EP0985435B1 - Surf board with wheels - Google Patents
Surf board with wheels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0985435B1 EP0985435B1 EP99116042A EP99116042A EP0985435B1 EP 0985435 B1 EP0985435 B1 EP 0985435B1 EP 99116042 A EP99116042 A EP 99116042A EP 99116042 A EP99116042 A EP 99116042A EP 0985435 B1 EP0985435 B1 EP 0985435B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ball
- roll
- deck
- surfer
- control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/004—Roller skates; Skate-boards with auxiliary wheels not contacting the riding surface during steady riding
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/01—Skateboards
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/04—Roller skates; Skate-boards with wheels arranged otherwise than in two pairs
- A63C17/06—Roller skates; Skate-boards with wheels arranged otherwise than in two pairs single-track type
- A63C17/08—Roller skates; Skate-boards with wheels arranged otherwise than in two pairs single-track type single-wheel type with single axis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/22—Wheels for roller skates
- A63C17/24—Wheels for roller skates with ball-shaped or spherical running surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a further development of a skateboard. It should, in the Contrary to the skateboard, a movement solely by balanced movements the user carried out without an inclined plane or a swing recovery with the help a targeted ground contact of a foot, similar to a child scooter, is necessary.
- skateboard in the following called Rollsurfer, has a stand board with a substantially centrally mounted ball bearing ring and a bearing ball mounted in the ball bearing ring.
- skateboard From US 5,409,265 is already a skateboard with two arranged on the longitudinal axis support balls shown.
- the skateboard has two control balls arranged outside the longitudinal axis are.
- the present invention is therefore an object of the invention to develop a Rollsurfer, the has improved steering characteristics.
- a steering device the longitudinal axis of the floorboard is arranged. This makes targeted steering possible.
- a steering device or steering assistance for example, from one at the edge of the stand board mounted down-facing pin, which during movement at Need is brought into contact with the ground, so that a change of direction takes place.
- a kind of wind sail can be provided, which wind and / or course used wind for steering.
- the steering device of the Rollsurfers consists of an off-center Control roll or control ball attached to the stand board. This is a simpler Handling of the steering device guaranteed. A change of direction is similar to the one already described steering pin thereby possible that the control roller or control ball targeted touched the ground.
- This steering device has the advantage over the steering pin in particular, that good steering characteristics are usually achieved even when the steering device with great force touches the ground.
- the Steering device is mounted so that they except for horizontal alignment of the stand Function is. Since each steering device engages in the movement of the Rollsurfers is so always associated with increased friction and / or increased wind resistance. But this is up straight line is not desired, it is advantageous if the steering device then out of action is.
- control ball or control roller is suspended in such a way that they are horizontal Orientation of the stand does not touch the ground.
- the standboard a substantially has elongated shape.
- the steering device or the control roller or control ball is then preferred mounted in the direction of the longitudinal axis as far outside as possible on the stand board.
- the steering characteristics due to the large distance between the ball bearing ball and the Steering device, further improved.
- the narrow side of the Standboard also narrow roads, especially in oncoming traffic to drive.
- a particular embodiment of the Rollsurfers provides that the ball bearing ring stored in such a way is that a ball inserted into the ball bearing support ball partially through an opening in the Stand board protrudes. This makes it possible to brake the Rollsurfer very effective. It has to only one foot at the point to be placed on the stand board, where the inserted support ball partially protrudes through an opening in the standboard. The frictional force between the foot and the supporting ball then slows the Rollsurfer. This is especially when using the Rollsurfers in traffic an advantage, as it often depends on fast braking. This is what this is Embodiment of the Rollsurfers the known Inlineskatem clearly superior.
- the support balls are placed in the ball bearing rings, are made of an elastic material. Thereby It is possible to perform acrobatic feats with the Rollsurfer, as now a detachment of the Stand board and / or the elastic support ball from the ground is easily possible.
- the Rollsurfer a stand board 1, in which a ball bearing ring 2 is stored.
- the stand board 1 lies with the ball bearing ring 2 on a support ball. 3 on.
- On the outside of the stand a control ball 4 is mounted.
- the control ball 4 is not touched the ground.
- the ball bearing ring is loose on the support ball on.
- FIG. 2 shows a bottom view of the roller skier.
- the Ball bearing ring 2 consists in the embodiment shown here of 14 balls. It but it is understood that the number of balls can be varied. By choosing one Ball bearing wreath with many balls, although the movement of the support ball is quiet and even, but at the same time the friction between the ball and ball bearing ring is also elevated. It must therefore be a compromise between uniform, depending on the application Rolling properties and low friction can be found.
- the standboard 1 has an elongated shape similar to a surfboard.
- the control roller 4 is in Longitudinally attached to the outside of the board. This ensures that the Rollsurfer has excellent steering characteristics.
Landscapes
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Rollers For Roller Conveyors For Transfer (AREA)
- Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Weiterentwicklung eines Skateboards. Dabei soll, im Gegensatz zum Skateboard, eine Fortbewegung allein durch ausbalancierte Bewegungen des Benutzers erfolgen, ohne daß eine schiefe Ebene bzw. ein Schwungholen mit Hilfe eines gezielten Bodenkontaktes eines Fußes, ähnlich wie es bei einem Kinderroller erfolgt, nötig ist.The present invention relates to a further development of a skateboard. It should, in the Contrary to the skateboard, a movement solely by balanced movements the user carried out without an inclined plane or a swing recovery with the help a targeted ground contact of a foot, similar to a child scooter, is necessary.
Die hier beschriebene Weiterentwicklung des Skateboards, im folgenden Rollsurfer genannt, weist ein Standbrett mit einem im wesentlichen mittig gelagerten Kugellagerkranz auf und eine in dem Kugellagerkranz gelagerte Tragkugel. The further development of the skateboard described here, in the following called Rollsurfer, has a stand board with a substantially centrally mounted ball bearing ring and a bearing ball mounted in the ball bearing ring.
Bei diesem Rollsurfer wird das Standbrett nur durch Ausbalancierung gehalten und bewegt. Während des Gebrauchs befinden sich beide Füße immer auf dem Standbrett.In this Rollsurfer the standboard is held and moved only by balancing. While In use, both feet are always on the stand board.
Ein solcher Rollsurfer ist bereits aus dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster DE 296 15 322 U1 bekannt.Such a Rollsurfer is already known from German Utility Model DE 296 15 322 U1.
Es hat sich jedoch bei diesem Rollsurfer gezeigt, daß er beim bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch und insbesondere beim schnellen Fortbewegen nur schlechte Lenkeigenschaften besitzt.However, it has been shown in this Rollsurfer that he in the intended use and especially when fast moving has only poor steering properties.
Aus der US 5,409,265 ist bereits ein Skateboard mit zwei auf der Längsachse angeordneten Tragkugeln gezeigt. Das Skateboard hat zwei Steuerkugeln, die außerhalb der Längsachse angeordnet sind.From US 5,409,265 is already a skateboard with two arranged on the longitudinal axis support balls shown. The skateboard has two control balls arranged outside the longitudinal axis are.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Rollsurfer zu entwickeln, der verbesserte Lenkeigenschaften aufweist.The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to develop a Rollsurfer, the has improved steering characteristics.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die vorliegende Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß eine Lenkeinrichtung auf der Längsachse des Standbretts angeordnet ist. Dadurch ist ein gezieltes Lenken möglich. Solch eine Lenkeinrichtung bzw. Lenkunterstützung kann beispielsweise aus einem am Rand des Standbrettes angebrachten nach unten weisenden Zapfen bestehen, der während der Fortbewegung bei Bedarf mit dem Boden in Berührung gebracht wird, so daß eine Richtungsänderung stattfindet. Alternativ dazu kann auch eine Art Windsegel vorgesehen werden, welches Fahrtwind und/oder natürlich vorhandenen Wind zum Lenken benutzt.This object is achieved by the present invention in that a steering device the longitudinal axis of the floorboard is arranged. This makes targeted steering possible. Such a steering device or steering assistance, for example, from one at the edge of the stand board mounted down-facing pin, which during movement at Need is brought into contact with the ground, so that a change of direction takes place. alternative For this purpose, a kind of wind sail can be provided, which wind and / or course used wind for steering.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform besteht die Lenkeinrichtung des Rollsurfers aus einer außermittig am Standbrett angebrachten Steuerrolle oder Steuerkugel. Dadurch ist eine einfachere Handhabung der Lenkeinrichtung gewährleistet. Eine Richtungsänderung ist ähnlich wie bei dem bereits beschriebenen Lenkzapfen dadurch möglich, daß die Steuerrolle oder Steuerkugel gezielt den Boden berührt. Diese Lenkeinrichtung hat insbesondere gegenüber dem Lenkzapfen den Vorteil, daß in der Regel gute Lenkeigenschaften auch dann erreicht werden, wenn die Lenkeinrichtung mit großer Kraft den Boden berührt.In a preferred embodiment, the steering device of the Rollsurfers consists of an off-center Control roll or control ball attached to the stand board. This is a simpler Handling of the steering device guaranteed. A change of direction is similar to the one already described steering pin thereby possible that the control roller or control ball targeted touched the ground. This steering device has the advantage over the steering pin in particular, that good steering characteristics are usually achieved even when the steering device with great force touches the ground.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Lenkeigenschaften dieses Rollsurfers noch weiter verbessert werden können, wenn die Lenkeinrichtung aus einer außermittig am Standbrett angebrachten Steuerkugel besteht, die ihrerseits kugelgelagert ist. Dadurch, daß die Steuerkugel in allen Richtungen drehbar gelagert ist, kann nun mit Hilfe der auf die Steuerkugel aufgebrachten Kraft bestimmt werden, wie stark gelenkt werden soll. It has been found that the steering properties of this Rollsurfers be further improved can, if the steering device from an off-center mounted on the board control ball exists, which in turn is ball-bearing. Characterized in that the control ball rotatable in all directions is stored, can now be determined by means of the force applied to the control ball, such as should be steered strongly.
Um die bestimmungsgemäße Fortbewegung nicht zu beeinträchtigen, ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Lenkeinrichtung derart montiert ist, daß sie bei waagerechter Ausrichtung des Standbrettes außer Funktion ist. Da jede Lenkeinrichtung in den Bewegungsablauf des Rollsurfers eingreift, ist damit immer eine erhöhte Reibung und/oder ein erhöhter Windwiderstand verbunden. Da dies aber auf gerader Strecke nicht gewünscht ist, ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Lenkeinrichtung dann außer Funktion ist.In order not to impair the intended locomotion, it is advantageous if the Steering device is mounted so that they except for horizontal alignment of the stand Function is. Since each steering device engages in the movement of the Rollsurfers is so always associated with increased friction and / or increased wind resistance. But this is up straight line is not desired, it is advantageous if the steering device then out of action is.
Besteht die Lenkeinrichtung aus einer Steuerkugel oder Steuerrolle, dann ist dies vorzugsweise dadurch erreichbar, daß Steuerkugel oder Steuerrolle derart aufgehängt ist, daß sie bei waagerechter Ausrichtung des Standbrettes nicht den Boden berührt.If the steering device consists of a control ball or control roller, this is preferably achievable that control ball or control roller is suspended in such a way that they are horizontal Orientation of the stand does not touch the ground.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des Rollsurfers sieht vor, daß das Standbrett eine im wesentlichen längliche Form hat. Die Lenkeinrichtung bzw. die Steuerrolle oder Steuerkugel ist dann bevorzugt in Richtung der Längsachse möglichst außen am Standbrett montiert. Dadurch sind die Lenkeigenschaften, aufgrund des großen Abstandes zwischen der kugelgelagerten Tragkugel und der Lenkeinrichtung, weiter verbessert. Und zum anderen ist es möglich, mit der Schmalseite des Standbrettes auch enge Wege, insbesondere bei Gegenverkehr, zu befahren.An advantageous embodiment of the Rollsurfers provides that the standboard a substantially has elongated shape. The steering device or the control roller or control ball is then preferred mounted in the direction of the longitudinal axis as far outside as possible on the stand board. As a result, the steering characteristics, due to the large distance between the ball bearing ball and the Steering device, further improved. And secondly, it is possible with the narrow side of the Standboard also narrow roads, especially in oncoming traffic to drive.
Für den Fall, daß besonders enge Kurven mit dem Rollsurfer gefahren werden sollen, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das zur Drehung der Steuerkugel oder Steuerrolle notwendige Drehmoment größer ist als das zur Drehung der Tragkugel notwendige Drehmoment. Zwar wird durch die schwer gängige Steuerkugel oder Steuerrolle die Fortbewegung des Rollsurfers während des Lenkens gebremst, es kann jedoch sehr effektiv gelenkt werden.In the event that particularly tight turns to be driven with the Rollsurfer, it is advantageous when the torque required to rotate the control ball or control roller is greater than the torque required to rotate the support ball. Although is difficult by the common Control ball or control roller slowed the locomotion of the Rollsurfers during steering, it but can be steered very effectively.
Eine besondere Ausführungsform des Rollsurfers sieht vor, daß der Kugellagerkranz derart eingelagert ist, daß eine in den Kugellagerkranz eingelegte Tragkugel teilweise durch eine Öffnung in dem Standbrett hervorragt. Dadurch ist es möglich, den Rollsurfer sehr effektiv zu bremsen. Es muß dazu nur ein Fuß an dem Punkt auf das Standbrett gesetzt werden, an dem die eingelegte Tragkugel teilweise durch eine Öffnung in dem Standbrett hervorragt. Die Reibungskraft zwischen Fuß und Tragkugel bremst dann den Rollsurfer. Dies ist insbesondere bei Verwendung des Rollsurfers im Straßenverkehr von Vorteil, da es hier sehr oft auf ein schnelles Bremsen ankommt. Dadurch ist diese Ausführungsform des Rollsurfers den bekannten Inlineskatem deutlich überlegen.A particular embodiment of the Rollsurfers provides that the ball bearing ring stored in such a way is that a ball inserted into the ball bearing support ball partially through an opening in the Stand board protrudes. This makes it possible to brake the Rollsurfer very effective. It has to only one foot at the point to be placed on the stand board, where the inserted support ball partially protrudes through an opening in the standboard. The frictional force between the foot and the supporting ball then slows the Rollsurfer. This is especially when using the Rollsurfers in traffic an advantage, as it often depends on fast braking. This is what this is Embodiment of the Rollsurfers the known Inlineskatem clearly superior.
Es kann für manche Anwendung überdies von Vorteil sein, wenn die Tragkugeln, die jeweils in einen Kugellagerkranz eingelegt werden, mit einem elastischen Material beschichtet sind. Dies hat zum einen für Dritte den Vorteil, daß die Geräuschbelastung, die bei Reibung von Metall auf Metall nicht unerheblich sein kann, deutlich reduziert wird und zum anderen bei häufigem Gebrauch des Rollsurfers eine Schonung der Knie- und Sprunggelenke auftritt. It may also be advantageous for some applications, if the carrying balls, each in a Ball bearing ring are inserted, coated with an elastic material. This has to a third for the advantage that the noise level, which does not rub against metal on metal can be negligible, is significantly reduced and on the other with frequent use of the Rollsurfers a protection of the knee and ankle joints occurs.
Für besonders geübte Benutzer des Rollsurfers kann es von Vorteil sein, wenn die Tragkugeln, die in die Kugellagerkränze eingelegt werden, aus einem elastischen Material hergestellt sind. Dadurch ist es möglich, mit dem Rollsurfer akrobatische Kunststücke durchzuführen, da nun ein Ablösen des Standbrettes und/oder der elastischen Tragkugel vom Boden leicht möglich ist. For particularly experienced users of Rollsurfers, it may be advantageous if the support balls, the are placed in the ball bearing rings, are made of an elastic material. Thereby It is possible to perform acrobatic feats with the Rollsurfer, as now a detachment of the Stand board and / or the elastic support ball from the ground is easily possible.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten werden deutlich anhand der Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform und den dazugehörigen Figuren. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- einen Längsschnitt des Rollsurfers und
Figur 2- eine Unteransicht des Rollsurfers.
- FIG. 1
- a longitudinal section of the Rollsurfers and
- FIG. 2
- a bottom view of the Rollsurfers.
Wie in Figur 1 zu sehen, weist der Rollsurfer ein Standbrett 1 auf, in das ein Kugellagerkranz
2 eingelagert ist. Das Standbrett 1 liegt mit dem Kugellagerkranz 2 auf einer Tragkugel 3
auf. An der Außenseite des Standbrettes ist eine Steuerkugel 4 montiert. Deutlich zu
erkennen ist, daß bei waagerechter Ausrichtung des Standbrettes 1 die Steuerkugel 4 nicht
den Boden berührt.As can be seen in Figure 1, the Rollsurfer a stand board 1, in which a ball bearing
Bei der hier gezeigten Ausführungsform liegt der Kugellagerkranz lose auf der Tragkugel auf. Selbstverständlich ist es aber auch möglich, eine Halteeinrichtung vorzusehen, so daß die Tragkugel beim Anheben des Standbrettes, z. B. beim Transport, nicht aus dem Kugellagerkranz fallen kann.In the embodiment shown here, the ball bearing ring is loose on the support ball on. Of course, it is also possible to provide a holding device, so that the support ball when lifting the stand, z. B. during transport, not from the Ball bearing ring can fall.
In Figur 2 ist eine Unteransicht des Rollsurfers gezeigt. Deutlich zu erkennen ist hier der
Kugellagerkranz 2. Er besteht in der hier gezeigten Ausführungsform aus 14 Kugeln. Es
versteht sich aber, daß die Anzahl der Kugeln variiert werden kann. Durch die Wahl eines
Kugellagerkranzes mit vielen Kugeln wird zwar die Bewegung der Tragkugel ruhiger und
gleichmäßig, zugleich wird aber auch die Reibung zwischen Tragkugel und Kugellagerkranz
erhöht. Es muß daher je nach Anwendungsfall ein Kompromiß zwischen gleichmäßigen
Rolleigenschaften und geringer Reibung gefunden werden.FIG. 2 shows a bottom view of the roller skier. Clearly visible here is the
Ball bearing
Das Standbrett 1 hat eine längliche Form ähnlich einem Surfbrett. Die Steuerrolle 4 ist in
Längsrichtung am Außenbereich des Brettes angebracht. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß der
Rollsurfer hervorragende Lenkeigenschaften aufweist.The standboard 1 has an elongated shape similar to a surfboard. The
Claims (10)
- A roll surfer comprising a deck (1), wherein the deck (1) has just one ball bearing ring (2) which is mounted substantially centrally, and a support ball (3) which is mounted in the ball bearing ring (2), characterised in that the roll surfer has a steering device which is arranged on the longitudinal axis of the deck.
- A roll surfer according to claim 1 characterised in that the steering device comprises a control roller or control ball (4) mounted eccentrically on the deck (1).
- A roll surfer according to claim 2 characterised in that the steering device comprises a control ball (4) which is mounted eccentrically on the deck (1) and which is ball-supported.
- A roll surfer according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the steering device is mounted in such a way that it is out of operation when the deck (1) is oriented horizontally.
- A roll surfer according to claim 2 or claim 3 characterised in that the control ball (4) or control roller is suspended in such a way that it is not in contact with the ground when the deck (1) is oriented horizontally.
- A roll surfer according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterised in that the deck (1) is of a substantially elongate shape.
- A roll surfer according to one of claims 2 to 6 characterised in that the torque necessary to rotate the control ball (4) or control roller is greater than the torque necessary to rotate the support ball (3).
- A roll surfer according to one of claims 1 to 7 characterised in that the ball bearing ring (2) is fitted in such a way that a support ball (3) inserted in the ball bearing ring (2) projects partly through an opening in the deck (1).
- A roll surfer according to one of claims 1 to 8 characterised in that the support ball (3) is coated with an elastic material.
- A roll surfer according to one of claims 1 to 8 characterised in that the support ball (3) is made from an elastic material.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19837287 | 1998-08-18 | ||
| DE19837287 | 1998-08-18 | ||
| DE19933065A DE19933065A1 (en) | 1998-08-18 | 1999-07-15 | Roller-surfer board has stand board with ball bearing ring for support ball, steering roller/ball |
| DE19933065 | 1999-07-15 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0985435A1 EP0985435A1 (en) | 2000-03-15 |
| EP0985435B1 true EP0985435B1 (en) | 2005-01-12 |
Family
ID=26048213
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99116042A Expired - Lifetime EP0985435B1 (en) | 1998-08-18 | 1999-08-16 | Surf board with wheels |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0985435B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE286770T1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109350954A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-02-19 | 徐州蓝湖信息科技有限公司 | Wobble-plate pedal |
| CN109568921B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2024-04-16 | 徐州蓝湖信息科技有限公司 | Swinging plate |
| DE102022129853A1 (en) | 2022-11-11 | 2024-05-16 | Innovated Transport Systems Ug (Haftungsbeschränkt) | Vehicle for a driver with a ball rolling on a floor |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2160831A (en) * | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-02 | David Henry Johnston | Landsailing craft |
| SE9003174L (en) * | 1990-10-04 | 1992-04-05 | Bengt Ekstrand | KULSKRIDSKO |
| WO1995009755A1 (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1995-04-13 | Darryl Ugo Jennings | Sail board |
| US5409265A (en) * | 1994-01-12 | 1995-04-25 | Douglass; Sharon | Skateboard with ball rollers |
| DE29615322U1 (en) * | 1996-09-03 | 1997-01-16 | Breckheimer, Berthold, 65439 Flörsheim | Rollsurfer |
-
1999
- 1999-08-16 EP EP99116042A patent/EP0985435B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-16 AT AT99116042T patent/ATE286770T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE286770T1 (en) | 2005-01-15 |
| EP0985435A1 (en) | 2000-03-15 |
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