EP0936692A2 - Microstrip line to waveguide transition and use of said transition - Google Patents

Microstrip line to waveguide transition and use of said transition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0936692A2
EP0936692A2 EP99440016A EP99440016A EP0936692A2 EP 0936692 A2 EP0936692 A2 EP 0936692A2 EP 99440016 A EP99440016 A EP 99440016A EP 99440016 A EP99440016 A EP 99440016A EP 0936692 A2 EP0936692 A2 EP 0936692A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transition
waveguide
microstrip line
microstrip
conductor
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Application number
EP99440016A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0936692A3 (en
Inventor
Rolf Heidemann
Bernhard Junginger
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Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel SA
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Publication of EP0936692A2 publication Critical patent/EP0936692A2/en
Publication of EP0936692A3 publication Critical patent/EP0936692A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
    • H01P5/10Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
    • H01P5/107Hollow-waveguide/strip-line transitions

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a transition from a microstrip line a waveguide and the use of such a transition the genus of independent claims.
  • DE 1 96 14 286 describes a coupling arrangement for coupling a Resonators to a connecting line known, especially for very high Frequencies can be used.
  • This is a flat dielectric Substrate with the substrate plane perpendicular to the wall surfaces of the Aligned resonators.
  • the planar running on the substrate Waveguides in stripline technology (microstrip) are up to the Led wall surface facing edge of the substrate.
  • the waveguide have, for example, connection to one on the same substrate monolithically integrated millimeter wave circuit arrangement.
  • the electric wave field of the waveguide which is between the two Of the waveguide, couples directly to the electrical field of the resonator in the aperture openings. Furthermore, from the state of the Technology known to couple microstrip lines to antennas.
  • the microstrip line is carried on a substrate and the energy is transferred an aperture is coupled into the radiating antenna.
  • the antenna is constructed as a waveguide and is made with the help of dielectric, vapor-deposited layers. About the aperture that in the Base plate is milled, the energy is coupled into the antenna.
  • voting is the biggest problem with the Coupling of microstrip conductors to hollow conductors. Especially in the area The mechanical dimensions of the components become high frequencies small and the adjustment via tuning screws, as z. B. at Use of coupling pins is necessary, becomes complex. Also the A vote on fixed dielectric surfaces in the waveguide is a complex process.
  • JP 09246816 (abstract) a transition is known that uses the energy from the microstrip line to the semiconductor in an aperture transmits.
  • the structure of the waveguide is conventional.
  • the transition according to the invention with the characteristic features the independent claim has the advantage that it is monolithic, d. that is, the ground area of the microstrip line at least partially forms a wall of the waveguide.
  • the metallic one Body is provided with a recess and a lid. Such a Construction enables a stable, insensitive construction - also with Mass products.
  • the aperture both perpendicular and parallel to arrange the direction of propagation of the microwaves in the waveguide and so to optimize the customization.
  • Such a component is advantageously so robust that it can be used in a HybridFiber Radio (HFR) network for high-frequency transmission Signals becomes possible.
  • HFR HybridFiber Radio
  • Figure 1a shows one Cross section of the transition according to the invention
  • Figure 1 b is a plan of the transition according to the invention.
  • a microstrip line (1) On a ground surface of a microstrip line (1) is monolithic Integrated microwave circuitry (7) connected.
  • the Microstrip line (1) is applied to a dielectric, which in turn was applied to a ground surface (3).
  • a metal block (6) has for example a milled cavity (2) through a cover (4) and is closed by the ground surface (3) to form a waveguide. In a slot-shaped aperture (5) is introduced into the ground surface (3).
  • the recess (2) can be made directly in the plate by using substrate plates with very thick metal laminations on the back.
  • the upper wall is also formed by a cover (4).
  • the electromagnetic fields that propagate in the microstrip line (1) are coupled into the cavity (2) via the slit-shaped aperture (5) that has been introduced into the metallic lamination of the substrate (3).
  • the width and position of the slot in relation to the end of the waveguide or the microstrip line (1) must be selected appropriately in order to achieve the best possible transition. The best possible transition occurs depending on whether the microstrip line has an open end or is short-circuited. The transition at the open end takes place with ⁇ / 2 adaptation, with a short circuit in the microstrip line with ⁇ / 4 adaptation.
  • Remaining mismatch can be reduced, for example, by attaching different line pieces to the microstrip line and / or by taking measures in the waveguide. For example, it is possible to bond tuning flags (8) to the microstrip conductor (1) via wires and thus to bring about an adaptation. These flags and wires can already be provided in production and can be connected to the microstrip conductor (1) if the component is fine-tuned.
  • the waveguide e.g. B. consists of an injection molded aluminum part to train specially. It it is possible to leave podiums or steps, and so on to create optimal conditions for adaptation. It is still also possible to provide dowel pins in the cavity, so that a Coordination becomes possible.
  • the transition can be done via the E-field or the H field as well as a combination of both.
  • connection between the microwave circuit board (3) and the metal block (6) is done, for example, with conductive adhesive.
  • the transition piece according to the invention can be used, for example, in the subscriber access area when signals are received or transmitted in the millimeter wave range.
  • the component is used in a base station for a distribution network and at the subscriber and is a cost-effective way to receive the signals of an amplifier that is, for. B. can be integrated in component 7, implemented on a waveguide and then on an antenna.
  • the use of a horn antenna is particularly advantageous for the application.
  • the implementation on a waveguide enables the use of economically interesting antennas.
  • the combination of tuning elements in the cavity (2) and on the microstrip line (1) enables the component to be well adapted to the desired bandwidth and frequency of the signal.
  • the simple structure of the component and its monolithic structure make it robust and easy to machine and tune.

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Abstract

A micro strip conductor (1) is formed on the metal base substrate (6) and is coupled to a monolithic integrated microwave circuit (7). A dielectric layer (3) is between the conductor and the base. The metal base is cut back to form a resonator region (2) and the conductor has a slit shaped aperture (5).

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Übergang von einer Mikrostripleitung zu einem Hohlleiter sowie von der Verwendung eines solchen Übergangs nach der Gattung der unabhängigen Ansprüche.The invention is based on a transition from a microstrip line a waveguide and the use of such a transition the genus of independent claims.

Aus der DE 1 96 14 286 ist eine Koppelanordnung zur Ankopplung eines Resonators an eine Anschlußleitung bekannt, die besonders für sehr hohe Frequenzen eingesetzt werden kann. Dabei wird ein ebenes dielektrisches Substrat mit der Substratebene senkrecht zu den Wandungsflächen des Resonators ausgerichtet. Die auf dem Substrat verlaufenden planaren Wellenleiter in Streifenleitungstechnik (Mikrostrip) werden bis zu der Wandungsfläche zugewandten Kante des Substrats geführt. Die Wellenleiter haben beispielsweise Verbindung zu einer auf demselben Substrat monolithisch integrierten Millimeterwellenschaltungsanordnung. Das elektrische Wellenfeld des Wellenleiters, das sich zwischen den beiden Leitern des Wellenleiters ausbildet, koppelt direkt an das elektrische Feld des Resonators in den Aperturöffnungen. Weiterhin ist aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, Mikrostripleitungen an Antennen anzukoppeln. Dabei wird die Mikrostripleitung auf einem Substrat geführt und die Energie über eine Apertur in die abstrahlende Antenne eingekoppelt. Die Antenne ist dabei als Hohlleiter aufgebaut und wird mit Hilfe von dielektrischen, aufdampfbaren Schichten abgestimmt. Über die Apertur, die in die Grundplatte eingefräßt ist, wird die Energie in die Antenne eingekoppelt.DE 1 96 14 286 describes a coupling arrangement for coupling a Resonators to a connecting line known, especially for very high Frequencies can be used. This is a flat dielectric Substrate with the substrate plane perpendicular to the wall surfaces of the Aligned resonators. The planar running on the substrate Waveguides in stripline technology (microstrip) are up to the Led wall surface facing edge of the substrate. The waveguide have, for example, connection to one on the same substrate monolithically integrated millimeter wave circuit arrangement. The electric wave field of the waveguide, which is between the two Of the waveguide, couples directly to the electrical field of the resonator in the aperture openings. Furthermore, from the state of the Technology known to couple microstrip lines to antennas. Here the microstrip line is carried on a substrate and the energy is transferred an aperture is coupled into the radiating antenna. The antenna is constructed as a waveguide and is made with the help of dielectric, vapor-deposited layers. About the aperture that in the Base plate is milled, the energy is coupled into the antenna.

Weiterhin ist es bekannt, über Koppelstifte koaxiale Verbindungen mit dem Hohlleiter herzustellen.Furthermore, it is known to have coaxial connections with the coupling pins Manufacture waveguide.

In allen bekannten Fällen ist die Abstimmung das größte Problem bei der Ankopplung von Mikrostripleitern an Hohl leitern. Gerade im Bereich sehr hoher Frequenzen werden die mechanischen Abmessungen der Bauteile klein und die Justierung über Abstimmschrauben, wie sie z. B. bei Verwendung von Koppelstiften notwendig ist, wird aufwendig. Auch die Abstimmung über feste dielektrische Flächen im Hohlleiter ist ein aufwendiges Verfahren.In all known cases, voting is the biggest problem with the Coupling of microstrip conductors to hollow conductors. Especially in the area The mechanical dimensions of the components become high frequencies small and the adjustment via tuning screws, as z. B. at Use of coupling pins is necessary, becomes complex. Also the A vote on fixed dielectric surfaces in the waveguide is a complex process.

Aus der JP 09246816 (Abstract) ist ein Übergang bekannt, der mithilfe einer Apertur die Energie von der Mikrostripleitung auf den Hohleiter überträgt. Der Aufbau des Hohlleiters ist dabei konventionell.From JP 09246816 (abstract) a transition is known that uses the energy from the microstrip line to the semiconductor in an aperture transmits. The structure of the waveguide is conventional.

Der erfindungsgemäße Übergang mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruches hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß er monolithisch aufgebaut ist, d. h., daß die Massefläche der Mikrostripleitung zumindest teilweise eine Wandung des Hohlleiters bildet. Der metallische Körper wird mit einer Aussparung und einem Deckel versehe. Ein solcher Aufbau ermöglicht eine stabile, unempfindliche Bauweise - auch bei Massenprodukten.The transition according to the invention with the characteristic features the independent claim has the advantage that it is monolithic, d. that is, the ground area of the microstrip line at least partially forms a wall of the waveguide. The metallic one Body is provided with a recess and a lid. Such a Construction enables a stable, insensitive construction - also with Mass products.

Die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen dienen zur vorteilhaften Weiterbildung und Verbesserung des in unabhängigen Anspruch angegebenen Übergangs.The measures listed in the subclaims serve to advantageous training and improvement in independent Claim specified transition.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der metallische Körper von der rückwärtigen Kaschierung der Substratplatte der Mikrostripleitung gebildet ist. Damit ist ein besonders einfacher und unaufwendiger Aufbau des Übergangs möglich. It when the metallic body of the back lamination of the substrate plate of the microstrip line is formed is. This is a particularly simple and inexpensive structure of the Transition possible.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, die Apertur sowohl senkrecht als auch parallel zur Fortpflanzungsrichtung der Mikrowellen im Hohlleiter anzuordnen und so die Anpassung zu optimieren.It is particularly advantageous to have the aperture both perpendicular and parallel to arrange the direction of propagation of the microwaves in the waveguide and so to optimize the customization.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Übergang ist es durch einfache Weise möglich, Mittel im Hohlleiter vorzusehen, durch die die Anpassung erfolgen kann. Dazu sind z. B. Nasen, Nuten und ähnliche geometrische Ausbildungen der Wandungen geeignet.With the transition according to the invention, it is simple possible to provide means in the waveguide through which the adaptation takes place can. For this purpose, e.g. B. lugs, grooves and similar geometric Formations of the walls suitable.

Weiterhin ist es auch möglich, die Anpassung durch Beeinflussung des Mikrostripleiters vorzunehmen. Durch anbindbare Leiterstücke, z. B. durch Fähnchen, die an die Mikrostripleitung angebondet werden, ist eine Feinanpassung des Bauteils möglich.Furthermore, it is also possible to adapt by influencing the Microstrip conductors. By connectable conductor pieces, e.g. B. by A flag that is bonded to the microstrip line is one Fine adjustment of the component possible.

Vorteilhafterweise wird ein solches Bauteil so robust, daß eine Verwendung in einem HybridFiber Radio (HFR)-Netz zu der Übertragung hochfrequenter Signale möglich wird.Such a component is advantageously so robust that it can be used in a HybridFiber Radio (HFR) network for high-frequency transmission Signals becomes possible.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigt Figur 1a einen Querschnitt des erfindungsgemäßen Übergangs und Figur 1 b eine Aufsicht des erfindungsgemäßen Übergangs.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Figure 1a shows one Cross section of the transition according to the invention and Figure 1 b is a plan of the transition according to the invention.

Auf einer Massefläche einer Mikrostripleitung (1) ist mit einer monolithisch integrierten Mikrowellenschaltungsanordnung (7) verbunden. Die Mikrostripleitung (1) ist auf einem Dielektrikum aufgebracht, das wiederum auf einer Massefläche (3) aufgebracht wurde. Ein Metallblock (6) weist einen beispielsweise eingefräßten Hohlraum (2) auf, der durch einen Deckel (4) und durch die Massefläche (3) zu einem Hohlleiter geschlossen ist. In der Massefläche (3) ist eine schlitzförmige Apertur (5) eingebracht.On a ground surface of a microstrip line (1) is monolithic Integrated microwave circuitry (7) connected. The Microstrip line (1) is applied to a dielectric, which in turn was applied to a ground surface (3). A metal block (6) has for example a milled cavity (2) through a cover (4) and is closed by the ground surface (3) to form a waveguide. In a slot-shaped aperture (5) is introduced into the ground surface (3).

Durch Verwendung von Substratplatten mit sehr dicken rückseitigen, metallischen Kaschierungen kann die Aussparung (2) direkt in die Platte eingebracht werden. Die obere Wand wird dabei ebenfalls von einem Deckel (4) gebildet. Die elektromagnetischen Felder, die sich in der Mikrostripleitung (1) ausbreiten, werden über die schlitzförmige Apertur (5), die in die metallische Kaschierung des Substrats (3) eingebracht wurde, in den Hohlraum (2) eingekoppelt.
Die Breite und Position des Schlitzes im Bezug zum Ende des Hohlleiters bzw. der Mikrostripleitung (1) sind geeignet zu wählen, um einen bestmöglichen Übergang zu erzielen.
Der bestmögliche Übergang erfolgt dabei je nachdem, ob die Mikrostripleitung ein offenes Ende aufweist oder kurzgeschlossen ist. Der Übergang bei offenem Ende erfolgt mit λ/2-Anpassung, bei Kurzschluß der Mikrostripleitung mit λ/4-Anpassung.
Verbleibende Fehlanpassung kann z.B. durch Anbringen verschiedener Leitungsstücke an der Mikrostripleitung oder/und durch Maßnahmen im Hohlleiter reduziert werden. Es ist beispielsweise möglich, Abstimmfähnchen (8) über Drähte an den Mikrostripleiter (1) anzubonden und so eine Anpassung zu bewirken. Diese Fähnchen und Drähte können bereits in der Produktion vorgesehen werden und bei einer Feinanpassung des Bauteils mit dem Mikrostripleiter (1) verbunden werden.
The recess (2) can be made directly in the plate by using substrate plates with very thick metal laminations on the back. The upper wall is also formed by a cover (4). The electromagnetic fields that propagate in the microstrip line (1) are coupled into the cavity (2) via the slit-shaped aperture (5) that has been introduced into the metallic lamination of the substrate (3).
The width and position of the slot in relation to the end of the waveguide or the microstrip line (1) must be selected appropriately in order to achieve the best possible transition.
The best possible transition occurs depending on whether the microstrip line has an open end or is short-circuited. The transition at the open end takes place with λ / 2 adaptation, with a short circuit in the microstrip line with λ / 4 adaptation.
Remaining mismatch can be reduced, for example, by attaching different line pieces to the microstrip line and / or by taking measures in the waveguide. For example, it is possible to bond tuning flags (8) to the microstrip conductor (1) via wires and thus to bring about an adaptation. These flags and wires can already be provided in production and can be connected to the microstrip conductor (1) if the component is fine-tuned.

Zur Abstimmung des Übrgangs ist es weiterhin möglich, den Hohlleiter, der z. B. aus einem Spritzgußaluminiumteil besteht, speziell auszubilden. Es besteht die Möglichkeit, Podeste oder Stufen stehenzulassen, um so optimale Bedingungen für eine Anpassung zu schaffen. Es ist weiterhin auch möglich, Anpaßstifte im Hohlraum vorzusehen, so daß eine Abstimmung möglich wird. Der Übergang kann sowohl über das E-Feld odre das H-Feld als auch über eine Kombination von beiden erfolgen.To coordinate the transition, it is still possible to use the waveguide e.g. B. consists of an injection molded aluminum part to train specially. It it is possible to leave podiums or steps, and so on to create optimal conditions for adaptation. It is still also possible to provide dowel pins in the cavity, so that a Coordination becomes possible. The transition can be done via the E-field or the H field as well as a combination of both.

Die Verbindung zwischen Mikrowellenleiterplatte (3) und dem Metallblock (6) erfolgt dabei beispielsweise mit Leitkleber.The connection between the microwave circuit board (3) and the metal block (6) is done, for example, with conductive adhesive.

Das erfindungsgemäße Übergangsstück kann beispielsweise im Teilnehmeranschlußbereich eingesetzt werden, wenn Signale im Millimeterwellenbereich empfangen oder ausgesendet werden. Das Bauteil wird in einer Basisstation für ein Verteilnetz und beim Teilnehmer eingesetzt und stellt eine kostengünstige Möglichkeit dar, die Signale eines Verstärkers, der sich z. B. im Bauteil 7 integrieren läßt, auf einen Hohlleiter und anschließend auf eine Antenne umzusetzen. Besonders die Verwendung einer Hornantenne ist für die Anwendung vorteilhaft. Über ein solches kleines robustes Bauteil ist der letzte Schritt der Umsetzung von Signalen einer Basisstation in einer Zelle von beispielsweise bis zu tausend Haushalten möglich. Durch die Umsetzung auf einen Hohlleiter ist der Einsatz von wirtschaftlich interessanten Antennen möglich. Durch die Kombination von Abstimmelementen im Hohlraum (2) sowie an der Mikrostripleitung (1) ist eine gute Anpassung des Bauteils an die gewünschte Bandbreite und Frequenz des Signals möglich.
Die einfache Struktur des Bauteils sowie sein monolithischer Aufbau macht es robust und auf einfache Weise maschinell herstell- und abstimmbar.
The transition piece according to the invention can be used, for example, in the subscriber access area when signals are received or transmitted in the millimeter wave range. The component is used in a base station for a distribution network and at the subscriber and is a cost-effective way to receive the signals of an amplifier that is, for. B. can be integrated in component 7, implemented on a waveguide and then on an antenna. The use of a horn antenna is particularly advantageous for the application. With such a small, robust component, the last step in converting signals from a base station into a cell of, for example, up to a thousand households is possible. The implementation on a waveguide enables the use of economically interesting antennas. The combination of tuning elements in the cavity (2) and on the microstrip line (1) enables the component to be well adapted to the desired bandwidth and frequency of the signal.
The simple structure of the component and its monolithic structure make it robust and easy to machine and tune.

Claims (8)

Übergang von einer Mikrostripleitung (1) zu einem Hohlleiter (2) für Mikrowellen, wobei die Massefläche (3) der Mikrostripleitung (1) eine schlitzförmige Apertur (5) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Massefläche (3) der Mikrostripleitung mindestens Teil einer Wandung des Hohlleiters (2) bildet, der durch die Einbringen einer Aussparung in einem metallischen Körper (6) und Auflegen eines Deckels (4) gebildet wird.Transition from a microstrip line (1) to a waveguide (2) for Microwaves, the ground surface (3) of the microstrip line (1) has slot-shaped aperture (5), characterized in that the Ground area (3) of the microstrip line at least part of a wall of the Waveguide (2) forms by inserting a recess in one metallic body (6) and placing a lid (4) is formed. Übergang nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der metallische Körper (6) die rückseitige metallische Kaschierung einer als Massefläche (3) dienenden Substratplatte ist.Transition according to claim 1, characterized in that the metallic body (6) the back metallic lamination one as Ground surface (3) serving substrate plate. Übergang nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schlitzförmige Apertur (5) durch einen Schlitz senkrecht oder parallel zur Fortpflanzungsrichtung der Mikrowellen im Hohlleiter (2) gebildet wird.Transition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the slot-shaped aperture (5) through a slot perpendicular or parallel to Direction of propagation of the microwaves in the waveguide (2) is formed. Übergang nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Übergang durch Mittel im Hohlleiter (2)angepaßt ist. Transition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the transition is adapted by means in the waveguide (2) is. Übergang nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Hohlleiter (2) geometrische Wandausbildungen wie Höcker, Nuten, oder Nasen usw. eingebracht sind.Transition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that in the waveguide (2) geometric wall formations such as Bumps, grooves, or noses, etc. are introduced. Übergang nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anpossung des Übergangs durch spezielle Mittel am Mikrostripleiter (1) erfolgt.Transition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that the adjustment of the transition by special means on the microstrip conductor (1). Übergang nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anpassung durch an die Mikrostripleiter anbindbare Leiterstücke (8) erfolgt.Transition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the adaptation by to the microstrip conductor connectable conductor pieces (8). Verwendung des Übergangs nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er als Übergang an eine Antenne für die Übertragung von hochfrequenten Signalen in einem TV-Verteilnetz eingesetzt wird.Use the transition after one of the previous ones Claims, characterized in that it acts as a transition to an antenna for the transmission of high-frequency signals in a TV distribution network is used.
EP99440016A 1998-02-13 1999-01-29 Microstrip line to waveguide transition and use of said transition Withdrawn EP0936692A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19805911 1998-02-13
DE19805911A DE19805911A1 (en) 1998-02-13 1998-02-13 Transition from a microstrip line to a waveguide and use of such a transition

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EP0936692A2 true EP0936692A2 (en) 1999-08-18
EP0936692A3 EP0936692A3 (en) 2001-05-16

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JP (1) JPH11284412A (en)
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DE (1) DE19805911A1 (en)

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CA2260407A1 (en) 1999-08-13
JPH11284412A (en) 1999-10-15
EP0936692A3 (en) 2001-05-16
DE19805911A1 (en) 1999-08-19

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