EP0993395A1 - Current measurement module for an internal combustion engine starter device - Google Patents

Current measurement module for an internal combustion engine starter device

Info

Publication number
EP0993395A1
EP0993395A1 EP97941788A EP97941788A EP0993395A1 EP 0993395 A1 EP0993395 A1 EP 0993395A1 EP 97941788 A EP97941788 A EP 97941788A EP 97941788 A EP97941788 A EP 97941788A EP 0993395 A1 EP0993395 A1 EP 0993395A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
measuring module
starter
current measuring
iron core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97941788A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0993395B1 (en
Inventor
Claus Kramer
Karl-Otto Schmidt
Elmar Huber
Uwe Daurer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19730635A external-priority patent/DE19730635A1/en
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0993395A1 publication Critical patent/EP0993395A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0993395B1 publication Critical patent/EP0993395B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0848—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines with means for detecting successful engine start, e.g. to stop starter actuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/04—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the starter motor
    • F02N2200/044—Starter current

Definitions

  • Stroirmeßmodul for a starting device of Brennraftmaschinen
  • the invention relates to a current measuring module for a starting device of internal combustion engines, with a measuring device measuring a starter current of a starter motor.
  • starter motors are usually used, which are connected to a voltage source via a starter relay designed as a so-called engagement relay, and at the same time a pinion of the starter motor is brought into engagement with a ring gear of a flywheel of the internal combustion engine.
  • a starter relay designed as a so-called engagement relay
  • an external switch for example an ignition switch or start switch of the motor vehicle.
  • a starter current can be evaluated. This takes advantage of the fact that the starter current changes its course depending on the self-running of the internal combustion engine. If the internal combustion engine reaches its self-running speed, that is, it develops its own torque, the starter motor is virtually overhauled in its speed, the starter motor being separated from the internal combustion engine via a one-way clutch. From this point on, the starter motor only has to apply its own acceleration torque, so that the starter current drops to the idling current of the starter motor. Reaching the idling current of the starter motor thus signals the self-running of the internal combustion engine.
  • the current measuring module according to the invention with the features mentioned in claim 1 has the advantage that an evaluation of the starter current is possible in a simple manner.
  • a conductor, through which the starter current flows at least partially encompasses the soft iron core, which carries a magnetic field sensor, and electronics controlled by the magnetic field sensor, which generate a control signal for switching off the starter motor when a cut-off current, in particular an idling current, are provided, are easily possible, the starter current without direct Intervention in the starter motor to be evaluated.
  • design changes to the entire starting device are not necessary, since the current measuring module according to the invention can be easily adapted to existing starting devices. In addition, no changes to the existing electrical connection lines of the starting device are necessary.
  • Figure 1 shows the course of the starter current of a starter motor
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically a magnetic field surrounding a current-carrying conductor;
  • 3a shows schematic views of a current to 3c measuring module;
  • FIG. 4a shows a possibility of arranging the current measuring module up to 4c on a starting device
  • FIG. 1 shows the course of a starter current I of a starter motor of an internal combustion engine over time t.
  • the starter current I increases to a maximum value (starting current) and then changes into a ripple area 10.
  • the ripple of the starter current I results from the compression and decompression phases of the internal combustion engine that change during the starting phase.
  • the starter current I changes into the idle flow I Q.
  • a cut-off current which is below the ripple range 10 is identified by 1 ⁇ . After falling below the cut-off current 1 ⁇ it is certain that the internal combustion engine is self-running and the starter motor can be switched off.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates that a conductor 12 through which current I flows generates a magnetic field B.
  • the magnetic field B is proportional to the current I.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3c show a current measuring module 14, by means of which the starter current I is measured by detecting the magnetic field B.
  • the current measuring module 14 is shown in a front view (FIG. 3a), a side view (FIG. 3b) and a top view (FIG. 3c).
  • the current measuring module 14 comprises a sleeve-shaped soft iron core 16.
  • the soft iron core 16 has an axial through opening 18, which is preferably round, the diameter of which is larger than an electrical conductor 12 guided through the soft iron core 16 (not shown in FIG. 3).
  • a magnetic field sensor 20 which is only indicated here, is arranged in this air gap.
  • the magnetic field sensor 20 can be, for example, a Hall sensor or a so-called field plate.
  • the function of magnetic field sensors 20 is generally known, so that they will not be discussed in more detail in the context of the present description.
  • the 20 has electrical connection contacts to which a signal voltage is present as a function of a magnetic field B acting on the magnetic field sensor, the signal voltage being proportional to the magnetic field B.
  • the soft iron core 16 is arranged on a base plate 22 made of a non-magnetic and electrically non-conductive material, which is made of a plastic, for example.
  • the soft iron core 16 can be arranged, for example, with the soft iron core 16 on the base plate 22 a plastic resulting in the base plate 22 are overmolded, so that in addition to the base plate 22, the corresponding holding area 24 and a jacket 26 of the soft iron core 16 are formed at the same time.
  • the electronics for evaluating the signal voltage supplied by the magnetic field sensor 20 can be integrated into the base plate 22.
  • FIG. 4a shows a side view of a starting device 28 for an internal combustion engine (not shown) of a motor vehicle.
  • the starting device 28 comprises a starter motor 30 and a starter relay 32 designed as an engagement relay.
  • the starter motor 30 is connected to a motor vehicle battery of the motor vehicle by means of the starter relay 32, and on the other hand a pinion of the starter motor is brought into engagement with the internal combustion engine.
  • the starter relay 32 has a contact space 34, within which a contact bridge connects two contact bolts 36 and 38 to one another.
  • the contact pin 36 is connected to the positive pole of the motor vehicle battery via an electrical connecting line (not shown).
  • the contact pin 38 is extended in such a way that it can accommodate the current measuring module 14 on the one hand and a cable lug 40 on the other.
  • the cable lug 40 is connected to an electrical line 42, preferably in the form of a strand, with a connection 44 protruding from the starter motor 30.
  • the current measuring module 14 is pushed with its soft iron core 16 over the contact pin 38.
  • the arrangement of the current measuring module 14 and the cable lug 40 on the contact pin 38 is locked by means of a fastener 46, for example a threaded nut.
  • the size of the base plate 22 of the current measuring module 14 is matched to the structural conditions of the starting device 28, so that an installation space which is present anyway can be used for accommodating the current measuring module 14 without design changes to the starting device 28 being necessary.
  • the base plate 22 of the current measuring module 14 has - as the plan view in FIG. 3c shows - a larger edge length 1 than an axial extension a of the soft iron core 16. This ensures that in region b, which results from the difference of the edge length 1 and the axial extent a results, the cable lug 40 can be located.
  • the arrangement of the current measuring module 14 found ensures that when the starter motor 30 is switched on, the starter current I flows via the contact bolt 36, the contact bridge of the starter relay 32, the contact bolt 38, the cable lug 40, the strand 42 and the connection 44 to the starter motor 30.
  • the soft iron core 16 is integrated into this electrical connection path in that it surrounds the contact pin 38 in regions.
  • the contact pin 38 forms the electrical conductor 12, which is surrounded by a magnetic field proportional to the starter current I.
  • a control signal is supplied to control electronics 48 via lines (not shown in detail in FIG. 4a) which, for example, can be integrated into the base plate 22.
  • This control signal is proportional to the magnetic field B measured by the magnetic field sensor 16, which in turn is proportional to the starter current I.
  • the control electronics 48 provide a control signal for switching off the starter motor 30.
  • This control signal causes an opening of a switching means connecting the starter relay 32 with a control voltage, so that the contact bridge of the starter relay 32 separates the contact bolts 36 and 38.
  • the starter device 28, in particular the starter motor 30, can be switched off automatically when the internal combustion engine has reached self-running, without a great deal of design effort, using a simply constructed current measuring module.
  • a construction of the starting device 28 and an assembly of the starting device 28 in motor vehicles need not be changed, so that the cost advantages of large-scale production are retained.
  • a contact pin 38 which is only extended by the axial extension a of the soft iron core 16 is to be used.
  • the electrical connecting lines to the starting device 28 in motor vehicles also need not be changed. It is merely an additional connection line from the control electronics 48 to a switch-off device of the starting device 28 necessary.
  • the arrangement found makes it possible to retrofit the current measuring module 14 in a simple manner in the case of motor vehicles which are already in operation.
  • an exchange of the current measuring module 14 is also readily possible if necessary, without the need to disassemble the starting device 28 as a whole. Due to the simple and universal structure of the current measuring module 14, it can be used with a large number of different types of starting devices 28, so that a corresponding provision or provision of different current measuring modules 14 is not necessary.
  • the dimensioning of the contact bolts, in particular of the contact bolt 38, is essentially the same for all of the starting devices 28 in use, so that here too there is no need to adapt the current measuring module 14, in particular the through-opening 18 of the soft iron core 16, to different starting devices 28.
  • FIGS. 4b and 4c again show different views of the arrangement of the current measuring module 14 on the contact pin 38.
  • the front view according to FIG. 4b shows that the base plate 22 receiving the control electronics 48 can be integrated into a free installation space between the relay cover of the starter relay 32 and the starter motor 30. Otherwise, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals and are not explained again.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment variant of the arrangement of a current measuring module 14 on a starting direction 28 shown.
  • the same parts as in the previous figures, in particular as in Figure 4a, are provided with the same reference numerals and are not explained again.
  • the current measuring module 14 is arranged on a housing 50, in particular a commutator cover 52, of the starter motor 30. This ensures that the current measuring module 14 is arranged in the vicinity of the electrical connection 44 of the starter motor 30.
  • the electrical connection 44 consists of a busbar 54 which protrudes from the inside of a pole tube of the starter motor 12.
  • the electrical connecting line (strand) 42 with its cable lug 40 is permanently connected to this busbar 54, for example welded on.
  • the arrangement of the current measuring module 14 shown in FIG. 5 allows the soft iron core 16 to be pushed over the busbar 54 protruding from the starter motor 30, the electrically conductive connection between the busbar 54 and the connecting line 42 being subsequently established.
  • the soft iron core 16 thus virtually protrudes axially from the base plate having the control electronics 48 and engages around the busbar 54.
  • the magnetic field sensor 20 (not shown here) is arranged between the busbar 54 and the soft iron core 16.
  • the busbar 54 thus forms the electrical conductor designated by 12 in FIG.
  • the soft iron core 16 is not ring-shaped, but runs, extending from the base plate 22, oval. This has no influence on the detection of the magnetic field B and thus the starter current I.
  • the mounting of the base plate 22 with the control electronics 48 on the commutator cover 52 can take place, for example, by means of suitable latching, plug-in or screw connections.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A current measurement module for an internal combustion engine, comprising a unit for measuring a starter current. According to the invention, a soft-iron core (16) at least partially enclosing a conductor (12) with a starter current (I) flowing therethrough includes a magnetic field sensor (20). Furthermore, an electronic control system (48) driven by said magnetic field sensor generates a control signal for switching off the starter device (30) when a cut-off current (IA) of said starter device (30) is reached.

Description

Stroirimeßmodul für eine Starteinrichtung von Brenn- raftmaschinenStroirmeßmodul for a starting device of Brennraftmaschinen
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Strommeßmodul für eine Starteinrichtung von Brennkraftmaschinen, mit einer einen Starterstrom eines Startermotors messenden Meßeinrichtung.The invention relates to a current measuring module for a starting device of internal combustion engines, with a measuring device measuring a starter current of a starter motor.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Es ist bekannt, daß Brennkraftmaschinen mittels einer Startvorrichtung gestartet werden müssen, da diese nicht von alleine anlaufen. Hierzu werden üblicher- weise Startermotoren eingesetzt, die über ein als sogenanntes Einrückrelais ausgebildetes Starterrelais mit einer Spannungsquelle verbunden werden, und gleichzeitig ein Ritzel des Startermotors mit einem Zahnkranz eines Schwungrades der Brennkraftmaschine zum Andrehen in Eingriff gebracht wird. Zum Einschalten des Starterrelais ist es bekannt, dieses über einen externen Schalter, beispielsweise einen Zündschalter oder Startschalter des Kraftfahrzeugs, anzusteuern. Nach Erreichen des Selbstlaufs der Brennkraftmaschine muß der Startermotor ausgespurt werden, um einer Geräuschentwicklung und einem Verschleiß vorzubeugen. Bekannt ist eine manuelle Start- abschaltung, durch Loslassen des Zünd- beziehungsweise Startschalters. Um eine Komforterhöhung in Kraftfahrzeugen zu erreichen, sind Lösungen bekannt, eine automatische Startabschaltung der Brennkraftmaschine durchzuführen. Um einen Selbstlauf der Brennkraftmaschine zu detektieren, kann eine Auswertung eines Starterstroms erfolgen. Hierbei wird ausgenutzt, daß der Starterstrom seinen Verlauf in Abhängigkeit des Selbstlaufs der Brennkraftmaschine ändert. Erreicht die Brennkraftmaschine ihre Selbstlaufdrehzahl, das heißt, diese entwickelt ein eigenes Drehmoment, wird der Startermotor in seiner Drehzahl quasi überholt, wobei der Startermotor über eine Freilaufkupplung von der Brennkraftmaschine getrennt wird. Ab diesem Zeitpunkt muß der Startermotor nur noch sein eigenes Beschleunigungsmoment aufbringen, so daß der Starterstrom auf den Leerlaufström des Startermotors abfällt. Das Erreichen des LeerlaufStroms des Startermotors signalisiert somit den Selbstlauf der Brenn- kraftmaschine .It is known that internal combustion engines have to be started by means of a starting device, since they do not start on their own. For this purpose, starter motors are usually used, which are connected to a voltage source via a starter relay designed as a so-called engagement relay, and at the same time a pinion of the starter motor is brought into engagement with a ring gear of a flywheel of the internal combustion engine. To switch on the starter relay, it is known to control it via an external switch, for example an ignition switch or start switch of the motor vehicle. After the internal combustion engine has reached self-running, the starter motor must be disengaged in order to prevent noise and wear. Is known a manual start switch off by releasing the ignition or start switch. In order to achieve an increase in comfort in motor vehicles, solutions are known for automatically starting the internal combustion engine. In order to detect self-running of the internal combustion engine, a starter current can be evaluated. This takes advantage of the fact that the starter current changes its course depending on the self-running of the internal combustion engine. If the internal combustion engine reaches its self-running speed, that is, it develops its own torque, the starter motor is virtually overhauled in its speed, the starter motor being separated from the internal combustion engine via a one-way clutch. From this point on, the starter motor only has to apply its own acceleration torque, so that the starter current drops to the idling current of the starter motor. Reaching the idling current of the starter motor thus signals the self-running of the internal combustion engine.
Aus der allgemeinen Elektrotechnik ist bekannt, daß ein von einem Strom durchflossener Leiter von einem dem Strom proportionalen Magnetfeld umgeben ist.It is known from general electrical engineering that a conductor through which a current flows is surrounded by a magnetic field proportional to the current.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Strommeßmodul mit den im Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmalen bietet den Vorteil, daß in einfacher Weise eine Auswertung des Starterstroms möglich ist. Dadurch, daß ein, einen vom Starterstrom durchflossenen Leiter zumindest teilweise umgreifen- der Weicheisenkern, der einen Magnetfeldsensor trägt, und eine 'von dem Magnetfeldsensor angesteuerte Elektronik, die bei Erreichen eines Abschaltstroms, insbesondere eines LeerlaufStroms, des Startermotors ein Steuersignal zum Abschalten des Startermotors generiert, vorgesehen ist, ist in einfacher Weise möglich, den Starterstrom ohne direkten Eingriff in den Startermotor auszuwerten. Insbesondere sind konstruktive Änderungen der gesamten Starteinrichtung nicht notwendig, da das erfindungsgemäße Strommeßmodul in einfacher Weise an bestehende Starteinrichtungen anpaßbar ist . Darüber hinaus sind keinerlei Veränderungen an den vorhandenen elektrischen Verbindungs- leitungen der Starteinrichtung notwendig.The current measuring module according to the invention with the features mentioned in claim 1 has the advantage that an evaluation of the starter current is possible in a simple manner. The fact that a conductor, through which the starter current flows, at least partially encompasses the soft iron core, which carries a magnetic field sensor, and electronics controlled by the magnetic field sensor, which generate a control signal for switching off the starter motor when a cut-off current, in particular an idling current, are provided, are easily possible, the starter current without direct Intervention in the starter motor to be evaluated. In particular, design changes to the entire starting device are not necessary, since the current measuring module according to the invention can be easily adapted to existing starting devices. In addition, no changes to the existing electrical connection lines of the starting device are necessary.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den in den Unteransprüchen genannten Merkmalen.Advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the features mentioned in the subclaims.
Zeichnungendrawings
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail below in exemplary embodiments with reference to the associated drawings. Show it:
Figur 1 den Verlauf des Starterstroms eines Startermotors ;Figure 1 shows the course of the starter current of a starter motor;
Figur 2 schematisch ein, einen stromdurchflossenen Leiter umgebendes Magnetfeld; Figur 3a schematische Ansichten eines Strom- bis 3c meßmoduls;FIG. 2 shows schematically a magnetic field surrounding a current-carrying conductor; 3a shows schematic views of a current to 3c measuring module;
Figur 4a eine Anordnungsmöglichkeit des Strommeß- bis 4c moduls an einer Starteinrichtung undFIG. 4a shows a possibility of arranging the current measuring module up to 4c on a starting device and
Figur 5 eine weitere Anordnungsmöglichkeit desFigure 5 shows another arrangement possibility of
Strommeßmoduls an einer Starteinrichtung.Current measuring module on a starting device.
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
In der Figur 1 ist der Verlauf eines Starterstroms I eines Startermotors einer Brennkraftmaschine über der Zeit t gezeigt. Mit Einschalten des Startermotors steigt der Starterstrom I auf einen Maximalwert (Anlaufstrom) an und geht anschließend in einen Wellig- keitsbereich 10 über. Die Welligkeit des Starterstroms I ergibt sich aus den während der Startphase wechselnden Kompressions- und Dekompressionsphasen der Brennkraftmaschine. Mit Erreichen des Selbstlaufs der Brennkraftmaschine geht der Starterstrom I in den Leerlaufström IQ über. Mit 1^ ist ein Abschaltstrom gekennzeichnet, der unterhalb des Welligkeitsbereichs 10 liegt. Nach Unterschreiten des Abschaltstroms 1^ ist sicher, daß die Brennkraftmaschine im Selbstlauf ist und eine Abschaltung des Startermotors erfolgen kann.FIG. 1 shows the course of a starter current I of a starter motor of an internal combustion engine over time t. When the starter motor is switched on, the starter current I increases to a maximum value (starting current) and then changes into a ripple area 10. The ripple of the starter current I results from the compression and decompression phases of the internal combustion engine that change during the starting phase. When the internal combustion engine reaches self-running, the starter current I changes into the idle flow I Q. A cut-off current which is below the ripple range 10 is identified by 1 ^. After falling below the cut-off current 1 ^ it is certain that the internal combustion engine is self-running and the starter motor can be switched off.
Figur 2 verdeutlicht, daß ein vom Strom I durchflos- sener Leiter 12 ein Magnetfeld B erzeugt. Das Magnetfeld B ist hierbei dem Strom I proportional. In den Figuren 3a bis 3c ist ein Strommeßmodul 14 gezeigt, -mittels dem durch Erfassen des Magnetfelds B der Starterstrom I gemessen wird. Das Strommeßmodul 14 ist in einer Vorderansicht (Figur 3a) , einer Sei- tenansicht (Figur 3b) und einer Draufsicht (Figur 3c) gezeigt. Das Strommeßmodul 14 umfaßt einen hülsen- förmigen Weicheisenkern 16. Der Weicheisenkern 16 besitzt eine axiale Durchgangsδffnung 18, die vorzugsweise rund ist, deren Durchmesser größer ist als ein durch den Weicheisenkern 16 geführter elektrischer Leiter 12 (in Figur 3 nicht dargestellt) . Hierdurch verbleibt zwischen dem elektrischen Leiter 12 und dem Weicheisenkern 16 ein koaxialer Luftspalt. In diesem Luftspalt ist ein hier lediglich ange- deuteter Magnetfeldsensor 20 angeordnet. Der Magnetfeldsensor 20 kann beispielsweise ein Hallsensor oder eine sogenannte Feldplatte sein. Die Funktion von Magnetfeldsensoren 20 ist allgemein bekannt, so daß im Rahmen der vorliegenden Beschreibung hierauf nicht näher eingegangen werden soll. Ein MagnetfeldsensorFIG. 2 illustrates that a conductor 12 through which current I flows generates a magnetic field B. The magnetic field B is proportional to the current I. FIGS. 3a to 3c show a current measuring module 14, by means of which the starter current I is measured by detecting the magnetic field B. The current measuring module 14 is shown in a front view (FIG. 3a), a side view (FIG. 3b) and a top view (FIG. 3c). The current measuring module 14 comprises a sleeve-shaped soft iron core 16. The soft iron core 16 has an axial through opening 18, which is preferably round, the diameter of which is larger than an electrical conductor 12 guided through the soft iron core 16 (not shown in FIG. 3). This leaves a coaxial air gap between the electrical conductor 12 and the soft iron core 16. A magnetic field sensor 20, which is only indicated here, is arranged in this air gap. The magnetic field sensor 20 can be, for example, a Hall sensor or a so-called field plate. The function of magnetic field sensors 20 is generally known, so that they will not be discussed in more detail in the context of the present description. A magnetic field sensor
20 besitzt elektrische Anschlußkontakte, an denen in Abhängigkeit eines auf den Magnetfeldsensor einwirkenden Magnetfeldes B eine SignalSpannung anliegt, wobei die Signalspannung proportional zu dem Magnet- feld B ist.20 has electrical connection contacts to which a signal voltage is present as a function of a magnetic field B acting on the magnetic field sensor, the signal voltage being proportional to the magnetic field B.
Der Weicheisenkern 16 ist auf einer, aus einem unmagnetischen und elektrisch nicht leitfähigen Material bestehenden Grundplatte 22 angeordnet, die beispielsweise aus einem Kunststoff besteht. ZurThe soft iron core 16 is arranged on a base plate 22 made of a non-magnetic and electrically non-conductive material, which is made of a plastic, for example. to
Anordnung des Weicheisenkerns 16 auf der Grundplatte 22 kann der Weicheisenkern 16 beispielsweise mit einem die Grundplatte 22 ergebenden Kunststoff umspritzt werden, so daß neben der Grundplatte 22 gleichzeitig der entsprechende Haltebereich 24 sowie eine Ummantelung 26 des Weicheisenkerns 16 entsteht. In die Grundplatte 22 kann gleichzeitig die Elektronik zur Auswertung der vom Magnetfeldsensor 20 gelieferten Signalspannung integriert sein.The soft iron core 16 can be arranged, for example, with the soft iron core 16 on the base plate 22 a plastic resulting in the base plate 22 are overmolded, so that in addition to the base plate 22, the corresponding holding area 24 and a jacket 26 of the soft iron core 16 are formed at the same time. At the same time, the electronics for evaluating the signal voltage supplied by the magnetic field sensor 20 can be integrated into the base plate 22.
Figur 4a zeigt in einer Seitenansicht eine Start- einrichtung 28 für eine nicht dargestellte Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs . Die Starteinrichtung 28 umfaßt einen Startermotor 30 sowie ein als Einrückelrelais ausgebildetes Starterrelais 32. Mittels des Starterrelais 32 wird einerseits der Star- termotor 30 mit einer Kraftfahrzeugbatterie des Kraftfahrzeugs verbunden und andererseits ein Ritzel des Startermotors in Eingriff mit der Brennkraftmaschine gebracht. Das Starterrelais 32 besitzt einen Kontaktraum 34, innerhalb dem eine Kontaktbrücke zwei Kontaktbolzen 36 und 38 miteinander verbindet. Der Kontaktbolzen 36 ist über eine nicht dargestellte elektrische Verbindungsleitung mit dem Pluspol der Kraftfahrzeugbatterie verbunden. Der Kontaktbolzen 38 ist derart verlängert, daß er einerseits das Strom- meßmodul 14 und andererseits einen Kabelschuh 40 aufnehmen kann. Der Kabelschuh 40 ist mit einer vorzugsweise als Litze ausgebildeten elektrischen Leitung 42 mit einem aus dem Startermotor 30 heraus- ragenden Anschluß 44 verbunden. Das Strommeßmodul 14 ist mit seinem Weicheisenkern 16 über den Kontakt - bolzen 38 geschoben. Die Anordnung des Strommeßmoduls 14 und des Kabelschuhs 40 auf dem Kontaktbolzen 38 wird mittels eines Befestigungsmittels 46, beispielsweise einer Gewindemutter, arretiert.FIG. 4a shows a side view of a starting device 28 for an internal combustion engine (not shown) of a motor vehicle. The starting device 28 comprises a starter motor 30 and a starter relay 32 designed as an engagement relay. On the one hand, the starter motor 30 is connected to a motor vehicle battery of the motor vehicle by means of the starter relay 32, and on the other hand a pinion of the starter motor is brought into engagement with the internal combustion engine. The starter relay 32 has a contact space 34, within which a contact bridge connects two contact bolts 36 and 38 to one another. The contact pin 36 is connected to the positive pole of the motor vehicle battery via an electrical connecting line (not shown). The contact pin 38 is extended in such a way that it can accommodate the current measuring module 14 on the one hand and a cable lug 40 on the other. The cable lug 40 is connected to an electrical line 42, preferably in the form of a strand, with a connection 44 protruding from the starter motor 30. The current measuring module 14 is pushed with its soft iron core 16 over the contact pin 38. The arrangement of the current measuring module 14 and the cable lug 40 on the contact pin 38 is locked by means of a fastener 46, for example a threaded nut.
Die Größe der Grundplatte 22 des Strommeßmoduls 14 ist auf die konstruktiven Gegebenheiten der Starteinrichtung 28 abgestimmt, so daß ein sowieso vorhandener Einbauraum für die Aufnahme des Strommeßmoduls 14 genutzt werden kann, ohne daß konstruktive Änderungen an der Starteinrichtung 28 notwendig sind. Die Grund- platte 22 des Strommeßmoduls 14 besitzt eine - wie die Draufsicht in Figur 3c zeigt - größere Kantenlänge 1 als eine axiale Erstreckung a des Weicheisenkerns 16. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß sich in dem Bereich b, der sich aus der Differenz der Kanten- länge 1 und der axialen Erstreckung a ergibt, der Kabelschuh 40 befinden kann.The size of the base plate 22 of the current measuring module 14 is matched to the structural conditions of the starting device 28, so that an installation space which is present anyway can be used for accommodating the current measuring module 14 without design changes to the starting device 28 being necessary. The base plate 22 of the current measuring module 14 has - as the plan view in FIG. 3c shows - a larger edge length 1 than an axial extension a of the soft iron core 16. This ensures that in region b, which results from the difference of the edge length 1 and the axial extent a results, the cable lug 40 can be located.
Durch die gefundene Anordnung des Strommeßmoduls 14 wird erreicht, daß bei eingeschaltetem Startermotor 30 der Starterstrom I über den Kontaktbolzen 36, die Kontaktbrücke des Starterrelais 32, den Kontaktbolzen 38, den Kabelschuh 40, die Litze 42 und den Anschluß 44 zum Startermotor 30 fließt. In diesen elektrischen Verbindungsweg ist der Weicheisenkern 16 eingebunden, indem dieser den Kontaktbolzen 38 bereichsweise umgibt. In Analogie zu Figur 2 bildet der Kontaktbolzen 38 den elektrischen Leiter 12, der von einem dem Starterstrom I proportionalen Magnetfeld umgeben ist. Entsprechend dem mit dem Magnetfeldsensor 16 detek- tierten Magnetfeld B wird ein Steuersignal über, in Figur 4a nicht detailliert dargestellte, Leitungen einer Steuerelektronik 48 zugeführt, die beispiels- weise in die Grundplatte 22 integriert sein kann. Dieses Steuersignal ist proportional dem von dem Magnetfeldsensor 16 gemessenen Magnetfeld B, das wiederum proportional dem Starterstrom I ist. Ent- sprechend der anhand von Figur 1 erläuterten Abschaltgrenze des Starterstroms I wird ein Unterschreiten des Abschaltstroms I& somit detektiert. Wird der Wert I unterschritten, stellt die Steuerelektronik 48 ein Steuersignal zum Abschalten des Startermotors 30 zur Verfügung. Dieses Steuersignal bewirkt ein Öffnen eines das Starterrelais 32 mit einer Steuerspannung verbindenden Schaltmittels, so daß die Kontaktbrücke des Starterrelais 32 die Kontaktbolzen 36 und 38 trennt.The arrangement of the current measuring module 14 found ensures that when the starter motor 30 is switched on, the starter current I flows via the contact bolt 36, the contact bridge of the starter relay 32, the contact bolt 38, the cable lug 40, the strand 42 and the connection 44 to the starter motor 30. The soft iron core 16 is integrated into this electrical connection path in that it surrounds the contact pin 38 in regions. Analogously to FIG. 2, the contact pin 38 forms the electrical conductor 12, which is surrounded by a magnetic field proportional to the starter current I. Corresponding to the magnetic field B detected with the magnetic field sensor 16, a control signal is supplied to control electronics 48 via lines (not shown in detail in FIG. 4a) which, for example, can be integrated into the base plate 22. This control signal is proportional to the magnetic field B measured by the magnetic field sensor 16, which in turn is proportional to the starter current I. Corresponding to the switch-off limit of the starter current I explained with reference to FIG. 1, a drop below the switch-off current I & is thus detected. If the value falls below I, the control electronics 48 provide a control signal for switching off the starter motor 30. This control signal causes an opening of a switching means connecting the starter relay 32 with a control voltage, so that the contact bridge of the starter relay 32 separates the contact bolts 36 and 38.
Insgesamt wird ohne großen konstruktiven Aufwand mittels eines einfach aufgebauten Strommeßmoduls eine automatische Abschaltung der Starteinrichtung 28, insbesondere des Startermotors 30, bei Erreichen des Selbstlaufs der Brennkraftmaschine möglich. Zur Anordnung des Strommeßmoduls 14 muß eine Konstruktion der Starteinrichtung 28 und eine Montage der Starteinrichtung 28 in Kraftfahrzeugen nicht verändert werden, so daß die Kostenvorteile einer Großserien- fertigung erhalten bleiben. Gegebenenfalls ist ein lediglich um die axiale Erstreckung a des Weicheisenkerns 16 verlängerter Kontaktbolzen 38 einzusetzen. Die elektrischen Verbindungsleitungen zur Starteinrichtung 28 in Kraftfahrzeugen muß ebenfalls nicht verändert werden. Es ist lediglich eine zusätzliche Verbindungsleitung von der Steuerelektronik 48 zu einer Abschalteinrichtung der Starteinrichtung 28 notwendig. Durch die gefundene Anordnung ist darüber hinaus das Strommeßmodul 14 einerseits bei bereits in Betrieb befindlichen Kraftfahrzeugen in einfacher Weise nachrüstbar. Darüber hinaus ist ein Austausch des Strommeßmoduls 14 im Bedarfsfalle ebenfalls ohne weiteres möglich, ohne daß die Starteinrichtung 28 insgesamt demontiert zu werden braucht . Durch den einfachen und universellen Aufbau des Strommeßmoduls 14 ist dieses bei einer Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Typen von Starteinrichtungen 28 einsetzbar, so daß eine entsprechende Bereitstellung beziehungsweise Vorhaltung unterschiedlicher Strommeßmodule 14 nicht notwendig ist. Die Dimensionierung der Kontaktbolzen, insbesondere des Kontaktbolzens 38, ist bei allen sich im Einsatz befindlichen Starteinrichtungen 28 im wesentlichen gleich, so daß auch hier keine Anpassung des Strommeßmoduls 14, insbesondere der Durchgangs- Öffnung 18 des Weicheisenkerns 16, an unterschiedliche Starteinrichtungen 28 erfolgen muß.Overall, the starter device 28, in particular the starter motor 30, can be switched off automatically when the internal combustion engine has reached self-running, without a great deal of design effort, using a simply constructed current measuring module. For the arrangement of the current measuring module 14, a construction of the starting device 28 and an assembly of the starting device 28 in motor vehicles need not be changed, so that the cost advantages of large-scale production are retained. If necessary, a contact pin 38 which is only extended by the axial extension a of the soft iron core 16 is to be used. The electrical connecting lines to the starting device 28 in motor vehicles also need not be changed. It is merely an additional connection line from the control electronics 48 to a switch-off device of the starting device 28 necessary. On the one hand, the arrangement found makes it possible to retrofit the current measuring module 14 in a simple manner in the case of motor vehicles which are already in operation. In addition, an exchange of the current measuring module 14 is also readily possible if necessary, without the need to disassemble the starting device 28 as a whole. Due to the simple and universal structure of the current measuring module 14, it can be used with a large number of different types of starting devices 28, so that a corresponding provision or provision of different current measuring modules 14 is not necessary. The dimensioning of the contact bolts, in particular of the contact bolt 38, is essentially the same for all of the starting devices 28 in use, so that here too there is no need to adapt the current measuring module 14, in particular the through-opening 18 of the soft iron core 16, to different starting devices 28.
In den Figuren 4b und 4c sind nochmals verschiedene Ansichten der Anordnung des Strommeßmoduls 14 auf dem Kontaktbolzen 38 gezeigt. Insbesondere die Stirnansicht gemäß Figur 4b zeigt, daß die die Steuer- elektronik 48 aufnehmende Grundplatte 22 in einen freien Einbauraum zwischen dem Relaisdeckel des Starterrelais 32 und dem Startermotor 30 integrierbar ist. Im übrigen sind gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen und nicht nochmals erläutert.FIGS. 4b and 4c again show different views of the arrangement of the current measuring module 14 on the contact pin 38. In particular, the front view according to FIG. 4b shows that the base plate 22 receiving the control electronics 48 can be integrated into a free installation space between the relay cover of the starter relay 32 and the starter motor 30. Otherwise, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals and are not explained again.
In Figur 5 ist eine weitere Ausführungsvariante der Anordnung eines Strommeßmoduls 14 an einer Startein- richtung 28 gezeigt. Gleiche Teile wie in den vorhergehenden Figuren, insbesondere wie in Figur 4a, sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen und nicht nochmals erläutert.FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment variant of the arrangement of a current measuring module 14 on a starting direction 28 shown. The same parts as in the previous figures, in particular as in Figure 4a, are provided with the same reference numerals and are not explained again.
Bei der hier gezeigten Ausführungsvariante ist das Strommeßmodul 14 an einem Gehäuse 50, insbesondere einem Kommutatordeckel 52, des Startermotors 30 angeordnet. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß das Strom- meßmodul 14 in der Nähe des elektrischen Anschlusses 44 des Startermotors 30 angeordnet ist. Der elektrische Anschluß 44 besteht aus einer Stromschiene 54, die aus dem Innern eines Polrohrs des Startermotors 12 herausragt. An diese Stromschiene 54 wird die elektrische Verbindungsleitung (Litze) 42 mit ihrem Kabelschuh 40 elektrisch leitend fest angeschlossen, beispielsweise angeschweißt. Durch die in Figur 5 gezeigte Anordnung des Strommeßmoduls 14 kann bei der Montage der Weicheisenkern 16 über die aus dem Startermotor 30 herausragende Stromschiene 54 geschoben werden, wobei nachfolgend die elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen der Stromschiene 54 und der Verbindungsleitung 42 hergestellt wird.In the embodiment variant shown here, the current measuring module 14 is arranged on a housing 50, in particular a commutator cover 52, of the starter motor 30. This ensures that the current measuring module 14 is arranged in the vicinity of the electrical connection 44 of the starter motor 30. The electrical connection 44 consists of a busbar 54 which protrudes from the inside of a pole tube of the starter motor 12. The electrical connecting line (strand) 42 with its cable lug 40 is permanently connected to this busbar 54, for example welded on. The arrangement of the current measuring module 14 shown in FIG. 5 allows the soft iron core 16 to be pushed over the busbar 54 protruding from the starter motor 30, the electrically conductive connection between the busbar 54 and the connecting line 42 being subsequently established.
Der Weicheisenkern 16 ragt somit quasi von der die Steuerelektronik 48 aufweisenden Grundplatte axial heraus und umgreift die Stromschiene 54. Zwischen der Stromschiene 54 und dem Weicheisenkern 16 ist der, hier nicht dargestellte, Magnetfeldsensor 20 angeord- net. Die Stromschiene 54 bildet somit den in Figur 2 mit 12 bezeichneten elektrischen Leiter. Gemäß dem in Figur 5 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Weich- eisenkern 16 nicht ringförmig ausgebildet, sondern dieser ve'rläuft, sich von der Grundplatte 22 erstreckend, oval. Für die Detektion des Magnetfeldes B und somit den Starterstrom I hat dies keinen Einfluß. Die Befestigung der Grundplatte 22 mit der Steuerelektronik 48 an dem Kommutatordeckel 52 kann beispielsweise über geeignete Rast-, Steck- oder Schraubverbindungen erfolgen. The soft iron core 16 thus virtually protrudes axially from the base plate having the control electronics 48 and engages around the busbar 54. The magnetic field sensor 20 (not shown here) is arranged between the busbar 54 and the soft iron core 16. The busbar 54 thus forms the electrical conductor designated by 12 in FIG. According to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the soft iron core 16 is not ring-shaped, but runs, extending from the base plate 22, oval. This has no influence on the detection of the magnetic field B and thus the starter current I. The mounting of the base plate 22 with the control electronics 48 on the commutator cover 52 can take place, for example, by means of suitable latching, plug-in or screw connections.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Strommeßmodul für eine Starteinrichtung von Brennkraftmaschinen, mit einer einen Starterstrom eines Startermotors messenden Meßeinrichtung, gekennzeich- net durch, einen, einen vom Starterstrom (I) durchflossenen Leiter (12) zumindest teilweise umgreifenden Weicheisenkern (16) , der einen Magnetfeldsensor (20) trägt, und eine von dem Magnetfeldsensor angesteuerte Steuerelektronik (48) , die bei Erreichen eines Abschaltstroms (1^) des Startermotors (30) ein Steuersignal zum Abschalten des Startermotors (30) generiert .1. Current measuring module for a starter device of internal combustion engines, with a measuring device measuring a starter current of a starter motor, characterized by, a soft iron core (16), at least partially encompassing a conductor (12) through which the starter current (I) flows, and a magnetic field sensor (20) carries, and control electronics (48) controlled by the magnetic field sensor, which generates a control signal for switching off the starter motor (30) when a cut-off current (1 ^) of the starter motor (30) is reached.
2. Strommeßmodul nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß als Abschaltstrom (1^) ein Leerlauf- ström (IQ) des Startermotors (30) erfaßt wird.2. Current measuring module according to claim 1, characterized in that an idle current (I Q ) of the starter motor (30) is detected as the shutdown current (1 ^).
3. Strommeßmodul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Weicheisen- kern (16) eine Durchgangsöffnung (18) aufweist, die größer ist als der vom Starterstrom durchflossene Leiter (38, 54), so daß ein koaxialer Ringspalt zwischen dem Weicheisenkern (16) und dem Leiter (38, 54) verbleibt . 3. Current measuring module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the soft iron core (16) has a through opening (18) which is larger than the conductor (38, 54) through which the starter current flows, so that a coaxial annular gap between the soft iron core (16) and the conductor (38, 54) remains.
4. Strommeßmodul nach Anspruch 3 , dadurch gekennzeichnet,' daß der Magnetfeldsensor (20) in dem Ringspalt angeordnet ist.4. Current measuring module according to claim 3, characterized in that 'the magnetic field sensor (20) is arranged in the annular gap.
5. Strommeßmodul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Weicheisenkern (16) auf einer Grundplatte (22) angeordnet ist, in die gleichzeitig die Steuerelektronik (48) integriert ist.5. Current measuring module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the soft iron core (16) is arranged on a base plate (22), in which the control electronics (48) is integrated at the same time.
6. Strommeßmodul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Grundplatte (22) zur Aufnahme des Weicheisenkerns (16) einen6. Current measuring module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base plate (22) for receiving the soft iron core (16) one
Haltebereich (24) ausbildet, wobei Grundplatte (22), Haltebereich (24) und eine Ummantelung (26) des Weicheisenkerns (16) aus einem Kunststoff-Spritzgußteil bestehen.Holding area (24) forms, wherein the base plate (22), holding area (24) and a sheath (26) of the soft iron core (16) consist of a plastic injection molded part.
7. Strommeßmodul nach einem der vorhergehenden An- sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der stromdurch- flossene Leiter (12) von einem Kontaktbolzen (38) eines Starterrelais (32) gebildet wird.7. Current measuring module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the current-carrying conductor (12) is formed by a contact pin (38) of a starter relay (32).
8. Strommeßmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der stromdurchflossene8. Current measuring module according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the current flows
Leiter (12) von einem Anschlußkontakt (44) des Startermotors (30) gebildet wird.Conductor (12) is formed by a connection contact (44) of the starter motor (30).
9. Strommeßmodul nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß das Strommeßmodul (14) mittels eines9. Current measuring module according to claim 7, characterized in that the current measuring module (14) by means of a
Befestigungsmittels (46) arretiert ist, das gleichzeitig eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Kontaktbolzen (38) des Starterrelais (32) und dem elektrischen Anschlußkontakt (44) des Startermotors (30) klemmt.Fastening means (46) is locked, which at the same time an electrical connection between the Contact bolt (38) of the starter relay (32) and the electrical connection contact (44) of the starter motor (30) is stuck.
10. Strommeßmodul nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Strommeßmodul' (14) an einem Gehäuse (50), insbesondere einem Kommutatordeckel (52), des Startermotors (30) angeordnet ist.10. Current measuring module according to claim 8, characterized in that the current measuring module ' (14) on a housing (50), in particular a commutator cover (52), of the starter motor (30) is arranged.
11. Strommeßmodul nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Strommeßmodul (14) mit seiner Grundplatte (22) auf dem Kommutatordeckel (52) auf- gerastet ist, wobei der Weicheisenkern (16) von der Grundplatte (22) axial entspringt und eine, den An- schlußkontakt (44) bildende, über das Gebläse (30) ragende Stromschiene (54) umgreift. 11. Current measuring module according to claim 10, characterized in that the current measuring module (14) with its base plate (22) is snapped onto the commutator cover (52), the soft iron core (16) springing axially from the base plate (22) and one, engages around the busbar (54) forming the connection contact (44) and projecting over the blower (30).
EP97941788A 1997-07-17 1997-08-12 Current measurement module for an internal combustion engine starter device Expired - Lifetime EP0993395B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE19730635A DE19730635A1 (en) 1996-07-24 1997-07-17 Flow measurement module for motor vehicle IC engine starter
DE19730635 1997-07-17
PCT/DE1997/001713 WO1999003709A1 (en) 1997-07-17 1997-08-12 Current measurement module for an internal combustion engine starter device

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JP2001510257A (en) 2001-07-31

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