EP0987923A1 - Method and device for manufacturing a helical heating device from a carbon strip - Google Patents

Method and device for manufacturing a helical heating device from a carbon strip Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0987923A1
EP0987923A1 EP99116390A EP99116390A EP0987923A1 EP 0987923 A1 EP0987923 A1 EP 0987923A1 EP 99116390 A EP99116390 A EP 99116390A EP 99116390 A EP99116390 A EP 99116390A EP 0987923 A1 EP0987923 A1 EP 0987923A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mandrel
investment
starting material
carbon
band
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Granted
Application number
EP99116390A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0987923B1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Scherzer
Siegfried Grob
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Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
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Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
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Publication of EP0987923A1 publication Critical patent/EP0987923A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/46—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/02—Incandescent bodies
    • H01K1/04—Incandescent bodies characterised by the material thereof
    • H01K1/06—Carbon bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K3/00—Apparatus or processes adapted to the manufacture, installing, removal, or maintenance of incandescent lamps or parts thereof
    • H01K3/02—Manufacture of incandescent bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
    • H05B3/0038—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications
    • H05B3/0057—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications for plastic handling and treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a helical heating element a carbon band by making from a band-shaped starting material that is in a thermoplastic Investment carbon fibers, the investment removes the carbon tape deformed in the form of a coil, and the ends of the coil with contact means for an electrical Connection. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for production a helical heating element with a mandrel, and with a feed device for the supply of elongated starting material to the mandrel, on its surface the starting material is wound spirally.
  • Infrared heaters are usually equipped with a heating coil made of a metallic There is a heating wire with high electrical resistance.
  • the heating coil is made of plastic Deformation of the metallic wire produced by this on a mandrel in the form of a Spiral wound and then the mandrel is removed. The ends of the so produced The coil is then made with metallic contact parts for the electrical connection of the Provide heating coil.
  • a mandrel In a known device for producing such a metallic heating coil a mandrel is provided, to which the heating wire is fed continuously from a supply roll, and on its outer surface is wound in a spiral shape. During winding up, either the mandrel moves in the direction of its longitudinal axis, or the feeding of the wire becomes shifted along the longitudinal axis of the mandrel.
  • a heating element and an infrared heater according to the type mentioned are from the DE-G 90 03 181 known.
  • In the infrared heater described therein is within one Cladding tube provided a helically wound heating coil on a support tube, which with Connection lines for the electrical connection is connected.
  • an infrared radiator in which the heating element is in the form of a Carbon tape is formed within a quartz glass tube closed on both sides is arranged.
  • the carbon band consists of a large number of parallel to each other and in Form of a band of arranged graphite fibers.
  • the carbon strap is for the electrical connection provided with metal end caps on both sides. Usually the front The ends of the carbon band are clamped in these end caps.
  • the caps are with one spirally bent metal wire connected, which in turn to the closed by the On the front sides of the cladding tube, the electrical feed-through attacks.
  • the heating element is there in this infrared heater made of a meandering carbon band, the is formed from several contiguous sections, the ends of each the sections are supported on supports.
  • the carbon band allows rapid temperature changes, so that the well-known infrared carbon emitters are characterized by high speed of reaction.
  • the radiation power of a radiating body with decreasing Temperature significantly back, so that at comparatively low temperatures of the heating element, about below 1000 ° C, the radiation power of the well-known carbon tape is low.
  • the carbon band consists of a composite material.
  • a lot of fine ones Carbon fiber is in a thermoplastic investment material, such as a resin, mechanically fixed.
  • the carbon band is only plastically deformable to a limited extent in this state, so that the known method and the known device for producing a spiral heating element made of this material are not suitable.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a method and an apparatus for the production a frond-shaped heating element made of a material containing carbon fibers specify.
  • this task is based solved by the method described above according to the invention in that for deforming the starting material is heated to a temperature at which the investment material softens and is wound up on a mandrel to form the helix, and that the Helix shape is fixed by removing investment.
  • the method according to the invention enables the production of helical heating elements Made of carbon fiber-containing raw material. Due to the spiral shape, the surface is the heating element made from it is significantly larger than the surface of a cylindrical, straight heating element of the same length. The larger surface in turn leads to given temperature to a higher radiant power of the heating element.
  • the starting material is initially in an elongated form, for example as a thread or Tape.
  • a plastic deformability of the starting material is achieved.
  • the raw material is deformed by spiraling it onto the mandrel is wound up.
  • the spiral shape created in this way is then fixed. This is through a complete or partial removal of the investment is achieved, which makes a subsequent plastic deformation of the heating element when used as intended in one Infrared radiator is avoided or reduced.
  • the embedding phase retains the spiral shape. Removal can be by chemical reaction, for example by reaction with a solvent or by evaporation or thermal Decomposition take place.
  • removal of investment comprises annealing the Spiral at a temperature and in an atmosphere where the investment is volatile is transferred.
  • the conversion into volatile components takes place by evaporation or decomposition of investment or by reaction with constituents of the surrounding The atmosphere.
  • the volatile components can be easily removed.
  • the annealing is advantageously carried out in the absence of oxygen, for example in one closed reactor, under inert gas or in vacuum. This will cause oxidation of the Avoided carbon fibers.
  • the starting material can either be heated over its entire length or in sections. It has proven to be favorable to use the starting material in some areas over its length to be heated continuously, the respectively heated length range on the Thorn is wound up. The winding of the band-shaped starting material turns out particularly easy if the mandrel rotates around its longitudinal axis.
  • the mandrel can also reach a temperature over its entire length or in sections be heated above the softening temperature of the investment.
  • a heating spiral made from a strip-shaped starting material is characterized by a particularly large surface area and the associated high radiation power out.
  • strip material which is a thickness
  • strip material which is a thickness
  • the above-mentioned object based on the device described in the introduction, that for the manufacture of a helical heating element from a starting material, which comprises carbon fibers embedded in a thermoplastic investment, one the heating device acting in the area of the surface of the mandrel is provided, which is at a temperature above the softening temperature of the investment is adjustable.
  • the starting material is heated to a temperature above the softening temperature by means of the heating device the investment is heated.
  • the fact that the heater on the Starting material acts in the area of the surface of the mandrel, the starting material each softened so far in the length ranges fed to the mandrel that it was plastic is deformable and can be wound spirally on the surface of the mandrel.
  • the Transfer of heat from the heater to the starting material can be by contact, Radiation, flow or convection take place.
  • the heating element can be turned on immediately act on the starting material or indirectly by interposing a transmission medium. It is only essential that the heating device on the starting material in the area acts on the surface of the mandrel.
  • a device in which the mandrel rotates about its longitudinal axis has proven to be favorable and in which the heating device is movable relative to the mandrel.
  • the heating device and the feed device can be locally fixed, in the latter In this case, the heating device and feed device can be moved along the longitudinal axis of the mandrel educated. Due to the relative displaceability of mandrel and heating device, a targeted, localized heating of the starting material is achieved.
  • Heating the starting material with a is particularly easy and precise Embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which the heating device by means of a is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel linear guide.
  • the feed device is advantageously provided with a first drive by means of which it is movable in the direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel, with the displacement of the heating device a second drive is provided, which is electrically or mechanically connected to the first drive is coupled.
  • a heating device comprising a hot air blower has proven particularly useful.
  • a helical heating element can be made from an arrangement with each other connected carbon fibers.
  • the surface of the helical heating element is significantly larger than the surface of the known, stretched band-shaped heating element.
  • There may be an increase in surface area can be achieved by a factor of three.
  • the larger surface area results in a given Temperature to a comparatively higher radiation output.
  • the heating element is characterized by both low thermal inertia and high radiation power from what is particularly noticeable at comparatively low temperatures makes.
  • the starting material for the production of the heating element is a composite material is comprised of a plurality of fine carbon fibers, which are in a thermoplastic investment, such as a resin, are mechanically fixed, the raw material preferably brought into spiral form using the method according to the invention explained above and fixed.
  • a helical heating element produced with the invention is for an infrared radiator suitable, which includes a housing that with electrical connections provided helical heating element, as described above.
  • the helical one Heating element is - preferably by means of the inventive method - from one Starting material containing carbon fibers.
  • Such an infrared heater is characterized by a high radiation power especially in the wavelength range of 1.5 ⁇ m to 4.5 ⁇ m.
  • the helical radiation band shown in FIG. 1 consists of a carbon band 1 with a thickness of 0.15 mm and a width of 5 mm.
  • the ends of the carbon strip 1 are provided with metallic connection contacts 2 for the electrical connection.
  • the spiral formed by the carbon band 1 has a diameter of approx. 10 mm. The distance between adjacent turns is about 5 mm.
  • the carbon tape 1 is made of a carbon fiber resin composite material, the resin being removed in the course of the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 2 shows a tape winding device for the production of the helical carbon radiation tape according to FIG. 1.
  • the tape winding device comprises a shaft 4 rotatable about its longitudinal axis with a diameter of 10 mm, which continuously uses a carbon fiber resin in the form of a tape (not shown in the figure) -Composite material 3 is fed and wound on the outer surface of the shaft 4 in a spiral shape.
  • the band-shaped carbon fiber-resin composite material 3 is held under tension, as indicated by the direction arrow 8.
  • the carbon fiber-resin composite material 3 is partially heated by means of a hot air blower 5.
  • the nozzle 6 of the hot air blower 5 is directed in each case to that length section of the carbon fiber-resin composite material 3 that is being fed to the shaft 3.
  • the hot air blower 5 is mounted on a rail 7, which is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 4.
  • the hot air blower 5 can be displaced on the rail 7 parallel to the lateral surface of the shaft 4 by means of a motor (not shown in the figure), as the direction arrow 9 shows.
  • the band-shaped carbon fiber resin composite material 3 becomes at a speed of 2 U / min rotating shaft 4 fed continuously and wound up in a spiral shape.
  • the Spiral shape results from a continuous lateral shift of the winding area along the shaft 4, the speed of the displacement resulting from the speed of rotation and the circumference of the shaft 4 and the distance between adjacent turns from each other.
  • the desired helical shape is used of the band-shaped carbon fiber-resin composite material 3 or the carbon band 1 through a corresponding structuring of the lateral surface of the shaft 4 is supported.
  • the hot air blower 5 generates a temperature in the winding area at which the resin of the carbon fiber resin composite material 3 softens.
  • the temperature required for this depends from the embedding material used, which is in the resin used in the embodiment at about 300 ° C.
  • Direction and speed of movement of the hot air blower 5 the rail 7 along the shaft 4 and the displacement of the winding area for the band-shaped carbon fiber resin composite material 3 match. This ensures that the hot air blower 5 always only that length of the band-shaped carbon fiber resin composite material 3 heated, which is wound up immediately afterwards on the shaft 4.
  • the helical carbon band 1 according to FIG. 1 is distinguished by one elongated shape of the carbon band by a factor of 3 larger surface (at same length). This leads to an increase in radiation power, which is particularly noticeable clearly noticeable at low temperatures below 1000 ° C.
  • the helical one Carbon ribbon is therefore particularly suitable for producing an infrared radiator, in particular for a wavelength range from 1.5 to 4.5 ⁇ m.
  • an infrared radiator is described in more detail below.
  • the infrared heater is a medium-wave infrared radiator for wavelengths around 2.5 ⁇ m.
  • a quartz glass tube which is melted and evacuated on both sides by crushing is used as the cladding tube provided that encloses a helical carbon band.
  • the carbon band is in Figure 1 is shown and the process for its manufacturing process is above with reference to the figures 1 and 2 explained in more detail.
  • the carbon strap is provided with electrical connections that are led out through the bruises on both sides.
  • the infrared heater stands out characterized by high radiation power and low thermal inertia.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

To produce a spiral heating element, a ribbon of carbon fibers embedded in a thermoplastic resin material is heated to a softening temperature and wound round a mandrel. The spiral structure (1) is fixed in place by removal of the bedding mass, by heating it to the melting point in an atmosphere free of oxygen. Electrical contacts (2) are fitted to the ends of the spiral (1).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines wendelförmigen Heizelementes aus einem Carbonband, indem aus einem bandförmigen Ausgangsmaterials, das in einer thermoplastischen Einbettmasse Carbonfasern umfaßt, die Einbettmasse entfernt, das Carbonband in Form einer Wendel verformt, und die Enden der Wendel mit Kontaktmitteln für einen elektrischen Anschluß versehen werden. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines wendelförmigen Heizelementes mit einem Dorn, und mit einer Zuführvorrichtung für die Zuführung von länglichem Ausgangsmaterial zu dem Dorn, auf dessen Manteloberfläche das Ausgangsmaterial spiralförmig aufgewickelt wird.The invention relates to a method for producing a helical heating element a carbon band by making from a band-shaped starting material that is in a thermoplastic Investment carbon fibers, the investment removes the carbon tape deformed in the form of a coil, and the ends of the coil with contact means for an electrical Connection. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for production a helical heating element with a mandrel, and with a feed device for the supply of elongated starting material to the mandrel, on its surface the starting material is wound spirally.

Infrarotstrahler sind üblicherweise mit einer Heizwendel bestückt, die aus einem metallischen Heizdraht mit hohem elektrischen Widerstand besteht. Die Heizwendel wird durch plastische Verformung des metallischen Drahtes hergestellt, indem dieser auf einem Dorn in Form einer Spirale aufgewickelt und anschließend der Dorn entfernt wird. Die Enden der so hergestellten Spirale werden anschließend mit metallischen Kontaktteilen für den elektrischen Anschluß der Heizwendel versehen.Infrared heaters are usually equipped with a heating coil made of a metallic There is a heating wire with high electrical resistance. The heating coil is made of plastic Deformation of the metallic wire produced by this on a mandrel in the form of a Spiral wound and then the mandrel is removed. The ends of the so produced The coil is then made with metallic contact parts for the electrical connection of the Provide heating coil.

Bei einer bekannten Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer derartigen metallischen Heizwendel ist ein Dorn vorgesehen, dem der Heizdraht von einer Vorratsrolle kontinuierlich zugeführt, und auf dessen Mantelfläche in Spiralform aufgewickelt wird. Während des Aufwickelns wird entweder der Dorn in Richtung seiner Längsachse bewegt, oder die Zuführung des Drahtes wird entlang der Dorn-Längsachse verschoben. In a known device for producing such a metallic heating coil a mandrel is provided, to which the heating wire is fed continuously from a supply roll, and on its outer surface is wound in a spiral shape. During winding up, either the mandrel moves in the direction of its longitudinal axis, or the feeding of the wire becomes shifted along the longitudinal axis of the mandrel.

Ein Heizelement und ein Infrarotstrahler gemäß der eingangs genannten Gattung sind aus der DE-G 90 03 181 bekannt. Bei dem darin beschriebenen Infrarotstrahler ist innerhalb eines Hüllrohres eine auf einem Trägerrohr spiralig aufgewickelte Heizwendel vorgesehen, die mit Anschlußleitungen für den elektrischen Anschluß verbunden ist.A heating element and an infrared heater according to the type mentioned are from the DE-G 90 03 181 known. In the infrared heater described therein is within one Cladding tube provided a helically wound heating coil on a support tube, which with Connection lines for the electrical connection is connected.

Aus der GB-A 2 233 150 ist ein Infrarotstrahler bekannt, bei dem das Heizelement in Form eines Carbonbandes ausgebildet ist, das innerhalb eines beidseitig verschlossenen Quarzglasrohres angeordnet ist. Das Carbonband besteht aus einer Vielzahl parallel zueinander und in Form eines Bandes angeordneter Graphitfasern. Für den elektrischen Anschluß ist das Carbonband beidseitig mit metallischen Endkappen versehen. Üblicherweise werden die stirnseitigen Enden des Carbonbandes in diese Endkappen eingeklemmt. Die Kappen sind mit einem spiralig gebogenen Metalldraht verbunden, der wiederum an die durch die verschlossenen Stirnseiten des Hüllrohres ragende, elektrische Durchführung angreift.From GB-A 2 233 150 an infrared radiator is known in which the heating element is in the form of a Carbon tape is formed within a quartz glass tube closed on both sides is arranged. The carbon band consists of a large number of parallel to each other and in Form of a band of arranged graphite fibers. The carbon strap is for the electrical connection provided with metal end caps on both sides. Usually the front The ends of the carbon band are clamped in these end caps. The caps are with one spirally bent metal wire connected, which in turn to the closed by the On the front sides of the cladding tube, the electrical feed-through attacks.

Ein ähnlicher Infrarotstrahler ist in der DE-A1 44 19 285 beschrieben. Das Heizelement besteht bei diesem Infrarotstrahler aus einem mäanderförmig angeordneten Carbonband, das aus mehreren zusammenhängenden Teilabschnitten gebildet ist, wobei die Enden von jedem der Teilabschnitte auf Auflagen gehaltert sind.A similar infrared radiator is described in DE-A1 44 19 285. The heating element is there in this infrared heater made of a meandering carbon band, the is formed from several contiguous sections, the ends of each the sections are supported on supports.

Das Carbonband erlaubt schnelle Temperaturwechsel, so daß die bekannten Infrarot-Carbonstrahler sich durch hohe Reaktionsschnelligkeit auszeichnen. Allerdings geht gemäß dem Stefan-Boltzmann-Gesetz die Strahlungsleistung eines strahlenden Körpers mit abnehmender Temperatur erheblich zurück, so daß bei vergleichsweise niedrigen Temperaturen des Heizelementes, etwa unterhalb von 1000 °C, die Strahlungsleistung des bekannten Carbonbandes gering ist.The carbon band allows rapid temperature changes, so that the well-known infrared carbon emitters are characterized by high speed of reaction. However, according to the Stefan-Boltzmann law the radiation power of a radiating body with decreasing Temperature significantly back, so that at comparatively low temperatures of the heating element, about below 1000 ° C, the radiation power of the well-known carbon tape is low.

Das Carbonband besteht im Ausgangszustand aus einem Verbundmaterial. Eine Vielzahl feiner Kohlefasern ist in einer thermoplastischen Einbettmasse, wie beispielsweise einem Harz, mechanisch fixiert. Das Carbonband ist in diesem Zustand nur eingeschränkt plastisch verformbar, so daß das bekannte Verfahren und die bekannte Vorrichtung für die Herstellung eines spiralförmigen Heizelementes aus diesem Material nicht geeignet sind.In the initial state, the carbon band consists of a composite material. A lot of fine ones Carbon fiber is in a thermoplastic investment material, such as a resin, mechanically fixed. The carbon band is only plastically deformable to a limited extent in this state, so that the known method and the known device for producing a spiral heating element made of this material are not suitable.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines wedelförmigen Heizelementes aus einem Carbonfasern enthaltenden Material anzugeben. The invention is therefore based on the object of a method and an apparatus for the production a frond-shaped heating element made of a material containing carbon fibers specify.

Hinsichtlich des Herstellungsverfahrens für das Heizelement wird diese Aufgabe ausgehend von dem eingangs beschriebenen Verfahren erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß zum Verformen das Ausgangsmaterial auf eine Temperatur, bei der die Einbettmasse erweicht, erwärmt und dabei auf einem Dorn unter Bildung der Wendel aufgewickelt wird, und daß die Wendelform fixiert wird, indem Einbettmasse entfernt wird.With regard to the manufacturing process for the heating element, this task is based solved by the method described above according to the invention in that for deforming the starting material is heated to a temperature at which the investment material softens and is wound up on a mandrel to form the helix, and that the Helix shape is fixed by removing investment.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht die Herstellung wendelförmiger Heizelemente aus Carbonfasern enthaltendem Ausgangsmaterial. Infolge der Wendelform ist die Oberfläche des daraus hergestellten Heizelementes deutlich größer als die Oberfläche eines zylinderförmigen, gestreckten Heizelementes gleicher Länge. Die größere Oberfläche wiederum führt bei gegebener Temperatur zu einer höheren Strahlungsleistung des Heizelementes.The method according to the invention enables the production of helical heating elements Made of carbon fiber-containing raw material. Due to the spiral shape, the surface is the heating element made from it is significantly larger than the surface of a cylindrical, straight heating element of the same length. The larger surface in turn leads to given temperature to a higher radiant power of the heating element.

Das Ausgangsmaterial liegt zunächst in länglicher Form vor, beispielsweise als Faden oder Band. Durch das Erwärmen des Ausgangsmaterials auf eine Temperatur, bei der die Einbettmasse erweicht, wird eine plastische Verformbarkeit des Ausgangsmaterials erreicht. Im erwärmten Zustand wird das Ausgangsmaterial verformt, indem es spiralförmig auf den Dorn aufgewickelt wird. Die so erzeugte Wendelform wird anschließend fixiert. Dies wird durch ein vollständiges oder teilweises Entfernen der Einbettmasse erreicht, wodurch eine nachträgliche plastische Verformung des Heizelementes bei seinem bestimmungsgemäßen Einsatz in einem Infrarotstrahler vermieden oder vermindert wird. Beim vollständigen oder teilweise Entfernen der Einbettmase bleibt die Wendelform erhalten. Das Entfernen kann durch chemische Reaktion, beispielsweise durch Reaktion mit einem Lösungsmittel oder durch Verdampfen oder thermische Zersetzung erfolgen.The starting material is initially in an elongated form, for example as a thread or Tape. By heating the starting material to a temperature at which the investment material softened, a plastic deformability of the starting material is achieved. In the warmed up State the raw material is deformed by spiraling it onto the mandrel is wound up. The spiral shape created in this way is then fixed. This is through a complete or partial removal of the investment is achieved, which makes a subsequent plastic deformation of the heating element when used as intended in one Infrared radiator is avoided or reduced. When completely or partially removed the embedding phase retains the spiral shape. Removal can be by chemical reaction, for example by reaction with a solvent or by evaporation or thermal Decomposition take place.

In einer bevorzugten Verfahrensweise umfaßt das Entfernen von Einbettmasse ein Glühen der Wendel bei einer Temperatur und in einer Atmosphäre, bei der Einbettmasse in flüchtige Bestandteile überführt wird. Die Überführung in flüchtige Bestandteile geschieht durch Verdampfung oder Zersetzung von Einbettmasse oder durch Reaktion mit Bestandteilen der umgebenden Atmosphäre. Die flüchtigen Bestandteile können leicht entfernt werden.In a preferred procedure, removal of investment comprises annealing the Spiral at a temperature and in an atmosphere where the investment is volatile is transferred. The conversion into volatile components takes place by evaporation or decomposition of investment or by reaction with constituents of the surrounding The atmosphere. The volatile components can be easily removed.

Vorteilhafterweise erfolgt das Glühen unter Ausschluß von Sauerstoff, zum Beispiel in einem abgeschlossenen Reaktor, unter Inertgas oder in Vakuum. Dadurch wird eine Oxidation der Carbonfasern vermieden.The annealing is advantageously carried out in the absence of oxygen, for example in one closed reactor, under inert gas or in vacuum. This will cause oxidation of the Avoided carbon fibers.

Das Ausgangsmaterial kann entweder über seine gesamte Länge erwärmt werden oder abschnittsweise. Als günstig hat es sich erwiesen, das Ausgangsmaterial über seine Länge bereichsweise kontinuierlich zu erwärmen, wobei der jeweils erwärmte Längenbereich auf dem Dorn aufgewickelt wird. Das Aufwickeln des bandförmigen Ausgangsmaterials gestaltet sich besonders einfach, wenn der Dorn währenddessen um seine Längsachse rotiert.The starting material can either be heated over its entire length or in sections. It has proven to be favorable to use the starting material in some areas over its length to be heated continuously, the respectively heated length range on the Thorn is wound up. The winding of the band-shaped starting material turns out particularly easy if the mandrel rotates around its longitudinal axis.

Dabei kann auch der Dorn - über seine gesamte Länge oder abschnittsweise - auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Erweichungstemperatur der Einbettmasse erwärmt werden.The mandrel can also reach a temperature over its entire length or in sections be heated above the softening temperature of the investment.

Eine aus bandförmigem Ausgangsmaterial hergestellte Heizspirale zeichnet sich durch eine besonders große Oberfläche und damit einhergehend durch eine hohe Strahlungsleistung aus.A heating spiral made from a strip-shaped starting material is characterized by a particularly large surface area and the associated high radiation power out.

Im Hinblick hierauf hat sich der Einsatz von Bandmaterial besonders bewährt, das eine Dicke im Bereich zwischen 0,1 mm und 0,5 mm und eine Breite im Bereich zwischen 2 mm und 20 mm aufweist.In view of this, the use of strip material, which is a thickness, has proven particularly useful in the range between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm and a width in the range between 2 mm and 20 mm.

Hinsichtlich der Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens wird die oben angegebene Aufgabe ausgehend von der eingangs beschriebenen Vorrichtung erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß für die Herstellung eines wendelförmigen Heizelementes aus einem Ausgangsmaterial, das in einer thermoplastischen Einbettmasse eingebettete Carbonfasern umfaßt, eine auf das Ausgangsmaterial im Bereich der Manteloberfläche des Dorns einwirkende Heizeinrichtung vorgesehen ist, die auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Erweichungstemperatur der Einbettmasse einstellbar ist.With regard to the device for performing the method, the above-mentioned object based on the device described in the introduction, that for the manufacture of a helical heating element from a starting material, which comprises carbon fibers embedded in a thermoplastic investment, one the heating device acting in the area of the surface of the mandrel is provided, which is at a temperature above the softening temperature of the investment is adjustable.

Mittels der Heizeinrichtung wird das Ausgangsmaterial auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Erweichungstemperatur der Einbettmasse erwärmt. Dadurch, daß die Heizeinrichtung auf das Ausgangsmaterial im Bereich der Manteloberfläche des Dorns einwirkt, wird das Ausgangsmaterial jeweils in den dem Dorn zugeführten Längenbereichen so weit erweicht, daß es plastisch verformbar ist und auf der Manteflläche des Dorns spiralförmig aufgewickelt werden kann. Die Übertragung der Wärme von der Heizeinrichtung auf das Ausgangsmaterial kann durch Kontakt, Strahlung, Strömung oder Konvektion erfolgen. Das Heizelement kann unmittelbar auf das Ausgangsmaterial einwirken oder mittelbar durch Zwischenschaltung eines Übertragungsmittels. Wesentlich ist lediglich, daß die Heizeinrichtung auf das Ausgangsmaterial im Bereich der Manteloberfläche des Dorns einwirkt.The starting material is heated to a temperature above the softening temperature by means of the heating device the investment is heated. The fact that the heater on the Starting material acts in the area of the surface of the mandrel, the starting material each softened so far in the length ranges fed to the mandrel that it was plastic is deformable and can be wound spirally on the surface of the mandrel. The Transfer of heat from the heater to the starting material can be by contact, Radiation, flow or convection take place. The heating element can be turned on immediately act on the starting material or indirectly by interposing a transmission medium. It is only essential that the heating device on the starting material in the area acts on the surface of the mandrel.

Als günstig hat sich eine Vorrichtung erwiesen, bei der der Dorn um seine Längsachse rotierbar ist, und bei der die Heizeinrichtung relativ zum Dorn beweglich ist. Zum spiralförmigen Aufwickeln des Ausgangsmaterials auf dem rotierenden Dorn wird entweder der Dorn selbst in Richtung seiner Längsachse verschoben oder das Ausgangsmaterial wird mittels der Zuführvorrichtung kontinuierlich an der Dorn-Mantelfläche entlanggeführt. Im erstgenannten Fall können Heizeinrichtung und Zuführvorrichtung lokal feststehend ausgebildet sein, im letztgenannten Fall sind Heizeinrichtung und Zuführvorrichtung entlang der Dorn-Längsachse bewegbar ausgebildet. Durch die relative Verschiebbarkeit von Dorn und Heizeinrichtung wird eine gezielte, lokal begrenzte Erwärmung des Ausgangsmaterials erreicht.A device in which the mandrel rotates about its longitudinal axis has proven to be favorable and in which the heating device is movable relative to the mandrel. For spiral winding of the starting material on the rotating mandrel is either in the mandrel itself Moved in the direction of its longitudinal axis or the starting material is fed by means of the feed device continuously guided along the surface of the mandrel. In the former case the heating device and the feed device can be locally fixed, in the latter In this case, the heating device and feed device can be moved along the longitudinal axis of the mandrel educated. Due to the relative displaceability of mandrel and heating device, a targeted, localized heating of the starting material is achieved.

Besonders einfach und genau gestaltet sich das Erwärmen des Ausgangsmaterials mit einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, bei der die Heizeinrichtung mittels einer parallel zur Dorn-Längsachse verlaufenden Linearführung verschiebbar ist.Heating the starting material with a is particularly easy and precise Embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which the heating device by means of a is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel linear guide.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Zuführvorrichtung mit einem ersten Antrieb versehen, mittels dem sie in Richtung parallel zur Dorn-Längsachse bewegbar ist, wobei für die Verschiebung der Heizeinrichtung ein zweiter Antrieb vorgesehen ist, der mit dem ersten Antrieb elektrisch oder mechanisch gekoppelt ist. Durch die Kopplung der beiden Antriebe sind die Bewegungen von Heizvorrichtung und Zuführvorrichtung synchronisierbar, so daß eine exakte lokale Erwärmung des Ausgangsmaterials ermöglicht wird.The feed device is advantageously provided with a first drive by means of which it is movable in the direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel, with the displacement of the heating device a second drive is provided, which is electrically or mechanically connected to the first drive is coupled. By coupling the two drives, the movements of Heating device and feed device can be synchronized, so that an exact local heating of the starting material is made possible.

Besonders bewährt hat sich eine Heizeinrichtung, die ein Heißluftgebläse umfaßt.A heating device comprising a hot air blower has proven particularly useful.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung dafür kann ein wendelförmigen Heizelementes hergestellt werden, das aus einer Anordnung miteinander verbundener Carbonfasern besteht.With the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention therefor a helical heating element can be made from an arrangement with each other connected carbon fibers.

Bei gleicher Länge ist die Oberfläche des wendelförmigen Heizelementes deutlich größer als die Oberfläche des bekannten, gestreckt bandförmigen Heizelementes. Es kann eine Oberflächenvergrößerung um den Faktor drei erreicht werden. Die größere Oberfläche führt bei gegebener Temperatur zu einer vergleichsweise höheren Strahlungsleistung. Das Heizelement zeichnet sich daher sowohl durch geringe thermische Trägheit bei gleichzeitig hoher Strahlungsleistung aus, was sich insbesondere bei vergleichsweise niedrigen Temperaturen bemerkbar macht.With the same length, the surface of the helical heating element is significantly larger than the surface of the known, stretched band-shaped heating element. There may be an increase in surface area can be achieved by a factor of three. The larger surface area results in a given Temperature to a comparatively higher radiation output. The heating element is characterized by both low thermal inertia and high radiation power from what is particularly noticeable at comparatively low temperatures makes.

Für den Fall, daß das Ausgangsmaterial für die Herstellung des Heizelementes ein Verbundmaterial ist, das eine Vielzahl feiner Kohlefasern umfaßt, die in einer thermoplastischen Einbettmasse, wie beispielsweise einem Harz, mechanisch fixiert sind, wird das Ausgangsmaterial bevorzugt anhand des oben erläuterten, erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in Wendelform gebracht und fixiert.In the event that the starting material for the production of the heating element is a composite material is comprised of a plurality of fine carbon fibers, which are in a thermoplastic investment, such as a resin, are mechanically fixed, the raw material preferably brought into spiral form using the method according to the invention explained above and fixed.

Ein mit dem erfindungsgemäßen hergestelltes wendelförmiges Heizelement ist für einen Infrarotstrahler geeignet, der ein Gehäuse umfasst, das das mit elektrischen Anschlüssen versehene wendelförmige Heizelement umschließt, wie es oben beschrieben ist. Das wendelförmige Heizelement wird - vorzugsweise mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens - aus einem Carbonfasern enthaltenden Ausgangsstoff hergestellt. Ein derartiger Infrarotstrahler zeichnet sich durch eine hohe Strahlungsleistung insbesondere im Wellenlängenbereich von 1,5 µm bis 4,5 µm aus.A helical heating element produced with the invention is for an infrared radiator suitable, which includes a housing that with electrical connections provided helical heating element, as described above. The helical one Heating element is - preferably by means of the inventive method - from one Starting material containing carbon fibers. Such an infrared heater is characterized by a high radiation power especially in the wavelength range of 1.5 µm to 4.5 µm.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und einer Patentzeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen in schematischer Darstellung im einzelnen:

Figur 1:
ein erfindungsgemäß hergestelltes wendelförmiges Carbon-Strahlungsband für einen Infrarotstrahler und
Figur 2:
eine Bandwickelvorrichtung für die Herstellung eines wendelförmigen Carbon-Strahlungsbandes.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment and a patent drawing. In the drawing, a schematic representation shows in detail:
Figure 1:
a helical carbon radiation band produced according to the invention for an infrared radiator and
Figure 2:
a tape winding device for the production of a helical carbon radiation tape.

Das in Figur 1 dargestellte wendelförmige Strahlungsband besteht aus einem Carbonband 1 mit einer Dicke von 0,15 mm und einer Breite von 5 mm. Die Enden des Carbonbandes 1 sind mit metallischen Anschlußkontakten 2 für den elektrischen Anschluß versehen. Die vom Carbonband 1 geformte Wendel hat einen Durchmesser von ca. 10 mm. Der Abstand benachbarter Windungen beträgt etwa 5 mm. Das Carbonband 1 ist aus einem Kohlefaser-Harz-Verbundmaterial hergestellt, wobei das Harz im Verlaufe des Herstellungsverfahrens entfernt wird.The helical radiation band shown in FIG. 1 consists of a carbon band 1 with a thickness of 0.15 mm and a width of 5 mm. The ends of the carbon strip 1 are provided with metallic connection contacts 2 for the electrical connection. The spiral formed by the carbon band 1 has a diameter of approx. 10 mm. The distance between adjacent turns is about 5 mm. The carbon tape 1 is made of a carbon fiber resin composite material, the resin being removed in the course of the manufacturing process.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Bandwickelvorrichtung für die Herstellung des wendelförmigen Carbon-Strahlungsbandes gemäß Figur 1. Die Bandwickelvorrichtung umfaßt eine um ihre Längsachse rotierbare Welle 4 mit einem Durchmesser von 10 mm, der mittels einer (in der Figur nicht dargestellten) Zuführvorrichtung kontinuierlich bandförmiges Kohlefaser-Harz-Verbundmaterial 3 zugeführt und auf der Mantelfläche der Welle 4 in Spiralform aufgewickelt wird. Um ein flächiges Auflegen auf der Welle zu gewährleisten, wird das bandförmige Kohlefaser-Harz-Verbundmaterial 3 auf Zugspannung gehalten, wie dies der Richtungspfeil 8 andeutet. Beim Aufwickeln auf die Welle 4 wird das Kohlefaser-Harz-Verbundmaterial 3 mittels eines Heißluftgebläses 5 bereichsweise erhitzt. Hierzu ist die Düse 6 des Heißluftgebläses 5 jeweils auf denjenigen Längenabschnitt des Kohlefaser-Harz-Verbundmaterials 3 gerichtet, der der Welle 3 gerade zugeführt wird. Das Heißluftgebläse 5 ist auf einer Schiene 7 montiert, die parallel zur Längsachse der Welle 4 angeordnet ist. Auf der Schiene 7 ist das Heißluftgebläse 5 mittels eines (in der Figur nicht dargestellten) Motors parallel zur Mantelfläche der Welle 4 verschiebbar, wie dies der Richtungspfeil 9 zeigt. FIG. 2 shows a tape winding device for the production of the helical carbon radiation tape according to FIG. 1. The tape winding device comprises a shaft 4 rotatable about its longitudinal axis with a diameter of 10 mm, which continuously uses a carbon fiber resin in the form of a tape (not shown in the figure) -Composite material 3 is fed and wound on the outer surface of the shaft 4 in a spiral shape. In order to ensure a flat placement on the shaft, the band-shaped carbon fiber-resin composite material 3 is held under tension, as indicated by the direction arrow 8. When winding onto the shaft 4, the carbon fiber-resin composite material 3 is partially heated by means of a hot air blower 5. For this purpose, the nozzle 6 of the hot air blower 5 is directed in each case to that length section of the carbon fiber-resin composite material 3 that is being fed to the shaft 3. The hot air blower 5 is mounted on a rail 7, which is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 4. The hot air blower 5 can be displaced on the rail 7 parallel to the lateral surface of the shaft 4 by means of a motor (not shown in the figure), as the direction arrow 9 shows.

Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung eines wendelförmigen Heizelementes anhand der Figuren 1 und 2 näher beschrieben:The process according to the invention for producing a helical process is described below Heating element described with reference to Figures 1 and 2:

Das bandförmige Kohlefaser-Harz-Verbundmaterial 3 wird der mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 2 U/min rotierenden Welle 4 kontinuierlich zugeführt und darauf in Spiralform aufgewickelt. Die Wendelform ergibt durch eine kontinuierliche seitliche Verschiebung des Aufwickelbereiches entlang der Welle 4, wobei sich die Geschwindigkeit der Verschiebung aus der Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit und dem Umfang der Welle 4 und dem Abstand benachbarter Windungen voneinander ergibt. Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 2 wird die gewünschte Wendelform des des bandförmigen Kohlefaser-Harz-Verbundmaterials 3 bzw. des Carbonbandes 1 durch eine entsprechende Strukturierung der Mantelfläche der Welle 4 unterstützt. Das Heißluftgebläse 5 erzeugt im Aufwickelbereich eine Temperatur, bei der das Harz des Kohlefaser-Harz-Verbundmaterials 3 erweicht. Dies führt zu einer plastischen Verformbarkeit des Materials 3, die das Aufwickeln in Spiralform erst ermöglicht. Die hierzu erforderliche Temperatur hängt vom verwendeten Einbettmaterial ab, bei dem im Ausführungsbeispiel verwendeten Harz liegt sie bei ca. 300 °C. Richtung und Geschwindigkeit der Bewegung des Heißluftgebläses 5 auf der Schiene 7 entlang der Welle 4 und der Verschiebung des Aufwickelbereiches für das bandförmige Kohlefaser-Harz-Verbundmaterial 3 stimmen überein. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß das Heißluftgebläse 5 stets nur denjenigen Längenabschnitt des bandförmigen Kohlefaser-Harz-Verbundmaterials 3 erwärmt, der unmittelbar danach auf der Welle 4 aufgewickelt wird.The band-shaped carbon fiber resin composite material 3 becomes at a speed of 2 U / min rotating shaft 4 fed continuously and wound up in a spiral shape. The Spiral shape results from a continuous lateral shift of the winding area along the shaft 4, the speed of the displacement resulting from the speed of rotation and the circumference of the shaft 4 and the distance between adjacent turns from each other. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the desired helical shape is used of the band-shaped carbon fiber-resin composite material 3 or the carbon band 1 through a corresponding structuring of the lateral surface of the shaft 4 is supported. The hot air blower 5 generates a temperature in the winding area at which the resin of the carbon fiber resin composite material 3 softens. This leads to a plastic deformability of the material 3, which makes winding in a spiral possible. The temperature required for this depends from the embedding material used, which is in the resin used in the embodiment at about 300 ° C. Direction and speed of movement of the hot air blower 5 the rail 7 along the shaft 4 and the displacement of the winding area for the band-shaped carbon fiber resin composite material 3 match. This ensures that the hot air blower 5 always only that length of the band-shaped carbon fiber resin composite material 3 heated, which is wound up immediately afterwards on the shaft 4.

Nach dem Abkühlen des Kohlefaser-Harz-Verbundmaterials 3 auf der Welle 4 bleibt dessen wendelförmige Struktur erhalten. Zur endgültigen Fixierung wird die so hergestellte Wendel anschließend bei einer Temperatur von ca. 1000 °C in einer Stickstoffatmosphäre geglüht. Der überwiegende Teil des Einbettmaterials, in diesem Fall Harz, verdampft dabei oder zersetzt sich in gasförmige Bestandteile, wobei aber die wendelförmige Anordnung der Carbonfasern erhalten bleibt, so daß nach dem Glühen das in Figur 1 dargestellte wendelförmige Carbonband 1 vorliegt.After the carbon fiber / resin composite material 3 has cooled on the shaft 4, it remains preserved helical structure. The spiral produced in this way is used for final fixation then annealed at a temperature of about 1000 ° C in a nitrogen atmosphere. The Most of the embedding material, in this case resin, evaporates or decomposes into gaseous components, but with the helical arrangement of the carbon fibers is retained so that after annealing the helical carbon strip shown in Figure 1 1 is present.

Das wendelförmige Carbonband 1 gemäß Figur 1 zeichnet sich durch eine gegenüber einer langgestreckten Form des Carbonbandes um etwa den Faktor 3 größere Oberfläche aus (bei gleicher Länge). Dies führt zu einer Erhöhung der Strahlungsleistung, was sich insbesondere bei niedrigen Temperaturen unterhalb von 1000 °C deutlich bemerkbar macht. Das wendelförmige Carbonband ist daher besonders geeignet zur Herstellung eines Infrarotstrahlers, insbesondere für einen Wellenlängenbereich von 1,5 bis 4,5 µm. The helical carbon band 1 according to FIG. 1 is distinguished by one elongated shape of the carbon band by a factor of 3 larger surface (at same length). This leads to an increase in radiation power, which is particularly noticeable clearly noticeable at low temperatures below 1000 ° C. The helical one Carbon ribbon is therefore particularly suitable for producing an infrared radiator, in particular for a wavelength range from 1.5 to 4.5 µm.

Nachfolgend wird eine Ausführung eines Infrarotstrahlers näher beschrieben. Bei dem Infrarotstrahler handelt es sich um einen mittelwelligen Infarotstrahler für Wellenlängen um 2,5 µm. Als Hüllrohr ist ein beidseitig durch Quetschungen zugeschmolzenes und evakuiertes Quarzglasrohr vorgesehen, das ein wendelförmiges Carbonband umschließt. Das Carbonband ist in Figur 1 dargestellt und das Verfahren für seine Herstellungsverfahren ist oben anhand der Figuren 1 und 2 näher erläutert. Das Carbonband ist mit elektrischen Anschlüssen versehen, die über die beidseitigen Quetschungen herausgeführt sind. Der Infrarotstrahler zeichnet sich durch hohe Strahlungsleistung und geringe thermische Trägheit aus.An embodiment of an infrared radiator is described in more detail below. With the infrared heater is a medium-wave infrared radiator for wavelengths around 2.5 µm. A quartz glass tube which is melted and evacuated on both sides by crushing is used as the cladding tube provided that encloses a helical carbon band. The carbon band is in Figure 1 is shown and the process for its manufacturing process is above with reference to the figures 1 and 2 explained in more detail. The carbon strap is provided with electrical connections that are led out through the bruises on both sides. The infrared heater stands out characterized by high radiation power and low thermal inertia.

Claims (12)

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines wendelförmigen Heizelementes aus einem Carbonband, indem aus einem bandförmigen Ausgangsmaterial, das in einer thermoplastischen Einbettmasse eingebettete Carbonfasern umfaßt, die Einbettmasse entfernt, das Carbonband in Form einer Wendel verformt, und die Enden der Wendel mit Kontaktmitteln für einen elektrischen Anschluß versehen werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Verformen das Ausgangsmaterials auf eine Temperatur, bei der die Einbettmasse erweicht, erwärmt und dabei auf einem Dorn unter Bildung der Wendel aufgewickelt wird, und daß die Wendelform fixiert wird, indem Einbettmasse entfernt wird.Process for producing a helical heating element from a carbon band, by using a tape-shaped starting material that is in a thermoplastic investment embedded carbon fibers, the investment removed, the carbon tape deformed in the form of a helix, and the ends of the helix with contact means for be provided with an electrical connection, characterized in that for deforming the starting material to a temperature at which the investment material softens, heated and wound on a mandrel to form the coil, and that the helix shape is fixed by removing investment material. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Entfernen von Einbettmasse ein Glühen der Wendel bei einer Temperatur und in einer Atmosphäre, bei der Einbettmasse in flüchtige Bestandteile überführt wird, umfaßt.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the removal of investment material a glow of the filament at a temperature and in an atmosphere where Investment is converted into volatile constituents. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Glühen unter Ausschluß von Sauerstoff erfolgt.A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the annealing under exclusion of oxygen. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ausgangsmaterial über seine Länge bereichsweise kontinuierlich erwärmt und der jeweils erwärmte Längenbereich auf dem Dorn aufgewickelt wird. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the starting material is continuously heated in places over its length and the each heated length range is wound on the mandrel. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dorn auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Erweichungstemperatur der Einbettmasse erwärmt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mandrel to a temperature above the softening temperature of the investment is heated. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dorn um seine Längsachse rotiert.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mandrel rotates about its longitudinal axis. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Band eine Dicke im Bereich zwischen 0,1 mm und 0,5 mm und eine Breite im Bereich zwischen 2 mm und 20 mm aufweist.A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the band has a thickness in the range between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm and a width in the range between 2 mm and 20 mm. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, mit einem Dorn (4), und mit einer Zuführvorrichtung für die Zuführung von länglichem Ausgangsmaterial (3) zu dem Dorn (4), auf dessen Manteloberfläche das Ausgangsmaterial (3) spiralförmig aufgewickelt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die Herstellung eines wendelförmigen Heizelementes aus einem bandförmigen Ausgangsmaterial (3), das in einer thermoplastischen Einbettmasse eingebettete Carbonfasern umfaßt, eine auf das Ausgangsmaterial (3) im Bereich der Manteloberfläche des Dorns (4) einwirkende Heizeinrichtung (5) vorgesehen ist, die auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Erweichungstemperatur der Einbettmasse einstellbar ist.Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 7, with a Mandrel (4), and with a feed device for feeding elongated starting material (3) to the mandrel (4), on the outer surface of which the starting material (3) is wound spirally, characterized in that for the production of a helical heating element made of a band-shaped starting material (3), which in a thermoplastic investment comprises embedded carbon fibers, one on the Starting material (3) in the area of the surface of the mandrel (4) acting heating device (5) is provided, which is at a temperature above the softening temperature the investment is adjustable. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dorn (4) um seine Längsachse rotierbar ist, und daß die Heizeinrichtung (5) relativ zum Dorn (4) beweglich ist.Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the mandrel (4) around its Longitudinal axis is rotatable, and that the heating device (5) is movable relative to the mandrel (4) is. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizeinrichtung (5) auf einer parallel zur Dorn-Längsachse verlaufenden Linearführung (7) verschiebbar ist.Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the heating device (5) a linear guide (7) running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel is displaceable. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zuführvorrichtung mit einem ersten Antrieb versehen ist, mittels dem sie in Richtung (9) parallel zur Dorn-Längsachse bewegbar ist, und daß für die Verschiebung der Heizeinrichtung (5) ein zweiter Antrieb vorgesehen ist, der mit dem ersten Antrieb elektrisch oder mechanisch gekoppelt ist.Apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the feed device is provided with a first drive by means of which it is parallel to the direction (9) Mandrel longitudinal axis is movable, and that for the displacement of the heating device (5) a second drive is provided, which is electrically or mechanically connected to the first drive is coupled. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizeinrichtung (5) ein Heißluftgebläse umfaßt.Device according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the heating device (5) includes a hot air blower.
EP99116390A 1998-08-29 1999-08-20 Method and device for manufacturing a helical heating device from a carbon strip Expired - Lifetime EP0987923B1 (en)

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EP1168418A1 (en) * 2000-06-21 2002-01-02 Heraeus Noblelight GmbH Infrared radiator

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US6464918B1 (en) 2002-10-15
ATE202258T1 (en) 2001-06-15
DE59900118D1 (en) 2001-07-19
EP0987923B1 (en) 2001-06-13
DE19839457A1 (en) 2000-03-09
ES2158717T3 (en) 2001-09-01
JP2000077166A (en) 2000-03-14

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