EP0984935A1 - Procede de fabrication de thiopyridines substituees - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication de thiopyridines substituees

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Publication number
EP0984935A1
EP0984935A1 EP98929326A EP98929326A EP0984935A1 EP 0984935 A1 EP0984935 A1 EP 0984935A1 EP 98929326 A EP98929326 A EP 98929326A EP 98929326 A EP98929326 A EP 98929326A EP 0984935 A1 EP0984935 A1 EP 0984935A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alkyl
halogen
substituted
phenyl
cyano
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98929326A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Hamprecht
Markus Menges
Olaf Menke
Robert Reinhard
Peter Schäfer
Cyrill Zagar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP0984935A1 publication Critical patent/EP0984935A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/62—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D213/70—Sulfur atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B45/00—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing sulfur
    • C07B45/06—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing sulfur of mercapto or sulfide groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/62—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D213/70—Sulfur atoms
    • C07D213/71—Sulfur atoms to which a second hetero atom is attached

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the preparation of thiopyridines of the general formula I.
  • n 0, 1 or 2
  • R - * -, R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are the same or different and are for
  • R 5 is an unsubstituted or halogen radical
  • R 6 , R 7 , R 8 are identical or different from one another and
  • the thiopyridines I are important intermediates for the production of crop protection agents having a herbicidal action, as are known from WO-A-95/02580.
  • EP-A 320448 describes the reaction of a 2 -halogenopyridine with anilines without adding base to the corresponding 2 -arylaminopyridine in 11 or 37% yield. It is also mentioned in the same document that in addition to anilines, thiophenols can also be used. However, EP-A 320 448 does not list a specific exemplary embodiment which describes the reaction of a 2 -halopyridine with a thiophenol.
  • the object of the present invention was to find a simple and inexpensive process for the preparation of thiopyridine derivatives which, in turn, are suitable as a coupling component for the preparation of substituted phenylpyridines, as are described in WO-A-95/02580.
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 have the abovementioned meaning and Hai is fluorine, chlorine or bromine, in a first step with a thio compound of the formula III
  • R 5 has the abovementioned meaning in the presence of a copper catalyst first converted to a pyridine thioether of the formula Ia and then stepwise to the sulfoxide Ib or sulfone Ic
  • the process according to the invention provides the pyridine thioethers of the formula Ia in a surprisingly high yield.
  • the purity of the formed pyrid thioethers la is so high that they can generally be oxidized to the sulfoxides 1b and 1c without intermediate cleaning with oxidizing agents.
  • Hydrogen peroxide in acetic acid or acetic acid / trifluoroacetic acid mixtures has proven to be particularly advantageous for the stepwise oxidation of the pyridine thioethers la to the sulfoxides Ib and the sulfones Ic.
  • For the direct oxidation of the Pyrid thioether la to the sulfones Ic is particularly suitable for hypochlorous acid or its alkali salt.
  • the thiopyridines I are particularly preferably obtained if sub * substituted 2-halopyridines of the formula II
  • R 5 has the abovementioned meaning first in the presence of 0.001 to 1 mol% of a copper catalyst to give a pyridine thioether of the formula Ia and then this stepwise to give the sulfoxide Ib
  • Particularly preferred compound II is 2,3,5-trichloropyridine, 5-chloro-2,3-difluoropyridine, 2,3-dichloro-5-difluoromethylpyridine, 2,3-dichloro-5 - (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl ) -pyridine, 2,3-dichloro-5-tri-fluoromethylpyridine or 2,3-dichloro-5-pentafluoroethylpyridine.
  • the preparation of the compounds I is exemplified by the reaction described in the following scheme, starting from 2,3-dichloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine and thiophenol as the nucleophile using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent.
  • the reaction of the 2-halopyridines II with a thiol III is advantageously carried out in the presence of a solvent at temperatures in the range from 80-250 ° C., preferably 120-200 ° C., particularly preferably 140-180 ° C.
  • the solvents used for these reactions are hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, chlorinated hydrocarbons such as 1, 2-dichloroethane, 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrachloroethane, chlorobenzene, 1,2-, 1,3- or 1, 4-dichlorobenzene, ethers such as 1,4-dioxane, anisole, glycol ethers such as dirnethyl glycol ether, diethyl glycol ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, esters such as ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, carboxamides such as DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone, nitrocarbons, hydrocarbons such as tetraethyl urea, tetrabutyl urea, dimethyl ethylene urea, dimethyl propylene urea, sulfoxides such as dimethyl s
  • the molar ratios in which the starting compounds are reacted with one another are generally 0.9-1.4, preferably 0.95-1.1, particularly preferably 0.98-1.04, for the ratio of thiol to 2-halopyridine II.
  • tration of the starting materials in the solvent is 0.1-5 mol / 1, preferably 0.2-2 mol / 1.
  • Suitable catalysts are copper oxide, salts such as copper (II) chloride, copper sulfate, copper nitrate, copper acetate, copper carbonate. It is particularly preferred to use metallic copper in fine distribution, e.g. B. copper powder or copper - bronze.
  • the molar amount of catalyst based on the 2-halopyridine II is 0.001-10, preferably 0.001-1 mol% and particularly preferably 0.001 to 0.1 mol%.
  • the reaction is preferably carried out under acidic conditions, in which the hydrogen halide split off in the reaction is removed from the reaction mixture by means of an inert gas, for example nitrogen, or is allowed to escape into a washing device under autogenous pressure.
  • an inert gas for example nitrogen
  • the 2-halopyridine II is advantageously added for 10 to 60 min. to a mixture of the thiol III and the catalyst at 20-80 ° C and then stirred to complete the reaction for 0.5 to 12 hours, preferably 1 to 8 hours at 140-180 ° C.
  • the thiol III can also be added to a mixture of 2-halopyridine II and catalyst and the reaction can then be completed as above.
  • reaction can also be carried out in an autoclave.
  • the higher-boiling component can be introduced together with the catalyst and the lower-boiling component - depending on its consumption - directly at the reaction temperature of preferably 120-200 ° C., particularly preferably 140-180 ° Add C or introduce in gaseous form.
  • reaction can also be carried out in an aqueous two-phase system, preferably in the presence of phase transfer catalysts such as quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salts.
  • phase transfer catalysts such as quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salts.
  • the reaction can be carried out under pressure or under pressure, continuously or batchwise.
  • the oxidation of the pyridine thioethers of the formula Ia to the sulfoxides Ib and sulfones Ic can preferably be carried out with hydrogen peroxide, the sulfoxides Ib being obtained with approximately equivalent amounts of oxidant and the sulfones Ic being obtained with approximately twice molar amounts.
  • the reaction can also be catalyzed by adding stronger acids such as trifluoroacetic acid or perchloric acid.
  • metal compounds are also suitable as catalysts, e.g. B. transition metal oxides such as vanadium pentaoxide, sodium tungstate, potassium dichromate, iron oxide tungstate, sodium tungstate-molybdic acid, osmic acid, titanium trichloride, selenium dioxide, phenyleneselenic acid, oxovanadinyl-2, 4-pentanedionate.
  • the catalysts are generally used in an amount of 0.5 to 10%, but because of the easy filterability and recovery of the inorganic catalysts, stoichiometric amounts can also be used.
  • Another preferred oxidizing agent is peracetic acid or hydrogen peroxide / acetic anhydride, optionally also the peracetic acid present in equilibrium in a hydrogen peroxide / acetic acid mixture.
  • a preferred oxidizing agent also provides the Pertrifluor- acetic acid or the mixture of hydrogen peroxide / trifluoroacetic acid ⁇ or the mixture of hydrogen peroxide / anhydride is Trifluoracet-.
  • Oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in glacial acetic acid is generally very selective, but often slow.
  • Trifluoroacetic acid can generally shorten the reaction time. Oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in pure trifluoroacetic acid frequently leads, as also described in Chimia 29 (1975) 466, to the formation of the corresponding N-oxides. A rapid and selective oxidation of the pyridine thioethers la to the corresponding sulfoxides Ib and sulfones Ic is possible, for example, with solutions of hydrogen superoxide in mixtures of acetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid in a volume ratio of 10: 1 to 1: 1, in particular 6: 1 to 4: 1. These mixtures are therefore particularly preferred as solvents.
  • Petroleum ether the abovementioned solvents and the catalysts listed above can also be used as solvents.
  • perbenzoic acid In addition to peracetic acid and pertrifluoroacetic acid, perbenzoic acid, monoperphthalic acid or 3-chloroperbenzoic acid can also advantageously be used in chlorinated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride or 1,2-dichloroethane.
  • Chlorine and bromine are also very suitable for the oxidation of the thiols to sulfoxides or sulfones.
  • Favorable solvents are water, acetonitrile, dioxane, two-phase systems such as aqueous potassium hydrogen carbonate solution / dichloromethane and, in the case of pyridine alkyl thioether, also acetic acid.
  • active halogen can also tert. -Butyl hypochlorite, hypochlorous and bromonic acid, the salts thereof, and also N-halogen compounds such as N-bromine and N-chlorosuccinimide or sulfuryl chloride.
  • Nitrogen tetroxide e.g. in the process-technically simple variant with air / nitrogen dioxide or trioxide and, for example, osmium (VIII) oxide as catalyst.
  • the oxidation can also be carried out directly with nitric acid, with acetic anhydride, acetic acid as additional solvents and copper (I) and (I ⁇ ) bromide and chloride as catalysts.
  • Photosensitized oxygen transfer is also suitable for the oxidation, chlorophyll, protoporphyrin, Rose Bengal or methylene blue being recommended as photosensitizers.
  • Inert solvents are hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, chlorinated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, 1, 2-dichloroethane, 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrachloroethane, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol or isopropanol, ketones such as acetone , Methyl ethyl ketone, polar aprotic solvents such as acetonitrile, propionitrile or aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene or xylene are suitable.
  • ozone in the abovementioned solvents, in addition to ether, 1,4-dioxane or THF.
  • catalysts are also recommended for oxygen oxidation.
  • pyridine sulfoxides Ib or their pyridine sulfones Ic are obtained.
  • the molar ratios in which the starting compounds are reacted with one another are generally 0.9-1.8, preferably 1.05-1.3 for the ratio of pyridine thioether la to oxidizing agent in the case of oxidation to pyridine sulfoxide and in general 1.9-3.5, preferably 2.05-2.9 in the case of oxidation to pyridine sulfone.
  • the concentration of the starting materials in the solvent is generally 0.1-5 mol / 1, preferably 0.2-2 mol / 1.
  • the pyridine thioether or the pyridine sulfoxide if appropriate with one of the abovementioned catalysts, is initially introduced in one of the abovementioned solvents, and the oxidizing agent is then added with stirring for 0.25-20 hours.
  • the addition and reaction temperature depends on the optimal efficiency of the respective oxidizing agent and the avoidance of side reactions. If photosensitized oxygen is used, the procedure is generally from -20 to 80 ° C, but metal-catalyzed generally from 50 to 140 ° C and when using ozone generally from -78 to 60 ° C.
  • a staggered addition of the liquid or dissolved oxidizing agent is also preferred.
  • work is generally carried out at 0 - 90 ° C with tert. -Butyl hypochlorite in general at - 78 to 30 ° C, with N-halogen compounds in generally at 0 - 30 ° C and with nitric acid generally at 20 to 140 ° C.
  • a reaction temperature of 0 - 40 ° C is recommended.
  • the oxidations can be operated without pressure or under pressure, continuously or batchwise.
  • the multistage reaction can advantageously also be carried out as a one-pot process, the pyridethioethers la obtained in the first synthesis step in the reaction of the 2-halopyridines II with the thiols III being converted directly to the sulfoxides Ib or the sulfones Ic without isolation and purification.
  • the reaction product 1 a is allowed to cool to 90 to 20 ° C., if appropriate, a solvent is optionally added, for.
  • the end products I are generally taken up in a water-immiscible solvent, acidic impurities or oxidizing agents are extracted with dilute alkali metal or water, dried and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure.
  • R 2 chlorine, -CC 3 fluoroalkyl, cyano or methylsulfonyl
  • R 4 is fluorine or trifluoromethyl
  • R 5 is an unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy-, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxycarbonyl, di- (C 1 -C 4 -alkylamino) carbonyl, cyano or nitro C 1 -C -o ⁇ alkyl, C 2 -C ⁇ o alkenyl or C -C ⁇ 0 alkynyl group, a C 3 -C 8 ⁇ cycloalkyl radical, an unsubstituted or in the phenyl moiety by halogen, C ⁇ -C 3 alkyl, C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, cyano or nitro substituted C 1 -C 4 alkylenephenyl, phenyl or naphthyl radical.
  • Halogen fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine preferably fluorine and chlorine
  • C 2 -C ⁇ o-alkynyl ethynyl and C 3 -C 6 -alkynyl such as prop-1-in-l-yl, prop-2-in-3-yl, n-but-1-in-l-yl, n- But-l-in-4-yl, n-but-2-in-l-yl, n-pent-1-in-l-yl, n-pent-l-in-3-yl, n-pent l-in-4-yl, n-pent-l-in-5-yl, n-pent-2-in-l-yl, n-pent-2-in-4-yl, n-pent-2- in-5-yl, 3-methyl-but-1-in-l-yl, 3-methyl-but-l-in-3-yl, 3-methyl-but-l-in-4-yl, n- Hex-1-in-l-yl, n-hex-l-in-3-
  • C ⁇ -C 3 alkyl as mentioned above, where 1-5 hydrogen atoms are replaced by fluorine, for example, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2, 2-difluoroethyl, 2, 2, 2 -trifluoroethyl , Pentafluoroethyl, 3, 3, 3 -trifluoropropyl, preferably difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2, 2, 2 -trifluoroethyl, pentafluoroethyl, 3, 3, 3 -trifluoropropyl, particularly preferred is trifluoromethyl;
  • C ⁇ -C ⁇ o-haloalkyl C ⁇ -C ⁇ 0 -alkyl as mentioned above, where in each case 1-6 hydrogen atoms are replaced by fluorine, chlorine and / or bromine, for example chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, Difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chlorofluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2, 2-difluoroethyl, 2, 2, 2-trifluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethyl, 2, 2-dichloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, pentafluoroethyl and 3-chloropropyl, preferably trifluoromethyl;
  • Cyclooctyl preferably cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl
  • each hydrogen is ⁇ atom replaced by the cyano group, eg cyano - methyl, 1-Cyanoeth-l-yl, 2-Cyanoeth-l-yl, 1-cyanoprop-l-yl , 2-cyanoprop-l-yl, 3-cyanoprop-l-yl, l-cyanoprop-2-yl, 2-cyano-prop-2-yl, 1-cyanobut-l-yl, 2-cyanobut-l-yl , 3-cyanobut-l-yl, 4-cyanobut-l-yl, l-cyanobut-2-yl, 2-cyanobut-2-yl, 1-cyano-but-3-yl, 2-cyanobut-3-yl , l-cyano-2-methyl-prop-3-yl, 2-cyano-2-methyl-prop-3-yl, 3-cyano-2-methyl-prop-3-yl, and 2-cyanomethyl-prop- 2-yl,
  • C ⁇ -C 4 alkoxy and the alkoxy parts of C ⁇ -C 4 alkoxycarbonyl methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, 1-methylethoxy, n-butoxy, 1-methylpropoxy, 2-methylpropoxy and 1, 1-dimethylethoxy, preferably Methoxy, ethoxy and 1-methylethoxy;
  • Methylene ethylene, propylene, 1-methylethylene, butylene, 1,2-dimethylethyl and 1-ethylethylene;
  • R 2 is chlorine or trifluoromethyl
  • R 5 is an unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, C ⁇ -C 4 alkoxy C ⁇ -Cs-alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkenyl or C 3 -Cs alkynyl radical, an unsubstituted C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl radical or is a benzyl or phenyl radical which is unsubstituted in the phenyl moiety or substituted by halogen, C ⁇ -C 3 alkyl, C ⁇ -C 3 alkoxy, nitro, cyano or trifluoromethyl. and particularly preferably of compounds I in which
  • R 2 is chlorine or trifluoromethyl
  • R 5 is an unsubstituted or substituted by chlorine or methoxy C ⁇ -C 8 alkyl radical, a benzyl or phenyl radical unsubstituted in the phenyl part or substituted by chlorine, methyl, methoxy or trifluoromethyl.
  • the thiopyridines I 'according to the invention are valuable precursors for the production of crop protection agents, in particular herbicides from the class of the phenylpyridines, as are described in WO-A 95/02580.
  • Variant a starting from 2,3-dichloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine
  • the amount of catalyst (amount of copper in the first step of the one-pot synthesis could be reduced to 0.01% without loss of yield. If it was reduced again to 0.003% 35 Cu, the reaction time of the thioether synthesis increased to 6 hours and the yield decreased to 95.1% isolated sulfone.
  • Variant b starting from 3-chloro-2-phenylthio-5-trifluoromethylpyridine

Abstract

Procédé de fabrication de thiopyridines de formule générale (I), dans laquelle les substituants peuvent avoir les significations données dans la description, caractérisé en ce qu'on fait réagir la 2-halogénopyridine substituée, de formule (II) dans laquelle Hal désigne le fluor, le chlore ou le brome, dans une première étape, avec un composé thio de formule (III) HS-R5, en présence d'un catalyseur au cuivre, de manière à obtenir tout d'abord un thioéther de pyridine de formule (Ia), et en ce qu'on oxyde ensuite celui-ci progressivement en sulfoxyde (Ib) ou en sulfone (Ic).
EP98929326A 1997-05-30 1998-05-15 Procede de fabrication de thiopyridines substituees Withdrawn EP0984935A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722661 1997-05-30
DE19722661 1997-05-30
PCT/EP1998/002879 WO1998054139A1 (fr) 1997-05-30 1998-05-15 Procede de fabrication de thiopyridines substituees

Publications (1)

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EP0984935A1 true EP0984935A1 (fr) 2000-03-15

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Country Link
US (1) US6191280B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0984935A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002507197A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998054139A1 (fr)

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JP2002507197A (ja) 2002-03-05
WO1998054139A1 (fr) 1998-12-03
US6191280B1 (en) 2001-02-20

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