EP0953189A1

EP0953189A1 - Adjustable calendar with double annual codification and global transformation

Info

Publication number: EP0953189A1
Application number: EP98944025A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Daniel Jean Maletras
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-09-19
Filing date: 1998-09-21
Publication date: 1999-11-03
Also published as: WO1999016038A1; FR2768834B1; FR2768834A1; AU9170698A

Abstract

The calendar enables without computation, the immediate reading of the present year, a past or future year, whether it is Julian or Gregorian. The invention is a device consisting of two interdependent tables, one comprising the double codification systems assigned to each of the years of the Julian and Gregorian calendars, the other the corresponding names of days of a calendar or leap year. The system enables, by locating the matching codes, to globally read any year as in a standard calendar, or to browse therein, in whichever direction, whatever the time interval selected. It can be in the form of wall year calendars with a single plate or monthly, with several sections, foldable pocket calendars, weekly or daily blank diaries, for indefinite and prolonged use in time that can be used as adjustable personal diary, or almanacs with historical or standard information content, notebook and so on.

Description

Perpetual calendar with double annual codifications and with global transformation The present invention is a perpetual calendar device making it possible to carry out the global and immediate transformation of the reading of the complete calendar of any year, regardless of that of another or all in other years, present, past or future, in Julien or Gregorian fashion, by restoring the name it bears to each day.

There are systems of perpetual calendars allowing access to the expected result, by successive postponements of codifications acquired in several tables linked together. Some systems facilitate these transfers by combining the codifications of several tables by means of tracking strips. In general, the search for the name of the days is carried out from time to time on specific dates and does not lead to an overall reading of the whole of any year.

The device of the invention is unique in that it uses a principle of global identification of each year which allows, thanks to a double coding, to establish its direct connection, without calculation or intermediate operation, with the together of the days which constitute it. It thus makes it possible to establish the detail of the fixed days and festivals which make up any year and to carry out the complete reading, in their natural order or in an indifferent order. It also gives, by memorizing several codes, the possibility of carrying out the simultaneous reading of several different years. The seven names of the days of the week being perpetuated according to the arithmetic base "7", the elements of this base have been codified in order to be able to identify and to match the years with the names of the days which compose them. It follows that each year of the two calendars Julien and Gregorian is divided into two periods, each coded to correspond to one of the seven codes used to identify the days of a week.

The system comprises two tables, both containing the codifications which reciprocally relate any year to its detailed calendar. The first contains the codification of the years, the second contains the codification of the days. The codes of one correspond with those of the other in such a way that on the one hand, and among other examples (plates (1) and (3)), in the Gregorian period, the code (P1) assigned to Monday January 1 corresponds to the code for the first part of the year 1900; that the one (P2) assigned to Tuesday, January 1 corresponds to the code of the first part of the year 1901; that the one (P3) assigned to Wednesday, January 1 corresponds to the code for the first part of the year 1902; that the one (P4) assigned to Thursday January 1 corresponds to the code for the first part of the year 1903; that the one (P5) assigned to Friday January 1 corresponds to the code for the first part of the year 1904; that the one (P6) assigned to Saturday January 1 corresponds to the code for the first part of the year 1910; that the one (P7) assigned to Sunday January 1 corresponds to the code for the first part of the year 1911; that on the other hand, in the Julian period, the correspondence of the codes is such that must, among other things, correspond the code (P1) of Monday January 1 with the code of the first part of the year 1403; the code (P2) for Tuesday, January 1 with the code for the first part of the year 1404; the code (P3) for Wednesday January 1 with the code for the first part of the year 1410; the code (P4) for Thursday, January 1 with the code for the first part of the year 1411; the code (P5) for Friday 1 January with the code for the first part of the year 1412; the code (P6) for Saturday, January 1 with the code for the first part of the year 1418; the code (P7) for Sunday, January 1 with the code for the first part of the year 1419. • The first table (figure (1), plate 1) contains the codifications of all the years in the Julien calendar of the year 1 to year 1582 (T0), year of calendar change, and all years of the Gregorian calendar from year 1582 to a virtually unlimited age (until the future calendar revision). It is composed of twelve separate grids (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L) each comprising one hundred double boxes respectively representative of each of the years of a century. The first seven grids (A, B, C, D, E, F, G) represent the centuries of the Julien calendar, the last four (I, J, K, L), those of the years of the Gregorian calendar, the intermediate grid, that of the 16th century (H), is composite and includes the transition period between the two calendars. Apart from the first century grid "0000" (G), which does not include the first double box (year 0 does not exist), the grids of the Julien calendar (A, B, C, D, E, F, G) reproduce identically twice in the same order. Thus the grids representative of the seven centuries from 100 to 700 (A to G) have codifications respectively identical to those of the period of the seven centuries 800 to 1400 (A to G). The grids of the Gregorian calendar (I, J, K, L) reproduce every four hundred years identically, according to the same arrangement as that of the centuries from 1600 to 1900, an indefinite number of times (2000 to 2300, etc. .): (I, J, K, L). Figure (2) Plate 2, shows on the grids (G) (H) and (I), the partial detail of the composition of Figure (1). Each normal year is divided into two separate periods, going from February 28 to March 1 (the first from January 1 to February 28; the second from March 1 to December 31). These two periods are represented by two adjacent boxes, each identified by a graphic code or a color: (P5, P4); (P3, P2); (P2, P1); (P7, P6); (P6, P5); etc.), identical to one of the seven codes used to identify each of the seven days of a week (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7). The identification codes (P5, P4), of a year (M) are obtained by locating the coordinates of the different elements that compose it.

Each grid has a double coordinate system making it possible to read, century by century, five horizontal bands containing twenty years each (figures (1) or (2)). The vintage of a date can be reconstituted using three added parts: number of centuries, number of decades, number of unit years, the location of the codes of a year (for example (M) = 1677, figure (2)) is therefore carried out by first looking for the century to which it belongs (l) = 1600, then by identifying the chosen year, at the intersection of the decades (N) = 70 (placed here on the ordinate) with the units (Q) = 07 (placed here, on the abscissa). The year sought (1677) is represented by a couple of boxes, the one on the left corresponds to the period from January 1 to February 28 (P5), the one on the right to the period from March 1 to December 31 (P4).

In the case of leap years (Figure (2), (R)), the two disjoint periods defined above are combined into one, continuous from January 1 to December 31, including February 29 ((P7, P7); ( P4, P4)). In the Julien calendar, these years (R) are systematically inserted every four years. In the Gregorian calendar, it is the same, except for the secular years whose vintage is not divisible by 400 which are not leap years (example: 1900). The 1500 transition grid, that of the 16th century (H), comprises two parts,

(before and after 1582). The first corresponds to the Julian calendar, the second, to the Gregorian calendar. These two parts are separated by the intermediate year 1582 (T0), which saw the change of calendar and in which ten days had to be deleted to adjust the legal time with the astronomical time. To take account of this exceptional arrangement, the representation of this year 1582 includes three boxes corresponding to three periods: (P1), (P7), (P4). The first (P1), corresponds to the current period from January 1 to February 28; the second (P7), from March 1 to October 4; the third (P4), from October 15 to December 31. Ten days, from October 5 to 14 inclusive, do not exist. This provision applied in Italy was only applied in France with a certain delay and this deleted period therefore corresponds to that of December 10 to 19. Thus in the French calendar, the reading of the three boxes will be made according to the three periods from January 1 to February 28 (P1); from March 1 to December 9 (P7) and from December 20 to December 31 (P4).

• The second table (figure (3) plate 3) is the complete codified calendar for a "typical" leap year of 366 days with, calendar by calendar, all twelve months of the year (Figure (3) shows a partial view of this set). Each date (U), includes, next to itself, the list, abbreviated or not, of the names of the seven days of the week in their traditional order and, in addition to this, a series of each of the seven distinctive, graphic codes or colored, identical to those used in the first table to codify all the periods of the years in the Julien and Gregorian calendars. Each of the names in this list (Lu, Ma, Me, Je, Ve, Sa, Di) is itself matched, opposite or superimposed, with one of the seven distinctive codes (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7) initially placed in the order required to correspond correctly with those of the first table (figure (1)), so that when two dates follow one another, all of the seven distinctive codes of the second, arranged in the same initial order, shifts one day in the positive direction of time, compared to all seven names of days remained fixed (V3, V4). The effect of this arrangement is to reproduce the initial arrangement (day names with codifications) and its next six, identical to each seven-day period (figure (3) plate 3: (V1), (V2), (V3), (V4), (V5), (V6), (V7))

Figure (3) shows in fixed part, the names of the days of the week (Mon, Tue,

Me, Je, Ve, Sa, Di), while the series of seven codes (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7) shifts by one day to each calendar following its previous one. The same result can be obtained reciprocally. It is indeed possible, either to shift the codes in front of the names that have remained fixed; either in the opposite direction, to shift the names in front of the codes which have remained fixed (figure (4), plate 4).

The reading in order, day after day, of a normal year is carried out by considering in the first period, until February 28, the names affected by the first code found in the first table, then, passing the day of February 29 which only exists in leap years, to continue from March 1, in the second period, with the names assigned to the second code of the year. For leap years that include all 366 days of the base calendar, the two periods of the year are adjacent and combined into one. They are therefore assigned the same representative symbol throughout the year.

After having visualized the two codes which characterize a year, it is possible to apprehend a part or the whole of this one and to evolve thereafter, as in a normal calendar, without order necessary, in any what time interval and in any direction. The subsequent choice to read one or more other years requires, each time, only recognition of their two codes in the first table and their location in the two periods of the second. Highlighting the two codes (P5, P4) of a year "M"

(corresponding here to 1677), (figure (2), plate 2), and their respective locations in one and the other of the two periods to which they correspond in the second table (figure (3), plate 3), allows to carry out without any calculation, with regard to these, the immediate reading of the name and the date of each day of this year and by extension to obtain the complete calendar - on any day of the first period of "M "(P5), correspond a name (Ve) and a date (U5) (here Friday February 26, 1677) and in the same way, on any day of the second period (P4), correspond a name (I) and a calendar (U4) (here Thursday, December 23, 1677). Conversely, the identification in the second table of the codification of a calendar affected by a determined name, makes it possible to find in the first table, by identification of the same codification in the corresponding period, all of the years containing a day of same characteristics - it will thus be possible to determine all the years whose Christmas day falls on a Monday ((P6), figure (3)).

According to the particular modes of the invention, the first table can show each centenary period presenting in isolation its own system of coordinates, showing the decades on the ordinate and the years on the abscissa (figure (5), plate 5: (A), (B ), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), (H), (I), (J), (K), (L)); in another form of presentation (figure (6), plate 6), the set of the two Julien and Gregorian calendars in the first table is presented with the same coordinate system as above and arranged in a compact form: (A), ( B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), (H), (I), (J), (K), (L), which allows it to present a character universal: each country having its own calendar change year (TO), (T2), (T3), etc., the transition years are placed in the margin of the central table with the year preceding it in the Julien calendar on the left and on the right the following year in the Gregorian calendar; the set presented in the central part being that corresponding to the change of calendar of 1582 (TO), the codifications to be taken into account, for a country whose change of calendar took place in 1724 (Q3), will be the three periods of the change from 1724 placed outside the central grid (T3), preceded in the Julien calendar by secular periods (G) (without the year 0000), (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) , (F), (G), and again (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G) continued by (A0), (B0) and the beginning of (CO) until 1723 inclusive; these three periods of 1724 (T3) will be followed in the Gregorian calendar of the secular period (J), partially since 1725 inclusive, then (K), (L) and so on repeating after and perpetually, the secular periods (I ), (J), (K) and (L); we will proceed in the same way for any other year, as to find the codes of the periods corresponding to the countries having made the calendar change in 1584 (T2): we will consider the secular periods (G) (without 0000), (A), ( B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G) , and (A0) up to and including 1583, then the three periods of the year 1584, and then the secular period (H) since 1585, followed by (I), (J), (K), (L) and so on, these four periods repeating perpetually.

According to other particular modes of presentation, the first table may present only partially, one or the other of the two calendars Julien and Gregorian; its coordinate system can be inverted and present the years on the ordinate and the decades on the abscissa; the two tables can be combined into a single assembly which can be positioned on any horizontal or vertical support and allowing their global viewing; the list of the seven days of the week in the second table (figure (7), plate 7), each day being respectively assigned its initial coding, can be presented with regard to the sequence of dates, in an order different from the order traditional and to correspond to the first day of the base year, a distribution not necessarily starting with a "Monday"; the second table can be split so as to be able to present, one by one, or in groups, the twelve months of the year on different tables; in this case the calendar can be made up of a "notebook" of tables (figure (8), plate 7) formed of a shutter internally containing the first table foldable perpendicularly on a notebook of shutters containing the second table according to the number of sections envisaged, so as to allow simultaneous viewing; the second table is split (figure (9), plate 7), so as to be able to present, one by one, calendar by calendar, all the days of the year on separate supports, backed or not - page by page or sheet by sheet - According to another embodiment (figure (10), plate 8), the system is characterized in that the names of the days are placed weeks after weeks from Monday to Sunday, in a continuous horizontal line. One by one, each of the seven codes (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7) arranged in a horizontal continuous band, is assigned to each calendar day of the standard year of 366 days, from January 1 to December 31 . The seven bands of codes, each superimposed on all the calendar of the year, are placed one below the other, in the required order, by shifting one day at each overlay (X). The names of the days of the week are placed in a continuous strip in the traditional order (Lu, Ma, Me, Je, Ve, Sa, Su). As in the table in figure (3) plate 3, the first calendar of the first coded strip (January 1) is mapped to Monday, the second to Tuesday and so on, throughout the typical year (W). To facilitate reading, the continuous set formed by the highest of the seven bands is divided into sequences of seven days, corresponding to pseudo-weeks. The set, given the offset of the seven bands and the total number of days in the year, therefore comprises 54 sequences of seven days. Reading is carried out as above, first by identifying in the first table, tracking codes for a chosen year, then, by reading in the second table, the bands corresponding to one, then to the other. symbol. The detail of the days of the year is established by simultaneously reading the dates contained on these bands in correspondence with that of the continuous list of names of days (Z). In another embodiment (figure (11), board 9), variant of that of figure (4) board 4, the first seven bands of repetitive codes ((V1), (V2), (V3), (V4 ), (V5), (V6), (V7)) are each placed before all the dates assigned the same codifications. The dates are grouped by month, identified by different funds. All the months can be split on a table or arranged on the same horizontal strip and folded in accordion to constitute a pocket calendar (figure (12), plate 9).

The invention, in addition to calendars, almanacs or ephemeris makes it possible to create perpetual daily agendas that can be consulted in real time, continuously or sequentially, in chronological order or in any order for an indefinite number of 'years. These may contain, page by page, relating to each date, pre-existing information concerning events of a historical nature or be made up only of blank media which may be informed in the future by personal information, collected daily day after day, over several years, like a newspaper. The duration of use of the calendar is not limited in time except for the relationship between the allocated space and the amount of information to be included. The invention which makes it possible, at any level whatsoever in the Gregorian mode to carry out the reading of the days of a year in the Julien mode, can moreover, by simultaneous reading of their respective codes, in the two tables, serve to quickly establish the conversion of all the dates of an era that has remained in the Julian calendar (for example the Orthodox calendar), in that of the Gregorian calendar and vice versa. Figure 6/9 legend

Romania

Claims

CLAIMS 1 °) Device allowing to read the complete calendar of any year and to obtain its global transformation into that of one or more other past, present or future years, without need of calculation; characterized in that it consists of two interdependent tables comprising one the double codifications of each of the years of the Julian and Gregorian calendars, the other the corresponding codifications of each of the seven names of days which can affect each of the dates of a typical leap year; in that the first table (Plate 1) contains an appropriate coordinate system allowing the location of each year by combination of secular periods, decades and unit years; each year being identified there by two consecutive codes each symbolized by a graphic or a color, corresponding to one of the seven codifications used in the second table to identify the names of the days of each calendar; for a normal year, the two codes being distinct and corresponding respectively to the periods from January 1 to February 28 and from March 1 to December 31; for a leap year, the two codes being identical and corresponding to all the days of the year; the initial year of transition (1582) between the Julian and Gregorian calendars comprising three coded boxes corresponding to three periods (January 1 to February 28; March 1 to the last day of the Julian calendar; first day of the Gregorian calendar to December 31); the date of adoption of the Gregorian calendar being variable according to the states, the first table of each specific calendar comprising a specific year of transition represented by three codes corresponding to three specific periods; a coded period of any year from the first table corresponding, in the same period of the second, to all the names of days assigned the same code; in that the second table (Plate 3) comprises all of the 366 calendar days of all the twelve months of a typical leap year; each date being compared with the series of names of the days of the week, placed in the traditional order and assigned each one of the seven codes which corresponds to them; these codes shifting by one day with respect to the names of the days of the week, in positive time sense on each calendar day following a previous calendar day; the arrangements of the codes and of the resulting days reproducing identically in each period of seven days; each codified name of any date from one of the periods in this table corresponding, in the first, to one or more years affected by the same code for the same period;

2) Device according to claim (1), characterized in that, in the second table, the names of the days of the week, assigned their codes are arranged opposite each date in a different order from that of the traditional order (Figure (4), plate 4; figure (7), plate 7).

3 °) Device according to claims (1) or (2), characterized in that the first table comprises a multiple coordinate system using the secular periodicities of the codifications of each of the calendars (Plate 6); the transition years after 1582, coded according to their own annual periods ((T2), (T3)), being placed exhaustively or not, on the margin of the central grid, to allow reciprocal conversions between Julian and Gregorian dates from different calendars; 4 °) Device according to one of claims (1) to (3) characterized in that the second table is divided according to different periodicities and that it comprises for each of them, a specific table as well as a flap orthogonally foldable allowing the first table to be read simultaneously with each of the parts of the second (Figure (8), plate 7). 5 °) Device according to one of claims (1) to (3), characterized in that the second table is divided according to each of the 366 calendar days of the standard year; the whole constituting a perpetual daily diary (Figure (9), plate 7);

6 °) Device according to one of claims (1) to (3), characterized in that, in the second table (Figure (10), plate 8), seven suites of 366 calendars of the typical year are arranged on seven rows opposite the periodic sequence of the seven names of the days of the week; each row being assigned one of the seven codes and placed below one another in the order of coding the days of the week, shifting from the previous one, by one day in a sense of positive time; the set consisting of the rows of names and dates being partitioned according to the weeks of the first row; this fractionation determining 54 sections or pseudo-weeks in the seven rows of superimposed dates.

7 °) Device according to one of claims (2) to (3), characterized in that in the second table (Figure (11), plate 9), the seven periodic sequences of names of codified days are superimposed opposite all of the dates to which they correspond, placed themselves in their order of appearance according to a succession of juxtaposed columns of seven dates each; the dates of two consecutive months being identified in different ways;

8 °) Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the format of the tables being indifferent, they can appear on any support, individual or grouped, allowing global or sequenced visualizations and using or not appropriate folding systems. AMENDED CLAIMS

[received by the International Bureau on January 28, 1999 (01/28.99); claims 9 and 10 added; other claims unchanged (1 pages)]

9 °) Device according to one of claims (1) to (3) and (8), characterized in that the first table is separated into two distinct parts, one containing the years with the codes corresponding to the first period, the other the years with the codes corresponding to the second period.

10 °) Device according to one of claims (1) to (5) and (8) and claim (9), characterized in that each of the fractions of the second table contains the distinct part of the first table which corresponds to its period , partially or in full, the fraction corresponding to February 29 may contain one or the other of these two parts

MODIFIED SHEET (ARTICLE -19)