Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
  • G06K19/04—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the shape
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
  • G01V15/00—Tags attached to, or associated with, an object, in order to enable detection of the object
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
  • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
  • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
  • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
  • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
  • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card

Definitions

• the present invention refers to a process for the manufacturing of a transponder in accordance with the introduction to claim 1, and a transponder manufactured by means of the process in accordance to what is indicated in more detail in the introduction to claim 7.
• the invention refers to transponders which are used to identify different objects with an unique code for the object.
• the transponder conventionally incorporates an antenna and an IC circuit.
• the antenna which is used to receive and transmit, can be implemented in a number of different ways, e.g. by means of placing a wire on a flat supporting body in a zigzag pattern, or by winding a coil shaped antenna round a core.
• a coil shaped antenna wound on a ferrite core provides a very good antenna effect, and it is this type of antenna which the transponder in accordance with the invention uses.
• the IC circuit contains circuits which store a code, or sequence of codes, including some form of power source to be able to send the messages.
• a simple type of transponder can incorporate a condenser which can be charged up by the signals received from the antenna.
• the condenser can be excluded, where instead the energy stored in the coil/antenna is utilised by an IC circuit to send back the messages.
• These transponders are for example used in so-called immobilizer systems in vehicles, where the ignition key contains a transponder and an unique code, which is verified before the engine can be started.
• a process for automatic manufacturing of a transponder is previously known by virtue of US,A,5,025,550, where the transponder's IC circuit is soldered to a flexible circuit board, which circuit board is moulded into an insert in such a way that the circuit board's connection extrudes from the insert.
• the insert is then mounted on a transponder core with a wound on coil, whereupon the coil's wire ends are soldered to the connection extruding from the insert.
• An additional manufacturing process for a transponder is known by virtue of WO 96/29618, in which process a substrate which supports an IC circuit is placed into a wire winding tool, which wire winding tool constitutes a work platform for all subsequent manufacturing stages. It is also mentioned that the IC circuit can be mounted on the transponder core, whereupon the coil's wire ends are connected directly to the IC circuit.
• Another wire winding process for a transponder is also known by virtue of DE,C, where the ends of the coil's wire windings are fixed in position with a rotating worktable. The positioning of the wire ends is arranged here at a distance from the core of the transponder, resulting is a transponder with an IC circuit separate from the core (with the exception of coil's wire connections).
• EP,A,677,887 a so-called "pot-core" transponder is shown, which can be mounted recessed in the surrounding material, where the IC circuit is mounted on the outside of the cup-shaped housing which encloses the transponder, and where the coil is arranged on a core centred in the housing.
• the coil's wire ends are connected to the IC circuit arranged on the end-head by means of guiding the respective wire ends through two diametrically opposed slots in the cup-shaped housing, whereupon the wire ends are connected to the IC circuit on the exterior bottom end of the housing.
• the objective of the invention is to simplify the manufacturing of a transponder, so that the transponder can manufactured more quickly, with fewer assembly stages, lower tolerance requirements during assembly and winding of the coil's wire ends, and also that the number of component parts is minimised. This hereby achieves a transponder with low manufacturing costs and high yield from the production process.
• Another objective is to permit manufacturing where the antenna windings do not require to be applied directly on the IC circuit, which reduces mechanical stress on the IC circuit and subsequent cassation of the transponder as a result therefrom.
• Yet another objective of a more profitable manufacturing process is that the ready-made coil, mounted on a core, can easily be tested before the IC circuit is mounted. Defective coils can then be rejected before the IC circuit is mounted. This considerably reduces the number of assembled transponders which require cassation, due to that the coil's inductive characteristics vary during production and constitute the biggest source of faults for rejected transponders.
• Figure 1 shows a transponder in accordance with the invention
• Figures 2a-2c show how a transponder core in accordance with the invention can be prepared prior to mounting of an IC circuit and winding of wire on the coil
• Figures 3a-3c show the manufacturing stages for a first advantageous assembly process for a complete transponder
• Figure 3d shows an IC circuit with its connection points
• Figures 4a-4d show the manufacturing stages for a second advantageous assembly process for a complete transponder, and;
• Figure 5 shows a third advantageous assembly process of a complete transponder.
• FIG. 1 shows a transponder in accordance with the invention.
• the transponder consists of a coil carrier 2 elongated along a lengthwise axis 19, which coil carrier is dimensionally limited by a shell surface 22 the generatrix of which is parallel to the coil carrier's lengthwise axis 19 and two end-head surfaces 20, 21 essentially arranged orthogonally with the coil carrier's lengthwise axis.
• the coil carrier is preferably manufactured of ferrite, either in the form of an electrically conductive or non electrically conductive ferrite material.
• the coil carrier has a cylindrical form in the design example shown in figure 1, but may also be manufacturing of bar-shaped material with a multi-faceted cross-section.
• a thin gauge coil wire 5 is wound on the shell surface 22 of the coil carrier 2, which forms an antenna.
• a coil 4 is wound on the coil carrier, with a thin gauge coil wire 5.
• the coil forms the antenna which is required to receive and transmit respective signals.
• signal is also meant the ability of the transponder to influence the field built up by the transmitter, which field changes can be detected.
• An IC circuit 3 is connected to the wire ends 12, 13 of the coil in order to achieve a functional transponder.
• the coil carrier is coated with a first and second electrically conductive coating, 10 and 11, to bring the wire ends 12, 13 in contact with the respective connections 31, 32 (see figure 3d), which coatings are insulated in relation to each other.
• the first and second electrically conductive coatings, 10 and 1 both have an extension over at least one part of the coil carrier's shell surface 22 and at least one part of one of the coil carrier's end-head surfaces, in figure 1 end-head surface 20.
• the coatings form two essentially similar and in relation to each other insulated but electrically conductive coatings on the end parts, where each electrically conductive coating covers a crescent-shaped part of the coil carrier's end-head and connecting surfaces on the shell surface. Only a lesser part of the shell surface 22 is coated, seen lengthwise from the coated end-head surface 20 less than 20 %, preferably only a few per cent of the coil carrier's length, and covering only one sector segment of the shell surface less than 160- 170 degrees.
• Each crescent-shaped coating on the end-head shall cover less than 50 % of the end- head's total surface, preferably in the magnitude of 30-40 %.
• the antenna wire's first and second wire ends, 12 and 13 are connected to the first and second coating, 10 and 1 1, on the coil carrier's shell surface 22.
• the IC circuit 3 is mounted on the coated end-head so that its first and second connection point, 31 and 32, are connected to the first and second coating, 10 and 1 1, on the coil carrier's 2 end-head surface 20.
• the figures 2a-2c show a simple manufacturing process where the coil carrier is provided with a first and second coating, 10 and 1 1.
• an electrically insulating coating 23 shall be applied on the coil carrier's end section. This can preferably be implemented by means of a simple dip process where the coil carrier is dipped in an insulation liquid, which insulation liquid leaves a film on the end section which can be brought to a solid state with some form of hardening process, e.g. air, IR, or heat treatment.
• an electrically conductive coating 24 is applied in a similar way.
• the end section is processed so that one part 25 of the electrical coating is removed across the end section of the end-head, in such a way that two essentially similar and insulated in relation to each other but electrically conductive coatings 10, 11 are formed on the end section, where each electrical coating covers a crescent-shaped part of the coil carrier's end-head and connecting surfaces on the shell surface.
• the processing of the electrically conductive coating can be conducted in a number of ways. Mechanical processing, etching, or some other similar process can be used.
• the coatings can be applied by means of a spray tool, injection moulding or electrostatic surface treatment, where the surfaces which are not to be coated are masked.
• the coil carrier 2 can be provided with a guide slot 29 with the objective of localising the coil carrier for subsequent assembly.
• the figures 3a-3c show how a transponder is assembled on a coil carrier 2 which is covered with a first and second coating, 10 and 1 1, in figure 3a.
• the IC circuit 3 is mounted across the end-head 20.
• the IC circuit is shown in figure 3d seen from below, and is provided with two connection points 31 and 32.
• the IC circuit can be connected in a number of ways. Solder material can be applied on the coatings 10 and 1 1, after which soldering can be conducted with IR soldering or some other similar method. Alternatively the IC circuit can be provided with solder on the connection points 31 and 33.
• the coil carrier 2 and the mounted IC circuit 3 can be provided with their coil winding in a coil winding station, where the coil wire's 5 ends 12 and 13 are connected to the first and second coating, 10 and 1 1, on the coil carrier's shell surface 22.
• the coil wire's 5 ends 12 and 13 can be connected in a number of ways. Solder material can be applied on the coatings 10 and 1 1, after which soldering is conducted by IR soldering or some other similar method. Alternatively the ends 12, 13 can be provided with solder on the connecting points 14, 15.
• Figures 4a-4d show an alternative assembly sequence, where the coil wire is first wound on the coil carrier, figure 4b, after which the IC circuit is mounted on the coil carrier 2 and the coil wound on it, figure 4c.
• This assembly sequence allows the antenna made on the coil carrier to be tested in terms of inductance for verification that the inductance lies within the given acceptance interval, which testing and verification is conducted before the IC circuit is anchored to the coil carrier.
• Defective coils can then be rejected before the IC circuit is mounted. This reduces to a considerable extent the number of assembled transponders which are rejected, since the coil's inductive properties vary during production, and constitute the biggest fault source for scrapped transponders.
• Figure 5 shows an alternative method of assembling the transponder.
• An electrically conductive glue is applied here, preferably epoxy glue, in two strings, 33 and 34, on the coil carrier's end section. Each string is applied in a thin strip from the one half of the end-head 20 and down over the shell surface 22.
• the strings 33, 34 are applied so that a sufficient insulation distance is achieved between the strings.
• an insulation layer 23 shall also be applied in the same way as shown in figure 2a.
• This technique enables a rapid assembly process, where the coil winding can be applied in a first stage, after which the glue strings are applied and the coil wire ends 12, 13 are connected to the glue strings on the shell surface and the IC circuit 3 is pressed firmly to the glue strings on the end-head surface 20.
• coil wire which has protective paint
• the protective paint shall be removed on the ends with a suitable process. During soldering and other similar processes the protective paint is removed in the heating process.
• the assembled transponder 1 can in a conventional manner be provided with protective paint and then be moulded into a glass cylinder. This glass cylinder can then be moulded into the object which shall be given an unique code.
• the invention can be varied in a number of ways within the framework for the claims. The most important thing is that no extra conductor substrates are required, and that the actual coil carrier constitutes the supporting body for the electrical conductor connections between the IC circuit and the coil winding.
• the design example shown in figure 2c also implies that the tolerance requirements during the mounting of the IC circuit to the end-head are set very low.
• the IC circuit can be permitted rotational positioning round the axis 19 within a very large angular range, in practice exceeding ⁇ 45 degrees, from a centred normal position. In a similar way the positioning of the wire ends 12, 13 can permit rotational positioning round the axis 19 within a very large angular range over the shell surface.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geophysics (AREA)
• Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
• Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)

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• 1997
  • 1997-03-11 SE SE9700908A patent/SE9700908L/ not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1998
  • 1998-03-10 WO PCT/SE1998/000430 patent/WO1998040766A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1998-03-10 EP EP98909923A patent/EP0966695A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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