EP0967438B1 - Device for feeding a burner with "Refuse Derived Fuels" (RDF) - Google Patents
Device for feeding a burner with "Refuse Derived Fuels" (RDF) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0967438B1 EP0967438B1 EP99110218A EP99110218A EP0967438B1 EP 0967438 B1 EP0967438 B1 EP 0967438B1 EP 99110218 A EP99110218 A EP 99110218A EP 99110218 A EP99110218 A EP 99110218A EP 0967438 B1 EP0967438 B1 EP 0967438B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- fuel
- screw
- burner
- feeding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003473 refuse derived fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/80—Shredding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G2205/12—Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
- F23G2205/121—Screw conveyor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G2205/20—Waste feed arrangements using airblast or pneumatic feeding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/50209—Compacting waste before burning
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/50212—Extruding waste before combustion
Definitions
- the present invention refers to a device for feeding a burner with an unconventional and compressible solid fuel having low bulk density.
- the present invention refers to a device and its use for feeding a burner with an unconventional solid fuel having low initial apparent density and that can be compressed to a high density.
- EP-A-0706839 It is well-known, from EP-A-0706839, that it is possible to produce a high-grade fuel, generally known as RDF, from the processing of urban solid waste.
- RDF high-grade fuel
- the urban solid waste undergoes an automatic treatment consisting of a rough grinding, a drying process, a deodorization step in aerated heaps, a sieving and demetallization phase, to separate the inert material, and finally a fine grinding final step.
- the so-obtained material has an inferior calorific value of about 14650 kJ/kg (3500 Kcal/Kg) and an amount of inert material lower than 20% by weight. It is, therefore, a material that can be used as recoverable source of energy and/or as an energy integration to the conventional fuels for furnaces, boilers and cement kilns.
- the published Italian Patent Application No. MI96A2715 discloses a method for sorting RDF, or another unconventional fuel, derived from a urban solid waste processing plant which consists of several steps for separating the inorganic inert materials from the combustible ones. The resulting product is finely ground and is ready for the combustion application.
- the method disclosed in IT-A-MI96A2715 comprises several operative steps:
- the main drawback of this method for the RDF sorting is that the scrapped material is discharged in the feeding pipe-line and fed to the burner through rotary cells which, because of their poor airtight, can cause reflows of air and material and, therefore, inefficiencies in the pneumatic transport lines and in the whole feeding system.
- the low bulk density of the scrapped material is not an optimal condition for a correct running both of the feeding system and of the burner.
- US-4,996,930 discloses a feed system for inceneration of contaminated material in an incinerator which operates at a reduced pressure with respect to the ambient pressure.
- the system is adapted to feed material at an high density.
- the present inventors have now invented a device for feeding a burner with a solid unconventional fuel, such as RDF, which is able to overcome the drawbacks linked with the use of the rotary cells and with the solid fuel low density.
- This device placed between the transporting container or the collecting device and the burner, enables to thicken again the material that has to be burnt, in order to be pneumatic any tight, and to feed the thickened material, through the compressed air, to the burner.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a device for feeding a burner with a low bulk density, unconventional and compressible solid fuel, which includes:
- the entrance chamber (i) of the device of the present invention corresponds essentially to the initial part of the advancing chamber.
- the hopper is set in correspondence to this chamber and fed with the unconventional fuel by, for example, the conveyer belt.
- the advancing chamber (ii) for the forward moving of the material can contain more than one screw, for example two or three screws, with mutually different phases in order to obtain a better pressing effect. It is preferred, though, to use only one screw, because otherwise, in addition to the better forward thrust effect, the material could also be subjected to a further fragmentation.
- the material is pressed in the chamber (iii) where it reaches a density between 600 and 700 Kg/m 3 , obtaining pneumatic tight.
- the pressing or compacting chamber is essentially cylindrical and has on the internal wall a plurality of contrasting elements, disposed lengthwise, which contrast the rotative moving of the material and enable its pressing.
- the contrasting elements may be either baffles emerging from the internal surface or lengthwise grooves.
- the pressing or compacting chamber can be designed in a frusto-conical shape in order to enhance the pressing effect and improve the start up of the machine.
- the pressed material is consequently cut by the blades which rotate at the same speed of the rotating screw, being connected to the screw itself.
- the cut material is sucked up by a current of air again scattered for the turbolence of the current itself and fed to the furnace in a uniform way.
- FIG. 1 is a partially sectioned side view of the device according to the invention; and FIG. 2 is a front section view according to the line AA of FIG. 1.
- the device comprises an entrance chamber 1, as initial part of the advancing chamber 2, a pressing chamber 3 and a cutting element. 4.
- the entrance chamber has an hopper 5 and a screw 6, moved by an outer engine, possibly at a varying speed, not shown in the figures.
- the screw extends in the advancing chamber for forward motion.
- the cutting element consists of a flange 8 and of blades 9.
- the operation of the present device is clearly understood from the figures and from the above description.
- the low density, unconventional and compressible solid fuel is charged through the hopper 5 and piles in the chamber 1 where it is taken by the screw 6 and moved forward along the advancing chamber 2.
- the material is pressed in the chamber 3 by the screw with the aid of the contrasting elements 10, which contrast the rotative moving imposed by the screw 6, enable the forward movement and allow the formation of an high density seal.
- the pressed material is a sort of plug causing a pneumatic seal between the chamber 1 and the current of air, under pression, which pneumatically transfers the fuel from the device to the burner of the furnace.
- the cut material falls into an air-compressed pipe line, not shown in the figures, which pneumatically transports the solid to the burner of the furnace. Therefore, the furnace is fed with a high concentrated fuel, scattered in air, as being the result of the scrapping of the material pressed in the chamber 3.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
- Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Screw Conveyors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention refers to a device for feeding a burner with an unconventional and compressible solid fuel having low bulk density.
- More in particular, the present invention refers to a device and its use for feeding a burner with an unconventional solid fuel having low initial apparent density and that can be compressed to a high density.
- With the term "low bulk density unconventional and compressible solid fuel", as used in the present description and in the claims, reference is made to combustible substances resulting from urban waste processing or from car crashing such as, for instance, the RDF (Refuse Derived Fuels), coming from the treatment of the urban solid waste, or the so-called "fluff" resulting from the polymeric residues recovered from the car crashing.
- It is well-known, from EP-A-0706839, that it is possible to produce a high-grade fuel, generally known as RDF, from the processing of urban solid waste. According to EP-A-0706839, the urban solid waste undergoes an automatic treatment consisting of a rough grinding, a drying process, a deodorization step in aerated heaps, a sieving and demetallization phase, to separate the inert material, and finally a fine grinding final step.
- The so-obtained material has an inferior calorific value of about 14650 kJ/kg (3500 Kcal/Kg) and an amount of inert material lower than 20% by weight. It is, therefore, a material that can be used as recoverable source of energy and/or as an energy integration to the conventional fuels for furnaces, boilers and cement kilns.
- The published Italian Patent Application No. MI96A2715, discloses a method for sorting RDF, or another unconventional fuel, derived from a urban solid waste processing plant which consists of several steps for separating the inorganic inert materials from the combustible ones. The resulting product is finely ground and is ready for the combustion application.
- For this second step, the method disclosed in IT-A-MI96A2715 comprises several operative steps:
- a) pressing the ground material in a parallelepiped-shaped container having a moving floor, such as, for instance, a conveyer belt, and containing an extractive screw disposed orthorgonally to the moving floor motion;
- b) transporting the container to a combustion furnace, in case it is far from the RSU processing plant;
- c) discharging the unconventional fuel, by scrapping the pressed mass with the extractive screw and activating the moving floor into a collecting device;
- d) feeding the burner with the unconventional fuel, by connecting the collecting device with a pipe fed with compressed air.
-
- The main drawback of this method for the RDF sorting, is that the scrapped material is discharged in the feeding pipe-line and fed to the burner through rotary cells which, because of their poor airtight, can cause reflows of air and material and, therefore, inefficiencies in the pneumatic transport lines and in the whole feeding system.
- Moreover, the low bulk density of the scrapped material, from about 100 to about 180 Kg/m3, is not an optimal condition for a correct running both of the feeding system and of the burner.
- US-4,996,930 discloses a feed system for inceneration of contaminated material in an incinerator which operates at a reduced pressure with respect to the ambient pressure. The system is adapted to feed material at an high density.
- The present inventors have now invented a device for feeding a burner with a solid unconventional fuel, such as RDF, which is able to overcome the drawbacks linked with the use of the rotary cells and with the solid fuel low density. This device, placed between the transporting container or the collecting device and the burner, enables to thicken again the material that has to be burnt, in order to be pneumatic any tight, and to feed the thickened material, through the compressed air, to the burner.
- Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a device for feeding a burner with a low bulk density, unconventional and compressible solid fuel, which includes:
- i. an entrance chamber having a feeding hopper;
- ii. an advancing chamber for the forward moving of the fuel consisting of a cylindrical pipe having inside at least one rotating screw, moved by an outer rotative engine;
- iii. a pressing chamber, inside which the solid fuel is pressed by the screw (ii) to a pressure of about 600 to 700 Kg/m3; and
- iv a cutting device put at the exit of the chamber (iii), connected to the rotating screw and bearing at least two self-sharping blades.
-
- The entrance chamber (i) of the device of the present invention, corresponds essentially to the initial part of the advancing chamber. The hopper is set in correspondence to this chamber and fed with the unconventional fuel by, for example, the conveyer belt.
- The advancing chamber (ii) for the forward moving of the material can contain more than one screw, for example two or three screws, with mutually different phases in order to obtain a better pressing effect. It is preferred, though, to use only one screw, because otherwise, in addition to the better forward thrust effect, the material could also be subjected to a further fragmentation.
- The material is pressed in the chamber (iii) where it reaches a density between 600 and 700 Kg/m3, obtaining pneumatic tight.
- The pressing or compacting chamber is essentially cylindrical and has on the internal wall a plurality of contrasting elements, disposed lengthwise, which contrast the rotative moving of the material and enable its pressing. The contrasting elements may be either baffles emerging from the internal surface or lengthwise grooves.
- Furthermore the pressing or compacting chamber can be designed in a frusto-conical shape in order to enhance the pressing effect and improve the start up of the machine.
- The pressed material is consequently cut by the blades which rotate at the same speed of the rotating screw, being connected to the screw itself. In order to obtain an improved pressing effect and a continuous feed, it is better to use three or four blades, set symmetrically to the rotative axis, to contrast the screw forward thrust effect.
- The cut material is sucked up by a current of air again scattered for the turbolence of the current itself and fed to the furnace in a uniform way.
- The device for feeding a burner with a low bulk density, unconventional, solid fuel according to the present invention, can be better understood by referring to the enclosed figures, which represent an exemplifying and not limitative realization thereof. In particular, FIG. 1 is a partially sectioned side view of the device according to the invention; and FIG. 2 is a front section view according to the line AA of FIG. 1.
- With reference to the figures, the device, according to the present invention, comprises an entrance chamber 1, as initial part of the advancing chamber 2, a pressing chamber 3 and a cutting element. 4.
- The entrance chamber has an
hopper 5 and a screw 6, moved by an outer engine, possibly at a varying speed, not shown in the figures. The screw extends in the advancing chamber for forward motion. In the pressing chamber are installed a rotative shaft 7, connected from one side to the screw and from the other side to the cutting element, and contrastingelements 10. - The cutting element consists of a
flange 8 and ofblades 9. - The operation of the present device is clearly understood from the figures and from the above description. The low density, unconventional and compressible solid fuel is charged through the
hopper 5 and piles in the chamber 1 where it is taken by the screw 6 and moved forward along the advancing chamber 2. The material is pressed in the chamber 3 by the screw with the aid of thecontrasting elements 10, which contrast the rotative moving imposed by the screw 6, enable the forward movement and allow the formation of an high density seal. - The pressed material is a sort of plug causing a pneumatic seal between the chamber 1 and the current of air, under pression, which pneumatically transfers the fuel from the device to the burner of the furnace.
- When the material comes to a critical density, related to its compressibility, to the push action of the screw and to the chamber design, it reaches the exit of the machine where it is cut by the
blades 9, which rotate in syncrony with the screw 6, being connected to the screw itself by the shaft 7. - The cut material falls into an air-compressed pipe line, not shown in the figures, which pneumatically transports the solid to the burner of the furnace. Therefore, the furnace is fed with a high concentrated fuel, scattered in air, as being the result of the scrapping of the material pressed in the chamber 3.
Claims (7)
- Device for feeding a burner with a low bulk density unconventional and compressible solid fuel, such as RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) or polymeric residues recovered from scrapped cars, comprising:i. an entrance chamber with a feeding hopper;ii. an advancing chamber for moving the fuel forward, consisting of a cylindrical pipe having inside at least one rotating screw, moved by an outer rotative engine;iii. a pressing chamber wherein the solid fuel is pressed by the screw (ii) to a density of about 600 to 700 Kg/m3; andiv. a cutting device at exit of the chamber (iii), connected to the rotating screw and bearing at least two self-sharping blades.
- Device according to claim 1, wherein said advancing chamber contains mutually dephased screws.
- Device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the solid fuel is pressed in said chamber where it reaches a density between 600 and 700 Kg/m3, generating a pneumatic seal.
- Device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said pressing chamber is essentially cylindrical or frusto-conical and has on the internal wall a plurality of contrasting elements disposed lengthwise.
- Device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the cutting device comprises blades set symmetrically to the rotative axis of the screw.
- A burner fed with a solid unconventional fuel having a low bulk density and a high compressibility, such as RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) or polymeric residues recovered from scrapped cars, by a device comprising:i. an entrance chamber with a feeding hopper:ii. an advancing chamber for moving the fuel forward, consisting of a cylindrical pipe having inside at least one rotating screw, moved by an outer rotative engine;iii. a pressing chamber wherein the solid fuel is pressed by the screw (ii) to a density of about 600 to 700 Kg/m3; andiv. a cutting device at exit of the chamber (iii), connected to the rotating screw and bearing at least two self-sharping blades.
- Use of the device claimed in any of the preceding claims 1-5, for feeding a burner with a solid unconventional fuel having a low bulk density and a high compressibility, such as RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) or polymeric residues recovered from scrapped cars.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT1998MI001421A IT1301772B1 (en) | 1998-06-22 | 1998-06-22 | DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING A LOW DENSITY NON-TRADITIONAL SOLID FUEL TO A BURNER. |
ITMI981421 | 1998-06-22 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0967438A2 EP0967438A2 (en) | 1999-12-29 |
EP0967438A3 EP0967438A3 (en) | 2000-03-08 |
EP0967438B1 true EP0967438B1 (en) | 2004-04-14 |
Family
ID=11380294
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99110218A Expired - Lifetime EP0967438B1 (en) | 1998-06-22 | 1999-05-26 | Device for feeding a burner with "Refuse Derived Fuels" (RDF) |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0967438B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE264482T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69916370D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2217646T3 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1301772B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT967438E (en) |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3357377A (en) * | 1965-09-03 | 1967-12-12 | Pulp Paper Res Inst | Combustion of organic waste material |
DE6600441U (en) * | 1968-09-26 | 1969-01-23 | Coutinho Caro & Co | DEVICE FOR BURNING COCOA BEAN SHELLS |
DE2432487A1 (en) * | 1973-08-24 | 1975-03-06 | Walter Rueegsegger | Conveyor system with conveyor screw |
DE2405825A1 (en) * | 1974-02-07 | 1975-08-21 | Andreas Haessler | Tunnel furnace for agricultural and forestry waste - is charged with batches of fuel and intermittent air supply |
JPS5888531A (en) * | 1981-11-19 | 1983-05-26 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Device for feeding sludge into incinerating furnace |
DE3333741A1 (en) * | 1983-09-17 | 1985-04-04 | Koch Transporttechnik GmbH, 6633 Wadgassen | Apparatus for feeding a combustion grate of a refuse combustion plant |
US4803836A (en) * | 1986-09-03 | 1989-02-14 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for feeding an extrudable fuel to a pressurized combustion chamber |
US4996930A (en) * | 1989-11-21 | 1991-03-05 | Ogden Environmental Services, Inc. | Feed system for incineration of contaminated material |
IT1270115B (en) | 1994-10-04 | 1997-04-28 | Fertilvita Srl | PROCEDURE FOR ENERGY RECOVERY FROM URBAN SOLID WASTE |
-
1998
- 1998-06-22 IT IT1998MI001421A patent/IT1301772B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1999
- 1999-05-26 EP EP99110218A patent/EP0967438B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-26 PT PT99110218T patent/PT967438E/en unknown
- 1999-05-26 DE DE69916370T patent/DE69916370D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-26 ES ES99110218T patent/ES2217646T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-26 AT AT99110218T patent/ATE264482T1/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE264482T1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
PT967438E (en) | 2004-08-31 |
ITMI981421A1 (en) | 1999-12-22 |
EP0967438A3 (en) | 2000-03-08 |
IT1301772B1 (en) | 2000-07-07 |
EP0967438A2 (en) | 1999-12-29 |
DE69916370D1 (en) | 2004-05-19 |
ES2217646T3 (en) | 2004-11-01 |
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