EP0940159B1 - Dispositif indicateur pour la pression pour appareil respiratoire autonome - Google Patents

Dispositif indicateur pour la pression pour appareil respiratoire autonome Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0940159B1
EP0940159B1 EP98400449A EP98400449A EP0940159B1 EP 0940159 B1 EP0940159 B1 EP 0940159B1 EP 98400449 A EP98400449 A EP 98400449A EP 98400449 A EP98400449 A EP 98400449A EP 0940159 B1 EP0940159 B1 EP 0940159B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
light
lights
disk
combination
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98400449A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0940159A1 (fr
Inventor
Robert E. Gray
Paul D. Hiltman
David R. Lewis
Victor Speck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Safety Instruments Inc
Original Assignee
International Safety Instruments Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Safety Instruments Inc filed Critical International Safety Instruments Inc
Priority to DE1998626979 priority Critical patent/DE69826979D1/de
Priority to EP98400449A priority patent/EP0940159B1/fr
Publication of EP0940159A1 publication Critical patent/EP0940159A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0940159B1 publication Critical patent/EP0940159B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
    • A62B18/088—Devices for indicating filter saturation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the monitoring of pressure, and is more particularly concerned with pressure monitoring and display means for the air tank of a self contained breathing apparatus.
  • SCBA Self contained breathing apparatuses
  • a person such as a firefighter uses an SCBA in order to enter the hazardous environment; and, one key to the ability to survive in the environment is to have an adequate supply of air.
  • SCBA Self contained breathing apparatuses
  • a person will generally enter a hazardous environment with a full tank of air, some means must be available whereby the remaining air can be monitored so the person can leave the hazardous environment before the air supply is depleted.
  • an SCBA is equipped with a pressure gauge for constantly indicating the pressure remaining in the air tank.
  • the pressure gauge is typically connected to the equipment so that the gauge is exposed to the environment.
  • the person is unable to see the gauge clearly.
  • There have been efforts at providing a light display so the person using an SCBA constantly has the light display within the field of vision, the light display indicating the pressure remaining in the air tank.
  • the light display has also been exposed to the environment, so it is subject to damage by a hot and/or corrosive environments. It is also subject to poor visibility in an environment of dense smoke or the like.
  • the US patent 5,033,818 describes a diver's information system that displays information in the diver's line of sight without substantially obstructing his vision.
  • the purpose of the described in this patent is aimed for diving.
  • a plurality of sensors connected to the microprocessor, are provided to monitor parameters such as air tank pressure, depth and water temperature.
  • the display system of the preferred embodiment includes an LED display that is reflected from a red reflecting mirror affixed to the diver's face mask so that the image of the LEDs is positioned well within the diver's line of sight, but appears to be at a comfortable viewing distance from the diver's eyes, this distance being greater than the distance from the eyes to the mirror.
  • the present invention provides a plurality of lights disposed within the face mask of a self contained breathing apparatus, and within the field of vision of the person wearing the mask as specified in claim 1. As the pressure in the air tank is reduced, certain ones of the lights of the plurality of lights will so indicate by changing their appearance. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, there are four lights conforming to the requirement to indicate fourths of a tank of air.
  • a transducer senses the amount of pressure within the air tank and yields an electrical signal to operate the plurality of lights. While many transducers will perform satisfactorily, the present invention provides an inexpensive transducer comprising a bourdon tube carrying a disk that rotates in response to changes in pressure on the bourdon tube. The disk has a varying gray scale; and, energy is propagated through the gray scale and detected by a sensor, so the amount of energy sensed by the sensor is proportional to the amount of air in the tank.
  • Fig. 1 shows a face mask 10 having a pressure regulator 11 thereon, and a hose 12 connecting the regulator 11 to a pressure reducer 14.
  • the pressure reducer 14 is connected to the tank of air 15 by a high pressure hose 16. It will be understood that this constitutes a conventional self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
  • SCBA self contained breathing apparatus
  • the present invention provides a plurality of lights 18 mounted within the face mask 10, the lights being powered and controlled by batteries in a battery pack 19 and control circuitry within the box 20.
  • a cable 25 runs along the hose 12 and enters the face mask 10 to control the lights 18.
  • Fig 2 Attention is directed to Fig 2 where the lights 18 can be seen in more detail, and the lights are shown relative to the user's eyes 21 and 22. As here shown, there are four of the lights 18, and the lights are so placed (such as on the nosecup) as to be constantly within the field of vision of the user's left eye 22. Those skilled in the art will understand that the lights 18 could be placed elsewhere, but the position shown is the preferred position.
  • the lights 18 on the nosecup causes the lights to be visible by only one eye. This prevents the user from seeing a double image due to the closeness to both eyes which could be confusing, especially when only one or two lights are illuminated.
  • the object is to allow the user to see the lights at all times, but in the peripheral vision so the lights will not distract the person. Nevertheless, as the pressure in the air tank changes, the light display will change so the person will be aware of the air pressure at all times.
  • a tube 24 connects the regulator 14 to the housing 20, and this tube 24 carries air at tank pressure.
  • the transducer within the housing receives the full pressure of the tank 15.
  • An electrical cable 25 is connected to the box 20, and runs up the hose 12 to the face mask 10 as was previously described.
  • the battery pack 19 is mounted beside the box 20, and appropriate connections provide electrical power to the box 20.
  • transducer which receives air pressure through the tube 24 and converts the pressure to an electrical output.
  • the preferred form of transducer is shown in Figs. 4 and 5 although those skilled in the art will realize that many forms of transducer will operate quite well with the present invention. The primary reasons the transducer shown is preferred is that the device is very simple and inexpensive to make and to use, yet performs very well.
  • Fig. 4 of the drawings illustrates the transducer generally designated as 26, the transducer 26 being connected to the tube 24 through a support block 28.
  • the transducer 26 includes a bourdon tube 29 which is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the tube 29 is a spiral, and has an elasticity that tends to retain the spiral shape. When fluid under pressure is admitted to the tube 29 the tube tends to un-wind somewhat, proportionally to the pressure of the fluid.
  • the bourdon tube usually has a pointer, or hand, attached to its innermost portion, so the hand rotates on change of fluid pressure. A dial, then, indicates the pressure applied.
  • the bourdon tube 29 carries a disk 30 so the disk 30 rotates with change in fluid pressure in the tube 29.
  • the bourdon tube 29 is carried by the support block 29, and has a shaft 31 attached to its inner end.
  • the disk 30 is mounted on the shaft 31.
  • the light sources 34 and 35 are light emitting diodes (LED's) that emit light in the infrared range
  • the sensors 36 and 38 are phototransistors that are triggered by infrared light. It will be readily understood that other sources and receivers may be used, but these are readily available, and reliable, so they are good choices for the device.
  • the disk 30 has a portion that is shaded from substantially fully transparent to substantially opaque.
  • the transparent is indicated at 39 by light stippling, and the opaque is indicated at 40 by the substantially black area.
  • the shading will change gradually through the semi-circular portion of the disk 30 so that, as the disk 30 rotates, the light transmitted to the receiver 38 will change gradually.
  • the electrical signal provided by the sensor 38 will therefore be proportional to the shading of the disk 30.
  • the position of the disk is dependent on the bourdon tube 29, hence on the pressure in the tube 29.
  • one light source and sensor reads a plain, transparent disk 30 while another light source and sensor reads a shaded portion of the disk.
  • the voltage is low so that both light sources 34 and 35 emit less light, the pressure reading is not skewed.
  • both sensors 36 and 38 will receive similarly diminished light, and the pressure indications will still be accurate.
  • the light and sensor 34 and 36 may be referred to as the reference light source and reference sensor, while the light and sensor 35 and 38 may be referred to as sense light source and sense sensor.
  • FIG. 6 of the drawings A schematic control circuit for the present invention is shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings, where it will be seen that the light sources 34 and 35 are LED's.
  • the two LED's are connected in series, one side of the power being applied at 41.
  • the other side of the LED's is grounded at 42, and the other side of the battery pack will be grounded.
  • a switch 44 between the LED 35 and the ground 42 This may be any form of switching means, whether software or hardware, the object being to render the LED's operative or inoperative.
  • the disk 30 is shown between the LED's 34 and 35 and the sensors, or phototransistors 36 and 38.
  • the outputs of the phototransistors go to amplifiers 45 and 46 which may include analog to digital converters.
  • the signal from the phototransistors 36 and 38 is otherwise conditioned as necessary to provide usable inputs to the micro-controller 48.
  • An output from the micro-controller 48 is directed to a separate micro-controller 49 which is located in the face mask 10, and acts as the ultimate controller for the lights 18.
  • the individual lights 18 are designated at 18A to 18D.
  • the light 18A is the fourth light indicating a full tank, and the lights 18B, 18C and 18D indicate 3/4, 1/2 and 1/4 tank respectively.
  • the lights 18A and B are green, 18C yellow and 18D red. Other colors may be selected as desired.
  • Another output from the micro-controller 48 is directed to a digit driver indicated at 50. Since the pressure data is available in digital form in the controller 48, it is very simple to provide a digital display 51 if desired.
  • the digital display 51 may be physically located as desired.
  • Fig. 7 of the drawings shows the logic for the reference phototransistor 34
  • Fig. 8 shows the sense phototransistor. Looking first at Fig. 7, there is a query if 10 seconds have elapsed. Once a "yes” is obtained, the analog value of the reference sensor 36 is obtained. Next, the query is if the light level has changed. If so, the new level is saved, and if not we go directly to get the battery voltage. If the voltage is too low, a "slow-blink" command is sent to the controller 49 in the mask 10; otherwise, the cycle simply repeats, so the same cycle will be repeated each 10 seconds.
  • the query about elapsed time is 2 seconds. Once 2 seconds have elapsed, the analog value of the sensor 38 is obtained. Next, there is a query if the light level has changed; and, if so, the controller divides the change by the level of the reference phototransistor, converts the number to pounds per square inch, then sends the new value to the display. The value is converted to quarter-tank percentage; then, there is a query if the quarter-level has changed. Since the light display changes only at quarter-tanks, there will be no change in the display unless there is a change in the quarter-level. If there has been such a change, the new level will be sent to the mask; if not, the cycle repeats, and continues to repeat each two seconds.
  • the pressure in the tank 15 is fed to the transducer 26, and analog signals are provided from the sensors 36 and 38.
  • the signal indicates a full tank
  • all the lights 18 will be lit.
  • the pressure in the tank 5 decreases below full
  • the decrease will be detected by the transducer 26 and the signal from the sensor 38 will reflect the reduced pressure and the light 18A will begin to blink.
  • the light 18A will go out, and the light 18B will blink. This process continues until a final quarter-tank remains. Since this is reaching a dangerous level, there is an additional attention getting device, e.g. the light 18D may blink at a very rapid rate to be sure the user is aware that the tank has only one-fourth of its full pressure.
  • the present invention provides a pressure sensing means and a pressure display means that is safe and easy to use. Since the display is inside the face mask, the display, or its visibility, will not be affected by conditions in which the user is working. This fact protects the display from a hazardous environment such as excess heat or the like, and prevents the display from being obscured by smoke or other fumes.
  • the transducer of the present invention is simple and relatively inexpensive, yet uses well tested apparatus for providing an accurate indication of pressure.

Claims (10)

  1. Combinaison d'un afficheur de pression avec un appareil respiratoire autonome, dans laquelle ledit appareil respiratoire comprend un réservoir d'air comprimé pour stocker et livrer l'air sous pression, un écran facial destiné à être appliqué sur le visage d'un utilisateur, des moyens à tuyau flexible raccordant ledit réservoir d'air comprimé (15) audit écran facial (10), et des moyens de régulation (11, 14) pour réduire la pression dans ledit réservoir d'air comprimé à une pression respirable à l'intérieur dudit écran. facial. (10), un transducteur (26) pour convertir ladite pression dans ledit réservoir d'air comprimé (15) :en un signal électrique, les moyens de commande pour faire varier l'éclairage d'une pluralité de lumières conformément à ladite pression dans ledit réservoir d'air comprimé (15) et un afficheur de pression comprenant ladite pluralité de lumières, caractérisée en ce que ladite pluralité de lumières est montée à l'intérieur dudit écran facial (10) dans le champ de vision de l'oeil d'un utilisateur et en ce que lesdits moyens de commande comprennent un micro-contrôleur (49) à l'intérieur dudit écran facial (10) électriquement raccordé à ladite pluralité de lumières (18).
  2. Combinaison selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que chaque lumière de ladite pluralité de lumières (18) représente une partie égale de la pression maximale dans ledit réservoir d'air comprimé (15), et lesdits moyens de commande font que ladite pluralité de lumières (18) s'éteint en série lorsque ladite pression diminue dans ledit réservoir d'air (15).
  3. Combinaison selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite pluralité de lumières (18) comprend quatre lumières, chaque lumière desdites quatre lumières représentant une pression de quart de réservoir.
  4. Combinaison selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite pluralité de lumières (18) comprend un afficheur numérique.
  5. Combinaison selon la: revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite pression dans ledit réservoir d'air comprimé (15) est appliquée sur un tube de Bourdon, un disque transporté par ledit tube de Bourdon et pouvant ainsi tourner sur le changement de pression appliquée sur ledit tube de Bourdon, des moyens pour détecter la rotation dudit disque, et des moyens pour fournir un signal électrique changeant en réponse à la rotation dudit disque.
  6. Combinaison selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le disque comprend un gradient sur ce dernier pour faire varier la transmission de lumière à travers ledit disque, une source de lumière d'un côté dudit disque, et un capteur de lumière à l'opposé dudit disque situé pour recevoir la lumière provenant de ladite source de lumière pour que la lumière reçue par ledit capteur de lumière varie avec la rotation dudit disque lorsque différentes parties dudit gradient se déplacent entre ladite source de lumière et ledit capteur de lumière.
  7. Combinaison selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que ledit gradient couvre moins que la totalité dudit transducteur, ledit transducteur comprenant en outre une seconde source de lumière sur ce que l'on appelle un côté dudit disque, et un second capteur de lumière sur ledit côté opposé dudit disque situé pour recevoir la lumière à partir de ladite seconde source de lumière, ledit disque entre ladite source de lumière et ledit second capteur de lumière étant sensiblement transparent.
  8. Combinaison selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une lumière comprend une pluralité de lumières (18) à l'intérieur dudit écran facial (10).
  9. Combinaison selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une lumière comprend un afficheur numérique.
  10. Combinaison selon les revendications 5 à 9, caractérisée en ce que le transducteur est situé dans un logement (20), un tube (24) raccordant le régulateur (14), raccordé au réservoir d'air comprimé (15), au logement (20) pour que le transducteur (26) reçoive toute la pression du réservoir (15).
EP98400449A 1998-02-25 1998-02-25 Dispositif indicateur pour la pression pour appareil respiratoire autonome Expired - Lifetime EP0940159B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1998626979 DE69826979D1 (de) 1998-02-25 1998-02-25 Druckanzeigevorrichtung für selbständiges Luftatemgerät
EP98400449A EP0940159B1 (fr) 1998-02-25 1998-02-25 Dispositif indicateur pour la pression pour appareil respiratoire autonome

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98400449A EP0940159B1 (fr) 1998-02-25 1998-02-25 Dispositif indicateur pour la pression pour appareil respiratoire autonome

Publications (2)

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EP0940159A1 EP0940159A1 (fr) 1999-09-08
EP0940159B1 true EP0940159B1 (fr) 2004-10-13

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EP98400449A Expired - Lifetime EP0940159B1 (fr) 1998-02-25 1998-02-25 Dispositif indicateur pour la pression pour appareil respiratoire autonome

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DE (1) DE69826979D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010022784A1 (de) * 2010-06-04 2011-12-08 Tesimax-Altinger Gmbh Schutzanzug mit Atemluftversorgungseinrichtung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5033818A (en) * 1989-01-13 1991-07-23 Barr Howard S Electronic diving system and face mask display
US5097826A (en) * 1989-11-13 1992-03-24 Cairns & Brother, Inc. Pressure monitoring device for self-contained breathing apparatus

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3209601C2 (de) * 1982-03-17 1984-11-22 Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck Druckanzeigegerät für Atemschutzgeräte
US5157378A (en) * 1991-08-06 1992-10-20 North-South Corporation Integrated firefighter safety monitoring and alarm system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5033818A (en) * 1989-01-13 1991-07-23 Barr Howard S Electronic diving system and face mask display
US5097826A (en) * 1989-11-13 1992-03-24 Cairns & Brother, Inc. Pressure monitoring device for self-contained breathing apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0940159A1 (fr) 1999-09-08
DE69826979D1 (de) 2004-11-18

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