EP0994928A1 - Compositions azeotropes, et du type azeotrope, de 1-bromopropane et de dichloropentafluoropropanes - Google Patents

Compositions azeotropes, et du type azeotrope, de 1-bromopropane et de dichloropentafluoropropanes

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Publication number
EP0994928A1
EP0994928A1 EP98933296A EP98933296A EP0994928A1 EP 0994928 A1 EP0994928 A1 EP 0994928A1 EP 98933296 A EP98933296 A EP 98933296A EP 98933296 A EP98933296 A EP 98933296A EP 0994928 A1 EP0994928 A1 EP 0994928A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
azeotrope
bromopropane
solvent
dichloropentafluoropropane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98933296A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Richard J. Degroot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Great Lakes Chemical Corp
Original Assignee
Great Lakes Chemical Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Great Lakes Chemical Corp filed Critical Great Lakes Chemical Corp
Publication of EP0994928A1 publication Critical patent/EP0994928A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
    • C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D7/261—Alcohols; Phenols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/50—Solvents
    • C11D7/5004—Organic solvents
    • C11D7/5018—Halogenated solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/50—Solvents
    • C11D7/5036—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents
    • C11D7/504—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents all solvents being halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/50—Solvents
    • C11D7/5036—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents
    • C11D7/5068—Mixtures of halogenated and non-halogenated solvents
    • C11D7/5077—Mixtures of only oxygen-containing solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
    • C23G5/028—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C23G5/02809—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine and fluorine
    • C23G5/02825—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine and fluorine containing hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
    • C23G5/028—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C23G5/02809—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine and fluorine
    • C23G5/02825—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine and fluorine containing hydrogen
    • C23G5/02841—Propanes
    • C23G5/02851—C2HCl2F5
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
    • C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D7/263—Ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
    • C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D7/264—Aldehydes; Ketones; Acetals or ketals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
    • C11D7/28—Organic compounds containing halogen

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a cleaning solvent comprising a hydrochlorofluorocarbon and 1 -bromopropane and to a method of cleaning an article using the cleaning solvent composition. More specifically this invention relates to azeotrope and non-azeotropes cleaning solvents comprising dichloropentafluoropropane and 1 -bromopropane and to a method of cleaning an article having a metal, plastic, ceramic, or cloth surface.
  • Hydrochlorofluorocarbons are widely used as cleaning and degreasing solvents for electronic boards as well as a wide variety of other products that have cloth, plastic, elastomeric, metallic, and ceramic components or surfaces.
  • the HCFCs have demonstrated capability to clean electrical and mechanical components.
  • the cleaning solvents are non-toxic, environmentally benign, low boiling, non-flammable and inexpensive.
  • the solvents must have high solvating ability to dissolve, solubilize, and entrain the organic residues such as the flux and flux-residues on circuit boards without damaging the circuitry and other electronic components on the circuit boards that are being cleaned.
  • the physical and chemical characteristics of the cleaning solvents can be adjusted by combining the HCFCs with other organic solvents to provide a solvent with sufficient solvating power to clean the component safely, effectively, and at a commercially acceptable cost. While a particular solvent mixture initially may provide the desired characteristics in bulk, i.e. non-toxic, low boiling, inexpensive and high solvating ability, in practice the mixture may be inadequate.
  • Solvents are often recovered by distilling used or contaminated solutions to provide essentially pure solvents that can be reused. Partitioning during recovery requires that one or more of the original components be added to the recovered solvent to maintain the original solvent composition.
  • Azeotropic mixtures are combinations of solvents that do not partition; instead, they exhibit characteristics of a single pure compound. Thus, they maintain a constant composition during evaporation and distillation.
  • the azeotrope mixtures exhibit either maximum or minimum boiling points. These characteristics are important when using solvent compositions to remove solder flux and other organic residues from electronic components or grease and oil from mechanical components.
  • the azeotropic mixtures are particularly desirable in vapor degreasing operations, where a vaporized solvent is employed as a cleaning solution.
  • azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions also allow for solvent recovery without the necessity of adding one or more of the components to maintain the desired solvent composition.
  • the present invention provides a solvent composition comprising dichloropentafluoropropane and 1 -bromopropane.
  • the dichloropentafluoropropane consists essentially of 3, 3-dichloro-l, 1,1,2,2- pentafluoropropane and l,3-dichloro-l,l,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane.
  • Specific solvent compositions of 1 -bromopropane and dichloropentafluoropropane provide azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions that are particularly useful in vapor degreasing and defluxing operations.
  • the solvent composition comprises stabilizers, and co-solvents such as alcohols, ketones, ethers, acetals, nitroalkanes, epoxides, amines, and saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
  • Azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions were determined to exist when the dichloropentafluoropropane, 1 -bromopropane, stabilizers and co-solvents were combined in specific proportions. Admixture of 1 -bromopropane, dichloropentfluoropropane, stabilizers, and co-solvents provides a cleaning solution having a high solvating ability, low boiling point, and low toxicity.
  • the present invention also provides a method for cleaning articles having cloth, metal, plastic, and ceramic surfaces using the solvent compositions that include dichloropentafluoropropane and 1 -bromopropane.
  • the solvent composition includes stabilizers and co-solvents to ameliorate the stability and solvating ability of the cleaning solvent.
  • the solvent is applied to the articles such as electronic components, metal, plastic, ceramic articles or textiles by any of the known or conventional methods used to solvate and entrain grease, oils, and other particles adhering to the article's surface. Removal of the contaminated solvent provides a cleaned article that is suitable for subsequent processing or forwarding to the consumer.
  • This invention is directed to a solvent composition comprising dichloropentafluoropropane, and 1 -bromopropane that provides a cleaning and degreasing solvent having a high solvating ability, low toxicity, low environmental hazards and low boiling.
  • the solvent composition is an azeotrope or azerotrope-like composition of the dichloropentafluoropropane and 1 - bromopropane.
  • the solvent composition also comprises concentrations of the dichloropentafluoropropane and 1 -bromopropane other than the azeotrope and azeotrope-like composition.
  • concentrations of the dichloropentafluoropropane and 1 -bromopropane other than the azeotrope and azeotrope-like composition are useful when solvent partitioning is not a concern or when the cleaning process or solvent recovery does not partition the solvent.
  • the solvent composition includes one or more stabilizer components and co-solvents such as alcohols, ketones, ethers, acetals, nitroalkanes, epoxides, amines, and saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
  • stabilizer components and co-solvents such as alcohols, ketones, ethers, acetals, nitroalkanes, epoxides, amines, and saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
  • admixture of dichloropentafluoropropane, 1 -bromopropane and one or more of the stabilizers and co-solvents provides a solvent composition that is an azeotrope or azeotrope-like composition.
  • the solvent composition prepared in accordance with this invention provides a cleaning and degreasing solvent that is useful for cleaning a wide variety of articles having cloth, metal, ceramic, plastic and elastomeric surfaces.
  • an azeotrope composition is defined as a constant boiling liquid admixture of two or more substances that exhibits physical characteristics of a single compound, in that the vapor, produced by partial evaporation or distillation of the liquid, has substantially the same composition as the liquid, i.e., the admixture distills without substantial change in the composition.
  • Constant boiling compositions which are characterized as azeotropes, exhibit either a maximum or minimum boiling point as compared with that of the non- azeotropic mixtures of the same substances.
  • the present invention contemplates the admixture of the dichloropentafluoropropane, 1 -bromopropane, and optionally one or more stabilizers and co-solvents in an azeotrope mixture.
  • azeotrope-like compositions it is meant that a composition of compounds has a concentration that may vary, however minor, from the concentrations found in the azeotropic compositions.
  • concentrations of the dichloropentafluoropropane, 1 -bromopropane, and added stabilizers and co- solvents included in an azeotrope-like composition may vary somewhat from the concentrations found in the azeotrope formed between them and remain a composition within the scope of this invention.
  • the boiling points of the azeotrope-like compositions will be substantially the same as those of their corresponding azeotropes.
  • the azeotrope-like compositions boil, at ambient pressure, at temperatures that are within about 2°C of the temperatures at which their corresponding azeotropes boil at the same pressure.
  • compositions of dichloropentafluoropropane, 1- bromopropane and additional stabilizers and co-solvents that, when fractionally distilled, provide a distillate that is an azeotrope or an azeotrope-like composition when the concentrations of the dichloropentafluoropropane, 1 -bromopropane and added stabilizers and co-solvents are different from the concentrations of the azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions are within the scope of this invention.
  • the concentrations of the dichloropentafluoropropane, 1 -bromopropane, and added stabilizers and co-solvents of such compositions differ from the concentration of the azeotrope or azeotrope-like composition by no more than about 10%, more preferably, no more than about 5% by weight.
  • solvating ability is meant the characteristic of a composition in the liquid state to dissolve solid or semi-solid matter and become miscible with liquids including gums, greases and gels.
  • solvation entails dispersing molecules of the matter with solvent molecules. The dissolution and miscibility does not have to be complete, i.e. infinite solubility or miscibility with the matter.
  • the solvent composition of the present invention comprises an azeotrope or azeotrope-like composition comprising dichloropentafluoropropane.
  • the dichloropentafluoropropane consists essentially of 3,3-dichloro-l ,l,l,2,2- pentafluoropropane, l,3-dichloro-l,l,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane, or a mixture thereof.
  • the dichloropentafluoropropanes are commercially available from a variety of sources.
  • a mixture of 3,3 -dichloro- 1,1,1, 2,2-pentafluoropropane, 1,3- dichloro-l ,l,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane in a weight ratio of 45:55 is sold under the trade name AK 225 by Asahi.
  • Dichloropentafluoropropanes are low boiling, non- toxic, non-flammable, and generally chemically stable to most substrates.
  • the solvent composition also includes 1 -bromopropane, which is commercially available from Great Lakes Chemical Corporation. This halogenated solvent is low boiling, inexpensive, and considered less harmful to the atmospheric ozone layer than chlorofluorocarbons.
  • 1 -bromopropane is non-toxic, unlike many other halogenated alkanes; for example, 2-bromopropane is considered to be extremely toxic to both humans and animals.
  • 1- bromopropane has an extremely high solvating ability as is exemplified by its Kauri Butanol Value of 125.
  • 1 -bromopropane provides an excellent cleaning solvent for metal components, its high solvating ability limits its application for plastics and elastomers; 1 -bromopropane tends to etch or partially dissolve plastic surfaces. Admixtures of 1 -bromopropane with less aggressive solvents such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons reduces this detrimental effect on plastics and elastometers while at the same time it increases the solvating ability of the hydrochlorofluorocarbons. The final solvent blend is highly effective for cleaning a wide variety of articles having metallic, ceramic, cloth, and plastic surfaces.
  • the solvent composition also comprises non-azeotrope compositions of dichloropentafluoropropane and 1 -bromopropane.
  • the non-azeotrope solvent compositions are useful for certain applications where partitioning of the cleaning solvent is not a major consideration.
  • the solvent composition comprises 1- bromopropane and about 1% to about 99% by weight dichloropentafluoropropane, preferably about 10% to about 90% by weight, more preferably about 30% to about 70% by weight dichloropentafluoropropane. Admixure of 1 -bromopropane and dichloropentafluoropropane provides a solvent composition with a high solvating ability.
  • a cleaning solution having a solvating ability that is lower than 1 -bromopropane yet higher than dichloropentafluoropropane can be prepared.
  • the solvent of the present invention comprises about 1% to about 99% by weight 1 -bromopropane, preferably about 10% to about 90% by weight, more preferably about 30% to about 70% by weight 1 -bromopropane.
  • the solvent compositions of the present invention provide cleaning solvents that have a Kauri Butanol Value of about 32 to about 124, preferably about 45 to about 105, and more preferably about 65 to about 95.
  • the solvent composition includes stabilizers and co-solvents.
  • stabilizers and co-solvents are included to modify the physical and chemical characteristics of the solvent composition.
  • the stabilizers are added to inhibit metal induced decomposition of halogenated hydrocarbons.
  • reactive metals such as aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron, titanium, tin and alloys of these metals induce decomposition of halogenated hydrocarbons such as 1- bromopropane and hydrochlorofluorocarbons.
  • these metals induce hydrolysis and/or dehydrohalogenation of the alkyl halides to provide metal halides, halide salts, and acids as some of the decomposition species. Generation of these decomposition species is harmful to metal components.
  • Stabilizers that are included as optional components of the solvent composition include alcohols, ketones, ethers, acetals, nitroalkanes, epoxides, amines, and mixtures of these stabilizers.
  • alcohols examples include, but are not limited to: ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, t-amyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, phenols, e.g. phenol, p-cresol, m-cresol, o-cresol, amino alcohols, e.g. monoethanol amine, diethanol amine, triethanol amine, acetylene alcohols, e.g. methylbutynol, methylpentynol, benzotriazol, and mixtures of alcohols.
  • Typical ketones useful in the present invention include: acetone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), 2-propanone (diethyl ketone), 2-pentanone, 3-pentanone, 2- hexanone, 3-hexanone, 2-heptanone, 3-heptanone, 4-heptanone, 2,6-dimethyl -4- heptanone, 2-methyl-3-heptanone, 2-methyl-2-butanone, 2-methyl-3-pentanone, 2- nonanone, and mixtures of ketones.
  • MEK methyl ethyl ketone
  • 2-propanone diethyl ketone
  • 2-pentanone 3-pentanone
  • 2- hexanone 3-hexanone
  • 2-heptanone 3-heptanone
  • 4-heptanone 2,6-dimethyl -4- heptanone
  • 2-methyl-3-heptanone 2-methyl-2-butanone
  • 2-methyl-3-pentanone 2- nonanone
  • acetals suitable for the present invention include dimethyl and diethyl acetals of the ketones listed above.
  • Typical nitroalkanes useful in the present invention include: nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, 2-nitropropane, nitrobutane, and mixtures of nitroalkanes.
  • epoxides useful with the present invention include: epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin, propylene oxide. 1,2- butylene oxide, 2,3- butylene oxide, cyclohexene oxide, glycidyl methyl ether, glycidyl mefhacrylate, pentene oxide, cyclopentene oxide, and cyclohexene oxide.
  • the epoxides are added to the stabilized solvent either singly or as a mixture of two or more.
  • Non-nucleophilic amines are preferred, and therefore secondary and tertiary amines are desired.
  • amines useful for the present invention include: hexylamine, octylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, dodecylamine, ethylbutylamine, hexylmethylamine, butyloctylamine, dibutylamine, octadecylmethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine.
  • diethyloctylamine tetradecyl- dimethylamine, dibutylamine; diisobutylamine, diisopropylamine, pentylamine, N- methylmorpholine, isopropylamine, cyclohexylamine, butylamine, isobutylamine, dipropylamine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, N, N-dimethyl-p-phenylamine, N,N- diethyl-p-phenylamine, diethylamine, aniline, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, triethylamine, tetraethylenepentamine, benzylamine, dibenzylamine, diphenylamine, and diethylhydroxyamine. These amines are useful either singly or as a combination of two or more.
  • co-solvents examples include: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, ketones, esters, terpenes, and various aliphatic mixtures including mineral spirits, VM & P Naptha and Stoddard solvents. Many of the stabilizers listed above are also considered to be co-solvents.
  • the co-solvents are added to modify the solvating ability of the solvent composition. Thus, for example, alcohols and ketones can be added to attenuate the solvating ability of the 1 -bromopropane.
  • Co- solvents also provide a higher degree of polarity and hydrogen bonding characteristics to the solvent, which enables the solvent to effectively remove ionic or polar contaminates. Furthermore, these co-solvents are often less expensive than the dichloropentafluoropropanes, and they reduce the costs associated with preparing and using the solvent blend.
  • the solvent composition is prepared by the admixture of the 1- bromopropane and a sufficient amount of dichloropentafluoropropane to provide the desired cleaning solvent having a specified concentration or a desired Kauri Butanol Value.
  • the order of addition of the components is not critical for this invention. When desired the stabilizers and co-solvents are added. In addition, minor amounts of surfactants can be included.
  • Typical surfactants useful for the invention include ionic and non-ionic surface active agents, for example, sulfonate salts, phosphate salts, carboxylate salts, fatty acids, alkyl phenols, glycols, esters and amides.
  • Surface active agents also include ionic and non-ionic water displacement compounds such as tetraalkyl ammonium sulfonate, phosphate, carboxylate and bromide salts, aliphatic amino alkanols, fluorinated amino alkanols, and chlorofluorinated amino alkanols. Again the order of addition is not critical for the present invention.
  • ionic and non-ionic water displacement compounds such as tetraalkyl ammonium sulfonate, phosphate, carboxylate and bromide salts, aliphatic amino alkanols, fluorinated amino alkanols, and chlorofluorinated amino alkanols. Again the order of addition is not critical for the present invention.
  • the solvent composition of the present invention is suitable for washing articles having cloth, metal, ceramic, plastic and elastomeric surfaces.
  • the solvent composition may be applied by any method known or commonly used to clean or degrease articles.
  • the surface of the article may be wiped with an absorbent medium containing the solvent composition such as a cloth saturated with the solvent.
  • the article may be submerged or partially submerged in a dip tank.
  • the solvent in a dip tank can be either hot or cold, and the article can be submerged for extended periods of time without inducing decomposition of the solvent.
  • the article, dip tank and related components are not harmed by the process.
  • the solvent can be sprayed onto the article or the article can be cleaned in a vapor degreasing chamber with either liquid or vaporized solvent composition.
  • the solvent When the solvent is applied as a vapor, the solvent is typically heated in a solvent reservoir to vaporize the solvents. The vaporized solvent then condenses on the surface of the article. The condensed solvent solvates or entrain grease, oil. dirt, and other undesirable particles that are on the article's surface. The contaminated solvent drains into the solvent reservoir carrying the dissolved and entrained material to the reservoir. Since only the solvent is vaporized, the grease, oil, and dirt remain in the reservoir, and the article is continually flushed with non- contaminated solvents.
  • a dichloropentafluoropropane mixture of 3, 3-dichloro-l, 1,1,2,2- pentafluoropropane and 1 ,3-dichloro-l, 1,2,2, 3 -pentafluoropropane in a weight ratio of 45 to 55 and a sufficient amount of 1 -bromopropane were admixed to provide a 50% by weight dichloropentafluoropropane and 50% by weight 1 -bromopropane solvent composition.
  • the solvent composition was placed in a Perkin Elmer Model 151 Annular Still (200 theoretical plate capability) and heated to reflux. After the refluxing solvent had reached equilibrium, three distillate samples were collected at a 10 : 1 reflux to takeoff ratio. The samples were analyzed by gas chromotography to determine the relative concentrations of dichloropentafluoropropane and 1 -bromopropane. The results are listed in Table 1.
  • the head and pot temperatures were read directly to 0.1 °C.
  • the results are tabulated in Table 2.
  • Analysis of the data in Table 2 indicates that an azeotrope composition exists.
  • the azeotrope composition consists essentially of about 92% by weight combined 3,3-dichloro-l,l,l,2,2-pentafluoropropane and 1,3-dichloro- 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane and about 8% by weight 1 -bromopropane and has a boiling point of about 53°C.
  • DCPF of 3,3-dichloro-l,l,l,2,2-pentafluoropropane and 1,3- dichloro- 1,1, 2,2,3 -pentafluoropropane, n-PB - 1 -bromopropane
  • Example 2 Solvent Blend Comprising Dichloropentafluoropropane, 1- Bromopropane, and Nitromethane
  • a solvent composition comprising about 33% by weight combined 3,3- dichloro- 1,1,1 ,2,2-pentafluoropropane and 1 ,3 -dichloro- 1,1,2,2,3- pentafluoropropane (45:55 wt ratio), about 33% by weight 1 -bromopropane, and about 33% by weight nitromethane was prepared.
  • Approximately 100 g of the resulting solvent was initially distilled in a Perkin Elmer Model 151 Annular to determine if a ternary azeotrope could exist.
  • DCPF 3,3-dichloro-l,l,l,2,2-pentafluoropropane and 1,3-dichloro- 1 ,1, 2,2,3- pentafluoropropane
  • n-PB 1 -bromopropane
  • Example 3 Solvent Blend Comprising 3,3-Dichloro-l, 1,1,2,2- Pentafluoropropane and l,3-Dichloro-l,l,2,2,3-Pentafluoropropane, 1- Bromopropane, and Methanol As An Azeotrope Composition
  • a solvent composition comprising 33% by weight 3,3-dichloro-l,l,l,2,2- pentafluoropropane and l,3-dichloro-l ,l,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (45:55 wt ratio), 33% by weight 1 -bromopropane and 33% by weight methanol was prepared. Distillation of this initial solvent blend was performed as described in Example 1.
  • a second solvent blend comprising 62 g of combined 3,3-dichloro-l,l,l,2,2-pentafluoropropane and 1,3-dichloro- 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane, 28.3 g 1 -bromopropane, and 11.8 g of methanol was prepared.
  • This solvent blend was distilled in a Perkin Elmer Model 151 Annular Still. The solvent mixture was heated to reflux and allowed to equilibrate. Distillate fractions of approximately 10% by weight were collected, using a 10:1 reflux to takeoff ratio. The head and pot temperatures were read directly to 0.1 °C. Results from this distillation are listed in Table 4.
  • n-PB 1 -bromopropane
  • a solvent blend comprising 33% by weight combined 3,3-dichloro- 1,1 ,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane and l,3-dichloro-l ,l,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (45:55 wt ratio), 33% by weight 1-bromopropane, and 33% by weight acetone was prepared and distilled in a Perkin Elmer Model 151 Annular Still as described in Example 1.
  • azeotrope exists consisting essentially of about 14.4% combined 3 ,3-dichloro- 1,1,1 ,2,2-pentafluoropropane and 1 ,3 -dichloro- 1 , 1 ,2,2,3- pentafluoropropane, about 22.5% by weight 1 -bromopropane, and about 65.6% by weight acetone, and having a boiling point of about 56°C.
  • DCPF of 3,3-dichloro-l,l,l,2,2-pentafluoropropane and 1,3-dichloro-l, 1,2,2,3- pentafluoropropane
  • n-PB 1 -bromopropane

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Abstract

L'invention a trait à un solvant nettoyant et dégraissant renfermant du 1-bromopropane et un dichloropentafluoropropane. De préférence, le dichloropentafluoropropane est essentiellement constitué d'un mélange de 3,3-dichloro-1,1pentafluoropropane et de 1,3-dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane. Ce solvant contient éventuellement des agents stabilisateurs et des co-solvants visant à améliorer les propriétés chimiques et physiques de ces solvants nettoyants. L'agent stabilisateur et les co-solvants renferment des alcools, cétones, éthers, acétals, nitroalcanes, époxydes, amines, hydrocarbures saturés, alcènes, alcynes et esters. La composition solvant selon la présente invention est utilisée pour nettoyer un large éventail de produits présentant des surfaces métalliques, textiles, céramiques et plastiques.
EP98933296A 1997-07-09 1998-07-09 Compositions azeotropes, et du type azeotrope, de 1-bromopropane et de dichloropentafluoropropanes Withdrawn EP0994928A1 (fr)

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US5200697P 1997-07-09 1997-07-09
US52006P 1997-07-09
PCT/US1998/014251 WO1999002615A1 (fr) 1997-07-09 1998-07-09 Compositions azeotropes, et du type azeotrope, de 1-bromopropane et de dichloropentafluoropropanes

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US20050204478A1 (en) 2004-03-16 2005-09-22 Middleton Richard G Method for cleaning textile absorbers
EP2280916B1 (fr) * 2008-05-12 2019-04-17 Arkema Inc. Compositions d'hydrochlorofluoro-oléfines
US9340758B2 (en) 2008-05-12 2016-05-17 Arkema Inc. Compositions of hydrochlorofluoroolefins

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US4652389A (en) * 1984-12-14 1987-03-24 The Clorox Company Carpet cleaner
US5531916A (en) * 1990-10-03 1996-07-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Hydrofluorocarbon cleaning compositions

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