EP0963503B1 - Cle de vissage a commande pneumatique - Google Patents

Cle de vissage a commande pneumatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0963503B1
EP0963503B1 EP98902096A EP98902096A EP0963503B1 EP 0963503 B1 EP0963503 B1 EP 0963503B1 EP 98902096 A EP98902096 A EP 98902096A EP 98902096 A EP98902096 A EP 98902096A EP 0963503 B1 EP0963503 B1 EP 0963503B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jaw
tubular
rotary
power tong
active
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98902096A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0963503A1 (fr
Inventor
Gary D. Mcdaniels
Patrick D. Cummings
Michael W. Hayes
Stephen L. Albright
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Weatherford Lamb Inc
Original Assignee
Weatherford Lamb Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/802,629 external-priority patent/US6082224A/en
Application filed by Weatherford Lamb Inc filed Critical Weatherford Lamb Inc
Publication of EP0963503A1 publication Critical patent/EP0963503A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0963503B1 publication Critical patent/EP0963503B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/16—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints
    • E21B19/161—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints using a wrench or a spinner adapted to engage a circular section of pipe
    • E21B19/164—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints using a wrench or a spinner adapted to engage a circular section of pipe motor actuated

Definitions

  • Certain known power tongs have a body, a rotary rotatably mounted in said body and at least one active jaw which, in use, is pushed against a pipe in the rotary and grips it for rotation with the rotary.
  • the pushing action is generated by a cam member which is bolted to the rotary and is shaped so that the active jaw is cammed against the pipe on rotation of the rotary relative to the active jaw in one sense and is released on rotation of the rotary relative to the active jaw in the opposite sense.
  • activation of the active jaw relies on rotation of the rotary relative to the active jaw there is a period when the active jaw may become entrained with the rotary and rotate a small distance relative to the tubular before the active jaw is fully applied. Whilst this is of little consequence for many types of tubulars this is extremely detrimental for certain tubulars, particularly those which have special surface coating which may be torn away.
  • a power tong for rotating a tubular in wellbore operations comprising
  • the gripping element may be formed as an integral part of the jaw although the jaw will normally comprise a jaw holder on which the gripping element is mounted.
  • a power tong which is generally identified by the reference numeral 1.
  • the power tong 1 comprises an outer case 2 which accommodates a rotary 3 which can be rotated by a hydraulic motor 4.
  • the rotary 3 accommodates a jaw assembly 5 which comprises two passive jaws 6 and 7 and an active jaw 8.
  • the passive jaws 6 and 7 and the active jaw 8 each comprise a jaw holder and a gripping element removably mounted thereon.
  • the passive jaw 6 and 7 and the active jaw 8 comprises jaw holders 9, 10 and 11 respectively each of which is provided with stops 12 to inhibit circumferential displacement of their respective gripping elements 13, 14, 15 (Fig. 2B).
  • the jaw holder 9 is provided with holes 16 to facilitate attachment of the gripping element 13.
  • the active jaw 8 is provided with holes 17 to facilitate attachment of the gripping element 15 (Fig. 2C).
  • the active jaw 8 is provided with two aligned bores 18, each of which can accommodate a pin which is held in position by a circlip 20 which supports a cam follower in the form of a roller 19 shown in dotted lines in Figs. 2B and 2C.
  • Figures 3A-3D show an alternative jaw assembly to the jaw assembly shown in Figs. 2A-2D. Parts having similar features to parts shown in Figs. 2A-2D have been identified by the same reference numeral with the addition of an apostrophe. The essential difference is that the gripping elements 13', 14', 15' are mounted on respective carriers 21, 22, 23 which are mounted on their respective jaw holders 9', 10', 11'.
  • the carrier 21, 22 and 23 protect the jaw holder 9', 10' and 11' in the event that the gripping elements 13', 14', 15' are worn down.
  • Each carrier 21, 22, 23 is provided with dovetail keys 24 which slide in corresponding dovetail slots 24a in their corresponding jaw holder.
  • each gripping element 13', 14', 15' is provided with dovetails 25 which slot into corresponding dovetail slots in their respective carriers.
  • Figs. 4A and 4B the passive jaws 6, 7 are bolted to the rotary 3 which is provided with a cam 26 having a camming surface 27.
  • the active jaw 8 is mounted in the rotary 3 with its rollers (cam followers) 19 engaging the camming surface 27.
  • a first hydraulic piston and cylinder assembly 28 is pivotally connected between the passive jaw 6 and one end of the active jaw 8 whilst a second hydraulic piston and cylinder assembly 29 is pivotally connected between the passive jaw 7 and the active jaw 8.
  • the first hydraulic piston and cylinder assembly 28 and the second hydraulic piston and cylinder assembly 29 are connected to a control system which comprises hydraulic lines 30 and 31, a spool valve 32 operable by a lever 33, a reservoir 34, a bleed valve 35, a pump 36 actuable by an air supply 37, a pneumatic accumulator 38, and non-return valves 39.
  • a control system which comprises hydraulic lines 30 and 31, a spool valve 32 operable by a lever 33, a reservoir 34, a bleed valve 35, a pump 36 actuable by an air supply 37, a pneumatic accumulator 38, and non-return valves 39.
  • Air supply 37 is actuated and pump 37 pumps hydraulic fluid through hydraulic line 30 to expand the second piston and cylinder assembly 29.
  • hydraulic fluid in the first piston and cylinder 28 returns to the reservoir 34 via hydraulic line 31. Contraction of the first piston and cylinder 28 is facilitated by a return spring in the first piston and cylinder assembly 28 as shown.
  • the expansion of the second piston and cylinder assembly 29 displaces the active jaw 8 relative to the cam surface 27 so that the rollers 19 roll along the cam surface 27. This urges the active jaw 8 against the tubular 29 with a force determined by the pressure of the air supply or a pressure relief valve (not shown) in parallel with bleed valve 35.
  • the rotary 3 may then be rotated to rotate the tubular 40.
  • the control system may be mounted on the rotary 3 for rotation therewith, the air supply 37 being connected to the pump 36 as and when needed, the pneumatic accumulator 38 helping compensate for any seepage.
  • the bleed valve 35 may be opened to allow hydraulic fluid to flow through hydraulic line 30 back to the reservoir 34.
  • the gripping elements 13, 14, 15 may take the form of teeth although they preferably comprise the applicants "non-making jaws".
  • a particularly suitable gripping element is disclosed in applicants co-pending PCT application PCT/GB97/ (based on GB97/01939).
  • the gripping elements can be made of a wide variety of materials, for example aluminium, zinc, copper, brass, bronze or soft steel. Optional teeth may be provided.
  • the surface of the gripping elements may be covered to conform generally to the shape of the tubular, for example as shown in Figs. 5A and 5B or of a tighter radius of curvature as shown in Figs. 6A and 6B.
  • the gripping elements may be flexible or may comprise a plurality of rigid elements laid side by side. Although not recommended, it is conceivable that the gripping element could be formed integral with a jaw holder.
  • Fig. 7 shows a modified active jaw 8" which, in addition to comprising a jaw holder 11" and a gripping element 15" is also provided with rods 41 and 42 to facilitate attachment of the first and second piston and cylinder assemblies thereto.
  • first piston and cylinder assembly 28 and the second piston and cylinder 29 could be replaced by a single double acting piston and cylinder assembly.
  • a single piston and cylinder assembly could be used and moved from the position of the first piston and cylinder assembly 28 and the second piston and cylinder assembly 29 for breaking or making joints as desired.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Clé de vissage à commande pneumatique (1) pour la mise en rotation d'un matériel tubulaire (40) au cours d'opérations de forage de puits, la clé de vissage à commande pneumatique comprenant
    un boítier externe (2),
    un élément rotatif (3), monté par rotation dans le boítier extérieur (2) pour faire tourner un matériel tubulaire (40),
    un dispositif (4) pour mettre en rotation l'élément rotatif (3) pour faire tourner le matériel tubulaire (40),
    au moins une mâchoire active (8), montée de manière mobile sur l'élément rotatif (3) et pouvant être déplacée par rapport à celui-ci pour saisir le matériel tubulaire (40),
    la au moins une mâchoire active (8) comportant un élément de préhension (15) pour contacter la surface du matériel tubulaire (40),
    un desdits éléments, ladite mâchoire active (8) ou ledit élément rotatif (3), comportant une came (27), l'autre élément comportant un galet de came (19),
       caractérisée par
       un dispositif de précharge (28, 29) interconnecté directement ou indirectement entre la au moins une mâchoire active (8) et l'élément rotatif (3) pour déplacer en service ladite mâchoire active (8) par rapport audit élément rotatif (3), de sorte que la mâchoire active est engagée en préhension par came dans le matériel tubulaire (40), pour empêcher ainsi une rotation relative entre ladite mâchoire active (8) et ledit matériel tubulaire (40) lors de la rotation ultérieure dudit élément rotatif (3).
  2. Clé de vissage à commande pneumatique selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre
       au moins une mâchoire passive (6) fixée à l'élément rotatif (3) pour faciliter la préhension du matériel tubulaire (40).
  3. Clé de vissage à commande pneumatique selon les revendications 1 ou 2, dans laquelle ledit dispositif de précharge (28) comprend un premier assemblage à piston et cylindre (28).
  4. Clé de vissage à commande pneumatique selon les revendications 2 et 3, dans laquelle ledit premier assemblage à piston et cylindre (28) agit entre ladite mâchoire active (8) et ladite mâchoire passive (6).
  5. Clé de vissage à commande pneumatique selon la revendication 2 ou les revendications 3 ou 4, dépendant de la revendication 2, comprenant en outre
       une deuxième mâchoire passive (7) fixée à l'élément rotatif (3) pour faciliter la préhension du matériel tubulaire (40).
  6. Clé de vissage à commande pneumatique selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle ledit dispositif de précharge comprend en outre
       un deuxième assemblage à piston et cylindre (29), agence de sorte à agir entre ladite mâchoire active (8) et ladite deuxième mâchoire passive (7).
  7. Clé de vissage à commande pneumatique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre
       un système de commande pour actionner sélectivement le dispositif de précharge et pour commander sélectivement l'application d'une précharge à la au moins une mâchoire active (8).
  8. Clé de vissage à commande pneumatique selon la revendication 7, dépendant directement ou indirectement de la revendication 5, dans laquelle ledit système de commande comprend une soupape de commande (32) pour permettre l'écoulement de fluide d'un réservoir de fluide (34) sous pression vers un assemblage sélectionné du premier et du deuxième assemblage à piston et cylindre (28, 29) et pour permettre sélectivement le retour du fluide de l'autre desdits assemblages à piston et cylindre (28, 29) vers le réservoir de fluide (34).
  9. Clé de vissage à commande pneumatique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ladite mâchoire active (8') comprend un dispositif de retenue de mâchoire (11'), un support (23), monté sur ledit dispositif de retenue de mâchoire (11') et un élément de préhension (15') monté sur ledit support (23).
  10. Clé de vissage à commande pneumatique selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle ledit élément de préhension (15') est connecté de manière détachable au support (23).
  11. Clé de vissage à commande pneumatique selon les revendications 9 ou 10, dans laquelle le support (23) est connecté de manière détachable au dispositif de retenue de mâchoire (11').
  12. Clé de vissage à commande pneumatique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément de préhension (15') est flexible en vue de son adaptation à une forme externe du matériel tubulaire (40).
EP98902096A 1997-02-19 1998-01-29 Cle de vissage a commande pneumatique Expired - Lifetime EP0963503B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US802629 1997-02-19
US08/802,629 US6082224A (en) 1997-01-29 1997-02-19 Power tong
PCT/GB1998/000281 WO1998037304A1 (fr) 1997-02-19 1998-01-29 Cle de vissage a commande pneumatique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0963503A1 EP0963503A1 (fr) 1999-12-15
EP0963503B1 true EP0963503B1 (fr) 2001-07-11

Family

ID=25184262

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98902096A Expired - Lifetime EP0963503B1 (fr) 1997-02-19 1998-01-29 Cle de vissage a commande pneumatique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0963503B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU727450B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2281592C (fr)
DE (1) DE69801101T2 (fr)
NO (1) NO314272B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998037304A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2384050A1 (fr) * 2002-04-30 2003-10-30 Mccoy Bros. Inc. Cle de vissage automatique avec machoire coulissante

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2726472C3 (de) * 1977-06-11 1981-03-26 Weatherford Oil Tool GmbH, 30855 Langenhagen Rohrzange, insbesondere zum Verdrehen von Futterrohren für Bohrlöcher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69801101T2 (de) 2002-03-21
CA2281592C (fr) 2006-12-12
WO1998037304A1 (fr) 1998-08-27
NO993501L (no) 1999-10-13
CA2281592A1 (fr) 1998-08-27
AU727450B2 (en) 2000-12-14
DE69801101D1 (de) 2001-08-16
NO993501D0 (no) 1999-07-15
AU5872798A (en) 1998-09-09
EP0963503A1 (fr) 1999-12-15
NO314272B1 (no) 2003-02-24

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