EP0949455B1 - Heating device with turbo stage - Google Patents
Heating device with turbo stage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0949455B1 EP0949455B1 EP99106137A EP99106137A EP0949455B1 EP 0949455 B1 EP0949455 B1 EP 0949455B1 EP 99106137 A EP99106137 A EP 99106137A EP 99106137 A EP99106137 A EP 99106137A EP 0949455 B1 EP0949455 B1 EP 0949455B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- heating apparatus
- valve
- fuel
- fuel supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 59
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/005—Regulating fuel supply using electrical or electromechanical means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
- F23N2227/22—Pilot burners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2233/00—Ventilators
- F23N2233/10—Ventilators forcing air through heat exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
- F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
- F23N2235/14—Fuel valves electromagnetically operated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
- F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
- F23N2235/16—Fuel valves variable flow or proportional valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
- F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
- F23N2235/18—Groups of two or more valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2237/00—Controlling
- F23N2237/02—Controlling two or more burners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2237/00—Controlling
- F23N2237/10—High or low fire
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2237/00—Controlling
- F23N2237/20—Controlling one or more bypass conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2241/00—Applications
- F23N2241/02—Space-heating
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heater provided with a turbo stage, in particular for campers, caravans, etc. according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the known heaters used for mobile homes, caravans etc. have a heat exchanger and are provided with at least one burner device and with a valve for controlling the fuel supply to a pilot burner.
- the burner device generally has two burner stages and is supplied with fuel by a fuel supply line from the ignition safety valve, the fuel being supplied by means of an adjustable throttle element depending on the heat requirement of the room to be heated.
- a gas burner is known from DE 19 539 869 A1, which consists of a modulating gas solenoid valve, a two-part or multi-part gas nozzle plate for forming at least two burner stages, Venturi tubes and a burner surface.
- the gas line coming from the modulating gas solenoid valve is connected directly to one of the gas nozzle plates.
- a supply line branching off from it to the gas nozzle plate of the second burner stage contains a further, non-modulating solenoid valve. By doing this further If the solenoid valve is opened or closed, the gas solenoid valve acts either on both burner stages or only on one burner stage.
- the company brochure "630 EUROSEAT PLUS" from the SIT Group describes a gas valve used for boilers.
- This gas valve has two independent gas outlets, namely a main outlet controlled by a thermostat and a manually controlled auxiliary outlet.
- the auxiliary outlet is regulated to a certain value, on which it usually remains for a longer period of time, the regulation being carried out only by means of the thermostat for the main outlet.
- a version is described in the company brochure mentioned, in which the gas valve has only one outlet, the thermostat control of the main outlet being overlaid by the manual control of the auxiliary outlet. Additional fuel can be supplied by means of the auxiliary outlet; however, regulation by means of the thermostat is only possible for the normal amount of fuel discharged through the main outlet.
- DE 196 23 239 discloses a two-stage gas burner for use in houses or apartments with a first modulating stage and a second constant stage.
- the second stage is connected in parallel to the first stage via a solenoid valve and can be switched on and off.
- EP 0 818 655 discloses a device for the controlled reduction of a gas flow which is fed to a burner nozzle of a gas-operated cooking or baking device via a gas feed line.
- the gas feed line is branched into a number of partial gas lines which are connected in parallel to one another and via which partial gas flows can be fed to the burner nozzle.
- the device further comprises control elements with switching elements for the optional switching on and off of the respective partial gas flows and throttle elements for throttling the respective partial gas flows.
- the object of the invention is to provide a heater by means of which a rapid heating-up time can be achieved, which enables precise and reliable control of the heating output of the at least two burner stages even in the range of a heating output greater than the normal output and which, moreover, can be produced inexpensively is.
- the heater according to the invention is used in particular for campers, caravans etc. It is provided with a heat exchanger, with at least one burner device and at least two burner stages as well as a valve for controlling the fuel supply to a pilot burner.
- the fuel is fed to the burner device via a fuel supply line from the valve, preferably via a fixed throttle and by means of an adjustable throttle element, depending on the heat requirement of the room to be heated.
- the valve has a bypass valve with an actuating device.
- the bypass valve is arranged in a bypass to the fuel supply line upstream of the at least two burner stages, the fuel supply to the burner stages being increased by opening the bypass valve by means of the actuating device if heating output is greater than the normal output.
- the adjustable throttle element is arranged in the fuel supply line before it branches, but outside the bypass and after a branch from the fuel supply line to the pilot burner.
- turbo heating mode The increase in the fuel supply when the power requirement exceeds the normal power is also referred to as turbo heating mode.
- normal power is understood to mean the power that the heat exchanger of the heater can transmit through free convection without a fan is switched on.
- This maximum power which can be transmitted by free convection through the heat exchanger represents a 100% power which comprises the sum of the total power generated by the burner stages and by the pilot burner.
- this 100% power is exceeded, whereby the greater power (greater than the 100% power) cannot be transferred by free convection alone using the heat exchanger. A blower is required for this.
- a major advantage of the heater according to the invention is, among other things, that the burner device, including the at least two burner stages, can be regulated or can be supplied with a corresponding amount of fuel by means of a single bypass valve such that even when the heater is operated in the turbo heating mode, a higher output than 100 % Power can be given to the room to be heated and an exact regulation of the heating power is also possible in this power range.
- the regulation of the at least two burner stages does not take place by switching an individual burner stage on or off to achieve a higher output than the 100% output, as is the case in the prior art, but rather by operating and regulating all burner stages as a whole Power range including the power in turbo heating mode.
- the burner device is preferably designed with two burners, the two burners forming a first and a second burner stage.
- the two burners are supplied with fuel via the fuel supply line. If the need for heating output greater than normal output requires a higher fuel supply than the 100% output, the bypass valve is opened so that the first and second burner stages burn so much fuel that an output greater than normal output can be achieved, a room temperature-based regulation of the heating output also takes place in the turbo heating mode.
- the burner device is provided as a two-stage burner, the first and second burner stages being integrated in the burner device in the burner. This creates a particularly compact burner device. Regardless of whether the burner device has two separate burners or whether the first and second burner stages are integrated within one burner, both burner stages are always supplied with fuel in the entire possible power range.
- the bypass valve ensures that the individual burners are loaded with more fuel when the heating output is greater than the normal output, so that the greater heating output, i. the turbo heating mode is realizable.
- the heater has a blower which is coupled to the actuating device in such a way that the bypass valve can only be actuated when the blower is in operation at least for a heating power above normal power. If the heating output is less than or equal to 100% output, it is not necessary for the blower to be operated.
- the heat exchanger is therefore preferably dimensioned such that it is able to achieve normal power, i.e. to transfer the 100% performance. If a heat output greater than the normal output is to be transmitted, it is therefore necessary for the fan to be in operation.
- the fact that the actuating device is coupled to the blower ensures that the bypass valve only opens and only supplies the two burner stages with additional fuel when the blower is in operation. This makes it possible to provide a smaller dimensioned heat exchanger for the heater even with turbo heating and still ensure that this heat exchanger is not overloaded in the turbo heating mode.
- the fan and / or the actuating device are preferably manual actuated. However, it is also possible that the blower and / or the actuating device can be actuated automatically on the basis of a heat demand signal.
- the heat demand signal is determined via a temperature sensor in conjunction with a temperature to be set in the room to be heated and is used as a control signal for the actuating device coupled to the blower.
- the burner device is preferably designed as an atmospheric or fan-assisted burner device.
- the lines and nozzles of the burner stages and thus the burner stages themselves are dimensioned and arranged in such a way that both burner stages apply an essentially equal proportion of heating power.
- This heating output of the respective burner stages which is of essentially the same size, is realized, for example, via a fixed throttle at the fuel outlet.
- This fixed throttle forming the actual nozzle is designed as a flow orifice or as a tapering pipe tip on the fuel line.
- the tapered tube tip is preferably designed as a conical, inwardly curved, sectionally conical or cylindrical outlet, or as a slot nozzle or as a nozzle with a star-shaped multiple slot.
- the actuating device is preferably a solenoid valve. This is particularly advantageous for automatic control or the automatic actuation of the bypass valve.
- the valve for controlling the fuel supply has an additional solenoid valve, which is arranged as a bypass and, in the absence of a power supply, be it due to a failure or the lack of a power connection, the fuel supply to the pilot burner and to the two burner stages releases via the fuel supply line.
- FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of an ignition protection valve provided for a standard turbo heater.
- the turbo heater has a first burner stage 1 and a second burner stage 2 and a pilot burner 3.
- An ignition safety valve 4 is constructed in such a way that the fuel can be supplied via a pilot burner line 24 to the pilot burner 3 after a main valve 12 has been opened with the ignition fuse 13 open.
- the supply of fuel which is taken from a fuel source 16, to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2 is realized via the ignition safety valve 4 via a fuel supply line 5.
- a principal advantage of the turbo heater shown in FIG. 1 is that when the fan is switched on, a bypass valve 7, which is arranged in a bypass 26 and is opened and closed by means of an actuating device 8 in the form of a switching magnet, ie the bypass valve 7 is designed as a solenoid valve, it enables the fuel supply to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2 to be increased, so that the heating output which can be achieved by the two burner stages is greater than the 90% output.
- a main valve 12 For manual operation, a main valve 12, a push rod 15 and, connected to it, a control piston 14 are provided. By turning the push rod 15, the main valve 12 is opened via a cam, not shown, so that fuel can flow from the fuel source 16 through the main valve 12 into the part of the fuel supply line 5 up to an ignition protection device 13.
- the ignition fuse 13 interrupts the fuel supply to the pilot burner 3.
- a control piston 14 simultaneously closes the fuel supply to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2.
- the pilot burner nozzle is designed as a pilot burner fixed throttle 22 and for an output of approx. 10% of the total output of the heater is specified.
- thermocouple 19 is installed on the pilot burner 3 and supplies a voltage signal in order to keep the ignition fuse 13 open.
- the control piston 14 opens the fuel supply to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2.
- the control piston 14 is brought into a defined position, this defined position releasing a Defined cross section corresponds to the passage of a defined amount of fuel, so that the respective position of the control piston 14 a desired room temperature corresponds to the room to be heated.
- the room temperature is regulated via an adjustable throttle element 6 in the form of an expansion element, such as a bellows, as well as via a temperature sensor 10 connected to it in terms of circuitry
- Control piston 14 controls the fuel supply to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2.
- the ignition safety valve 4 further includes a fixed throttle 20. This fixed throttle 20 is dimensioned such that at most such a quantity of fuel can flow through, which is necessary to generate the 90% power through the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2. In the present example, this fixed choke is set to an output of 90%.
- the bypass valve 7 Since the heat exchanger of the heater with free convection, i.e. when the fan 9 is not switched on, a maximum heating output equal to the normal output, i.e. the 100% power can be transferred, the bypass valve 7 is closed, so that the fixed throttle 20, which is rated at 90% heating power, cannot be bypassed. If the heater is to be operated in turbo heating mode, i.e. if a heating power requirement is desired which is greater than the 90% power, then after the blower 9 has been switched on or when the blower 9 has been switched on, the actuating device 8 is activated in the form of a magnetic insert by means of a switch 17, whereby the bypass valve 7 into its Pass position is switched.
- the fixed throttle 20 is thus bypassed, and a larger amount of fuel than that possible by the fixed throttle 20 can reach the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2 via the fuel supply line 5. According to this exemplary embodiment, it is possible to increase the heating output to approximately 170%.
- a burner choke 21 is arranged immediately at the entrance to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2. These burner chokes 21 are also permanently set, each choke being set to a heating output of approximately 85%. However, it is also possible, depending on the dimensioning of the respective burner stage, for the burner chokes 21 to be set differently. The heat exchanger is therefore protected against overheating by coupling the fan operation and activating the bypass valve in the open position.
- the ignition safety valve 4 has an additional solenoid valve 11.
- the additional solenoid valve 11 is actuated by a timer 18.
- the actuation of the additional solenoid valve 11 by means of the timer 18 is, however, only possible after the desired room temperature has previously been set by turning the push rod 15.
- the main valve 12 is thereby opened.
- the fuel can thus flow to the pilot burner 3 and to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2.
- the ignition takes place by means of an automatic burner control unit which is not shown and not shown and which is known per se.
- the advantage of this second embodiment is, inter alia, that the heater can be started by an electrical signal, which is supplied by the timer 18. This makes it possible to operate the heater at a desired time, regardless of the manual operation otherwise required automatically put into operation.
- the heater can be operated for normal operation, ie up to a maximum heating power in the amount of 100% power, or the heater can be operated in the turbo heating mode after switching on via the signal from the timer 18, if there is a heating power requirement that is greater than 100% power.
- the entire basic function otherwise corresponds to that described in accordance with the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
- Fig. 3 is a bottom view of an ignition safety valve with an additional solenoid valve 11, i.e. shown with automatic actuation according to the second embodiment (see Fig. 2).
- the temperature sensor 10 is partially shown, which supplies the ignition safety valve with a signal to an adjustable throttle element 6 (not shown).
- the bypass valve 7 is shown with the actuating device 8, which is designed as a magnetic insert, i.e. both the actuating device 8 and the actuating device 11 are designed as magnetic inserts.
- the position of the bypass valve shown corresponds to the closed position. In the closed position, the fuel is supplied to the individual burner stages from the fuel supply line 5 via the fixed throttle 20 to the burner nozzles.
- the main valve 12 with its seat is also indicated in the upper outlet opening of the bottom view according to FIG. 3.
- FIG. 4 shows the closed position of the bypass valve 7 in an enlarged partial sectional view of the area marked in FIG. 3.
- the fuel is fed via the fuel supply line 5 designed as a main flow channel only through the fixed throttle 20 into the connector of the fuel supply line to the burner nozzle (not shown) of the burner device 1, 2. Because the bypass valve 7 is in its closed position, no additional fuel can be supplied to the burner device.
- FIG. 5 shows the enlarged partial sectional view according to FIG. 4, but with the bypass valve 7 in its open position.
- the fuel flows through a channel designed as a bypass channel (bypass 26) directly into the connection part of the fuel supply line 5 leading to the respective burner nozzle of the burner device 1, 2.
- the head of the bypass valve 7 designed as a piston has an annular sealing element (not designated). When the bypass valve 7 is in its closed position, this annular sealing element forms an annular sealing line, so that fuel only flows through the fixed throttle 20 and from there into the connecting piece to the burner nozzles of the respective burner device.
- FIG. 6 shows a side sectional view of the ignition safety valve shown in FIG. 3.
- the push rod 15 is indicated in the upper part of the ignition safety valve 4. Pressing the push rod 15 opens the ignition fuse 13 when the heater is started up so that fuel can reach the pilot burner 3 via the pilot burner line 24, and the control piston 14 is brought into the open position so that fuel which flows from the fuel source 16 into the fuel supply line 5 flows, can reach the burner device 1, 2.
- the main valve 12 is opened to a passage cross section, by means of which the desired temperature of the room to be heated is set and regulated in connection with the temperature sensor 10, which is partially shown.
- the ignition safety valve 4 has an expansion element in the form of a bellows 23. This expansion element is connected to the control piston 14. By means of the control piston 14, a throttle cross-section 6 is opened, changed or closed at its lower end, the throttle cross-section 6 of the throttle element being regulated (relatively roughly) as a function of the desired heating output.
- the ignition safety valve 4 also has two fuel lines, the fuel supply line 5, which leads to the burner device 1, 2, and the pilot burner line 24, which supplies fuel to the pilot burner 3.
- the burner choke 21 serves to supply only such an amount of fuel to the burner device 1, 2 that its maximum heating power is limited to approximately 170% of the normal power in accordance with the design condition for this exemplary embodiment, the 170% power mentioned being the maximum possible achievable Is the heating output of all burner stages.
- the actual ignition fuse 13 is shown in the lower part of the ignition fuse valve 4. After the ignition fuse 13 has been opened by pressing the push rod 15 and fuel flows to the pilot burner 3 and ignited there, a voltage signal is generated by means of a thermocouple 19 and supplied to the ignition fuse 13, on the basis of which the ignition fuse 13 is kept open, so that fuel always flows into the pilot burner line 24 to the pilot burner 3.
- the additional solenoid valve 11 is also shown in a sectional view.
- This additional solenoid valve 11 has a magnet insert, by means of which a piston is brought into an open position depending on, for example, the signal of a timer 18 (see FIG. 2), so that when the main valve 12 is switched on, fuel from the fuel source 16 has an opening cross section in the additional solenoid valve 11 bypassing the manually operated ignition fuse 13 Pilot burner 3 and in the fuel supply line 5 to the burner device 1, 2 can be fed.
- FIG. 7 shows an enlarged partial sectional view of area Z according to FIG. 6.
- the closing piston of the additional solenoid valve 11 is in the closed position.
- the closing piston of the additional solenoid valve 11 is shown in the open position in the same partial sectional view as FIG. 7.
- the basic arrangement of this additional solenoid valve 11 is shown in FIG. 2. From Fig. 8 it can be seen that when the piston of the additional solenoid valve 11 is open, fuel can flow both into the pilot burner line 24 to the pilot burner 3 and into the fuel supply line to the burner device 1, 2.
- FIG. 9a shows the pilot burner throttle 22 in the form of a flow orifice.
- This flow orifice has an opening of a defined size in its center, which represents the actual pilot burner throttle 22.
- the fuel flowing into the pilot burner line 24 is throttled at this pilot burner throttle 22 to such an extent that a maximum of 10% of the total heating power is generated in the pilot burner 3.
- FIG. 9b) shows an enlarged sectional view of a burner throttle 21 which is designed in the form of a flow orifice.
- This flow orifice has an opening in the central area, which represents the actual burner throttle 21.
- the size of this opening is dimensioned such that the fuel flowing in the fuel supply line to the burner device is throttled in such a way that the total heating output is not exceeded by approximately 170% (in the turbo operating mode).
- this burner choke is dimensioned so that the total output of all burner stages does not exceed 90% of the total heating output of the heater, with approximately 10% output being achieved for the pilot burner.
- the end of the fuel supply line or the pilot burner line which represents the actual burner nozzle is designed as a conical tube section with an essentially cylindrical front section.
- the burner choke or pilot burner choke is designed as a pipe tip of a defined configuration.
- the pipe tip shown which consists of a tapered section and a cylindrical section, it is also possible that the pipe tip is reduced to the throttle opening cross section in a curved configuration or that the burner nozzle is designed as a conical outlet or as a slot nozzle or as a star-shaped slot nozzle.
- the shape, size and design of the pipe tip depends on the desired throttling effect for the respective burner stage and also on the targeted influencing of a calm and optimal flame formation in the individual burner stages.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein mit einer Turbostufe versehenes Heizgerät, insbesondere für Wohnmobile, Caravans etc. gemäß Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a heater provided with a turbo stage, in particular for campers, caravans, etc. according to the preamble of claim 1.
Die für Wohnmobile, Caravans etc. eingesetzten bekannten Heizgeräte weisen einen Wärmeübertrager auf und sind mit zumindest einer Brennereinrichtung und mit einem Ventil zur Steuerung der Brennstoffzufuhr zu einem Zündbrenner versehen. Die Brennereinrichtung weist in der Regel zwei Brennerstufen auf und wird von einer Brennstoffzufuhrleitung vom Zündsicherungsventil mit Brennstoff versorgt, wobei der Brennstoff mittels eines einstellbaren Drosselelementes in Abhängigkeit vom Wärmebedarf des zu beheizenden Raumes zugeführt wird.The known heaters used for mobile homes, caravans etc. have a heat exchanger and are provided with at least one burner device and with a valve for controlling the fuel supply to a pilot burner. The burner device generally has two burner stages and is supplied with fuel by a fuel supply line from the ignition safety valve, the fuel being supplied by means of an adjustable throttle element depending on the heat requirement of the room to be heated.
Aus DE 19 539 869 A1 ist ein Gasbrenner bekannt, welcher aus einem modulierenden Gasmagnetventil, einer zwei- oder mehrteiligen Gasdüsenplatte zur Ausbildung von mindestens zwei Brennerstufen, Venturirohren und einer Brenneroberfläche besteht. Die vom modulierenden Gasmagnetventil ausgehende Gasleitung ist direkt mit einer der Gasdüsenplatten verbunden. Eine davon abzweigende Versorgungsleitung zur Gasdüsenplatte der zweiten Brennerstufe enthält ein weiteres, nicht modulierend ausgebildetes Magnetventil. Indem dieses weitere Magnetventil geöffnet bzw. geschlossen wird, wirkt das Gasmagnetventil wahlweise auf beide Brennerstufen oder nur auf eine Brennerstufe.A gas burner is known from DE 19 539 869 A1, which consists of a modulating gas solenoid valve, a two-part or multi-part gas nozzle plate for forming at least two burner stages, Venturi tubes and a burner surface. The gas line coming from the modulating gas solenoid valve is connected directly to one of the gas nozzle plates. A supply line branching off from it to the gas nozzle plate of the second burner stage contains a further, non-modulating solenoid valve. By doing this further If the solenoid valve is opened or closed, the gas solenoid valve acts either on both burner stages or only on one burner stage.
In dem Firmenprospekt "630 EUROSEAT PLUS" der Firma SIT Group ist ein für Heizkessel eingesetztes Gasventil beschrieben. Dieses Gasventil weist zwei unabhängige Gasauslässe auf, und zwar einen mittels eines Thermostaten geregelten Hauptauslaß sowie einen manuell geregelten Hilfsauslaß. Der Hilfsauslaß wird auf einen bestimmten Wert eingeregelt, auf welchem er in der Regel während einer längeren Zeitperiode verbleibt, wobei die Regelung lediglich mittels des Thermostaten für den Hauptauslaß erfolgt. Darüber hinaus ist in dem genannten Firmenprospekt eine Version beschrieben, bei welcher das Gasventil lediglich einen Auslaß aufweist, wobei die Thermostatregelung des Hauptauslasses von der manuellen Regelung des Hilfsauslasses überlagert ist. Mittels des Hilfsauslasses kann die Zufuhr von zusätzlichem Brennstoff realisiert werden; eine Regelung mittels des Thermostaten ist jedoch ausschließlich für die über den Hauptauslaß ausgelassene normale Brennstoffmenge möglich.The company brochure "630 EUROSEAT PLUS" from the SIT Group describes a gas valve used for boilers. This gas valve has two independent gas outlets, namely a main outlet controlled by a thermostat and a manually controlled auxiliary outlet. The auxiliary outlet is regulated to a certain value, on which it usually remains for a longer period of time, the regulation being carried out only by means of the thermostat for the main outlet. In addition, a version is described in the company brochure mentioned, in which the gas valve has only one outlet, the thermostat control of the main outlet being overlaid by the manual control of the auxiliary outlet. Additional fuel can be supplied by means of the auxiliary outlet; however, regulation by means of the thermostat is only possible for the normal amount of fuel discharged through the main outlet.
Aus DE 196 23 239 ist ein zweistufiger Gasbrenner zum Einsatz in Häusern oder Wohnungen mit einer ersten modulierenden Stufe und einer zweiten konstanten Stufe bekannt. Die zweite Stufe ist über ein Magnetventil parallel zu der ersten Stufe geschaltet und ist zu- und abschaltbar.DE 196 23 239 discloses a two-stage gas burner for use in houses or apartments with a first modulating stage and a second constant stage. The second stage is connected in parallel to the first stage via a solenoid valve and can be switched on and off.
EP 0 818 655 offenbart eine Vorrichtung zum gesteuerten Reduzieren eines Gasstromes, welcher einer Brennerdüse eines gasbetriebenen Koch- oder Backgerätes über eine Gaszuleitung zugeführt wird. Die Gaszuleitung ist in eine Anzahl von Teilgasleitungen verzweigt, welche parallel zueinander geschaltet sind und über welche der Brennerdüse Teilgasströme zuführbar sind. Die Vorrichtung umfaßt weiter Steuerorgane mit Schaltelemen zum wahlweisen Ein- und Ausschalten der jeweiligen Teilgasströme und Drosselelemente zum Drosseln der jeweiligen Teilgasströme.EP 0 818 655 discloses a device for the controlled reduction of a gas flow which is fed to a burner nozzle of a gas-operated cooking or baking device via a gas feed line. The gas feed line is branched into a number of partial gas lines which are connected in parallel to one another and via which partial gas flows can be fed to the burner nozzle. The device further comprises control elements with switching elements for the optional switching on and off of the respective partial gas flows and throttle elements for throttling the respective partial gas flows.
Demgegenüber besteht die Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, ein Heizgerät zu schaffen, mittels welchem eine rasche Aufheizzeit realisierbar ist, welches eine genaue und zuverlässige Regelung der Heizleistung der zumindest zwei Brennerstufen auch im Bereich einer Heizleistung größer als die normale Leistung ermöglicht und welches darüber hinaus kostengünstig herstellbar ist.In contrast, the object of the invention is to provide a heater by means of which a rapid heating-up time can be achieved, which enables precise and reliable control of the heating output of the at least two burner stages even in the range of a heating output greater than the normal output and which, moreover, can be produced inexpensively is.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Heizgerät mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen definiert.This object is achieved by a heater with the features according to claim 1. Appropriate further developments are defined in the dependent claims.
Das erfindungsgemäße Heizgerät wird insbesondere für Wohnmobile, Caravans etc. eingesetzt. Es ist mit einem Wärmeübertrager, mit zumindest einer Brennereinrichtung und zumindest zwei Brennerstufen sowie einem Ventil zur Steuerung der Brennstoffzufuhr zu einem Zündbrenner versehen. Der Brennstoff wird der Brennereinrichtung über eine Brennstoffzufuhrleitung vom Ventil über vorzugsweise eine Festdrossel und mittels eines einstellbaren Drosselelementes in Abhängigkeit vom Wärmebedarf des zu beheizenden Raumes zugeführt. Erfindungsgemäß weist das Ventil ein Bypass-Ventil mit einer Betätigungseinrichtung auf. Das Bypass-Ventil ist in einem Bypass zu der Brennstoffzufuhrleitung stromauf von den zumindest zwei Brennerstufen angeordnet, wobei im Falle des Bedarfs an Heizleistung größer als die normale Leistung die Brennstoffzufuhr zu den Brennerstufen durch Öffnen des Bypass-Ventils mittels der Betätigungseinrichtung erhöht wird. Das einstellbare Drosselelement ist in der Brennstoffzufuhrleitung vor dessen Verzweigung, jedoch außerhalb des Bypasses und nach einer Abzweigung von der Brennstoffzufuhrleitung zu dem Zündbrenner angeordnet.The heater according to the invention is used in particular for campers, caravans etc. It is provided with a heat exchanger, with at least one burner device and at least two burner stages as well as a valve for controlling the fuel supply to a pilot burner. The fuel is fed to the burner device via a fuel supply line from the valve, preferably via a fixed throttle and by means of an adjustable throttle element, depending on the heat requirement of the room to be heated. According to the invention, the valve has a bypass valve with an actuating device. The bypass valve is arranged in a bypass to the fuel supply line upstream of the at least two burner stages, the fuel supply to the burner stages being increased by opening the bypass valve by means of the actuating device if heating output is greater than the normal output. The adjustable throttle element is arranged in the fuel supply line before it branches, but outside the bypass and after a branch from the fuel supply line to the pilot burner.
Die Erhöhung der Brennstoffzufuhr bei einem Leistungsbedarf über der Normalleistung wird auch als Turboheizungsmodus bezeichnet. In diesem Zusammenhang wird unter Normalleistung die Leistung verstanden, welche der Wärmeübertrager des Heizgerätes durch freie Konvektion übertragen kann, ohne daß ein Gebläse zugeschaltet wird. Diese maximal durch freie Konvektion durch den Wärmeübertrager übertragbare Leistung stellt eine 100%-Leistung dar, welche die Summe der von den Brennerstufen und von dem Zündbrenner erzeugten Gesamtleistung umfaßt. Bei Betrieb der Turboheizung wird diese 100%-Leistung überstiegen, wobei mittels des Wärmeübertragers diese größere Leistung (größer als die 100%-Leistung) durch freie Konvektion allein nicht übertragbar ist. Dazu ist ein Gebläse erforderlich.The increase in the fuel supply when the power requirement exceeds the normal power is also referred to as turbo heating mode. In this context, normal power is understood to mean the power that the heat exchanger of the heater can transmit through free convection without a fan is switched on. This maximum power which can be transmitted by free convection through the heat exchanger represents a 100% power which comprises the sum of the total power generated by the burner stages and by the pilot burner. When the turbo heating is in operation, this 100% power is exceeded, whereby the greater power (greater than the 100% power) cannot be transferred by free convection alone using the heat exchanger. A blower is required for this.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Heizgerätes besteht unter anderem darin, daß mittels eines einzigen Bypass-Ventils die Brennereinrichtung einschließlich der zumindest zwei Brennerstufen derart regelbar bzw. mit einer entsprechenden Brennstoffmenge beaufschlagbar ist, daß selbst bei Betreiben des Heizgerätes im Turboheizungsmodus eine höhere Leistung als die 100%-Leistung an den zu beheizenden Raum abgegeben werden kann und auch in diesem Leistungsbereich eine exakte Regelung der Heizleistung möglich ist. Die Regelung der zumindest zwei Brennerstufen erfolgt dabei also gerade nicht durch Zu- oder Abschalten einer einzelnen Brennerstufe zur Erzielung einer höheren Leistung als der 100%-Leistung, wie dies im Stand der Technik der Fall ist, sondern durch Betreiben und Regeln aller Brennerstufen im gesamten Leistungsbereich einschließlich der Leistung im Turboheizungsmodus.A major advantage of the heater according to the invention is, among other things, that the burner device, including the at least two burner stages, can be regulated or can be supplied with a corresponding amount of fuel by means of a single bypass valve such that even when the heater is operated in the turbo heating mode, a higher output than 100 % Power can be given to the room to be heated and an exact regulation of the heating power is also possible in this power range. The regulation of the at least two burner stages does not take place by switching an individual burner stage on or off to achieve a higher output than the 100% output, as is the case in the prior art, but rather by operating and regulating all burner stages as a whole Power range including the power in turbo heating mode.
Vorzugsweise ist die Brennereinrichtung mit zwei Brennern ausgebildet, wobei die zwei Brenner eine erste und eine zweite Brennerstufe bilden. Über die Brennstoffzufuhrleitung werden die zwei Brenner mit Brennstoff versorgt. Wenn der Bedarf an Heizleistung größer als die Normalleistung eine gegenüber der 100%-Leistung höhere Brennstoffzufuhr erfordert, wird das Bypass-Ventil geöffnet, so daß die erste und die zweite Brennerstufe so viel Brennstoff verbrennen, daß eine Leistung größer als die Normalleistung erzielbar ist, wobei auch dann eine raumtemperatur-geführte Regelung der Heizleistung im Turboheizungsmodus erfolgt. Ein Vorteil der Ausbildung der Brennereinrichtung mit zwei voneinander getrennten Brennern besteht darin, daß im Falle eines gegebenenfalls eintretenden Ausfalls nur der jeweils defekte Brenner auszutauschen ist.The burner device is preferably designed with two burners, the two burners forming a first and a second burner stage. The two burners are supplied with fuel via the fuel supply line. If the need for heating output greater than normal output requires a higher fuel supply than the 100% output, the bypass valve is opened so that the first and second burner stages burn so much fuel that an output greater than normal output can be achieved, a room temperature-based regulation of the heating output also takes place in the turbo heating mode. An advantage of the design of the burner device with two separate burners is that in the event of a possibly occurring one In the event of failure, only the defective burner must be replaced.
Gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Brennereinrichtung als ein zweistufig ausgebildeter Brenner vorgesehen, wobei die erste und die zweite Brennerstufe in der Brennereinrichtung im Brenner integriert sind. Dadurch wird eine besonders kompakte Brennereinrichtung geschaffen. Unabhängig davon, ob die Brennereinrichtung zwei separate Brenner aufweist oder ob die erste und die zweite Brennerstufe innerhalb eines Brenners integriert sind, werden beide Brennerstufen im gesamten möglichen Leistungsbereich stets mit Brennstoff beaufschlagt. Mittels des Bypass-Ventils wird sichergestellt, daß die Beaufschlagung der einzelnen Brenner bei einem Heizleistungsbedarf größer als die Normalleistung mit mehr Brennstoff erfolgt, so daß die größere Heizleistung, d.h. der Turboheizungsmodus, realisierbar ist.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the burner device is provided as a two-stage burner, the first and second burner stages being integrated in the burner device in the burner. This creates a particularly compact burner device. Regardless of whether the burner device has two separate burners or whether the first and second burner stages are integrated within one burner, both burner stages are always supplied with fuel in the entire possible power range. The bypass valve ensures that the individual burners are loaded with more fuel when the heating output is greater than the normal output, so that the greater heating output, i. the turbo heating mode is realizable.
Gemäß der Erfindung weist das Heizgerät ein Gebläse auf, welches mit der Betätigungseinrichtung so gekoppelt ist, daß das Bypass-Ventil nur betätigbar ist, wenn das Gebläse zumindest für eine Heizleistung über der Normalleistung in Betrieb ist. Bei einer Heizleistungsanforderung kleiner oder gleich der 100%-Leistung ist es nicht erforderlich, daß das Gebläse betrieben wird. Vorzugsweise ist daher der Wärmeübertrager so dimensioniert, daß dieser in der Lage ist, durch freie Konvektion die Normalleistung, d.h. die 100%-Leistung zu übertragen. Wenn eine Heizleistung größer als die Normalleistung zu übertragen ist, ist es daher erforderlich, daß das Gebläse in Betrieb ist. Dadurch, daß die Betätigungseinrichtung mit dem Gebläse gekoppelt ist, wird somit sichergestellt, daß das Bypass-Ventil nur dann öffnet und den beiden Brennerstufen nur dann zusätzlichen Brennstoff zuführt, wenn das Gebläse in Betrieb ist. Dadurch ist es möglich, für das Heizgerät selbst mit Turboheizung einen kleiner dimensionierten Wärmeübertrager vorzusehen und dennoch sicherzustellen, daß dieser Wärmeübertrager im Turboheizungsmodus nicht überlastet wird.According to the invention, the heater has a blower which is coupled to the actuating device in such a way that the bypass valve can only be actuated when the blower is in operation at least for a heating power above normal power. If the heating output is less than or equal to 100% output, it is not necessary for the blower to be operated. The heat exchanger is therefore preferably dimensioned such that it is able to achieve normal power, i.e. to transfer the 100% performance. If a heat output greater than the normal output is to be transmitted, it is therefore necessary for the fan to be in operation. The fact that the actuating device is coupled to the blower ensures that the bypass valve only opens and only supplies the two burner stages with additional fuel when the blower is in operation. This makes it possible to provide a smaller dimensioned heat exchanger for the heater even with turbo heating and still ensure that this heat exchanger is not overloaded in the turbo heating mode.
Vorzugsweise sind das Gebläse und/oder die Betätigungseinrichtung manuell betätigbar. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, daß das Gebläse oder/und die Betätigungseinrichtung auf der Basis eines Wärmebedarfsignals automatisch betätigbar ist/sind. Das Wärmebedarfssignal wird dabei über einen Temperatursensor in Verbindung mit einer einzustellenden Temperatur des zu beheizenden Raumes ermittelt und als Steuersignal für die mit dem Gebläse gekoppelte Betätigungseinrichtung verwendet.The fan and / or the actuating device are preferably manual actuated. However, it is also possible that the blower and / or the actuating device can be actuated automatically on the basis of a heat demand signal. The heat demand signal is determined via a temperature sensor in conjunction with a temperature to be set in the room to be heated and is used as a control signal for the actuating device coupled to the blower.
Vorzugsweise ist die Brennereinrichtung als atmosphärische oder gebläseunterstützte Brennereinrichtung ausgebildet.The burner device is preferably designed as an atmospheric or fan-assisted burner device.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausbildung sind die Leitungen und Düsen der Brennerstufen und damit die Brennerstufen selbst so dimensioniert und so angeordnet, daß beide Brennerstufen einen im wesentlichen gleich großen Anteil an Heizleistung aufbringen. Dadurch ist es möglich, die Gesamtbrennereinrichtung modulartig aufzubauen, was nicht nur eine Auswechselbarkeit im Falle einer Reparatur, sondern auch die Möglichkeit erhöht, ein breites Spektrum an Heizleistung durch das Vorsehen mehrerer parallel angeordneter Brenner zu erreichen. Diese im wesentlichen gleichgroße Heizleistung der jeweiligen Brennerstufen wird beispielsweise über eine Festdrossel am Brennstoffaustritt realisiert. Diese die eigentliche Düse bildende Festdrossel ist als Strömungsblende oder als sich verjüngende Rohrspitze an der Brennstoffleitung ausgebildet. Die sich verjüngende Rohrspitze ist vorzugsweise als kegeliger, einwärts gekrümmter, abschnittsweise kegeliger oder zylindrischer Austritt, oder als Schlitzdüse oder als Düse mit sternförmig angeordnetem Mehrfachschlitz ausgebildet.According to a further embodiment, the lines and nozzles of the burner stages and thus the burner stages themselves are dimensioned and arranged in such a way that both burner stages apply an essentially equal proportion of heating power. This makes it possible to construct the overall burner device in a modular manner, which not only increases the interchangeability in the event of a repair, but also increases the possibility of achieving a broad spectrum of heating power by providing several burners arranged in parallel. This heating output of the respective burner stages, which is of essentially the same size, is realized, for example, via a fixed throttle at the fuel outlet. This fixed throttle forming the actual nozzle is designed as a flow orifice or as a tapering pipe tip on the fuel line. The tapered tube tip is preferably designed as a conical, inwardly curved, sectionally conical or cylindrical outlet, or as a slot nozzle or as a nozzle with a star-shaped multiple slot.
Des weiteren ist es gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, das Drosselelement mittels eines Signals eines Temperatursensors so zu verändern, daß der Wärmebedarf des zu beheizenden Raumes regelbar ist, wobei das Drosselelement in der Brennstoffzufuhrleitung stromauf der Verzweigung zu den einzelnen Brennerstufen, jedoch außerhalb des Bypasses vorgesehen ist. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, vor jeder einzelnen Brennerstufe, insbesondere wenn die Brennereinrichtung aus zwei unterschiedlichen Brennern besteht, ein im Querschnitt veränderbares Drosselelement anzuordnen.Furthermore, it is provided according to a development of the invention to change the throttle element by means of a signal from a temperature sensor so that the heat requirement of the room to be heated can be regulated, the throttle element in the fuel supply line upstream of the branching to the individual burner stages, but outside the bypass is provided. However, it is also possible to do this before each burner stage, especially if the Burner device consists of two different burners to arrange a variable throttle element in cross section.
Vorzugsweise ist die Betätigungseinrichtung ein Magnetventil. Dies ist insbesondere für die automatische Regelung bzw. die automatische Betätigung des Bypass-Ventils von Vorteil.The actuating device is preferably a solenoid valve. This is particularly advantageous for automatic control or the automatic actuation of the bypass valve.
Gemäß noch einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung weist das Ventil zur Steuerung der Brennstoffzufuhr ein zusätzliches Magnetventil auf, welches als Bypass angeordnet ist und bei fehlender Stromversorgung, sei es durch Ausfall oder durch Fehlen der Möglichkeit des Stromanschlusses, die Brennstoffzufuhr zum Zündbrenner und zu den beiden Brennerstufen über die Brennstoffzufuhrleitung freigibt.According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the valve for controlling the fuel supply has an additional solenoid valve, which is arranged as a bypass and, in the absence of a power supply, be it due to a failure or the lack of a power connection, the fuel supply to the pilot burner and to the two burner stages releases via the fuel supply line.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Erfindung werden nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen detailliert erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine prinzipielle Schaltungsanordnung gemäß der Erfindung für eine Turboheizung in Standardausführung;
- Fig. 2
- eine prinzipielle Schaltungsanordnung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß der Erfindung für eine Turboheizung mit automatischer Betätigung;
- Fig. 3
- ein Zündsicherungsventil in Unteransicht für eine Turboheizung mit automatischer Betätigung gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel (siehe Fig. 2);
- Fig. 4
- eine Anordnung der Festdrossel, des Bypass-Ventils und der Brennstoffzufuhrleitung in vergrößerter Teilschnittansicht in geschlossener Stellung;
- Fig. 5
- die Ansicht gemäß Fig. 4, jedoch in geöffneter Stellung;
- Fig. 6
- eine Seitenschnittansicht des Zündsicherungsventils gemäß Fig. 3;
- Fig. 7
- eine vergrößerte Teilschnittansicht des zusätzlichen Magnetventils in geschlossener Stellung;
- Fig. 8
- eine vergrößerte Teilschnittansicht gemäß Fig. 7, jedoch in geöffneter Stellung;
- Fig. 9a)
- eine herkömmliche Festdrossel am Zündbrenner;
- Fig. 9b)
- eine herkömmliche Festdrossel der Brennereinrichtung (erste und zweite Brennerstufe); und
- Fig. 10
- Ausführungsbeispiele der Ausbildung der Rohrspitze an der jeweiligen Brennerstufe.
- Fig. 1
- a basic circuit arrangement according to the invention for a turbo heater in a standard design;
- Fig. 2
- a basic circuit arrangement of a second embodiment according to the invention for a turbo heater with automatic actuation;
- Fig. 3
- an ignition fuse valve in bottom view for a turbo heater with automatic actuation according to the second embodiment (see Fig. 2);
- Fig. 4
- an arrangement of the fixed throttle, the bypass valve and the fuel supply line in an enlarged partial sectional view in the closed position;
- Fig. 5
- the view of Figure 4, but in the open position.
- Fig. 6
- a side sectional view of the ignition safety valve according to FIG. 3;
- Fig. 7
- an enlarged partial sectional view of the additional solenoid valve in the closed position;
- Fig. 8
- an enlarged partial sectional view of FIG 7, but in the open position.
- 9a)
- a conventional fixed throttle on the pilot burner;
- Fig. 9b)
- a conventional fixed throttle of the burner device (first and second burner stage); and
- Fig. 10
- Embodiments of the design of the pipe tip at the respective burner stage.
Fig. 1 zeigt ein Schaltschema eines für eine Standard-Turboheizung vorgesehenen Zündsicherungsventils. Die Turboheizung weist eine erste Brennerstufe 1 und eine zweite Brennerstufe 2 sowie einen Zündbrenner 3 auf. Ein Zündsicherungsventil 4 ist so aufgebaut, daß die Brennstoffzufuhr über eine Zündbrennerleitung 24 zum Zündbrenner 3 nach Öffnen eines Hauptventils 12 bei geöffneter Zündsicherung 13 ermöglicht ist. Darüber hinaus wird über das Zündsicherungsventil 4 über eine Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 5 die Zufuhr von Brennstoff, welcher einer Brennstoffquelle 16 entnommen wird, zu der ersten Brennerstufe 1 und der zweiten Brennerstufe 2 realisiert. Im Normalbetrieb erfolgt die Brennstoffzufuhr über die Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 5 zu der ersten Brennerstufe 1 und der zweiten Brennerstufe 2 derart, daß beide Brennerstufen insgesamt eine maximale Heizleistung gleich der 100%-Leistung minus der Leistung des Zündbrenners, welcher ca. 10% liefert (Normalleistung + Zündleistung = 100%), bereitstellen. Ein prinzipieller Vorteil der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Turboheizung besteht darin, daß bei eingeschaltetem Gebläse ein Bypass-Ventil 7, welches in einem Bypass 26 angeordnet ist und mittels einer Betätigungseinrichtung 8 in Form eines Schaltmagneten geöffnet und geschlossen wird, d.h. das Bypass-Ventil 7 ist als Magnetventil ausgebildet, es ermöglicht, daß die Brennstoffzuführ zu der ersten Brennerstufe 1 und der zweiten Brennerstufe 2 erhöht werden kann, so daß die durch die beiden Brennerstufen erzielbare Heizleistung größer als die 90%-Leistung ist.1 shows a circuit diagram of an ignition protection valve provided for a standard turbo heater. The turbo heater has a first burner stage 1 and a second burner stage 2 and a pilot burner 3. An ignition safety valve 4 is constructed in such a way that the fuel can be supplied via a pilot burner line 24 to the pilot burner 3 after a main valve 12 has been opened with the ignition fuse 13 open. In addition, the supply of fuel, which is taken from a fuel source 16, to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2 is realized via the ignition safety valve 4 via a fuel supply line 5. In normal operation, the fuel is supplied via the fuel supply line 5 to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2 in such a way that both burner stages have a maximum total heating output equal to the 100% output minus the output of the pilot burner, which delivers approx. 10% (normal output + ignition output = 100%). A principal advantage of the turbo heater shown in FIG. 1 is that when the fan is switched on, a bypass valve 7, which is arranged in a bypass 26 and is opened and closed by means of an actuating device 8 in the form of a switching magnet, ie the bypass valve 7 is designed as a solenoid valve, it enables the fuel supply to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2 to be increased, so that the heating output which can be achieved by the two burner stages is greater than the 90% output.
Nachfolgend wird die prinzipielle Funktionsweise der in Fig. 1 beschriebenen Turboheizung in Standardausführung mit dem Zündsicherungsventil 4 beschrieben. Zur manuellen Bedienung sind ein Hauptventil 12, eine Druckstange 15 und damit verbunden ein Regelkolben 14 vorgesehen. Durch Drehen der Druckstange 15 wird über eine nicht dargestellte Kurvenscheibe das Hauptventil 12 geöffnet, so daß Brennstoff von der Brennstoffquelle 16 durch das Hauptventil 12 in den Teil der Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 5 bis zu einer Zündsicherung 13 strömen kann. Die Zündsicherung 13 unterbricht die Brennstoffzufuhr zum Zündbrenner 3. Durch Drücken der Druckstange 15 wird die Zündsicherung 13 jedoch geöffnet, so daß der Brennstoff zum Zündbrenner 3 gelangt. Ein Regelkolben 14 verschließt gleichzeitig die Brennstoffzufuhr zu der ersten Brennerstufe 1 und der zweiten Brennerstufe 2. Durch die so geöffnete Zündsicherung 13 strömt der Brennstoff über die Zündbrennerleitung 24 durch eine Zündbrennerdüse in den Zündbrenner 3. Die Zündbrennerdüse ist als Zündbrenner-Festdrossel 22 ausgebildet und für eine Leistung von ca. 10% der Gesamtleistung des Heizgerätes festgelegt.The basic mode of operation of the turbo heater described in FIG. 1 with the ignition protection valve 4 is described below. For manual operation, a main valve 12, a push rod 15 and, connected to it, a control piston 14 are provided. By turning the push rod 15, the main valve 12 is opened via a cam, not shown, so that fuel can flow from the fuel source 16 through the main valve 12 into the part of the fuel supply line 5 up to an ignition protection device 13. The ignition fuse 13 interrupts the fuel supply to the pilot burner 3. However, by pressing the push rod 15, the ignition fuse 13 is opened so that the fuel reaches the pilot burner 3. A control piston 14 simultaneously closes the fuel supply to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2. Through the ignition fuse 13 thus opened, the fuel flows through the pilot burner line 24 through a pilot burner nozzle into the pilot burner 3. The pilot burner nozzle is designed as a pilot burner fixed throttle 22 and for an output of approx. 10% of the total output of the heater is specified.
Neben der Möglichkeit, die Druckstange 15 zum Öffnen der Zündsicherung 13 zu drücken, ist es möglich, die Druckstange 15 zu drehen. Durch Drehen der Druckstange 15 wird ein nicht bezeichneter Zündautomat aktiviert, wobei über eine ebenfalls nicht bezeichnete Zündkerze der Brennstoff gezündet wird. Dadurch ist am Zündbrenner 3 eine Zündflamme vorhanden. Am Zündbrenner 3 ist ein Thermoelement 19 installiert, welches ein Spannungssignal liefert, um die Zündsicherung 13 geöffnet zu halten.In addition to the possibility of pressing the push rod 15 to open the ignition fuse 13, it is also possible to turn the push rod 15. By turning the push rod 15, an igniter, which is not shown, is activated, the fuel being ignited via a spark plug, also not shown. As a result, an ignition flame is present on the pilot burner 3. A thermocouple 19 is installed on the pilot burner 3 and supplies a voltage signal in order to keep the ignition fuse 13 open.
Wird nun die Druckstange 15 nicht mehr gedrückt, so öffnet der Regelkolben 14 die Brennstoffzufuhr zu der ersten Brennerstufe 1 und der zweiten Brennerstufe 2. Durch das Drehen der Druckstange 15 wird der Regelkolben 14 in eine definierte Position gebracht, wobei diese definierte Position der Freigabe eines definierten Querschnittes zum Durchtritt einer definierten Brennstoffmenge entspricht, so daß die jeweilige Position des Regelkolbens 14 einer gewünschten Raumtemperatur des zu beheizenden Raumes entspricht. Die Regelung der Raumtemperatur erfolgt über ein einstellbares Drosselelement 6 in Form eines Ausdehnungselementes, wie z.B. ein Balg sowie über einen damit schaltungsmäßig verbundenen Temperatursensor 10. Auf der Basis des vom Temperatursensor 10 gelieferten Signals in Verbindung mit der durch Drehen der Druckstange 15 erzielten jeweiligen Position des Regelkolbens 14 wird die Brennstoffzufuhr zu der ersten Brennerstufe 1 und der zweiten Brennerstufe 2 geregelt. Das Zündsicherungsventil 4 beinhaltet des weiteren eine Festdrossel 20. Diese Festdrossel 20 ist so bemessen, daß maximal eine solche Brennstoffmenge hindurchströmen kann, welche zur Erzeugung der 90%-Leistung durch die erste Brennerstufe 1 und die zweite Brennerstufe 2 erforderlich ist. Im vorliegenden Beispiel ist diese Festdrossel auf eine Leistung von 90% eingestellt.If the push rod 15 is no longer pressed, the control piston 14 opens the fuel supply to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2. By rotating the push rod 15, the control piston 14 is brought into a defined position, this defined position releasing a Defined cross section corresponds to the passage of a defined amount of fuel, so that the respective position of the control piston 14 a desired room temperature corresponds to the room to be heated. The room temperature is regulated via an adjustable throttle element 6 in the form of an expansion element, such as a bellows, as well as via a temperature sensor 10 connected to it in terms of circuitry Control piston 14 controls the fuel supply to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2. The ignition safety valve 4 further includes a fixed throttle 20. This fixed throttle 20 is dimensioned such that at most such a quantity of fuel can flow through, which is necessary to generate the 90% power through the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2. In the present example, this fixed choke is set to an output of 90%.
Da der Wärmeübertrager des Heizgerätes bei freier Konvektion, d.h. bei nicht eingeschaltetem Gebläse 9, maximal eine Heizleistung in Höhe von der Normalleistung, d.h. der 100%-Leistung übertragen kann, ist das Bypass-Ventil 7 geschlossen, so daß die auf 90% Heizleistung bemessene Festdrossel 20 nicht umgehbar ist. Wenn das Heizgerät im Turboheizungsmodus betrieben werden soll, d.h. wenn ein Heizleistungsbedarf gewünscht ist, welcher größer als die 90%-Leistung ist, so wird nach eingeschaltetem Gebläse 9 bzw. mit Einschalten des Gebläses 9 mittels eines Schalters 17 die Betätigungseinrichtung 8 in Form eines Magneteinsatzes aktiviert, womit das Bypass-Ventil 7 in seine Durchgangsposition geschaltet wird. Damit wird die Festdrossel 20 umgangen, und eine größere als die durch die Festdrossel 20 mögliche Brennstoffmenge kann über die Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 5 zu der ersten Brennerstufe 1 und der zweiten Brennerstufe 2 gelangen. Gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist es möglich, die Heizleistung auf etwa 170% zu erhöhen.Since the heat exchanger of the heater with free convection, i.e. when the fan 9 is not switched on, a maximum heating output equal to the normal output, i.e. the 100% power can be transferred, the bypass valve 7 is closed, so that the fixed throttle 20, which is rated at 90% heating power, cannot be bypassed. If the heater is to be operated in turbo heating mode, i.e. if a heating power requirement is desired which is greater than the 90% power, then after the blower 9 has been switched on or when the blower 9 has been switched on, the actuating device 8 is activated in the form of a magnetic insert by means of a switch 17, whereby the bypass valve 7 into its Pass position is switched. The fixed throttle 20 is thus bypassed, and a larger amount of fuel than that possible by the fixed throttle 20 can reach the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2 via the fuel supply line 5. According to this exemplary embodiment, it is possible to increase the heating output to approximately 170%.
Die Kopplung der Betätigung des Bypass-Ventils 7 mit dem Einschalten des Gebläses 9 ist erforderlich, damit der Wärmeübertrager bei einer Brennstoffzufuhr nicht überlastet wird, mittels welcher eine Heizleistung größer als die 100%-Leistung erzielbar ist. Darüber hinaus besitzt diese Sicherheitsschaltung zwischen Betrieb des Gebläses und Öffnungsstellung des Bypass-Ventils 8 den Vorteil, daß der Wärmeübertrager kleiner dimensioniert werden kann, d.h. für eine Heizleistung dimensioniert ist, welche der 100%-Leistung entspricht.The coupling of the actuation of the bypass valve 7 with the switching on of the fan 9 is necessary so that the heat exchanger is not overloaded when a fuel is supplied, by means of which a heating output greater than the 100% output is achieved is achievable. In addition, this safety circuit between the operation of the fan and the open position of the bypass valve 8 has the advantage that the heat exchanger can be dimensioned smaller, that is, is dimensioned for a heating power which corresponds to the 100% power.
Unmittelbar am Eintritt in die erste Brennerstufe 1 und die zweite Brennerstufe 2 ist jeweils eine Brennerdrossel 21 angeordnet. Diese Brennerdrosseln 21 sind ebenfalls festeingestellt, wobei jede Drossel auf eine Heizleistung von etwa 85% eingestellt ist. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, je nach Dimensionierung der jeweiligen Brennerstufe, daß die Brennerdrosseln 21 unterschiedlich eingestellt sind. Durch die Kopplung von Gebläsebetrieb und Aktivieren des Bypass-Ventils in die Öffnungsstellung wird daher der Wärmeübertrager vor Überhitzung geschützt.A burner choke 21 is arranged immediately at the entrance to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2. These burner chokes 21 are also permanently set, each choke being set to a heating output of approximately 85%. However, it is also possible, depending on the dimensioning of the respective burner stage, for the burner chokes 21 to be set differently. The heat exchanger is therefore protected against overheating by coupling the fan operation and activating the bypass valve in the open position.
In Fig. 2 ist eine prinzipielle Schaltungsanordnung eines Heizgerätes gemäß der Erfindung für eine Turboheizung mit automatischer Betätigung dargestellt. Die prinzipielle Funktionsweise entspricht der, welche in Verbindung mit Fig. 1 obenstehend beschrieben wurde. Bei diesem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung weist das Zündsicherungsventil 4 ein zusätzliches Magnetventil 11 auf. Das zusätzliche Magnetventil 11 wird durch eine Schaltuhr 18 betätigt. Die Betätigung des zusätzlichen Magnetventils 11 mittels der Schaltuhr 18 ist jedoch nur möglich, nachdem zuvor durch Drehen der Druckstange 15 die gewünschte Raumtemperatur eingestellt worden ist. Gleichzeitig wird dadurch das Hauptventil 12 geöffnet. Der Brennstoff kann somit zum Zündbrenner 3 und zu der ersten Brennerstufe 1 und der zweiten Brennerstufe 2 strömen. Die Zündung erfolgt durch einen nicht bezeichneten und nicht dargestellten, an sich bekannten Feuerungsautomaten.2 shows a basic circuit arrangement of a heater according to the invention for a turbo heater with automatic actuation. The basic mode of operation corresponds to that which was described above in connection with FIG. 1. In this second exemplary embodiment of the invention, the ignition safety valve 4 has an additional solenoid valve 11. The additional solenoid valve 11 is actuated by a timer 18. The actuation of the additional solenoid valve 11 by means of the timer 18 is, however, only possible after the desired room temperature has previously been set by turning the push rod 15. At the same time, the main valve 12 is thereby opened. The fuel can thus flow to the pilot burner 3 and to the first burner stage 1 and the second burner stage 2. The ignition takes place by means of an automatic burner control unit which is not shown and not shown and which is known per se.
Der Vorteil dieses zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels besteht u.a. darin, daß das Heizgerät durch ein elektrisches Signal, welches von der Schaltuhr 18 geliefert wird, gestartet werden kann. Damit ist es möglich, das Heizgerät unabhängig von der ansonsten erforderlichen manuellen Bedienung zu einem gewünschten Zeitpunkt automatisch in Betrieb zu nehmen. Damit kann, je nach Heizleistungsbedarf, das Heizgerät für den Normalbetrieb, d.h. bis zu einer maximalen Heizleistung in Höhe der 100%-Leistung betrieben werden, oder das Heizgerät kann in dem Turboheizungsmodus nach erfolgter Einschaltung über das Signal von der Schaltuhr 18 betrieben werden, falls ein Heizleistungsbedarf vorliegt, welcher größer als die 100%-Leistung ist. Die gesamte prinzipielle Funktion entspricht ansonsten der gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 beschriebenen.The advantage of this second embodiment is, inter alia, that the heater can be started by an electrical signal, which is supplied by the timer 18. This makes it possible to operate the heater at a desired time, regardless of the manual operation otherwise required automatically put into operation. Thus, depending on the heating power requirement, the heater can be operated for normal operation, ie up to a maximum heating power in the amount of 100% power, or the heater can be operated in the turbo heating mode after switching on via the signal from the timer 18, if there is a heating power requirement that is greater than 100% power. The entire basic function otherwise corresponds to that described in accordance with the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
In Fig. 3 ist eine Unteransicht eines Zündsicherungsventils mit einem zusätzlichen Magnetventil 11, d.h. mit automatischer Betätigung gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel (siehe Fig. 2) dargestellt. In der Unteransicht gemäß Fig. 3 ist der Temperatursensor 10 teilweise dargestellt, welcher dem Zündsicherungsventil ein Signal an ein einstellbares Drosselelement 6 (nicht dargestellt) liefert. Neben dem zusätzlichen Magnetventil 11 ist das Bypass-Ventil 7 mit der Betätigungseinrichtung 8 dargestellt, welche als Magneteinsatz ausgebildet ist, d.h. sowohl die Betätigungseinrichtung 8 als auch die Betätigungseinrichtung 11 sind als Magneteinsätze ausgebildet. Die dargestellte Position des Bypass-Ventils entspricht der geschlossenen Position. In der geschlossenen Position erfolgt die Brennstoffzufuhr zu den einzelnen Brennerstufen von der Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 5 über die Festdrossel 20 zu den Brennerdüsen. In der oberen Austrittsöffnung der Unteransicht gemäß Fig. 3 ist des weiteren das Hauptventil 12 mit seinem Sitz angedeutet.In Fig. 3 is a bottom view of an ignition safety valve with an additional solenoid valve 11, i.e. shown with automatic actuation according to the second embodiment (see Fig. 2). In the bottom view according to FIG. 3, the temperature sensor 10 is partially shown, which supplies the ignition safety valve with a signal to an adjustable throttle element 6 (not shown). In addition to the additional solenoid valve 11, the bypass valve 7 is shown with the actuating device 8, which is designed as a magnetic insert, i.e. both the actuating device 8 and the actuating device 11 are designed as magnetic inserts. The position of the bypass valve shown corresponds to the closed position. In the closed position, the fuel is supplied to the individual burner stages from the fuel supply line 5 via the fixed throttle 20 to the burner nozzles. The main valve 12 with its seat is also indicated in the upper outlet opening of the bottom view according to FIG. 3.
In Fig. 4 ist in einer vergrößerten Teilschnittansicht des in Fig. 3 markierten Bereiches die geschlossene Position des Bypass-Ventils 7 dargestellt. In der geschlossenen Position wird der Brennstoff über die als Hauptstromkanal ausgebildete Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 5 lediglich durch die Festdrossel 20 in das Anschlußstück der Brennstoffzufuhrleitung zu der Brennerdüse (nicht gezeigt) der Brennereinrichtung 1, 2 geführt. Dadurch, daß das Bypass-Ventil 7 in seiner geschlossenen Position ist, kann kein zusätzlicher Brennstoff der Brennereinrichtung zugeführt werden.4 shows the closed position of the bypass valve 7 in an enlarged partial sectional view of the area marked in FIG. 3. In the closed position, the fuel is fed via the fuel supply line 5 designed as a main flow channel only through the fixed throttle 20 into the connector of the fuel supply line to the burner nozzle (not shown) of the burner device 1, 2. Because the bypass valve 7 is in its closed position, no additional fuel can be supplied to the burner device.
Fig. 5 zeigt die vergrößerte Teilschnittansicht gemäß Fig. 4, jedoch mit dem Bypass-Ventil 7 in seiner geöffneten Position. In der geöffneten Position strömt der Brennstoff über einen als Nebenstromkanal (Bypass 26) ausgebildeten Kanal direkt in den Anschlußteil der zu der jeweiligen Brennerdüse der Brennereinrichtung 1, 2 führenden Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 5. Der Kopf des als Kolben ausgebildeten Bypass-Ventils 7 weist ein ringförmiges Dichtelement (nicht bezeichnet) auf. Dieses ringförmige Dichtelement bildet, wenn das Bypass-Ventil 7 in seiner geschlossenen Position ist, eine ringförmige Dichtlinie, so daß Brennstoff nur noch durch die Festdrossel 20 und von dort in den Anschlußstutzen zu den Brennerdüsen der jeweiligen Brennereinrichtung strömt.FIG. 5 shows the enlarged partial sectional view according to FIG. 4, but with the bypass valve 7 in its open position. In the open position, the fuel flows through a channel designed as a bypass channel (bypass 26) directly into the connection part of the fuel supply line 5 leading to the respective burner nozzle of the burner device 1, 2. The head of the bypass valve 7 designed as a piston has an annular sealing element ( not designated). When the bypass valve 7 is in its closed position, this annular sealing element forms an annular sealing line, so that fuel only flows through the fixed throttle 20 and from there into the connecting piece to the burner nozzles of the respective burner device.
In Fig. 6 ist eine Seitenschnittansicht des in Fig. 3 gezeigten Zündsicherungsventils dargestellt. Im oberen Teil des Zündsicherungsventils 4 ist die Druckstange 15 angedeutet. Durch Drücken der Druckstange 15 wird beim Inbetriebnehmen des Heizgerätes die Zündsicherung 13 geöffnet, so daß Brennstoff über die Zündbrennerleitung 24 zum Zündbrenner 3 gelangen kann, und der Regelkolben 14 wird in die Durchlaßposition gebracht, so daß Brennstoff, welcher von der Brennstoffquelle 16 in die Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 5 strömt, zu der Brennereinrichtung 1, 2 gelangen kann. Durch Drehen der Druckstange 15 wird das Hauptventil 12 auf einen Durchtrittsquerschnitt geöffnet, mittels welchem in Verbindung mit dem Temperatursensor 10, welcher teilweise dargestellt ist, die gewünschte Temperatur des zu beheizenden Raumes eingestellt und geregelt wird.FIG. 6 shows a side sectional view of the ignition safety valve shown in FIG. 3. The push rod 15 is indicated in the upper part of the ignition safety valve 4. Pressing the push rod 15 opens the ignition fuse 13 when the heater is started up so that fuel can reach the pilot burner 3 via the pilot burner line 24, and the control piston 14 is brought into the open position so that fuel which flows from the fuel source 16 into the fuel supply line 5 flows, can reach the burner device 1, 2. By turning the push rod 15, the main valve 12 is opened to a passage cross section, by means of which the desired temperature of the room to be heated is set and regulated in connection with the temperature sensor 10, which is partially shown.
In an sich bekannter Weise weist das Zündsicherungsventil 4 ein in Form eines Balges 23 ausgebildetes Ausdehnungselement auf. Dieses Ausdehnungselement steht in Verbindung mit dem Regelkolben 14. Mittels des Regelkolbens 14 wird an dessen unterem Ende ein Drosselquerschnitt 6 geöffnet, verändert oder geschlossen, wobei der Drosselquerschnitt 6 des Drosselelementes in Abhängigkeit von der gewünschten Heizleistung (relativ grob) geregelt wird.In a manner known per se, the ignition safety valve 4 has an expansion element in the form of a bellows 23. This expansion element is connected to the control piston 14. By means of the control piston 14, a throttle cross-section 6 is opened, changed or closed at its lower end, the throttle cross-section 6 of the throttle element being regulated (relatively roughly) as a function of the desired heating output.
Das Zündsicherungsventil 4 weist des weiteren zwei Brennstoffleitungen auf, die Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 5, welche zu der Brennereinrichtung 1, 2 führt, und die Zündbrennerleitung 24, welche Brennstoff dem Zündbrenner 3 zuführt. Der vordere Bereich der Zündbrennerleistung 24, welcher durch einen Kreis mit X bezeichnet ist (siehe Fig. 9a)), ist als eine Zündbrennerdrossel 22 ausgebildet. Der vordere Bereich der Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 5, welcher mit einem Kreis mit Y bezeichnet ist (siehe Fig. 9b)), ist als eine Brennerdrossel 21 ausgebildet. Die Brennerdrossel 21 dient dazu, nur eine solche Menge an Brennstoff der Brennereinrichtung 1, 2 zuzuführen, daß deren maximale Heizleistung entsprechend der Auslegungsbedingung für dieses Ausführungsbeispiel auf ca. 170% der Normalleistung beschränkt ist, wobei die genannten 170% Leistung die maximal mögliche, erzielbare Heizleistung aller Brennerstufen ist.The ignition safety valve 4 also has two fuel lines, the fuel supply line 5, which leads to the burner device 1, 2, and the pilot burner line 24, which supplies fuel to the pilot burner 3. The front area of the pilot burner output 24, which is denoted by a circle with X (see FIG. 9 a)), is designed as a pilot burner throttle 22. The front region of the fuel supply line 5, which is denoted by a circle with Y (see FIG. 9b)), is designed as a burner throttle 21. The burner choke 21 serves to supply only such an amount of fuel to the burner device 1, 2 that its maximum heating power is limited to approximately 170% of the normal power in accordance with the design condition for this exemplary embodiment, the 170% power mentioned being the maximum possible achievable Is the heating output of all burner stages.
Im unteren Teil des Zündsicherungsventils 4 ist die eigentliche Zündsicherung 13 dargestellt. Nachdem durch Drücken der Druckstange 15 die Zündsicherung 13 geöffnet worden ist und Brennstoff zum Zündbrenner 3 strömt und dort gezündet wurde, wird mittels eines Thermoelementes 19 ein Spannungssignal erzeugt und an die Zündsicherung 13 geliefert, auf dessen Basis die Zündsicherung 13 offengehalten wird, so daß Brennstoff stets in die Zündbrennerleitung 24 zum Zündbrenner 3 strömt.The actual ignition fuse 13 is shown in the lower part of the ignition fuse valve 4. After the ignition fuse 13 has been opened by pressing the push rod 15 and fuel flows to the pilot burner 3 and ignited there, a voltage signal is generated by means of a thermocouple 19 and supplied to the ignition fuse 13, on the basis of which the ignition fuse 13 is kept open, so that fuel always flows into the pilot burner line 24 to the pilot burner 3.
In dieser Seitenschnittansicht des Zündsicherungsventils 4 gemäß Fig. 6 ist ebenfalls in Schnittansicht das zusätzliche Magnetventil 11 dargestellt. Dieses zusätzliche Magnetventil 11, dessen Öffnungs- und Schließquerschnitt in dem mit Z bezeichneten Kreis ersichtlich ist, dient der automatischen Steuerung des Zündsicherungsventils. Dieses zusätzliche Magnetventil 11 weist einen Magneteinsatz auf, mittels welchem ein Kolben in Abhängigkeit von beispielsweise dem Signal einer Schaltuhr 18 (siehe Fig. 2) in eine geöffnete Position gebracht wird, so daß bei eingeschaltetem Hauptventil 12 Brennstoff von der Brennstoffquelle 16 über den Öffnungsquerschnitt in dem zusätzlichen Magnetventil 11 unter Umgehung der manuell zu betätigenden Zündsicherung 13 dem Zündbrenner 3 und in die Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 5 zu der Brennereinrichtung 1, 2 zuführbar ist.In this side sectional view of the ignition safety valve 4 according to FIG. 6, the additional solenoid valve 11 is also shown in a sectional view. This additional solenoid valve 11, the opening and closing cross-section of which can be seen in the circle labeled Z, is used for automatic control of the ignition safety valve. This additional solenoid valve 11 has a magnet insert, by means of which a piston is brought into an open position depending on, for example, the signal of a timer 18 (see FIG. 2), so that when the main valve 12 is switched on, fuel from the fuel source 16 has an opening cross section in the additional solenoid valve 11 bypassing the manually operated ignition fuse 13 Pilot burner 3 and in the fuel supply line 5 to the burner device 1, 2 can be fed.
In Fig. 7 ist eine vergrößerte Teilschnittansicht des Bereiches Z gemäß Fig. 6 dargestellt. In Fig. 7 ist der Schließkolben des zusätzlichen Magnetventils 11 in der geschlossenen Position. In Fig. 8 ist dagegen in derselben Teilschnittansicht wie Fig. 7 der Schließkolben des zusätzlichen Magnetventils 11 in der offenen Position gezeigt. Die prinzipielle Anordnung dieses zusätzlichen Magnetventils 11 ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Aus Fig. 8 ist ersichtlich, daß bei geöffnetem Kolben des zusätzlichen Magnetventils 11 Brennstoff sowohl in die Zündbrennerleitung 24 zum Zündbrenner 3 als auch in die Brennstoffzufuhrleitung zu der Brennereinrichtung 1, 2 strömen kann.FIG. 7 shows an enlarged partial sectional view of area Z according to FIG. 6. In Fig. 7, the closing piston of the additional solenoid valve 11 is in the closed position. In FIG. 8, however, the closing piston of the additional solenoid valve 11 is shown in the open position in the same partial sectional view as FIG. 7. The basic arrangement of this additional solenoid valve 11 is shown in FIG. 2. From Fig. 8 it can be seen that when the piston of the additional solenoid valve 11 is open, fuel can flow both into the pilot burner line 24 to the pilot burner 3 and into the fuel supply line to the burner device 1, 2.
In Fig. 9a) ist gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel die Zündbrennerdrossel 22 in Form einer Strömungsblende dargestellt. Diese Strömungsblende weist in ihrer Mitte eine Öffnung einer definierten Größe auf, welche die eigentliche Zündbrennerdrossel 22 darstellt. Der in die Zündbrennerleitung 24 strömende Brennstoff wird an dieser Zündbrennerdrossel 22 soweit gedrosselt, daß im Zündbrenner 3 maximal 10% der gesamten Heizleistung erzeugt werden.9a) shows the pilot burner throttle 22 in the form of a flow orifice. This flow orifice has an opening of a defined size in its center, which represents the actual pilot burner throttle 22. The fuel flowing into the pilot burner line 24 is throttled at this pilot burner throttle 22 to such an extent that a maximum of 10% of the total heating power is generated in the pilot burner 3.
In Fig. 9b) ist in vergrößerter Schnittdarstellung eine Brennerdrossel 21 dargestellt, welcher in Form einer Strömungsblende ausgebildet ist. Diese Strömungsblende weist im zentralen Bereich eine Öffnung auf, welche die eigentliche Brennerdrossel 21 dargestellt. Die Größe dieser Öffnung ist so bemessen, daß der in der Brennstoffzufuhrleitung zu der Brennereinrichtung strömende Brennstoff so gedrosselt wird, daß die gesamte Heizleistung ca. 170% (im Turbobetriebsmodus) nicht überstiegen wird. Bei Heizgeräten, welche nicht für einen Turbobetriebsmodus vorgesehen sind, ist diese Brennerdrossel so dimensioniert, daß die Gesamtleistung aller Brennerstufen 90% der Gesamtheizleistung des Heizgerätes nicht übersteigt, wobei für den Zündbrenner ca. 10% Leistung realisiert werden.9b) shows an enlarged sectional view of a burner throttle 21 which is designed in the form of a flow orifice. This flow orifice has an opening in the central area, which represents the actual burner throttle 21. The size of this opening is dimensioned such that the fuel flowing in the fuel supply line to the burner device is throttled in such a way that the total heating output is not exceeded by approximately 170% (in the turbo operating mode). In heaters that are not intended for a turbo operating mode, this burner choke is dimensioned so that the total output of all burner stages does not exceed 90% of the total heating output of the heater, with approximately 10% output being achieved for the pilot burner.
In Fig. 10 ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für Brennerdrosseln oder Zündbrennerdrosseln dargestellt. Gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist das die eigentliche Brennerdüse darstellende Ende der Brennstoffzufuhrleitung bzw. der Zündbrennerleitung als konischer Rohrabschnitt mit einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen vorderen Abschnitt ausgebildet. Die Brennerdrossel bzw. Zündbrennerdrossel ist als Rohrspitze einer definierten Konfiguration ausgebildet. Neben der dargestellten Rohrspitze, welche aus einem Verjüngungsabschnitt besteht und einem zylindrischen Abschnitt ist es außerdem möglich, daß die Rohrspitze in einer gekrümmten Konfiguration auf den Drosselöffnungsquerschnitt reduziert wird oder daß die Brennerdüse als kegeliger Austritt oder als Schlitzdüse oder als sternförmig angeordnete Schlitzdüse ausgebildet ist. Die Form, Größe und Gestaltung der Rohrspitze richtet sich dabei nach der gewünschten Drosselwirkung für die jeweilige Brennerstufe und auch nach der gezielten Beeinflussung einer ruhigen und optimalen Flammenausbildung in den einzelnen Brennerstufen.10 shows a further exemplary embodiment of burner chokes or pilot burner chokes. According to this exemplary embodiment, the end of the fuel supply line or the pilot burner line which represents the actual burner nozzle is designed as a conical tube section with an essentially cylindrical front section. The burner choke or pilot burner choke is designed as a pipe tip of a defined configuration. In addition to the pipe tip shown, which consists of a tapered section and a cylindrical section, it is also possible that the pipe tip is reduced to the throttle opening cross section in a curved configuration or that the burner nozzle is designed as a conical outlet or as a slot nozzle or as a star-shaped slot nozzle. The shape, size and design of the pipe tip depends on the desired throttling effect for the respective burner stage and also on the targeted influencing of a calm and optimal flame formation in the individual burner stages.
Claims (14)
- Heating apparatus, more especially for mobile homes, caravans, etc., having a heat exchanger, with at least one burner arrangement and at least two burner stages (1, 2), and having a valve (4) for controlling the fuel supply to an ignition burner (3) and to the burner arrangement, wherein the burner arrangement can be provided with fuel by a fuel supply line (5) from the valve (4) via a choke (20), and the fuel can be supplied by means of an adjustable choke element (6), depending on the heat requirement, characterised in that a bypass valve (7), having an actuating means (8) which is connected to a blower (9), is disposed in a bypass to the fuel supply line (5) upstream of the burner stages (1, 2), by means of which bypass valve an increased amount of fuel is supplied to the burner stages (1, 2) by opening the bypass valve (7) by means of the actuating means (8) if the heating output required is greater than the normal output, the bypass valve (7) only being actuatable when the blower (9) is in operation; and the choke element (6) is disposed externally of the bypass in the fuel supply line (5), prior to the branching thereof to the burner stages.
- Heating apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the burner arrangement has two burners, which form a first burner stage (1) and a second burner stage (2).
- Heating apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the burner arrangement is a two-stage burner, having a first burner stage (1) and a second burner stage (2).
- Heating apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the heat exchanger is so dimensioned that it transfers the normal output by free convection and can be acted upon with a higher than normal output when the blower (9) is in operation.
- Heating apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the blower (9) and/or the actuating means (8) are/is manually actuatable.
- Heating apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the blower (9) or/and the actuating means (8) is/are automatically actuatable on the basis of a signal indicating that heat is required.
- Heating apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that the burner arrangement is in the form of an atmospheric or blower-assisted burner arrangement.
- Heating apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the lines and nozzles of the burner stages (1, 2) are so disposed and dimensioned that the burner stages (1, 2) apply a proportion of heating output which is substantially of identical magnitude.
- Heating apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the choke element (6) is variable in respect of its choke cross-section by means of a signal from a temperature sensor (10), by means of which the heating requirement of a room to be heated can be determined.
- Heating apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the actuating means (8) is a magnetic valve.
- Heating apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the valve has an additional magnetic valve (11), which is disposed in a bypass and releases the fuel supply to the ignition burner (3) and the fuel supply line (5) if there is no current source.
- Heating apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the choke (20) is a fixed choke.
- Heating apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that burner stages (1, 2) have a fixed choke, in the form of a tubular tip (25), at their outlet.
- Heating apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the tubular tip (25) is conical, inwardly curved, partially conical or cylindrical, or is in the form of a slotted nozzle or a nozzle having a plurality of radially disposed slots.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19815636 | 1998-04-07 | ||
DE19815636A DE19815636C2 (en) | 1998-04-07 | 1998-04-07 | Heater with turbo level |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0949455A1 EP0949455A1 (en) | 1999-10-13 |
EP0949455B1 true EP0949455B1 (en) | 2002-02-27 |
Family
ID=7863913
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99106137A Expired - Lifetime EP0949455B1 (en) | 1998-04-07 | 1999-04-06 | Heating device with turbo stage |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0949455B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19815636C2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USD905217S1 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2020-12-15 | Dometic Sweden Ab | Air conditioning apparatus |
USD907183S1 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2021-01-05 | Dometic Sweden Ab | Air conditioning apparatus |
US11772452B2 (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2023-10-03 | Dometic Sweden Ab | Air conditioning apparatus for recreational vehicles |
US12043081B2 (en) | 2019-10-17 | 2024-07-23 | Dometic Sweden Ab | Air conditioning apparatus for recreational vehicles |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10019049C2 (en) * | 2000-04-18 | 2002-04-18 | Mertik Maxitrol Gmbh & Co Kg | Gas pressure regulator |
US6276397B1 (en) * | 2000-06-12 | 2001-08-21 | Flow Design, Inc. | Apparatus and method for shaping fluid flow |
US7513247B2 (en) | 2003-01-13 | 2009-04-07 | Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgeraete Gmbh | Gas cooking equipment and method for producing gas cooking equipment |
DE202018001770U1 (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2018-05-09 | Enno Wagner | heater |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2383641A (en) * | 1941-10-06 | 1945-08-28 | Perfection Stove Co | Gas burning apparatus |
FR59249E (en) * | 1949-05-07 | 1954-05-06 | Heating appliance | |
US4602610A (en) * | 1981-01-30 | 1986-07-29 | Mcginnis George P | Dual-rate fuel flow control system for space heater |
JPH01102214A (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1989-04-19 | Rinnai Corp | Combustion type heating apparatus |
JPH01142323A (en) * | 1987-11-27 | 1989-06-05 | Rinnai Corp | Controller for gas-fueled heating apparatus |
JPH08261445A (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1996-10-11 | Rinnai Corp | Igniting and burning method of gas burner |
DE19539869A1 (en) | 1995-10-26 | 1997-04-30 | Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh | Gas burner with modulating solenoid valve |
DE19623239A1 (en) * | 1996-06-11 | 1997-12-18 | Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh | Two=stage gas burner having first modulated stage and second constant stage |
DE19627539A1 (en) * | 1996-07-09 | 1998-01-15 | Gaggenau Werke | Method and device for controlling the flame size of gas-operated cooking or baking devices |
-
1998
- 1998-04-07 DE DE19815636A patent/DE19815636C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-04-06 DE DE59900890T patent/DE59900890D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-06 EP EP99106137A patent/EP0949455B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USD907183S1 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2021-01-05 | Dometic Sweden Ab | Air conditioning apparatus |
US11772452B2 (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2023-10-03 | Dometic Sweden Ab | Air conditioning apparatus for recreational vehicles |
USD905217S1 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2020-12-15 | Dometic Sweden Ab | Air conditioning apparatus |
USD944374S1 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2022-02-22 | Dometic Sweden Ab | Air conditioning apparatus |
US12043081B2 (en) | 2019-10-17 | 2024-07-23 | Dometic Sweden Ab | Air conditioning apparatus for recreational vehicles |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19815636C2 (en) | 2000-07-06 |
EP0949455A1 (en) | 1999-10-13 |
DE59900890D1 (en) | 2002-04-04 |
DE19815636A1 (en) | 1999-10-14 |
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