EP0939947B1 - Etiquettes et leur procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Etiquettes et leur procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0939947B1
EP0939947B1 EP97912392A EP97912392A EP0939947B1 EP 0939947 B1 EP0939947 B1 EP 0939947B1 EP 97912392 A EP97912392 A EP 97912392A EP 97912392 A EP97912392 A EP 97912392A EP 0939947 B1 EP0939947 B1 EP 0939947B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adhesive
self
label
backing
folded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97912392A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0939947A1 (fr
Inventor
Andy Bonnet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
David J Instance Ltd
Original Assignee
David J Instance Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by David J Instance Ltd filed Critical David J Instance Ltd
Publication of EP0939947A1 publication Critical patent/EP0939947A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0939947B1 publication Critical patent/EP0939947B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/02—Forms or constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D1/00—Multiple-step processes for making flat articles ; Making flat articles
    • B31D1/02—Multiple-step processes for making flat articles ; Making flat articles the articles being labels or tags
    • B31D1/021—Making adhesive labels having a multilayered structure, e.g. provided on carrier webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D1/00—Multiple-step processes for making flat articles ; Making flat articles
    • B31D1/02—Multiple-step processes for making flat articles ; Making flat articles the articles being labels or tags
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/02—Forms or constructions
    • G09F3/0288—Labels or tickets consisting of more than one part, e.g. with address of sender or other reference on separate section to main label; Multi-copy labels
    • G09F3/0289—Pull- or fold-out labels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/08—Fastening or securing by means not forming part of the material of the label itself
    • G09F3/10—Fastening or securing by means not forming part of the material of the label itself by an adhesive layer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to self-adhesive labels and to a method of manufacturing self-adhesive labels.
  • the present invention relates to such labels which are folded and conceal hidden information and which are openable by a user when adhered to a product so as to reveal the previously hidden information.
  • the present invention aims to provide an instant win promotional system in the form of a substantially secure and tamper-evident self-adhesive label which may be adhered to the product as a secondary label, the primary label conveying the standardised information concerning the product to the consumer.
  • leaflet labels have been known for many years for consumer purposes. Such labels can be provided with tear lines in the front cover, as disclosed in EP-A-0043179, or alternatively can be overlaminated, for example as in EP-A-0180365. Such prior leaflet labels are not suitable for use as instant win promotion labels because they do not provide the required level of security in conjunction with tamper evidence.
  • the present invention provides a self-adhesive label carried on a backing of release material comprising a self-adhesive support piece having a rearwardly-directed self-adhesive surface adhered to the backing of release material, a folded portion disposed on the front surface of the support piece, the folded portion including front and back covers thereof enclosing an intermediate part therebetween, and a self-adhesive laminar material covering and adhered over the folded portion, the laminar material extending past the edges of the support piece and the folded portion to form a peripheral border of the label having a rearwardly-directed surface coated with a permanent pressure-sensitive adhesive which is adhered to the backing of release material, and wherein the intermediate part can be accessed by cutting or tearing the laminar material.
  • the present invention further provides a method of producing a succession of self-adhesive labels carried on a backing of release material, the method comprising the steps of: (a) providing a self-adhesive support web carried on a backing of release material; (b) adhering a succession of folded sheets along the length of the support web, each folded sheet comprising a front cover portion, a back cover portion, and an intermediate portion enclosed therebetween; (c) die-cutting the assembly of folded sheets and support web as far as the release material thereby to cut a succession of intermediate labels, each comprising a folded leaflet cut from one of the folded sheets and adhered to a support piece cut from the support web; (d) removing waste material surrounding the intermediate labels from the backing of release material; (e) overlaminating the intermediate labels with a web of a self-adhesive laminar material coated with a permanent pressure-sensitive adhesive so that each intermediate label is encapsulated by the laminar material; and (f) die-cutting through the laminar
  • a self-adhesive label 2 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention when carried on a web of a backing 4 of release material, for example silicone-coated paper.
  • a succession of such labels 2 is carried on the backing 4 of release material and is wound up into a reel for automatic application of the self-adhesive labels 2 to products to be labelled by an automatic labelling machine.
  • the self-adhesive label 2 comprises a lowermost self-adhesive support piece 6 comprising a sheet 8, typically of transparent plastics such as polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyethylene or polypropylene, coated on its rearmost face with a layer 10 of pressure-sensitive adhesive which releasably adheres the support piece 6 to the front surface of the backing 4 of release material.
  • a folded leaflet 12 comprises a back cover 14, a front cover 16 folded over the back cover 14 about a first fold line 18 and an intermediate panel 20 lying between the front and back covers 16,14 and connected to the back cover 14 by a second fold line 22.
  • the rearmost surface of the back cover 14 is adhered to a major portion of the front surface of the support piece 6 by a layer 24 of permanent adhesive, typically a water-based adhesive such as PVA adhesive.
  • the front cover 16 includes an extended flap 26 which extends past the second fold line 22 and is disposed adjacent the front surface of the support piece 6.
  • the front cover 16 of the self-adhesive label 2 conceals any information printed on the surfaces of the intermediate panel 20.
  • such hidden printed information may include an indication of whether the label is a winning or non-winning label.
  • the support piece 6 and the folded leaflet 12 are dimensioned whereby in a longitudinal direction both of the web of the backing 4 of release material and of the folded leaflet 12, i.e. in a direction extended between the first fold line 18 and the extended flap 26, the support piece 6 extends longitudinally past the first fold line 18 and the extended flap 26 so as to form two opposed edge portions 28,30 which are not covered by the folded leaflet 12.
  • the second portion 30 has a larger length in the longitudinal direction than the first portion 28 and is located on the side of the folded leaflet 12 which is opened by a user.
  • the opposed transverse edges 32,34 of the folded leaflet/support piece assembly comprise coincident edges of the folded leaflet 12 and the support piece 6 which have been formed by die-cutting.
  • the folded strip/support piece assembly is overlaminated and entirely encapsulated by a self-adhesive laminar material 36 which preferably comprises a transparent plastics sheet, typically of polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyethylene or polypropylene, coated on its rear surface with a layer 40 of pressure-sensitive adhesive.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive is permanent adhesive as is known in the art.
  • the particular permanent adhesive formulation is selected so as to form a strong reliable adhesive bond with the surface of the particular product to be labelled.
  • the laminar material 36 extends longitudinally past the edge portions 28,30 of the support piece 6 and transversely past the transverse edges 32,34 to form a border 42 surrounding the folded leaflet/support piece assembly, the border 42 being adhered all around its periphery to the backing 4 of release material by the layer 40 of pressure-sensitive adhesive.
  • the laminar material 34 is transparent whereby the folded leaflet/support piece assembly is visible thereunder.
  • the laminar material 36 is adhered by the layer 40 of pressure-sensitive adhesive to the front surface of the front cover 16 and to the front surfaces of the two opposed edge portions 28,30 of the support piece 6.
  • the self-adhesive label 2 is provided with an opening line 44 extending transversely across the label 2 and in particular across the extended flap 26.
  • the opening line 44 may comprise a printed line indicating where the label 2 should be cut open, such a configuration being used when the label is intended to be adhered to a cuttable substrate of the product, e.g. a plastics wrapping film.
  • the opening line 44 may comprises a perforated tear line, extending through the laminar material 36 and the extended flap 26, when the label is intended to be adhered to a thick or solid substrate e.g. a box or container.
  • the self-adhesive label is applied to a product to be labelled and is permanently adhered thereto by the self-adhesive border 42 and by the self-adhesive support piece 6. This ensures a strong adhesive bond between the label 2 and the product so that the self-adhesive label 2 does not become inadvertently opened. Since the laminar material 34 entirely encapsulates the folded leaflet 12, there is no danger of the folded leaflet 12 inadvertently becoming accessible to a user.
  • the border 42 extends outwardly along the die-cut transverse edges 32,34 of the folded leaflet/support piece assembly, it is not possible for a person wishing to access the interior printed surfaces of the folded leaflet 12 to look into the body of the leaflet through those transverse edges without positively opening the label.
  • a person can then manually access the intermediate panel 20 and pull the intermediate panel outwardly form the pocket defined by the front and back covers 16,14. In this way, the user can reveal perviously hidden information printed on the intermediate panel 20, such as whether the product is a winning product in an instant win promotion.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown an apparatus, designated generally as 50, for performing a first stage of the method in which a succession of folded leaflets is adhered to a support web carried on a backing of release material, and then the leaflets and underlying support web carried on the backing of release material are die-cut to form a succession of intermediate labels which are then overlaminated by a web of self-adhesive laminar material.
  • Figure 4 shows an apparatus for performing a second stage of the method in which the overlaminated assembly of die-cut folded leaflet/support piece assemblies are subjected to a second die-cutting step in which the self-adhesive labels of the first embodiment are formed and wound up onto a reel of release backing material.
  • a reel 52 of a duplex pressure-sensitive material comprising a pressure-sensitive transparent plastics web 54 carried on a backing web 56 of release material.
  • the duplex web is unwound from the reel 52 and fed past an adhesive applying station 58 at which an adhesive applicator 60 applies a succession of patches 62 of liquid adhesive, for example a water-soluble adhesive, along the length of the upper surface of the plastics web 54.
  • the duplex web is then conveyed to a folded sheet applying station 64 at which a succession of folded sheets 66 are applied by a leaflet applicator, represented generally by the ramp 68, to the succession of patches 62 of adhesive. It will be seen that the folded sheets 66 are applied in registry with the patches 62 of adhesive whereby the back cover 67 of each folded sheet 66 is adhered to the plastics web 54 by a respective patch 62 of adhesive.
  • the folded sheets 66 adhered to the plastics web 54 are then conveyed to a die-cutting station 68.
  • the die-cutting station 68 is provided with an upper die-cutting roller 70 and a lower backing roller 72 through which is passed the duplex web carrying the folded sheets 66.
  • the die-cutting roller 70 cuts through the adhered folded sheets 66 and through the plastics web 54 as far as, but not through, the backing 56 of release material, so as to cut the support piece 6 and the folded leaflet 16 adhered thereto of the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2. This forms a succession of intermediate labels 78.
  • waste material surrounding the intermediate labels 78 consisting of the cut-away skeleton of the plastics web of laminar material 54 carrying the cut-away portions of the folded sheets 66 adhered thereto forms a waste web 74 which is removed from the backing 56 of release material and wound into a reel 76.
  • the die-cut intermediate labels 78 then pass to a laminating station 80 at which a web of self-adhesive, transparent plastics laminar material 82 is wound out from a reel 84 thereof and laminated by a roller 86 over the succession of intermediate labels 78 on the backing 56 of release material.
  • a laminating station 80 at which a web of self-adhesive, transparent plastics laminar material 82 is wound out from a reel 84 thereof and laminated by a roller 86 over the succession of intermediate labels 78 on the backing 56 of release material.
  • Each intermediate label 78 is entirely encapsulated by the laminar material 82 which extends past both the longitudinal and transverse cut edges of the intermediate labels 78.
  • the resultant succession of overlaminated intermediate labels 78 is then wound into a reel 88.
  • the self-adhesive label comprises a folded leaflet having three panels. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, a larger number of panels may be provided.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Etiquette auto-adhésive (2) supportée sur un dos de matériau de décollement (4) comprenant une pièce de support auto-adhésive (6) comportant une surface auto-adhésive donnant vers l'arrière collée au dos de matériau de décollement, une partie pliée (12) disposée sur la surface avant de la pièce de support, la partie pliée comprenant des couvertures avant (16) et arrière (14) enfermant une partie intermédiaire (20) entre elles, caractérisée en ce qu'un matériau laminaire auto-adhésif (36) recouvre, et adhère à, la partie pliée, le matériau laminaire s'étendant au-delà des bords de la pièce de support (6) et la partie pliée (12) pour former une bordure périphérique (42) de l'étiquette comportant une surface donnant vers l'arrière revêtue d'un adhésif permanent sensible à la pression, qui est collée au dos de matériau de décollement (4), et dans laquelle la partie intermédiaire est accessible en découpant ou en déchirant le matériau laminaire (36).
  2. Etiquette auto-adhésive selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la couverture avant et la partie intermédiaire sont, respectivement, reliées par des première et deuxième lignes de pliage (18, 22) à la couverture arrière.
  3. Etiquette auto-adhésive selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans laquelle la couverture avant est plus grande que la couverture arrière et la partie intermédiaire et comprend une patte étendue (26) qui est découpée ou déchirée en même temps que le matériau laminaire afin d'accéder à la partie intermédiaire.
  4. Etiquette auto-adhésive selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant également une ligne d'ouverture (44) s'étendant en travers de l'étiquette.
  5. Etiquette auto-adhésive selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la partie intermédiaire porte des informations imprimées consistant en un jeu promotionnel à révélation de gain instantanée.
  6. Procédé pour fabriquer une succession d'étiquettes auto-adhésives portées sur un dos de matériau de décollement, le procédé comprenant les opérations consistant à :
    (a) prévoir une bande de support auto-adhésive portée sur un dos de matériau de décollement ;
    (b) coller une succession de feuilles pliées le long de la bande de support, chaque feuille pliée comprenant une partie formant couverture avant, une partie formant couverture arrière et une partie intermédiaire enfermée entre ;
    (c) découper à l'emporte-pièce l'ensemble consistant en les feuilles pliées et la bande de support jusqu'au matériau de décollement de manière à découper une succession d'étiquettes intermédiaires, chacune comprenant un dépliant plié découpé dans une des feuilles pliées et collé à une pièce de support découpée dans la bande de support ;
    (d) ôter les chutes de matériau entourant les étiquettes intermédiaires du dos de matériau de décollement ;
    (e) recouvrir par laminage les étiquettes intermédiaires au moyen d'un matériau laminaire auto-adhésif revêtu d'un adhésif permanent sensible à la pression de manière que chaque étiquette intermédiaire soit enrobée par le matériau laminaire ; et
    (f) découper à l'emporte-pièce le matériau laminaire autour de chaque étiquette intermédiaire de manière à former une bordure périphérique du matériau laminaire entourant chaque étiquette intermédiaire et collée au dos de matériau de décollement.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le dépliant plié comprend une couverture arrière, une couverture avant reliée à la couverture arrière par une première ligne de pliage, et une partie intermédiaire reliée à la couverture arrière par une deuxième ligne de pliage.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la couverture avant est plus grande que la couverture arrière et la partie intermédiaire et comprend une patte étendue.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, comprenant également la phase consistant à découper au moins dans le matériau laminaire de manière à former dans chaque étiquette auto-adhésive une ligne d'ouverture s'étendant en travers de l'étiquette respective.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, comprenant également la phase consistant à imprimer sur la partie intermédiaire de chaque feuille pliée des informations consistant en un jeu promotionnel à révélation de gain instantanée.
EP97912392A 1996-11-25 1997-11-19 Etiquettes et leur procede de fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0939947B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9624438 1996-11-25
GB9624438A GB2319508B (en) 1996-11-25 1996-11-25 Labels and manufacture thereof
PCT/GB1997/003181 WO1998024086A1 (fr) 1996-11-25 1997-11-19 Etiquettes et leur procede de fabrication

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0939947A1 EP0939947A1 (fr) 1999-09-08
EP0939947B1 true EP0939947B1 (fr) 2001-10-31

Family

ID=10803419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97912392A Expired - Lifetime EP0939947B1 (fr) 1996-11-25 1997-11-19 Etiquettes et leur procede de fabrication

Country Status (16)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0939947B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002509622A (fr)
KR (1) KR20000069127A (fr)
CN (1) CN1238852A (fr)
AT (1) ATE208078T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU722158B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9713133A (fr)
CA (1) CA2272572A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ181999A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE69707912T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0939947T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2166983T3 (fr)
GB (1) GB2319508B (fr)
NZ (1) NZ335812A (fr)
TR (1) TR199901145T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998024086A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104794988A (zh) * 2014-09-17 2015-07-22 无锡市龙创印刷科技有限公司 一种防转移标签

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GB2331467A (en) * 1997-11-25 1999-05-26 Ko Pack International Validation of lottery entries
GB2382810B (en) * 2001-12-05 2005-10-12 Ditone Labels Ltd Label
FR2853852B1 (fr) * 2003-04-17 2006-04-21 Techmay Sa Procede et dispositif de fabrication d'un ruban d'etiquettes adhesives
AU2003902916A0 (en) * 2003-06-11 2003-06-26 A.A. & P. Converting Pty Ltd Packaging with printed indicia
GB0420886D0 (en) * 2004-09-20 2004-10-20 Denny Bros Ltd Method of manufacture of self-adhesive labels
CA2637049C (fr) 2006-01-17 2014-01-07 Bedford Industries, Inc. Articles d'etiquetage composites separables en forme de feuilles ou de rouleaux
US7836622B1 (en) 2006-09-28 2010-11-23 Bedford Industries, Inc. Foldable tag with expandable loop
US9908359B2 (en) * 2012-05-30 2018-03-06 Minigraphics, Inc. Extended content booklet labels
USD723621S1 (en) 2012-11-09 2015-03-03 Bedford Industries, Inc. Elastomeric loop assembly
USD712154S1 (en) 2012-11-21 2014-09-02 Bedford Industries, Inc. Tag-loop carrier assembly
CN103745656A (zh) * 2013-12-12 2014-04-23 中山市美高力印刷有限公司 一种可载物的标贴
US10388192B2 (en) 2016-06-24 2019-08-20 Bedford Industries, Inc. Flat elastic labeling article
US10189588B2 (en) 2016-07-07 2019-01-29 Bedford Industries, Inc. Bundling article with elastic loop and cooperating tag
US10723532B2 (en) 2017-05-22 2020-07-28 Bedford Insutries, Inc. Elastic band package
US11021339B2 (en) 2017-05-22 2021-06-01 Bedford Industries, Inc. Elastic band dispenser
US10607510B2 (en) 2017-06-05 2020-03-31 Bedford Industries, Inc. Elastic band with embedded label
ES1208689Y (es) * 2018-03-07 2018-06-21 All The Hearts S L Etiqueta rasca reposicionable para ocultacion temporal de elementos graficos y/o alfanumericos
ES1208936Y (es) * 2018-03-07 2018-06-25 All The Hearts S L Articulo con elementos graficos y/o alfanumericos ocultos
WO2019183069A1 (fr) 2018-03-20 2019-09-26 Bedford Industries, Inc. Article de fermeture à élément de fixation auxiliaire
GB2583066B (en) * 2019-02-25 2022-06-29 Denny Bros Ltd A label

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US4323608A (en) * 1980-06-30 1982-04-06 Denny Russell W Label
DE3586084D1 (de) * 1984-10-29 1992-06-25 David John Instance Etiketten und deren herstellung.
GB8719217D0 (en) * 1987-08-13 1987-09-23 Denny Bros Printing Adhesive label assemblies
GB8827507D0 (en) * 1988-11-24 1988-12-29 Instance Ltd David J Labels & manufacture thereof
GB2247662B (en) * 1990-08-31 1994-11-02 Instance Ltd David J Labels and manufacture thereof
NL9100560A (nl) * 1991-03-28 1992-10-16 Avery Dennison Corp Label.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104794988A (zh) * 2014-09-17 2015-07-22 无锡市龙创印刷科技有限公司 一种防转移标签

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU722158B2 (en) 2000-07-20
CN1238852A (zh) 1999-12-15
AU4961997A (en) 1998-06-22
WO1998024086A1 (fr) 1998-06-04
BR9713133A (pt) 2000-02-08
CZ181999A3 (cs) 1999-10-13
CA2272572A1 (fr) 1998-06-04
GB9624438D0 (en) 1997-01-15
EP0939947A1 (fr) 1999-09-08
GB2319508A (en) 1998-05-27
GB2319508B (en) 2000-03-08
TR199901145T2 (xx) 1999-08-23
DE69707912T2 (de) 2002-07-11
ATE208078T1 (de) 2001-11-15
NZ335812A (en) 2000-11-24
DE69707912D1 (de) 2001-12-06
JP2002509622A (ja) 2002-03-26
DK0939947T3 (da) 2001-12-27
KR20000069127A (ko) 2000-11-25
ES2166983T3 (es) 2002-05-01

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