrait bien entendu être montée dans le coulisseau 4, mais pour des raisons de commodité et de place elle a été montée dans le coulisseau 2.The screw 20 could of course be mounted in the slide 4, but for reasons of convenience and instead it was mounted in slide 2.

La lame 6 est de préférence en matériau composite, par exemple en matière plastique chargée de fibres de verre ou de carbone.The blade 6 is preferably made of composite material, by example made of plastic filled with glass fibers or carbon.

Au lieu d'une lame unique il serait possible d'utiliser plusieurs lames, en particulier des lames empilées ou disposées côte à côte.Instead of a single blade it would be possible to use several blades, in particular stacked blades or arranged side by side.

Claims (9)

Fixation de ski destinée à la fixation déclenchable d'une chaussure sur un ski, comprenant un moyen de fixation avant, dit butée (3), et un moyen de fixation arrière, dit talonnière (5), cette butée et cette talonnière étant maintenues élastiquement dans une position déterminée correspondant à la position de la chaussure fixée au ski, et dans laquelle la butée avant est maintenue élastiquement par un ressort disposé au moins approximativement longitudinalement en direction de la talonnière, caractérisée en ce que ledit ressort est constitué d'au moins une lame (6) travaillant en flambage et assurant également la retenue élastique de la talonnière (5).Ski binding intended for triggerable binding a boot on a ski, comprising a means of front fixing, said stop (3), and a fixing means rear, said heel piece (5), this stop and this heel piece being resiliently held in a determined position corresponding to the position of the shoe fixed to the ski, and in which the front stop is held resiliently by a spring arranged at the less approximately longitudinally towards the heel piece, characterized in that said spring is consisting of at least one blade (6) working in buckling and also ensuring the elastic retention of the heel piece (5). Fixation de ski selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite lame (6) travaille en flambage entre deux pièces (2, 4) mobiles en translation longitudinale et respectivement reliées cinématiquement à la butée (3) et à la talonnière (5).Ski binding according to claim 1, characterized in that said blade (6) works in buckling between two parts (2, 4) movable in longitudinal translation and respectively kinematically connected to the stop (3) and at the heel piece (5). Fixation de ski selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la butée (3) et la talonnière (5) sont montées sur un support longitudinal (1) en forme de coulisse, et en ce que les deux pièces mobiles en translation sont constituées de deux coulisseaux (2, 4) montés dans le support longitudinal (1) et associés respectivement à la butée et à la talonnière de manière à être entraínés respectivement en direction l'un de l'autre lorsque la butée, respectivement la talonnière est déplacée relativement à sa position de repos, ladite lame (6) étant montée entre ces coulisseaux. Ski binding according to claim 2, characterized in that the stopper (3) and the heel piece (5) are mounted on a longitudinal support (1) in the form of a slide, and in that the two moving parts in translation are consisting of two slides (2, 4) mounted in the longitudinal support (1) and associated respectively with the toe and heel so as to be trained respectively towards each other when the stop, respectively the heel piece is moved relative to its rest position, said blade (6) being mounted between these slides. Fixation de ski selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle la talonnière (5) comprend un corps (25) fixé sur le support longitudinal et une mâchoire agrippe-semelle (23) articulée sur ledit corps autour d'un axe transversal (26) et présentant une rampe (27) coopérant avec un élément de retenue, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de retenue est essentiellement constitué d'un levier (32) articulé en un point intermédiaire (33) sur ledit corps (25) autour d'un axe transversal et dont l'extrémité inférieure (36) est reliée au coulisseau (4) associé à la talonnière pour solliciter la lame (6).Ski binding according to claim 3, in which the heel piece (5) comprises a body (25) fixed on the longitudinal support and a grip grip (23) articulated on said body about an axis transverse (26) and having a ramp (27) cooperating with a retaining element, characterized in that the retaining element essentially consists of a lever (32) articulated at an intermediate point (33) on said body (25) about a transverse axis and of which the lower end (36) is connected to the slide (4) associated with the heel to urge the blade (6). Fixation de ski selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle la butée (3) comprend une mâchoire formée de deux bras (14,15) pivotants retenus par un tirant commun (13), caractérisée en ce que le tirant (13) est relié à un levier (17) articulé sur ledit support longitudinal (1) et s'appuyant contre l'extrémité (19) du coulisseau (2) opposée à la lame (6) de telle manière qu'une traction exercée sur le tirant par lesdits bras (14,15) a pour effet de comprimer axialement ladite lame (6).Ski binding according to claim 3, in which the stop (3) comprises a jaw formed of two pivoting arms (14,15) retained by a common tie rod (13), characterized in that the tie rod (13) is connected to a lever (17) articulated on said longitudinal support (1) and pressing against the end (19) of the slide (2) opposite the blade (6) so that a traction exerted on the tie rod by said arms (14,15) a the effect of axially compressing said blade (6). Fixation de ski selon l'une des revendications 3, 4 ou 5, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un moyen de réglage de la dureté au déclenchement constitué d'une pièce (22) entourant ladite lame et montée comme un écrou, sur une vis de réglage longitudinal (20) montée et retenue axialement dans l'une desdites pièces mobiles (2, 4).Ski binding according to one of claims 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that it comprises a means of setting the trigger hardness consisting of a piece (22) surrounding said blade and mounted as a nut, on a longitudinal adjustment screw (20) mounted and axially retained in one of said moving parts (2, 4). Fixation de ski selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle la position du corps de la talonnière (25) est réglable sur son support, caractérisée en ce que ledit support longitudinal (1) présente un crantage (35) dans lequel viennent s'engager les dents d'un premier bras (34) articulé autour de l'axe (33) d'articulation du levier (32) de la talonnière, et en ce que le coulisseau (4) associé à la talonnière présente également un crantage (38) situé en dessous du crantage du support longitudinal et dans lequel viennent s'engager des dents d'un second bras (37) assurant la liaison entre ledit levier (32) et le coulisseau (4), ces deux bras étant solidaires l'un de l'autre de telle sorte que le dégagement du premier bras de son crantage, par le soulèvement de ce bras, a également pour effet de dégager le second bras de son crantage.Ski binding according to claim 4, in which the position of the body of the heel piece (25) is adjustable on its support, characterized in that said longitudinal support (1) has a notch (35) in which engage the teeth of a first arm (34) articulated around the axis (33) of articulation of the lever (32) of the heel piece, and in that the slide (4) associated with the heel piece also has a notch (38) located below the notch of the support longitudinal and in which teeth engage a second arm (37) ensuring the connection between said lever (32) and the slide (4), these two arms being united to each other so that the release of the first arm from its notching, by the lifting this arm, also has the effect of releasing the second arm of its notch. Fixation de ski selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une vis de butée axiale (43) permettant de maintenir le coulisseau (4) associé à la talonnière dans une position dans laquelle la lame (6) est déformée en flambage, lorsque le second bras (37) est désolidarisé du coulisseau (4).Ski binding according to claim 7, characterized in that it includes an axial stop screw (43) to maintain the slide (4) associated with the heel piece in a position in which the blade (6) is deformed in buckling, when the second arm (37) is detached from the slide (4). Fixation de ski selon l'une des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisée en ce que ledit support longitudinal (1) est fixé au ski par ses extrémités au moyen de deux supports (7, 9) et qu'il est articulé autour d'un axe transversal (8) sur le support avant et qu'il est monté mobile longitudinalement dans le support arrière (9) ou inversement.Ski binding according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that said longitudinal support (1) is fixed to the ski by its ends by means of two supports (7, 9) and that it is articulated around a transverse axis (8) on the front support and that it is mounted mobile longitudinally in the rear support (9) or Conversely.
EP99811120A 1998-12-08 1999-12-07 Skibinding Expired - Lifetime EP1008373B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9815623A FR2786706B1 (en) 1998-12-08 1998-12-08 SKI BINDING
FR9815623 1998-12-08

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EP1008373A1 true EP1008373A1 (en) 2000-06-14
EP1008373B1 EP1008373B1 (en) 2004-06-16

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EP (1) EP1008373B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE269129T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69918041T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2786706B1 (en)

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FR2686799A1 (en) * 1992-01-31 1993-08-06 Salomon Sa DEVICE FOR MODIFYING THE DISTRIBUTION OF A SKI ON ITS SLIDING SURFACE AND SKI EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DEVICE.
EP0750522A1 (en) 1994-03-24 1997-01-02 Look Fixations S.A. Toe piece for a downhill ski safety binding
US5735541A (en) 1995-02-01 1998-04-07 Fritschi Ag Apparatebau Ski binding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6454291B1 (en) 2002-09-24
DE69918041T2 (en) 2005-07-21
ATE269129T1 (en) 2004-07-15
EP1008373B1 (en) 2004-06-16
FR2786706B1 (en) 2001-02-09
DE69918041D1 (en) 2004-07-22
FR2786706A1 (en) 2000-06-09

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