EP0970304B1 - Device and method for controlling pressure in storage injection systems with an electromagnetically actuated pressure control member - Google Patents

Device and method for controlling pressure in storage injection systems with an electromagnetically actuated pressure control member Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0970304B1
EP0970304B1 EP99907265A EP99907265A EP0970304B1 EP 0970304 B1 EP0970304 B1 EP 0970304B1 EP 99907265 A EP99907265 A EP 99907265A EP 99907265 A EP99907265 A EP 99907265A EP 0970304 B1 EP0970304 B1 EP 0970304B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
current value
pressure control
control element
electromagnetic actuation
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP99907265A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0970304A1 (en
Inventor
Dirk Heinitz
Benno Larisch
Martin Hecker
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3863—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow out of the common rail, e.g. using pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1409—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using at least a proportional, integral or derivative controller
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1413—Controller structures or design
    • F02D2041/1418—Several control loops, either as alternatives or simultaneous
    • F02D2041/1419—Several control loops, either as alternatives or simultaneous the control loops being cascaded, i.e. being placed in series or nested
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2058—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using information of the actual current value
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/31—Control of the fuel pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a Method for regulating a pressure in a high pressure accumulator for fuel injection systems with a pressure actuator that a shut-off body operated by an electromagnetic drive having.
  • the high pressure accumulator is still with a pressure actuator provided, about the excess fuel that is not used Maintaining the desired pressure in the high pressure accumulator is returned to the fuel tank becomes.
  • the holding pressure in the pressure actuator is determined by the electronic Control unit of the internal combustion engine according to one measured by a pressure sensor in the high pressure accumulator Actual value and that in the respective operating state of the internal combustion engine desired setpoint.
  • the solenoids used in the pressure actuators are made of a conductive material, the more specific Resistance is temperature-dependent, the through the current flowing in the magnet coil and thus also the current on the Shut-off element acting anchor force through the coil temperature affected.
  • the temperature increase in turn leads to the through the temperature-dependent resistance in the coil winding to change the flowing through the solenoid Current and thus the resulting holding force in Pressure actuator.
  • the holding force generally drops because the coil materials used are mostly conductors where the resistance increases when the temperature rises, which leads to a reduction in electricity.
  • the pressure actuator control unit the electronic control unit of the Adjust the internal combustion engine to the desired level To be able to set pressure in the pressure accumulator.
  • readjustment leads to a deterioration in the control dynamics of the pressure actuator, so that for the operating condition optimal pressure in the high pressure accumulator only delayed is achieved.
  • the pressure actuator generally has wide control limits used so that there are sufficient positioning speeds result in the pressure control.
  • Such high positioning speeds however, increase the risk of overshoot the pressure control and thus impair the stability of the control loop.
  • high positioning speeds result often very high current peaks in the magnetic coil of the Pressure actuator that can cause damage.
  • DE-A-195 48 278 describes a method and a device to regulate one connected to a high pressure accumulator High pressure control valve known in which an im electromagnetic drive of the high pressure control valve detected Current value with a desired setpoint value derived reference current value compared and in the event of a deviation by the electromagnetic drive of the high pressure control valve flowing current value is adjusted.
  • the object of the present invention is a method and a device for regulating a pressure actuator for a To provide high-pressure accumulators that have optimal control dynamics show and at the same time reliable damage to the Avoid pressure actuator.
  • a pressure actuator via a cascade control set, with a first control device a pressure value recorded in a high-pressure accumulator with a The setpoint compares and depending on this comparison a control signal with a nominal current value for a solenoid of the electromagnetically actuated pressure actuator and a second downstream control device one in the Magnetic coil flowing current value detected and with the current setpoint compares and depending on this comparison one Adapts the current value in the solenoid.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a fuel injection system, like it is called the common rail system is mainly used in diesel engines.
  • this Injection system is fuel from a fuel tank 10 via a fuel line 11 by means of a Pre-feed pump 12 is sucked in and by this via a fuel filter 13 promoted to a high pressure pump 15.
  • the high pressure pump 15 then injects the fuel under high pressure a high pressure accumulator 17.
  • the high pressure accumulator 17 communicates with injectors 18 through which the Fuel into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine (not shown) is injected.
  • the injection process is carried out by a electronic control unit 19 triggered via signal lines 20 is connected to the injection valves 18.
  • the leakage current occurring in the injection valves 18 fed back into the fuel tank 10 via fuel lines 21.
  • the pressure control valve 16 controls excess fuel via a fuel line 25, which is not used to maintain the high pressure accumulator 17 desired pressure is required in the fuel tank 10 from.
  • the pressure control valve 16 is the electronic control unit 19 by means of an integrated Control unit via a control line 24 corresponding to a Pressure from a pressure sensor attached to the pressure accumulator 17 23 is measured, set.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically the structure of the pressure control valve 16.
  • This pressure control valve 16 has a valve housing 161 with an inlet opening 162 which is connected to a fuel line 111 is connected to the high pressure accumulator 17.
  • An outlet opening 168 is also provided in the valve housing 161, to those in the fuel tank 10 returning fuel line 25 is connected.
  • the inlet opening 162 has a conically opening inwards Sealing seat in which is also a conical Blocking body 163 engages.
  • This shut-off body 163 sits on one end with its base Locking rod 164, with its other end through a bore protrudes from the valve housing 161.
  • valve spring 166 continues around the locking rod 164 arranged that the shut-off body with a spring preload busy.
  • the locking rod 164 is a magnet armature 165, wherein between this armature 165 and the valve housing 161 a live solenoid around the locking bar 164 167 is provided.
  • the pressure control valve 16 shown schematically in FIG. 2 works as follows: acts on the shut-off element in the closing direction 163 a holding force resulting from the spring 166 applied spring force and that of the current carrying Solenoid coil 167 composed armature force.
  • the shut-off body 163 engages in High pressure accumulator 17 prevailing fuel pressure over the Fuel line 111 on.
  • By changing the energization of the solenoid coil 167 can the armature force and thus the holding force counteracting the fuel pressure the shut-off body 163 can be adjusted.
  • the solenoid coil 167 of the pressure control valve 16 is in the generally with a pulse-width-modulated control signal acted upon by the control unit of the electronic control unit 19.
  • the electronic control unit fits Control unit 19, the anchor force and thus the Holding force of the pressure control valve 16 to the desired pressure in the high pressure accumulator 17.
  • the control unit of the electronic control unit 19 consists of as the block diagram in Figure 3 shows, from a Cascade connection of a controller 191 and a downstream one Current regulator 192, the following control process being carried out is:
  • the pressure prevailing in the high-pressure accumulator 17 is determined by the amount of fuel in the high-pressure accumulator certainly. This amount of fuel is made up of the High pressure pump 15 fed fuel flow during the injection quantity delivered via the Injection valves flowing leakage current and the Pressure control valve 16 fuel together, wherein both the leakage flow of the injectors and the Fuel quantity controlled by the pressure control valve 16 depend fuel pressure prevailing in the high pressure accumulator 17.
  • the gain factor and the reset time are included according to the desired control behavior of the pressure control valve 16 specified.
  • the calculated control value TV represents a pulse duty factor of the pulse-width modulated control signal for the current-carrying solenoid coil 167 of the pressure control valve 16, where the duty cycle is the ratio of pulse duration, i.e. the time at which the solenoid 167 is powered is supplied at the period, i.e. the distance between two current pulses.
  • the to the current-carrying solenoid 167 issued control value still has one fixed current value.
  • the current flowing through the magnetic coil 167 leads to heat in the magnet coil 16 due to the resistance heating occurring in the current-carrying coil elements.
  • This heat development in turn affects the temperature-dependent specific resistance of the current carrying Elements in the solenoid 16, being conventional in the used current-carrying elements of resistance increases with temperature.
  • This due to the development of heat caused increase in resistance in the current carrying Coil elements in turn lead to a lowering of the current value flowing through the solenoid coil 167.
  • this reduction in the current value reduces the anchor force acting on the shut-off body 163, resulting in a Low pressure in the high pressure accumulator 17 leads.
  • the magnetic current value and their readjustment in a sub-control loop are the through the temperature dependence of the through the solenoid flowing current caused interference the regulation of the pressure control valve 16 compensated so that a very fast control loop with high control dynamics results.
  • the PI controller 191, the ammeter 193 and the Current regulators 192 can also be used instead of the electronic ones Control unit 19, integrated directly into the pressure control valve 16 become.
  • the invention Pressure control for all types of pressure regulators with electromagnetic Carry out drive in internal combustion engines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a storage injection system which has a pressure control member (16) with a shut-off body (163) which is actuated by an electromagnetic drive mechanism (165, 167). The pressure is regulated by means of a cascade connection of two control systems. The first control system (191) determines a triggering signal with a desired current value for the electromagnetic drive mechanism and the second control system (192) adapts the current value detected in the electromagnetic drive mechanism to said predetermined desired current value.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Regeln eines Drucks in einem Hochdruckspeicher für Kraftstoffeinspritzsysteme mit einem Druckstellglied, das einen von einem elektromagnetischen Antrieb betätigten Absperrkörper aufweist.The invention relates to a device and a Method for regulating a pressure in a high pressure accumulator for fuel injection systems with a pressure actuator that a shut-off body operated by an electromagnetic drive having.

Auf dem Gebiet der Kraftstoffeinspritzsysteme für Brennkraftmaschinen sind in den letzten Jahren zunehmend Hochdruckspeicherkonzepte in den Vordergrund gerückt, die im wesentlichen aus einer Hochdruckpumpe, einem Hochdruckspeicher, Einspritzventilen und einer elektronischen Steuereinrichtung mit Sensoren bestehen.In the field of fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines are increasingly high-pressure storage concepts in recent years brought to the fore, which essentially from a high pressure pump, a high pressure accumulator, Injectors and an electronic control device exist with sensors.

Um den Druck im Hochdruckspeicher, der den Einspritzdruck bestimmt, präzise und schnell an die jeweiligen Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine anpassen zu können, ist der Hochdruckspeicher weiterhin mit einem Druckstellglied versehen, über das überschüssiger Kraftstoff, der nicht zur Aufrechterhaltung des gewünschten Druckes im Hochdruckspeicher benötigt wird, in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter zurückgeführt wird.To the pressure in the high-pressure accumulator, which is the injection pressure determined, precise and fast to the respective operating conditions to be able to adapt to the internal combustion engine, the high pressure accumulator is still with a pressure actuator provided, about the excess fuel that is not used Maintaining the desired pressure in the high pressure accumulator is returned to the fuel tank becomes.

Der Haltedruck im Druckstellglied wird von der elektronischen Steuereinheit der Brennkraftmaschine entsprechend einem von einem Drucksensor im Hochdruckspeicher gemessenen Istwert und dem im jeweiligen Betriebszustand der Brennkraftmaschine gewünschten Sollwert geregelt.The holding pressure in the pressure actuator is determined by the electronic Control unit of the internal combustion engine according to one measured by a pressure sensor in the high pressure accumulator Actual value and that in the respective operating state of the internal combustion engine desired setpoint.

Da die in den Druckstellgliedern verwendeten Magnetspulen aus einem leitenden Werkstoff gefertigt sind, dessen spezifischer Widerstand temperaturabhängig ist, wird der durch die Magnetspule fließende Strom und damit auch die auf den Absperrkörper wirkende Ankerkraft durch die Spulentemperatur beeinflußt. Die Temperaturerhöhung führt wiederum wegen des sich durch den temperaturabhängigen Widerstand in der Spulenwicklung zu einer Änderung des durch die Magnetspule fließenden Stroms und damit der resultierenden Haltekraft im Druckstellglied. Die Haltekraft sinkt im allgemeinen ab, da die verwendeten Spulenwerkstoffe meistens Leiter sind, bei denen der Widerstand bei einer Temperaturerhöhung ansteigt, was zu einer Stromabsenkung führt.Because the solenoids used in the pressure actuators are made of a conductive material, the more specific Resistance is temperature-dependent, the through the current flowing in the magnet coil and thus also the current on the Shut-off element acting anchor force through the coil temperature affected. The temperature increase in turn leads to the through the temperature-dependent resistance in the coil winding to change the flowing through the solenoid Current and thus the resulting holding force in Pressure actuator. The holding force generally drops because the coil materials used are mostly conductors where the resistance increases when the temperature rises, which leads to a reduction in electricity.

Da aber die durch die Spulentemperatur hervorgerufene Änderung der Haltekraft des Absperrkörpers im Druckstellglied den Druck im Hochdruckspeicher beeinflußt, muß die Druckstellglied-Regeleinheit der elektronischen Steuereinheit der Brennkraftmaschine eine Nachregelung vornehmen, um den gewünschten Druck im Druckspeicher einstellen zu können. Diese Nachregelung führt jedoch zu einer Verschlechterung der Regeldynamik des Druckstellglied, so daß der für die Betriebsbedingung optimale Druck im Hochdruckspeicher nur verzögert erreicht wird. Um hierbei keine zu große Verzögerung bei der Druckregelung im Hochdruckspeicher auftreten zu lassen, werden bei den im Stand der Technik verwendeten PI-Reglern für das Druckstellglied im allgemeinen weite Regelbereichsgrenzen verwendet, so daß sich ausreichende Stellgeschwindigkeiten bei der Druckregelung ergeben. Solche hohen Stellgeschwindigkeiten vergrößern jedoch die Gefahr eines Überschwingens bei der Druckregelung und beeinträchtigen somit die Stabilität des Regelkreises. Außerdem führen große Stellgeschwindigkeiten oft zu sehr hohen Stromspitzen in der Magnetspule des Druckstellgliedes, die Beschädigungen hervorrufen können.But since that caused by the coil temperature Change in the holding force of the shut-off body in the pressure actuator affects the pressure in the high-pressure accumulator, the pressure actuator control unit the electronic control unit of the Adjust the internal combustion engine to the desired level To be able to set pressure in the pressure accumulator. This However, readjustment leads to a deterioration in the control dynamics of the pressure actuator, so that for the operating condition optimal pressure in the high pressure accumulator only delayed is achieved. To avoid too much delay in the Allow pressure control to occur in the high-pressure accumulator in the PI controllers used in the prior art for the pressure actuator generally has wide control limits used so that there are sufficient positioning speeds result in the pressure control. Such high positioning speeds however, increase the risk of overshoot the pressure control and thus impair the stability of the control loop. In addition, high positioning speeds result often very high current peaks in the magnetic coil of the Pressure actuator that can cause damage.

Aus der DE-A-195 48 278 ist ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Regeln eines an einen Hochdruckspeicher angeschlossenen Hochdruckregelventils bekannt, bei dem ein im elektromagnetischen Antrieb des Hochdruckregelventils erfaßter Stromwert mit einem aus einem gewünschten Solldruckwert abgeleiteten Sollstromwert verglichen und bei einer Abweichung der durch den elektromagnetischen Antrieb des Hochdruckregelventils fließende Stromwert nachgeregelt wird. DE-A-195 48 278 describes a method and a device to regulate one connected to a high pressure accumulator High pressure control valve known in which an im electromagnetic drive of the high pressure control valve detected Current value with a desired setpoint value derived reference current value compared and in the event of a deviation by the electromagnetic drive of the high pressure control valve flowing current value is adjusted.

Es ist aus WO 96/03577 eine Regelung für ein an einen Hochdruckspeicher angeschlossenes Hochdruckregelventil bekannt, bei dem die Regelgröße eine dem Antrieb des Hochdruckregelventils zugeführte Spannung ist. Die Regelung funktioniert in der Weise, dass ein gewünschter Solldruckwert mittels einer Spannungssteuerung in einen Haltedruck des Hochdruckregelventils umgesetzt wird, wobei der Solldruckwert mit dem tatsächlichen im Hochdruckspeicher herrschenden Druckwert verglichen und die Spannungsregelung des Andrucks entsprechend angepasst wird.From WO 96/03577 it is a regulation for a connected to a high pressure accumulator High pressure control valve known, in which the controlled variable one supplied to the drive of the high pressure control valve Tension is. The scheme works in such a way that a desired target pressure value by means of a voltage control converted into a holding pressure of the high pressure control valve the target pressure value with the actual one in the high-pressure accumulator prevailing pressure value and the voltage control the pressure is adjusted accordingly.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Regeln eines Druckstellglieds für einen Hochdruckspeicher bereitzustellen, die eine optimale Regeldynamik zeigen und gleichzeitig zuverlässig Beschädigungen des Druckstellglieds vermeiden. The object of the present invention is a method and a device for regulating a pressure actuator for a To provide high-pressure accumulators that have optimal control dynamics show and at the same time reliable damage to the Avoid pressure actuator.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 und ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 4 gelöst. Gemäß der Erfindung wird ein Druckstellglied über eine Kaskadenregelung eingestellt, wobei eine erste Regeleinrichtung einen in einem Hochdruckspeicher erfaßten Druckwert mit einem Sollwert vergleicht und abhängig von diesem Vergleich ein Ansteuersignal mit einem Sollstromwert für eine Magnetspule des elektromagnetisch betätigen Druckstellgliedes bestimmt und eine zweite nachgeschaltete Regeleinrichtung einen in der Magnetspule fließenden Stromwert erfaßt und mit dem Stromsollwert vergleicht und abhängig von diesem Vergleich eine Anpassung des Stromwertes in der Magnetspule vornimmt. Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Kaskadenregelung des elektromagnetisch angetriebenen Druckstellgliedes, wobei eine zusätzliche Nachregelung des durch die Magnetspule fließenden Stroms erfolgt, läßt sich dessen Abhängigkeit von der Spulentemperatur einfach ausregeln und somit Regelverzögerungen bei der Druckeinstellung im Hochdruckspeicher verkürzen. Weiterhin zeichnet sich die erfindungsgemäße Regelung durch eine hohe Regelstabilität aus, da bereits bei kleinen Stellgeschwindigkeiten des Druckstellgliedes eine ausreichende Regeldynamik erzielt wird. Darüber hinaus werden auch hohe Stromspitzen in der Magnetspule, die zu einer Beschädigung führen könnten, vermieden.This object is achieved by a device Claim 1 and a method according to claim 4 solved. According to the invention is a pressure actuator via a cascade control set, with a first control device a pressure value recorded in a high-pressure accumulator with a The setpoint compares and depending on this comparison a control signal with a nominal current value for a solenoid of the electromagnetically actuated pressure actuator and a second downstream control device one in the Magnetic coil flowing current value detected and with the current setpoint compares and depending on this comparison one Adapts the current value in the solenoid. By this cascade control of the electromagnetic according to the invention driven pressure actuator, with an additional readjustment of the current flowing through the magnetic coil, its dependence on the coil temperature can be easily compensate and thus control delays in the pressure setting shorten in the high pressure accumulator. Continues to draw the control according to the invention is characterized by high control stability off, even at low positioning speeds the pressure actuator achieves sufficient control dynamics becomes. In addition, high current peaks in the Solenoid coil, which could lead to damage, avoided.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.Preferred embodiments of the invention are in the dependent claims specified.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems;
  • Figur 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Druckregelventils; und
  • Figur 3 eine schematische Blockdarstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Druckregelung.
    • The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the figures. Show it
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a fuel injection system;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a pressure control valve; and
  • Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of the pressure control according to the invention.

    • Figur 1 zeigt schematisch den Aufbau eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems, wie es unter der Bezeichnung Common-Rail-System vor allem bei Dieselmotoren eingesetzt wird. Bei diesem Einspritzsystem wird Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 10 über eine Kraftstoffleitung 11 mittels einer Vorförderpumpe 12 angesaugt und von dieser über ein Kraftstoffilter 13 zu einer Hochdruckpumpe 15 gefördert. Die Hochdruckpumpe 15 speist den Kraftstoff dann unter hohem Druck in einen Hochdruckspeicher 17 ein. Der Hochdruckspeicher 17 steht mit Einspritzventilen 18 in Verbindung, über die der Kraftstoff in die Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine (nicht gezeigt) eingespritzt wird. Der Einspritzvorgang wird durch eine elektronische Steuereinheit 19 ausgelöst, die über Signalleitungen 20 mit den Einspritzventilen 18 verbunden ist. Der in den Einspritzventilen 18 auftretende Leckagestrom wird über Kraftstoffleitungen 21 in den Kraftstoffbehälter 10 zurückgeführt.FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a fuel injection system, like it is called the common rail system is mainly used in diesel engines. With this Injection system is fuel from a fuel tank 10 via a fuel line 11 by means of a Pre-feed pump 12 is sucked in and by this via a fuel filter 13 promoted to a high pressure pump 15. The high pressure pump 15 then injects the fuel under high pressure a high pressure accumulator 17. The high pressure accumulator 17 communicates with injectors 18 through which the Fuel into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine (not shown) is injected. The injection process is carried out by a electronic control unit 19 triggered via signal lines 20 is connected to the injection valves 18. The leakage current occurring in the injection valves 18 fed back into the fuel tank 10 via fuel lines 21.

    Um den Volumenstrom der Hochdruckpumpe 15 entsprechend den jeweiligen Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine bedarfsabhängig einstellen zu können, ist bei der in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform in der Kraftstoffleitung 11 zwischen der Vorförderpumpe 12 und der Hochdruckpumpe 15 ein zusätzliches Saugdrosselventil 14 angeordnet, das von der elektronischen Steuereinheit 19 über eine Steuerleitung 22 angesteuert wird und den Förderstrom der Hochdruckpumpe 15 regelt.To the volume flow of the high pressure pump 15 accordingly the respective operating conditions of the internal combustion engine depending on requirements To be able to adjust, is in the in Figure 1 Embodiment shown in the fuel line 11 between the pre-feed pump 12 and the high pressure pump 15 an additional Suction throttle valve 14 arranged by the electronic Control unit 19 controlled via a control line 22 is and regulates the flow rate of the high pressure pump 15.

    Für die Druckregelung im Hochdruckspeicher 17 entsprechend den gewünschten Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine, ist weiterhin zwischen der Hochdruckpumpe 15 und dem Druckspeicher 17 ein Druckregelventil 16 in die Kraftstoffleitung 11 geschaltet. Dieses Druckregelventil 16 steuert über eine Kraftstoffleitung 25 überschüssigen Kraftstoff, der nicht zur Aufrechterhaltung des im Hochdruckspeicher 17 gewünschten Drucks benötigt wird, in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 10 ab. Das Druckregelventil 16 wird dabei von der elektronischen Steuereinheit 19 mittels einer integrierten Regeleinheit über eine Steuerleitung 24 entsprechend einem Druck, der von einem am Druckspeicher 17 angebrachten Drucksensor 23 gemessen wird, eingestellt.For the pressure control in the high pressure accumulator 17 accordingly the desired operating conditions of the internal combustion engine, is still between the high pressure pump 15 and the Pressure accumulator 17 a pressure control valve 16 in the fuel line 11 switched. This pressure control valve 16 controls excess fuel via a fuel line 25, which is not used to maintain the high pressure accumulator 17 desired pressure is required in the fuel tank 10 from. The pressure control valve 16 is the electronic control unit 19 by means of an integrated Control unit via a control line 24 corresponding to a Pressure from a pressure sensor attached to the pressure accumulator 17 23 is measured, set.

    Figur 2 zeigt schematisch den Aufbau des Druckregelventils 16. Dieses Druckregelventil 16 weist ein Ventilgehäuse 161 mit einer Einlaßöffnung 162 auf, die über eine Kraftstoffleitung 111 mit dem Hochdruckspeicher 17 verbunden ist. Im Ventilgehäuse 161 ist weiterhin eine Auslaßöffnung 168 angebracht, die an die in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 10 rückführende Kraftstoffleitung 25 angeschlossen ist. Die Einlaßöffnung 162 weist einen sich kegelförmig nach innen öffnenden Dichtsitz auf, in den ein ebenfalls kegelförmig ausgebildeter Absperrkörper 163 eingreift. Dieser Absperrkörper 163 sitzt mit seiner Grundfläche auf einem Ende einer Schließstange 164, die mit ihrem anderen Ende durch eine Bohrung aus dem Ventilgehäuse 161 herausragt. Zwischen dem Ventilgehäuse 161 und der Grundfläche des Absperrkörpers 163 ist weiterhin um die Schließstange 164 herum eine Ventilfeder 166 angeordnet, die den Absperrkörper mit einer Federvorspannung belegt. An dem aus dem Ventilgehäuse 161 herausragenden Ende der Schließstange 164 befindet sich ein Magnetanker 165, wobei zwischen diesem Magnetanker 165 und dem Ventilgehäuse 161 um die Schließstange 164 herum eine stromführende Magnetspule 167 vorgesehen ist.Figure 2 shows schematically the structure of the pressure control valve 16. This pressure control valve 16 has a valve housing 161 with an inlet opening 162 which is connected to a fuel line 111 is connected to the high pressure accumulator 17. An outlet opening 168 is also provided in the valve housing 161, to those in the fuel tank 10 returning fuel line 25 is connected. The inlet opening 162 has a conically opening inwards Sealing seat in which is also a conical Blocking body 163 engages. This shut-off body 163 sits on one end with its base Locking rod 164, with its other end through a bore protrudes from the valve housing 161. Between the valve housing 161 and the base of the shut-off body 163 a valve spring 166 continues around the locking rod 164 arranged that the shut-off body with a spring preload busy. At the end protruding from the valve housing 161 the locking rod 164 is a magnet armature 165, wherein between this armature 165 and the valve housing 161 a live solenoid around the locking bar 164 167 is provided.

    Das in Figur 2 schematisch gezeigte Druckregelventil 16 arbeitet wie folgt: In Schließrichtung wirkt auf den Absperrkörper 163 eine Haltekraft, die sich aus der von der Feder 166 beaufschlagten Federkraft und der von der stromführenden Magnetspule 167 erzeugte Ankerkraft zusammensetzt. In Öffnungsrichtung dagegen greift am Absperrkörper 163 der im Hochdruckspeicher 17 herrschende Kraftstoffdruck über die Kraftstoffleitung 111 an. Überschreitet die aus dem Kraftstoffdruck resultierende Druckkraft auf den Absperrkörper 163 die entgegenwirkende Haltekraft von Feder 166 und Magnetanker 165, so hebt der Absperrkörper 163 aus dem Dichtsitz in der Einlaßöffnung 162 ab und steuert den überschüssigen Kraftstoff aus dem Hochdruckspeicher 17 über die Kraftstoffleitung 25 zurück in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 10. Durch Ändern der Bestromung der Magnetspule 167 kann die Ankerkraft und damit die dem Kraftstoffdruck entgegenwirkende Haltekraft auf den Absperrkörper 163 eingestellt werden.The pressure control valve 16 shown schematically in FIG. 2 works as follows: acts on the shut-off element in the closing direction 163 a holding force resulting from the spring 166 applied spring force and that of the current carrying Solenoid coil 167 composed armature force. In the opening direction on the other hand, the shut-off body 163 engages in High pressure accumulator 17 prevailing fuel pressure over the Fuel line 111 on. Exceeds that from the fuel pressure resulting compressive force on the shut-off body 163 the counteracting holding force of spring 166 and magnet armature 165, the shut-off body 163 lifts out of the sealing seat in the Inlet port 162 and controls the excess fuel from the high pressure accumulator 17 via the fuel line 25 back into the fuel tank 10. By changing the energization of the solenoid coil 167 can the armature force and thus the holding force counteracting the fuel pressure the shut-off body 163 can be adjusted.

    Die Magnetspule 167 des Druckregelventils 16 wird im allgemeinen mit einem pulsweiten-modulierten Ansteuersignal von der Regeleinheit der elektronischen Steuereinheit 19 beaufschlagt. Durch Ändern des Tastverhältnisses dieses pulsweiten-modulierten Ansteuersignals und damit der Stromimpulsdauer für die Magnetspule 167 paßt die Regeleinheit der elektronischen Steuereinheit 19, die Ankerkraft und damit die Haltekraft des Druckregelventils 16 an den gewünschten Druck im Hochdruckspeicher 17 an.The solenoid coil 167 of the pressure control valve 16 is in the generally with a pulse-width-modulated control signal acted upon by the control unit of the electronic control unit 19. By changing the duty cycle of this pulse width modulated Control signal and thus the current pulse duration for the magnetic coil 167, the electronic control unit fits Control unit 19, the anchor force and thus the Holding force of the pressure control valve 16 to the desired pressure in the high pressure accumulator 17.

    Die Regeleinheit der elektronischen Steuereinheit 19 besteht, wie das Blockschaltbild in Figur 3 zeigt, aus einer Kaskadenschaltung eines Reglers 191 und eines nachgeschalteten Stromreglers 192, wobei folgender Regelvorgang durchgeführt wird: Der im Hochdruckspeicher 17 herrschende Druck wird von der im Hochdruckspeicher enthaltenen Kraftstoffmenge bestimmt. Diese Kraftstoffmenge setzt sich aus dem durch die Hochdruckpumpe 15 eingespeisten Kraftstoffstrom, der während der Einspritzung abgegebenen Einspritzmenge, den über die Einspritzventile abfließenden Leckagestrom und den über das Druckregelventil 16 abgesteuerten Kraftstoff zusammen, wobei sowohl der Leckagestrom der Einspritzventile als auch die über das Druckregelventil 16 abgesteuerte Kraftstoffmenge vom im Hochdruckspeicher 17 herrschenden Kraftstoffdruck abhängen.The control unit of the electronic control unit 19 consists of as the block diagram in Figure 3 shows, from a Cascade connection of a controller 191 and a downstream one Current regulator 192, the following control process being carried out is: The pressure prevailing in the high-pressure accumulator 17 is determined by the amount of fuel in the high-pressure accumulator certainly. This amount of fuel is made up of the High pressure pump 15 fed fuel flow during the injection quantity delivered via the Injection valves flowing leakage current and the Pressure control valve 16 fuel together, wherein both the leakage flow of the injectors and the Fuel quantity controlled by the pressure control valve 16 depend fuel pressure prevailing in the high pressure accumulator 17.

    Zur Regelung des Druckregelventils 16 wird, wie das Blockschaltbild in Figur 3 weiter zeigt, der im Hochdruckspeicher 17 mit Hilfe des Drucksensors 23 bestimmte Druckwert mit einem Solldruckwert im Regler 191 der elektronischen Steuereinheit 19 verglichen. Den Solldruckwert entnimmt die elektronische Steuereinheit 19 einer als ein- oder mehrdimensionales Datenfeld ausgelegten Speichereinrichtung entsprechend den Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere deren Last oder Drehzahl. Der Regler 191, der vorzugsweise als PI-Regler ausgebildet ist, ermittelt aus dem Differenzdruckwert, der sich aus einer Subtraktion des Drucksollwertes von dem im Hochdruckspeicher 17 gemessenen Kraftstoffdruck ergibt, einen Reglerwert TV nach folgender Formel:

    Figure 00080001

  • pdif = Differenzdruckwert;
  • KP = ein vorgebener Verstärkungsfaktor;
  • Tn = eine vorgegebene Nachstellzeit.
    • To control the pressure control valve 16, as the block diagram in FIG. 3 further shows, the pressure value determined in the high-pressure accumulator 17 with the aid of the pressure sensor 23 is compared with a setpoint pressure value in the controller 191 of the electronic control unit 19. The electronic control unit 19 takes the setpoint pressure value from a storage device designed as a one-dimensional or multi-dimensional data field in accordance with the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine, in particular its load or speed. The controller 191, which is preferably designed as a PI controller, determines a controller value TV from the differential pressure value, which results from subtracting the pressure setpoint from the fuel pressure measured in the high-pressure accumulator 17, using the following formula:
    Figure 00080001
  • p dif = differential pressure value ;
  • K P = a given gain factor;
  • T n = a predefined reset time.

    • Der Verstärkungsfaktor und die Nachstellzeit werden dabei entsprechend dem gewünschten Regelverhalten des Druckregelventils 16 vorgegeben. Der berechnete Regelwert TV stellt ein Tastverhältnis des pulsweiten-modulierten Ansteuersignals für die stromführende Magnetspule 167 des Druckregelventils 16 dar, wobei das Tastverhältnis das Verhältnis von Impulsdauer, d.h. der Zeit, bei der die Magnetspule 167 mit Strom versorgt wird, zur Periodendauer, also dem Abstand zwischen zwei Stromimpulsen, wiedergibt. Der an die stromführenden Magnetspule 167 abgegebene Regelwert weist dabei weiterhin einen festen Stromwert auf. Durch die Bestromung der Magnetspule 167 wird im Druckregelventil 16 über den Magnetanker 165 eine Ankerkraft auf den Absperrkörper 163 ausgeübt, die zusammen mit der Federkraft 166 die dem Kraftstoffdruck entgegenwirkende Haltekraft des Absperrkörpers 163 bestimmt. Der sich aus dem Kräftegleichgewicht auf den Absperrkörper 163 ergebende freie Strömungsquerschnitt durch die Einlaßöffnung 162 des Druckregelventils legt den über das Druckregelventil 16 abgeführten Kraftstoffstrom und damit den im Hochdruckspeicher 17 herrschenden Druck fest.The gain factor and the reset time are included according to the desired control behavior of the pressure control valve 16 specified. The calculated control value TV represents a pulse duty factor of the pulse-width modulated control signal for the current-carrying solenoid coil 167 of the pressure control valve 16, where the duty cycle is the ratio of pulse duration, i.e. the time at which the solenoid 167 is powered is supplied at the period, i.e. the distance between two current pulses. The to the current-carrying solenoid 167 issued control value still has one fixed current value. By energizing the solenoid 167 is in the pressure control valve 16 via the magnet armature 165 an anchor force is applied to the shutoff body 163 which together with the spring force 166 counteracting the fuel pressure Holding force of the shut-off body 163 determined. The from the balance of forces on the shut-off body 163 resulting free flow cross section through the inlet opening 162 of the pressure control valve puts that over the pressure control valve 16 removed fuel flow and thus that in the high pressure accumulator 17 prevailing pressure.

    Der durch die Magnetspule 167 fließende Strom führt jedoch zu einer Wärmeentwicklung in der Magnetspule 16 aufgrund der in den stromführenden Spulenelementen auftretenden Widerstandsheizung. Diese Wärmeentwicklung beeinflußt wiederum den temperaturabhängigen spezifischen Widerstand der stromführenden Elemente in der Magnetspule 16, wobei bei den herkömmlicherweise verwendeten stromführenden Elementen der Widerstand mit der Temperatur ansteigt. Dieser durch die Wärmeentwicklung hervorgerufene Anstieg des Widerstandes in den stromführenden Spulenelementen führt wiederum zu einer Absenkung des durch die Magnetspule 167 fließenden Stromwertes. Als Folge dieser Absenkung des Stromwertes vermindert sich jedoch die am Absperrkörper 163 angreifende Ankerkraft, was zu einer Druckerniedrigung im Hochdruckspeicher 17 führt.However, the current flowing through the magnetic coil 167 leads to heat in the magnet coil 16 due to the resistance heating occurring in the current-carrying coil elements. This heat development in turn affects the temperature-dependent specific resistance of the current carrying Elements in the solenoid 16, being conventional in the used current-carrying elements of resistance increases with temperature. This due to the development of heat caused increase in resistance in the current carrying Coil elements in turn lead to a lowering of the current value flowing through the solenoid coil 167. As a result however, this reduction in the current value reduces the anchor force acting on the shut-off body 163, resulting in a Low pressure in the high pressure accumulator 17 leads.

    Um die durch die Temperaturabhängigkeit des durch die Magnetspule 167 fließenden Stroms hervorgerufene Regelabweichung auszugleichen, wird der durch die Spule fließende Stromwert mittels eines Strommessers 193 bestimmt und in einem Stromregler 192 mit dem Sollstromwert verglichen. Dieser Stromregler 192 gleicht dann eine Differenz zwischen dem gemessenen Stromwert und dem Sollstromwert durch eine zusätzliche Stromabgabe an die Magnetspule 167 aus, so daß sich wieder die gewünschte Haltekraft im Druckregelventil 16 einstellt.To the through the temperature dependence of the through the Solenoid coil 167 flowing current caused control deviation to compensate for the flow through the coil Current value determined by means of an ammeter 193 and in one Current controller 192 compared to the target current value. This Current regulator 192 then equalizes a difference between the measured Current value and the target current value by an additional Current delivery to the solenoid 167, so that again sets the desired holding force in the pressure control valve 16.

    Durch die erfindungsgemäße zusätzliche Meßgröße Magnetstromwert und deren Nachregelung in einem Unterregelkreis werden die durch die Temperaturabhängigkeit des durch die Magnetspule fließenden Stroms hervorgerufenen Störeinflüsse auf die Regelung des Druckregelventils 16 kompensiert, so daß sich ein sehr schneller Regelkreis mit einer hohen Regeldynamik ergibt. Der PI-Regler 191, der Strommesser 193 und der Stromregler 192 können dabei auch, statt in die elektronische Steuereinheit 19, direkt in das Druckregelventil 16 integriert werden. Weiterhin läßt sich die erfindungsgemäße Druckregelung bei allen Arten von Druckregelorganen mit elektromagnetischem Antrieb in Brennkraftmaschinen durchführen.Due to the additional measured variable according to the invention, the magnetic current value and their readjustment in a sub-control loop are the through the temperature dependence of the through the solenoid flowing current caused interference the regulation of the pressure control valve 16 compensated so that a very fast control loop with high control dynamics results. The PI controller 191, the ammeter 193 and the Current regulators 192 can also be used instead of the electronic ones Control unit 19, integrated directly into the pressure control valve 16 become. Furthermore, the invention Pressure control for all types of pressure regulators with electromagnetic Carry out drive in internal combustion engines.

    Claims (6)

    1. Device for regulating the pressure in a high-pressure storage system (17) for a fuel injection system with
      a pressure control element (16), which is connected to the high-pressure storage system and a shut-off device (163) activated by an electromagnetic actuation system (165, 167),
      a first regulator (191), which compares a pressure value recorded in the high-pressure storage system (17) with a predefined target pressure value and depending on the result of this comparison determines an actuation signal with a target current value for the electromagnetic actuation system of the pressure control element,
      characterised in that a second regulator (192), which is connected downstream of the first regulator (191) compares a current value recorded in the electromagnetic actuation system (165, 167) of the pressure control element (16) with the predefined target current value and in the event of a discrepancy between the current value flowing through the electromagnetic actuation system of the pressure control element and the target current value makes a subsequent adjustment to this.
    2. Device according to Claim 1, in which the first regulator (191) is a pressure regulator in the form of a PI controller.
    3. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, in which the first regulator (191) sets a pulse-duty factor for a pulse-width modulated actuation signal for the electromagnetic actuation system of the pressure control element (16).
    4. Method for regulating pressure in a high-pressure storage system (17) for a fuel injection system with a pressure control element (16), which is connected to the high-pressure storage system and has a shut-off device (163) activated by an electromagnetic actuation system (165, 167), with the following stages:
      Comparison of the pressure value recorded in the high-pressure storage system (17) with a predefined target pressure value;
      Determination of an actuation signal with a target current value for the electromagnetic actuation system of the pressure control element, depending on the result of the comparison;
      Recording of the current value flowing in the electromagnetic actuation system (165, 167) of the pressure control element (16); and
      Adjustment of the current value flowing through the electromagnetic actuation system of the pressure control element to the predefined target current value.
    5. Method according to Claim 4, in which the actuation signal is determined with the target current value for the electromagnetic actuation system (165, 167) of the pressure control element (16) by means of a PI controller.
    6. Method according to Claim 4 or 5, in which the actuation signal for the electromagnetic actuation system (165, 167) of the pressure control element (16) is a pulse-width modulated signal and regulation is effected by changing the pulse-duty factor of this pulse-width modulated signal.
    EP99907265A 1998-01-23 1999-01-21 Device and method for controlling pressure in storage injection systems with an electromagnetically actuated pressure control member Expired - Lifetime EP0970304B1 (en)

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    DE19802583A DE19802583C2 (en) 1998-01-23 1998-01-23 Device and method for regulating pressure in accumulator injection systems with an electromagnetically actuated pressure actuator
    DE19802583 1998-01-23
    PCT/DE1999/000147 WO1999037903A1 (en) 1998-01-23 1999-01-21 Device and method for controlling pressure in storage injection systems with an electromagnetically actuated pressure control member

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    EP0970304B1 true EP0970304B1 (en) 2002-12-11

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    DE19802583A1 (en) 1999-08-05
    WO1999037903A1 (en) 1999-07-29

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