EP0978107A2 - Security element structure for documents, devices for checking documents with such security elements, method for the use thereof - Google Patents
Security element structure for documents, devices for checking documents with such security elements, method for the use thereofInfo
- Publication number
- EP0978107A2 EP0978107A2 EP98932023A EP98932023A EP0978107A2 EP 0978107 A2 EP0978107 A2 EP 0978107A2 EP 98932023 A EP98932023 A EP 98932023A EP 98932023 A EP98932023 A EP 98932023A EP 0978107 A2 EP0978107 A2 EP 0978107A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrically conductive
- security
- structures
- documents
- application
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/02—Testing electrical properties of the materials thereof
- G07D7/026—Testing electrical properties of the materials thereof using capacitive sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/003—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using security elements
- G07D7/0032—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using security elements using holograms
Definitions
- the invention relates to the construction of security elements for documents and devices for checking documents with such security elements as well as methods for use according to patent application DE 197 18 916.4.
- DE 27 47 156 describes a method and a testing device for checking the authenticity of holographically secured identity cards.
- the OVD is reproduced and then subjected to a visual inspection. This procedure is not suitable for quick, efficient, person-independent testing.
- EP 0 042 946 describes a device for generating scanning patterns which are checked using a laser, mirror and lens system and a photodetector. The economic effort is very high in this case too. It would increase even further if the test material was to be checked unsorted. In order to avoid presorting, a multiple arrangement of the authenticity test system or a repeated test would be necessary.
- EP 0 092 691 AI describes a device for detecting security strips in banknotes. The material-specific absorption bands of a plastic security strip are measured with the help of two transmitted light measuring channels in the infrared range at wavelengths of about 5 mm. A genuineness or quality check of diffractive optically effective security elements, which reflect metallic, such as reflex holograms or kinegrams, is not described in said EP, would also not be possible with the device mentioned.
- Test objects are required and all devices are not suitable for high-speed ones
- the device as described in DE 196 04 856 AI, is characterized by a transport device known per se for moving the securities in the area of the electronic camera, an infrared radiation source on the side of the security to be checked facing away from the camera, and that the optical axis of the camera encloses an angle deviating from 180 ° with the optical axis of the lighting device and the transport device is preferably formed by transport belts which are spaced apart from one another transversely to the transport direction.
- This device or method also has the disadvantage that, in particular, used banknotes with creases or banknotes which have a damaged or contaminated kinegram film on their surface are not recognized as real banknotes.
- the described method and the associated device are automated, but are not suitable for the high-speed banknote machines in circulation with a throughput of 1,200 pieces per minute.
- Diffractive optical security features or OVD's on securities such. B. on the German 100 and 200 DM banknotes, are currently being checked manually or visually for damage, register accuracy, exact margin, etc. The check is carried out visually both in the production of banknotes and in the sorting out of banknotes flowing back from the circulation, if necessary. This procedure is time consuming and costly.
- test zones and structures to be tested as well as the test methods and devices for the authenticity test of objects, securities, in particular banknotes have the main disadvantage, which lies in their popularity.
- test zones and structures in a familiarity that enables the counterfeiter to draw conclusions from the knowledge of the test methods and devices and their functioning regarding the characteristics to be tested, the test zones and structures.
- the object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular to complete the structure of security elements for documents with further security elements and to propose devices for testing such security elements and a new method of using security elements and devices which are essential to the counterfeiter make it difficult, if not impossible, to deduce the functioning of test methods and devices from the security elements to be tested, in order to then produce falsified products which are so similar to the originals that they are not detected by test devices. It is a further object of the invention to propose safety elements and features or OVDs which have an optical diffraction effect and which, in combination with electrically conductive printing inks, can be checked quickly, independently of the person and with little effort and with little effort.
- the associated devices for feature checking are to be used both in high-speed document processing machines and in handheld testing devices. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to design several of the devices according to the invention so that they check a defined number of several security elements or features present on a document, the number of security elements to be checked differing between the devices. This task aims to achieve different test criteria according to the possible cost and the testable security elements. The task is solved by the following description of the invention.
- the construction of security elements for documents to be checked provides for a new design that is not primarily focused on visual inspection, but rather on test procedures.
- This design - hereinafter referred to as functional design - is the combination of electrically conductive and insulating structures of the same or different sizes, in the same or different planes to one another, with the same or different conductivities, and is produced from metallized structures and / or conductive inks or printing inks.
- the functional design has a coding function in all distinguishable security elements and is therefore encrypted and can be checked.
- the functional design can be a diffraction-optically effective security element or consist of electrically conductive colors or inks.
- the diffractive optically effective security element If it is designed as a diffractive optically effective security element, it can match the optically, ie visually perceptible design and even support it in its optical design. It is also possible to sputter the demetallized or non-metallized zones to enhance the brilliance.
- holograms and other security elements with diffractive optics to secure documents and other securities as well as banknotes against counterfeiting is currently becoming increasingly common.
- documents are, for example, the DM banknotes of the 1996 series, which in addition to the electrically conductive security strip have a diffraction-optical security element in the form of a kinegram.
- Electrically conductive printing inks are also known. These colors are accommodated in the most varied of printed images, in particular on banknotes in structures within a test feature and, due to their low resolution, do not allow the structures to be distinguished or recognized due to their low resolution. This increases the security against forgery of the documents.
- the banknote numbering or other graphic details can consist of these colors.
- Structures according to the invention in test zones or printed images made of electrically conductive ink have, in addition to known, more or less full-area print surfaces, at least one testable bar, grid, arch and / or circular security element with a line width ⁇ 5 mm.
- These security elements simultaneously represent a coding of information that is recognized and evaluated by means of devices according to the invention.
- electrically conductive colors with different conductivities and color tones are used according to the invention. B. can be applied in different color thickness so as to obtain different codes from the different conductivity.
- the colors with their different conductivities - as described by the different colors and / or different color thicknesses - are used for coding and thus increase the security against forgery.
- the coding resulting from the different conductivity of the colors is combined as a further safety standard combined with safety elements with optical diffraction effects.
- the electrical conductivity of discontinuous metallization layers or partial metallic layers or zones of metallic layers is evaluated at different levels in order to check the authenticity of documents with security layers having an optical diffraction effect.
- the signals obtained from this evaluation are linked to the coding signals of the color evaluation and fed to the evaluation electronics to form a uniform test signal.
- the device for testing described test features according to the invention has a capacitive scanner.
- This scanner consists of a large number of adjacent transmission electrodes and a reception electrode lying parallel to this series.
- This scanner with small electrode areas has the advantage over sensors with large-area electrodes that there is less capacitive coupling between the individual electrodes.
- the scanner is arranged in a document processing machine in such a way that the optical or mechanical sensors present in conventional document processing machines activate the test device according to the invention.
- a sensor carrier is preferably used, which receives all sensors for testing. The distances between the sensors are minimized. This minimization of the distances between the sensors is to reduce the change in position of the objects to be tested, e.g. B.
- the device according to the invention has a pressure device.
- This pressure device is necessary because the distance between the transmitting and receiving electrodes is very small and thus the probability that a flat test zone of the banknote sweeps over the sensor is small.
- the pressure device must represent very little resistance for the banknote.
- a pressure device preferably consists of a film, which is regularly divided into segments in sections.
- brushes are also suitable, taking into account that the resistance for the banknote is low, since strongly wrinkled banknotes are also accepted.
- This pressure device guides the document parallel to the scanner or preferably presses the document to be checked onto the scanner. Furthermore, the axes of the transport rollers are connected to earth by means of sliding contacts.
- the control of the individual transmitter electrodes with electrical energy is carried out with a time delay by means of control electronics with a switching frequency in the kHz range and beyond.
- the main components of the control electronics in addition to the power supply are a multiplexer, an oscillator for providing the energy for the transmitting electrodes and an oscillator for controlling the multiplexer.
- the energy of the respective controlled transmission electrode is capacitively coupled between this transmission and the reception electrode.
- the signal curve at the receiving electrode is converted into a corresponding signal image.
- the signal pattern depends on the structure of the electrically conductive layer of the Security elements.
- An evaluation electronics following the receiving electrode compares the signal image of the test object with corresponding reference signals.
- the evaluation electronics essentially consist of a power supply, an amplifier, a demodulator, a comparator, a microprocessor with memory and filters to suppress external and interference signals.
- reference signal images are stored in the memory and are compared with the scanned signal image of the test document depending on the features to be tested. Since the scanner extends across the entire width of the document, each electrically conductive feature is detected using the device according to the invention. The comparison with the reference signal images provides a classifying signal for further processing. Accordingly, a document recognized as a false certificate could be sorted out, for example, by stopping the checking device or redirecting the banknote transport route.
- the sensor carrier is compactly connected to a circuit board that carries the control and evaluation electronics.
- the entire test facility is located within document processing machines, so that the space requirement is kept relatively small.
- the transmitting and receiving electrodes are arranged above or below the documents in document processing machines in such a way that reliable scanning is ensured. This happens e.g. B. with the help of tapes or in the area of deflection devices, so that the document is pressed against the transmitting and receiving electrodes during transport.
- pressure rollers or the pressure device described above are used, the axes of which are additionally connected to ground.
- the other evaluation electronics correspond to those already described.
- a further embodiment of the transmitting and receiving electrodes is characterized in that a plurality of transmitting and receiving electrodes are arranged next to one another and / or in series. Both the control and the reception of the signals are processed using the multiplex or demultiplex method.
- these For use in handheld devices, these contain corresponding devices for transporting the document or the scanner, the function of which is similar to that of the transport devices in copiers, optical image feed scanners or fax machines.
- a device is provided which defines the position of the capacitive scanner of the inventive test device in relation to the document by means of stop elements.
- the device In order to check a defined number of security features of a document in a targeted manner, the device has a different number of adjacent transmission or reception electrodes. The greater the resolution achieved in this way, the more security elements and encodings with an increased level of difficulty in counterfeiting can be checked.
- simple hand-held devices for example for everyday use, in which the presence of security features, for example a simple security thread, are checked, can be manufactured simply, easily and inexpensively.
- Higher resolution devices allow testing of additional ones Security features, but without being able to recognize all security features. This is implemented using simple microprocessor software that is only sensitive to certain security features and is not public. A higher resolution with correspondingly designed software for the microcontroller allows all security features to be checked.
- the invention also includes carrying out image recognition and status checking of the banknotes.
- Image detection via the coding is possible by means of the electrically conductive test features, namely an independent coding or as a supporting aid for sorting purposes, a coding for value level determination and a coding for authenticity determination. With an independent coding there is no further test feature and the electrically conductive feature must be clearly identifiable, e.g. B. the position on the banknote to minimize the incorrect rejection rate.
- the coding then serves as a reference means in the event that an incorrect rejection has been detected.
- a condition check is carried out with the aid of the test device according to the invention in the form that the conductivity of a test feature allows conclusions to be drawn about the condition of the banknote, because experience has shown that a heavily used banknote also leads to wear of the electrically conductive printing inks and thus the electrical conductivity changes.
- the individual degrees of wear are classified using software. In this way, banknotes can be sorted out with a certain degree of wear. This degree of wear is expressed, for. B.
- the security structures according to the invention are provided with codes, as described in more detail above, which, in a mathematical relationship to one another - for example as a sum formation - result in a main code, which in turn contains a signal or code from Simultaneous authenticity check of a metallic security thread and / or an equally synchronous check of an OVD determines the authenticity, the condition or the type of a certain bank note.
- FIG. 2 block diagram of a test device
- 3 - 5 schematic representation of different types of scanners
- 6-8 are schematic representations of scanners and a structured security feature.
- FIG. 1 shows a document with an electrically conductive color print 1 and an OVD 2.
- the targeted combination of different security elements results in additional coding. This increases test security.
- the figure shows the schematic structure of an electrically conductive color print 1, in which alternating conductive strip-shaped zones 3 and insulating strip-shaped zones 4 are arranged parallel to one another.
- the zones 3, 4 in the form of a strip in plan view run parallel to the document transport direction.
- the OVD 2 consists of a metal layer 5, strip-shaped demetallized zones 6 running parallel to the document transport direction and a demetallized zone 7 running perpendicular to the document transport direction.
- FIG. 1 shows the schematic representation of the scanner 8 with a plurality of transmission electrodes 9 and a reception electrode 10.
- control electronics consisting of control electronics, a capacitive scanner 8 and evaluation electronics.
- control electronics essentially contain a demultiplexer 17, an oscillator 11 for providing the energy for the transmission electrodes and an oscillator 12 for controlling the demultiplexer.
- the evaluation electronics mainly consist of a power supply, an amplifier 13, a demodulator 14, a comparator 15, a microprocessor 16 with memory and filters for suppressing external and interference signals.
- the transmitter and receiver electrodes are cast in a sensor carrier. These form a capacitive scanner 8 over the entire width of the document feeder strip-shaped receiving electrode runs across the document feed direction.
- the transmitting electrodes are arranged parallel to the receiving electrode.
- the distance between a transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode is determined by the document-typical electrically conductive test features.
- the stringing together of a plurality of transmission electrodes gives the possibility of simultaneously detecting a plurality of electrically conductive features in the longitudinal axis of the capacitive scanner 8.
- the resolution that can be achieved with this arrangement depends on the number of transmitting electrodes used. In this embodiment, the resolution is at one scannable point per mm in both the longitudinal and transverse directions.
- the minimum distance between adjacent transmission electrodes is limited by the interfering capacitive coupling.
- the transmission electrodes are controlled one after the other by a multiplexer 17. Due to the arrangement of the transmitting electrodes over the entire document feed width, the documents are checked in a position-neutral manner. This means that there is no pre-sorting of several documents in one document processing machine.
- FIG. 3 shows the schematic representation of the scanner 8 with a multiplicity of transmitting electrodes 9 and one receiving electrode 10.
- the control and evaluation is carried out according to the block diagram shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 shows the schematic representation of an embodiment of the capacitive scanner with a transmitting electrode 18 and a plurality of receiving electrodes 19.
- the transmitting electrode 18 is controlled by means of an oscillator.
- the signals of the receiving electrodes 19 are processed by means of multiplexers.
- the further evaluation electronics consisting of power supply, an amplifier, a Demodulator, a comparator, a microprocessor with memory and filters for suppressing external and interference signals, is similar to the block diagram according to FIG. 2.
- FIG. 2 shows the schematic representation of the scanner 8 with a multiplicity of transmitting electrodes 9 and one receiving electrode 10.
- FIG. 4 shows the schematic representation of an embodiment of the capacitive scanner with a transmitting electrode 18 and a plurality of receiving electrodes 19.
- the transmitting electrode 18 is controlled by means of an oscillator.
- FIG. 5 shows the schematic representation of a further embodiment of the capacitive scanner with a large number of transmitting electrodes 20 and a large number of receiving electrodes 21. These are arranged alternately in a row. Accordingly, both the control signals of the transmitting electrodes 20 and the evaluation signals of the receiving electrodes 21 are processed by means of multiplex or demultiplexing methods.
- 6 to 8 show schematic representations of scanners 33, 34, 35 and a structured security feature 36.
- the structure of the security feature 36 consists of an annular security element 37, a strip-shaped security element 38 and two rectangular security elements 39, 40.
- the security elements 37, 38, 39 consist of electrically conductive paint, while the security element 40 is optically identical to the security element 39, but has no electrical conductivity.
- Simple handheld devices include a scanner 33 according to FIG. 6. The resolution is so low that only the strip-shaped security element 38 can be detected. Handheld devices of this type are suitable for everyday use because they are simple, easy to handle and inexpensive to produce. Devices with a higher resolution according to FIG. 7 include a scanner 34 and, in addition to checking a strip-shaped security element 38, allow the checking of additional security elements, in this case an annular security element 37.
- the rectangular security elements 39, 40 are not checked. This is implemented using simple microprocessor software that only works with certain security elements is sensitized.
- the rectangular security elements 39, 40 are not present in the memory as reference signal images.
- Fig. 8 shows a higher resolution with correspondingly designed software for the microcontroller. This permits the testing of all security features, i.e. also the rectangular security elements 39, 40.
- test features In order to fulfill the task on which the invention is based, namely to propose a new system for the use of test features, test methods and devices in order to counteract the awareness or the quick becoming known of the functioning of test methods and devices, the following use of test features, test zones and structures is described below corresponding method application and inclusion of devices according to the invention explained.
- Group A As is known, the state banks make publications on active security features so that the user can carry out a check himself following instructions. These publications relate to test methods which are carried out without and test methods which are carried out with auxiliary means.
- the scanner sensor can be installed in a handheld device. This handheld device and special software can be used to test the electrical conductivity. The software is modified in such a way that when the banknote is pulled through optical sensors, the scanner is activated and the throughput length is then measured. The electrical conductivity of the color print must have a defined value. The end of the banknote is determined by means of optical sensors and the scanner sensor is deactivated. The position of the electrically conductive test zone on the test object can thus be determined. The data are compared with the stored data and evaluated using a controller.
- Group B Group B:
- Group B has machines for processing banknotes. These machines are equipped with special sensors to detect different features. These machines are currently equipped with sensors for the optical range and / or the detection of magnetic properties and / or testing by means of a capacitive sensor for measuring the length of passage. With these capacitive sensors, the presence of electrically conductive features larger than 6 mm can be detected. They do not allow the detection of several electrically conductive test zones in a pass width. In addition, the detection of different electrical conductivity in the test zones is not possible. Structures within a test zone cannot be detected either. However, these tests are possible by means of the scanner sensor described, so that group B can carry out a higher-quality test. The machines can complete the test by means of special functional printed images and the device according to the invention for testing with modified software.
- the software for group B is designed such that the scanner sensor is activated by means of optical sensors and then the ring-shaped security element 37 and the strip-shaped security element 38 are read in. The value of the conductivity is fixed. Deviations above or below 30% are rejected. The scanner sensor is deactivated and evaluated with optical sensors.
- Group C
- the software is designed so that all test features are recognized.
- the scanner sensor is activated by means of optical sensors.
- the passage length and passage width of the structured security feature 36, the ring-shaped security element 37, the stripe-shaped security feature 38, the rectangular security element 39 and the rectangular security element 40 are recognized as non-conductive security elements.
- the electrical conductivity is specified and deviations greater and less than 30% are rejected. In combination with other physical characteristics, the combined test increases the safety standard.
- Group C has a full software version or hardware which is of the highest quality, so that all the specified structures and dimensions of the test field can be detected.
- the rectangular test element 39 is designed as a feature print of different physical quantities.
- test element 39 is designed as a high-value fluorescence feature. This means that this test element with a light source is excited and after the light source has been extinguished the persistence (reminescence) is determined.
- An optical sensor activates the test sensor system when it passes the banknote.
- the test sensor system consists of an optical sensor and a scanner sensor for the detection of electrically conductive test fields.
- the optical sensor contains a light source and a receiver.
- the test object is irradiated with a defined time. Then on
- Receiver measured the persistence of the feature colors. This persistence is one
- the capacitive scanner sensor is activated.
- the rectangular test element 39 is a fluorescence feature with different color emissions. This means that the feature print is irradiated with light frequency a and hue a is emitted.
- Test sensor system which consists of an optical sensor and the capacitive scanner sensor.
- the optical sensor consists of two light sources of different frequencies. Special filters ensure that only one receiver is required. Another possibility is to use a light source, but two separate receivers with upstream filters.
- the optical sensor system activates the capacitive scanner sensor when the optical feature is present. An individual test is also possible here.
- a third possibility is to design the rectangular test element 39 as magnetic color printing.
- An optical sensor activates the when passing the banknote
- Test sensor system which consists of a magnetic reading head and the capacitive scanner sensor.
- the magnetic reading head can detect the presence or a coding. If the magnetic feature is present, the scanner sensor is activated.
- a fourth possibility consists in designing the rectangular test element 39 with a conductivity that is 50% lower than the ring-shaped security element 37 or the strip-shaped security element 38. A special test software is required for detection, which is only accessible to this group. If the conductivity is reduced further, a static measurement is required, for which a special single-note test facility is required.
- the entire test system can be varied, in particular for use in groups B and C, and its tasks can be changed nationally, particularly when testing the euro. Since the security feature to be checked is the same for all countries, for example in the case of the euro, both the test procedure and the test devices can be modified nationally depending on the key points and changed one after the other.
- Image recognition can be carried out using the coded, targeted metallizations. This image recognition can be used for different purposes, in particular sorting purposes, determination of the value level or authenticity.
- Another advantage of the test method is the condition control. The electrical conductivity measurement allows conclusions to be drawn about the condition of the banknote paper. Very badly worn paper will greatly reduce electrical conductivity.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19718916 | 1997-04-25 | ||
DE19718916A DE19718916A1 (en) | 1997-04-25 | 1997-04-25 | Application and method for checking documents with diffractive optical security layers |
DE19812812A DE19812812A1 (en) | 1997-04-25 | 1998-03-16 | Construction of security elements for documents and devices for checking documents with such security elements, as well as methods for use |
DE19812812 | 1998-03-16 | ||
PCT/DE1998/001179 WO1998049657A2 (en) | 1997-04-25 | 1998-04-24 | Security element structure for documents, devices for checking documents with such security elements, method for the use thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0978107A2 true EP0978107A2 (en) | 2000-02-09 |
EP0978107B1 EP0978107B1 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
Family
ID=26036336
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98932023A Revoked EP0978107B1 (en) | 1997-04-25 | 1998-04-24 | Security element structure for documents, devices for checking documents with such security elements, method for the use thereof |
Country Status (21)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7116406B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0978107B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001523362A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20010020270A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1253649A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE210870T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU8208298A (en) |
BG (1) | BG103838A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9809777A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2298494A1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ295133B6 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19812812A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2169918T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUP0003820A3 (en) |
LV (1) | LV12424B (en) |
NO (1) | NO994725L (en) |
PL (1) | PL336525A1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT978107E (en) |
RO (1) | RO118987B1 (en) |
TR (1) | TR199902663T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998049657A2 (en) |
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AU2002228809A1 (en) * | 2000-12-05 | 2002-06-18 | Validity, Inc. | Swiped aperture capacitive fingerprint sensing systems and methods |
DE10149463A1 (en) * | 2001-10-08 | 2003-04-24 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Printed machine-readable code e.g. for banknotes comprises areas of differing ink layer thickness |
DE20122748U1 (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2008-02-14 | Constantia Hueck Folien Gmbh & Co. Kg | Printing tool and its use for printing especially high-viscosity and / or highly pigmented paints and inks |
GB0225290D0 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2002-12-11 | Secretary Trade Ind Brit | Anti-counterfeiting apparatus and method |
EP1570441A1 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2005-09-07 | Guardian Sure Scan Limited | Method and apparatus for verifying the authenticity of bank notes |
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DE10316191B3 (en) * | 2003-04-09 | 2004-07-01 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Electrically-conducting strip detection system for document or banknote has transmitter and receiver electrodes on either side of banknote and has function generator and resistance measuring circuit |
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WO1998049657A2 (en) | 1998-11-05 |
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NO994725L (en) | 1999-12-23 |
KR20010020270A (en) | 2001-03-15 |
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CA2298494A1 (en) | 1998-11-05 |
BR9809777A (en) | 2000-09-05 |
EP0978107B1 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
TR199902663T2 (en) | 2000-02-21 |
WO1998049657A3 (en) | 1999-02-04 |
US7116406B1 (en) | 2006-10-03 |
CN1253649A (en) | 2000-05-17 |
LV12424A (en) | 2000-01-20 |
AU8208298A (en) | 1998-11-24 |
US7133124B2 (en) | 2006-11-07 |
DE19812812A1 (en) | 1999-09-23 |
BG103838A (en) | 2000-06-30 |
NO994725D0 (en) | 1999-09-29 |
PT978107E (en) | 2002-05-31 |
CZ380199A3 (en) | 2000-02-16 |
RO118987B1 (en) | 2004-01-30 |
ES2169918T3 (en) | 2002-07-16 |
DE59802444D1 (en) | 2002-01-24 |
JP2001523362A (en) | 2001-11-20 |
ATE210870T1 (en) | 2001-12-15 |
HUP0003820A2 (en) | 2001-02-28 |
US20040012773A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
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