EP0995496A2 - Zentrifugalabscheider - Google Patents

Zentrifugalabscheider Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0995496A2
EP0995496A2 EP99308286A EP99308286A EP0995496A2 EP 0995496 A2 EP0995496 A2 EP 0995496A2 EP 99308286 A EP99308286 A EP 99308286A EP 99308286 A EP99308286 A EP 99308286A EP 0995496 A2 EP0995496 A2 EP 0995496A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifugal separator
retention
cone
medium
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99308286A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0995496A3 (de
Inventor
Peter K. Herman
Donald Weston
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cummins Filtration Inc
Original Assignee
Fleetguard Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fleetguard Inc filed Critical Fleetguard Inc
Publication of EP0995496A2 publication Critical patent/EP0995496A2/de
Publication of EP0995496A3 publication Critical patent/EP0995496A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/005—Centrifugal separators or filters for fluid circulation systems, e.g. for lubricant oil circulation systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls
    • B04B1/08—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls of conical shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
    • B04B7/12—Inserts, e.g. armouring plates
    • B04B7/16—Sieves or filters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the design of a centrifugal separator for removing particulate matter from a fluid, such as lubricating oil for a diesel engine or hydraulic fluid. More specifically the present invention relates to the use of a retention medium formed into a generally cylindrical sleeve for use in a cone-stack centrifugal separator for capturing and retaining particulate matter.
  • Cone-stack centrifugal separators are disclosed in United States Patent Nos. 5,575,912 and 5,637,217.
  • a flow path or flow circulation path is described as extending over, around and through a cone-stack assembly comprising a stacked plurality of virtually identical cones with the axial spacing between cones precisely controlled.
  • What is ultimately achieved by the rotation of the cone-stack assembly which is driven as part of the rotor assembly is the separation of particulate matter out of the fluid and the collection of this particulate matter.
  • the cone-stack assembly is cleaned, in the case of a reusable cone-stack assembly, or discarded, in the case of a disposable, single-use cone-stack assembly.
  • the particulate matter and debris collected out of the fluid by the cone-stack assembly and by the centrifugal rotation of that assembly is compressed into a dense "sludge cake" that is resistant to reentrainment back into the fluid.
  • sludge cake that is resistant to reentrainment back into the fluid.
  • the particulate matter and debris collected by a centrifugal separator in a hydraulic system is typically not formed into the described sludge cake. Whatever particulate matter or debris has accumulated in a hydraulic system has a tendency to reenter the fluid. The tendency for reentrainment back into the fluid is greatest during transient conditions such as during engine startup.
  • the particle collection zone which is between the outer peripheral edges of the individual cones of the cone stack and the outer wall of the rotor housing or shell, is subject to high fluid flow/shear/turbulence that can cause substantial reentrainment of "loose" particulate collected in a hydraulic application. In order to prevent, or at least minimize, this reentrainment, the fluid flow and shear in the collection zone must be minimized.
  • a solution is offered by the present invention which includes novel and unobvious structural features and relationships.
  • the present invention provides a retention medium which is placed around the outer edge of the cone-stack assembly and against the inside surface of the rotor shell. If a liner is used, the retention medium is placed against the inside surface of the liner.
  • the retention medium is typically formed into the shape of a cylindrical sleeve, with a generally uniform wall thickness. There may be a slight taper to this sleeve, but the key to its effectiveness is based upon the fact that the retention medium fills the clearance space (i.e., the particle collection zone) between the outer peripheral edge of the cone-stack assembly and the rotor shell.
  • the preferred material for the retention medium is a high-void medium such as a high-loft polyester (non-woven). Alternatively, a knitted metal mesh or reticulated foam can be used.
  • the retention medium provides a matrix for centrifuged particles to collect within and reduces fluid flow and shear during startup by diverting the fluid away from the particle collection zone (i.e., separation zone).
  • the retention medium can either be cleaned, if designed for multiple uses, or discarded, if designed as a disposable unit.
  • the style of retention medium sleeve will coincide with the style of cone-stack assembly, either a multiple-use style or a disposable style.
  • the disposable style of medium retention sleeve which might also be referred to as a replaceable retention medium sleeve, may be disposed of as a separate unit or disposed of as part of the disposal of the cone-stack assembly.
  • a centrifugal separator for removing particulate matter from a fluid comprises a base, an outer shell assembled to the base, a centertube assembled to the base, and a rotor assembly mounted onto the centertube, the rotor assembly including a retention-medium member constructed and arranged to receive and retain said particulate matter.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide an improved centrifugal separator which includes a retention-medium member.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view in full section of a centrifugal separator according to a typical embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged detail of a portion of the FIG. 1 centrifugal separator illustrating the presence of a retention-medium sleeve.
  • FIG. 3 is a front elevational view in full section of the FIG. 1 centrifugal separator with a retention-medium coil positioned within a rotor assembly.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial, front elevational view in full section of the FIG. 2 retention-medium sleeve with water-absorbent fibers added.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is illustrated a cone-stack, centrifugal separator 20 with a particle-retention medium formed into a generally cylindrical sleeve 21 which is positioned within rotor assembly 20a. More specifically, sleeve 21 is positioned within the particle collection zone 22 which is disposed between and defined by the outer peripheral edge 23 of the cone-stack assembly 24 and the inner surface 25 of the rotor shell 26. If a rotor shell liner is provided, it is positioned at the location of broken line 27. With this structure, the sleeve 21 is positioned adjacent to the inner surface 28 of the liner (i.e., line 27).
  • Rotor assembly 20a includes rotor shell 26, cone-stack assembly 24, and sleeve 21, to mention some of the primary components.
  • sleeve 21 The purpose and function of sleeve 21 is to capture and retain particulate matter and debris which is centrifugally separated out of the fluid being circulated through the centrifugal separator 20. Once the particulate matter and debris is captured, the design of sleeve 21, including the composition and design of the particle retention medium, effectively prevents, but at a minimum substantially reduces, any reentrainment of the captured particulate matter and debris into the circulating fluid. The tendency for reentrainment is greatest during transient conditions such as during engine startup. The detailed operation of a self-driven, cone-stack centrifuge or centrifugal separator is described in United States Patent Nos. 5,575,912 and 5,637,217. U.S. Patent No.
  • a bypass circuit centrifuge is disclosed in United States Patent No. 5,575,912.
  • the centrifuge is designed for separating particulate matter out of a circulating liquid and is configured with a hollow and generally cylindrical centrifuge bowl which is arranged in combination with a base plate so as to define a liquid flow chamber.
  • a hollow centertube axially extends up through the base plate into the hollow interior of the centrifuge bowl.
  • the bypass circuit centrifuge is designed so as to be assembled within a cover assembly and a pair of oppositely disposed tangential flow nozzles in the base plate are used to spin the centrifuge within the cover so as to cause particles to separate out from the liquid.
  • the interior of the centrifuge bowl includes a plurality of truncated cones which are arranged into a stacked array and are closely spaced so as to enhance the separation efficiency.
  • the stacked array of truncated cones is sandwiched between a top plate positioned adjacent to the top portion of the centrifuge bowl and a bottom plate which is positioned closer to the base plate.
  • the incoming liquid flow exits the centertube through a pair of oil inlets and from there flows through the top plate.
  • the top plate in conjunction with ribs on the inside surface of the centrifuge bowl accelerate and direct this flow into the upper portion of the stacked array of truncated cones. As the flow passes through the channels created between adjacent cones, particle separation occurs as the liquid continues to flow downwardly to the tangential flow nozzles.
  • a bypass circuit centrifuge is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,637,217.
  • the centrifuge is designed for separating particulate matter out of a circulating liquid and is configured with a hollow and generally cylindrical centrifuge bowl which is arranged in combination with a base plate so as to define a liquid flow chamber.
  • a hollow centertube axially extends up through the base plate into the hollow interior of the centrifuge bowl.
  • the bypass circuit centrifuge is designed so as to be assembled within a cover assembly and a pair of oppositely disposed tangential flow nozzles in the base plate are used to spin the centrifuge within the cover so as to cause particles to separate out from the liquid.
  • the interior of the centrifuge bowl includes a plurality of truncated cones which are arranged into a stacked array and are closely spaced so as to enhance the separation efficiency.
  • the incoming liquid flow exits the centertube through a pair of oil inlets and from there is directed into the stacked array of cones.
  • a top plate in conjunction with ribs on the inside surface of the centrifuge bowl accelerate and direct this flow into the upper portion of the stacked array.
  • the stacked array is arranged as part of a disposable subassembly. In each embodiment, as the flow passes through the channels created between adjacent cones, particle separation occurs as the liquid continues to flow downwardly to the tangential flow nozzles.
  • One of the aspects of the structures disclosed in the two referenced patents is that both are designed principally for handling lube oil and removing particulate matter and debris from the lube oil flowing across the cone-stack assemblies through the centrifuges.
  • the particulate matter and debris which is separated out of the lube oil collects and compacts itself into what can best be described as a sludge cake. Since this sludge cake basically stays intact as it accumulates and builds, there is little risk that portions of the sludge will separate and enter or disperse back into the flowing or circulating lube oil.
  • lube oil sludge i.e., particulate matter and debris
  • the particulate matter and debris i.e., sludge
  • a centrifuge or centrifugal separator preferably with a cone-stack assembly
  • the particulate matter and debris does not possess the same properties as lube oil sludge.
  • a sludge cake does not form when centrifuging hydraulic fluid to separate out particulate matter and debris.
  • the sludge does not accumulate into a mass that basically stays intact. There is therefore a potential for the particulate matter and debris which has already been removed from the hydraulic fluid to reenter that fluid.
  • the greatest tendency for this type of reentrainment to occur is during transient conditions, such as during engine startup.
  • the present invention provides a particle retention medium which is formed into a generally cylindrical sleeve 21 and installed into a cone-stack centrifugal separator 20.
  • the basic construction of centrifugal separator 20 is similar to the centrifuge structures disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,575,912 and 5,637,217, except primarily for the addition of sleeve 21.
  • the FIG. 1 illustration also includes the surrounding and enclosing structure of base 30, outer shell 31, annular clamp assembly 32, and cap assembly 33. Also included is the stationary centertube 34 which is threadedly mounted into hub 35 of base 30.
  • Rotor tube 36 which is part of rotor assembly 20a is positioned around and is concentric with centertube 34 and is bearingly supported therewith for rotation of the rotor assembly 20a, including the rotation of cone-stack assembly 24, about centertube 34.
  • the upper tip 40 of centertube 34 is received by cap assembly 33 which helps to maintain the concentric alignment of the annular components of centrifugal separator 20.
  • the fluid inlet 41 defined by base 30 delivers the fluid to be "processed" by the cone-stack assembly 24.
  • the fluid flows through main passageway 42 and exits into the interior 43 of rotor tube 36 via connecting passageway 44.
  • the fluid travels upwardly toward the top or tapered end of the cone stack 45 and exits from rotor tube 36 by way of flow ports 46.
  • the fluid flow over and through the cone stack 45 begins adjacent the outer edge 47 of each cone 48 where the fluid flow travels through the cone flow holes 49 and then upwardly and inwardly between adjacent cones 48 (see FIG. 2).
  • the fluid flow then travels downwardly in the direction of base 30 between the inner annular edges 48a of the cones and the outer surface of rotor tube 36.
  • the exiting fluid at the lower edge of the cone stack 45 is directed through flow jet nozzles 50 and 51 which are directed tangentially relative to the axis of rotation of the cone-stack assembly 24, for imparting (self-driven) rotary motion to the cone-stack assembly.
  • the spent fluid exiting from the flow jet nozzles 50 and 51 is routed to drain 52.
  • the outer shell 31 is attached to base 30 by means of clamp assembly 32.
  • An interior O-ring seal is used to provide a liquid-tight interface at this location.
  • the space between the outer surface of rotor assembly 20a and the inside surface of outer shell 31 is an air gap which facilitates the free rotation of the rotor assembly 20a relative to the stationary centertube 34 and relative to the remainder of the centrifugal separator 20, noting that the outer shell 31 as well as the base 30 are also stationary relative to the rotation of rotor assembly 20a.
  • cylindrical sleeve 21 including the composition of the particle retention medium will now be described. While sleeve 21 has been described as being generally cylindrical, its exact shape is influenced by the shape of the rotor shell 26 and/or any rotor liner, if a rotor liner is provided (see line 27 in FIG. 2).
  • the inner surface 57 of the sleeve 21 is cylindrical and any slight taper to the overall sleeve 21 is due to or corresponds to any taper in the rotor shell or rotor liner.
  • each cone 48 is of a virtually identical construction, and since each cone is positioned the same relative to cylindrical rotor tube 36, the outer annular edge 47 of each cone 48 is positioned adjacent inner edge 57 with virtually identical spacing, both radially and axially, which spacing in a radial direction relative to inner surface 57 is minimal.
  • the particle retention medium which creates a particle trap is a high-void medium (at least greater than 70 per cent) such as a high-loft polyester, preferably non-woven, a knitted metal mesh, or a reticulated foam, to mention a few of the material options.
  • a high-void medium such as a high-loft polyester, preferably non-woven, a knitted metal mesh, or a reticulated foam, to mention a few of the material options.
  • the enhancement includes the placement of a donut-shaped ring 60 of filtering material between the cone-stack assembly 24 and the flow jet nozzles 50 and 51.
  • the use of this material and the forming of the material into a coil-like shape, as well as its placement within the centrifugal separator, enables ring 60 to function as a type of final filter in order to capture any reentrained debris or particulate matter.
  • FIG. 4 Another enhancement for cylindrical sleeve 21 is illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • This enhancement includes the addition of water-absorbent pellets 62 or granular powders composed of xanthan, starch, or acrylate superabsorbent polymers. A few of the pellets 62 are illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • Superabsorbent polymers such as those fabricated from polyacrylate and polyacrylamide are frequently used in infant diapers.
  • the sleeve 63 which is created is thus able to capture separated water and prevent it from draining out of the centrifuge during shut down. This is particularly important for hydraulic applications because water is highly undesirable in hydraulic systems. Since water is more dense than oil, the operation of the centrifugal separator separates the water from the oil.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
EP99308286A 1998-10-20 1999-10-20 Zentrifugalabscheider Withdrawn EP0995496A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US175981 1988-03-31
US17598198A 1998-10-20 1998-10-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0995496A2 true EP0995496A2 (de) 2000-04-26
EP0995496A3 EP0995496A3 (de) 2001-07-04

Family

ID=22642459

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99308286A Withdrawn EP0995496A3 (de) 1998-10-20 1999-10-20 Zentrifugalabscheider

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0995496A3 (de)
AU (1) AU5595299A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1216739A1 (de) * 2000-12-21 2002-06-26 Nelson Industries, Inc. Kombinationsfilter mit erhöhter Lebensdauer
GB2393408A (en) * 2002-07-30 2004-03-31 Fleetguard Inc Automatic shut-off valve for a centrifuge
WO2006048299A1 (en) * 2004-11-08 2006-05-11 Eni S.P.A. Continuous porous bed centrifuge
WO2013096257A1 (en) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-27 Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. Composite disposable centrifuge rotor with reusable metal centertube
CN105562222A (zh) * 2016-03-02 2016-05-11 苏州盛天力离心机制造有限公司 电机上悬式的立式刮刀离心机的残余滤饼清除装置
CN105562220A (zh) * 2016-03-02 2016-05-11 苏州盛天力离心机制造有限公司 刮刀式离心机的残余滤饼清除装置
EP3495030A1 (de) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-12 Mann + Hummel Gmbh Auskleidung für eine filterunterbaugruppe
CN114786791A (zh) * 2019-12-16 2022-07-22 阿尔夫德珂斯股份公司 离心分离器和包括离心分离器的机器

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2750107A (en) * 1952-10-02 1956-06-12 Glacier Co Ltd Centrifugal oil cleaner, including a cylindrical filter
US3385517A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-05-28 Michigan Dynamics Inc Centrifugal purifier
US3572582A (en) * 1969-03-21 1971-03-30 Midwest Aero Ind Corp Centrifuge
US4017397A (en) * 1974-12-02 1977-04-12 Copeland Shannon B Filter device for diesel engines
DE4007304A1 (de) * 1990-03-08 1991-09-12 Henkel Kgaa Vorrichtung zum aufbereiten von kuehlschmierstoffen
US5637217A (en) * 1995-01-25 1997-06-10 Fleetguard, Inc. Self-driven, cone-stack type centrifuge
US5690814A (en) * 1996-02-06 1997-11-25 Dana Corporation Spin-on filter with transparent container portion
EP0812609A2 (de) * 1996-06-10 1997-12-17 Fram Europe Limited Zentrifugalfilter
US5707519A (en) * 1996-11-27 1998-01-13 Caterpillar Inc. Centrifugal oil filter with particle retention

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2750107A (en) * 1952-10-02 1956-06-12 Glacier Co Ltd Centrifugal oil cleaner, including a cylindrical filter
US3385517A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-05-28 Michigan Dynamics Inc Centrifugal purifier
US3572582A (en) * 1969-03-21 1971-03-30 Midwest Aero Ind Corp Centrifuge
US4017397A (en) * 1974-12-02 1977-04-12 Copeland Shannon B Filter device for diesel engines
DE4007304A1 (de) * 1990-03-08 1991-09-12 Henkel Kgaa Vorrichtung zum aufbereiten von kuehlschmierstoffen
US5637217A (en) * 1995-01-25 1997-06-10 Fleetguard, Inc. Self-driven, cone-stack type centrifuge
US5690814A (en) * 1996-02-06 1997-11-25 Dana Corporation Spin-on filter with transparent container portion
EP0812609A2 (de) * 1996-06-10 1997-12-17 Fram Europe Limited Zentrifugalfilter
US5707519A (en) * 1996-11-27 1998-01-13 Caterpillar Inc. Centrifugal oil filter with particle retention

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1216739A1 (de) * 2000-12-21 2002-06-26 Nelson Industries, Inc. Kombinationsfilter mit erhöhter Lebensdauer
US6709575B1 (en) 2000-12-21 2004-03-23 Nelson Industries, Inc. Extended life combination filter
GB2393408A (en) * 2002-07-30 2004-03-31 Fleetguard Inc Automatic shut-off valve for a centrifuge
US6821241B2 (en) 2002-07-30 2004-11-23 Fleetguard, Inc. Centrifuge rotor with low-pressure shut-off and capacity sensor
WO2006048299A1 (en) * 2004-11-08 2006-05-11 Eni S.P.A. Continuous porous bed centrifuge
EA010536B1 (ru) * 2004-11-08 2008-10-30 Эни С.П.А. Центрифуга непрерывного действия с пористым слоем
US7708681B2 (en) 2004-11-08 2010-05-04 Eni S.P.A. Continuous porous bed centrifuge
AU2005300696B2 (en) * 2004-11-08 2010-05-06 Eni S.P.A. Continuous porous bed centrifuge
WO2013096257A1 (en) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-27 Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. Composite disposable centrifuge rotor with reusable metal centertube
CN103747878A (zh) * 2011-12-20 2014-04-23 康明斯过滤Ip公司 具有可重复使用的金属中心筒的复合材料一次性离心机转子
CN105562222A (zh) * 2016-03-02 2016-05-11 苏州盛天力离心机制造有限公司 电机上悬式的立式刮刀离心机的残余滤饼清除装置
CN105562220A (zh) * 2016-03-02 2016-05-11 苏州盛天力离心机制造有限公司 刮刀式离心机的残余滤饼清除装置
EP3495030A1 (de) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-12 Mann + Hummel Gmbh Auskleidung für eine filterunterbaugruppe
CN114786791A (zh) * 2019-12-16 2022-07-22 阿尔夫德珂斯股份公司 离心分离器和包括离心分离器的机器
CN114786791B (zh) * 2019-12-16 2023-07-28 阿尔夫德珂斯股份公司 离心分离器和包括离心分离器的机器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0995496A3 (de) 2001-07-04
AU5595299A (en) 2000-05-04

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