EP0931981B1 - Apparatus and method for postcombustion of heavy ash with high contents of unburnt matter - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for postcombustion of heavy ash with high contents of unburnt matter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0931981B1 EP0931981B1 EP99200062A EP99200062A EP0931981B1 EP 0931981 B1 EP0931981 B1 EP 0931981B1 EP 99200062 A EP99200062 A EP 99200062A EP 99200062 A EP99200062 A EP 99200062A EP 0931981 B1 EP0931981 B1 EP 0931981B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ash
- belt
- air
- postcombustion
- zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
- F23J1/02—Apparatus for removing ash, clinker, or slag from ash-pits, e.g. by employing trucks or conveyors, by employing suction devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B5/00—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/30—Solid combustion residues, e.g. bottom or flyash
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method promoting the combustion completion or postcombustion of unburnt matter still contained in heavy ash arising from combustion of solid fuel of any kind in combustion chambers for powdered fuel, when said ash falls out from the combustion chamber.
- This invention will produce the greater advantages the higher is the contents of unburnt matter in the ash.
- the present invention can be considered a development of the invention disclosed in EP- 0 252 967 B1, applicable in those cases where the contents of unbumt matter is high and/or the postcombustion degree that can be attained with the apparatus disclosed in said prior document is not satisfactory.
- the apparatus disclosed in said document claimed the increase of efficiency arising from the reduction of unburnt matter in heavy ash because of the introduction through suitable openings of air that travelled in countercurrent to the ash flow and promoted the combustion completion in view of the consequent oxidising ambient.
- Document EP 0471055 B1 (corresponding to WO-A-91/13293) discloses a system for discharging bottom ash from steam producing boilers, wherein the conveyor belt is partially sealed to prevent ashes falling through the belt and counter current air is introduced into the system only at the upper extremity of the ash discharge extractor and postcooler, flowing over the ashes.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide for an apparatus and a method solving these problems so as to allow:
- FIG. 1 of the drawings shows in a diagrammatic way one embodiment of the apparatus 10 according to the present invention, comprising:
- the postcombustion belt 18 is arranged directly below the combustion chamber 14 and receives ash 34 continuously falling from said combustion chamber.
- the belt is moved to such a speed to obtain the optimal combination of thickness of the ash layer and ash residence time on the belt as a function of the amount of ash produced. Indeed if on the one hand an increase of the residence time promotes a postcombustion increase, on the other hand it causes an increase of the ash layer thickness on the belt that reduces diffusion of air necessary for the combustion inside the ash layer.
- the regulation of the optimal combination may be effected only once, when the operative conditions are so stable to allow it, or more frequently in a continuous way by means of a continuous measurement of the actual thickness of ash 34 on the belt 18 for instance through a device 36 shown in Figure 2.
- Said measuring device 36 comprises a blade 38 shaped so as not to hinder substantially the advancement of ash 34, said blade 38 being hinged to the top of the container 24. From the value of angle ⁇ formed by said blade lying on the ash bed, it is possible to know the thickness of said bed. Said blade 38 has also another function of great relevance in the method of the invention, that will be described hereinafter.
- the belt postcombustion zone A is extended farther than the belt stretch under the boiler, so as to give a suitable residence time also to ash deposited on the belt in proximity of the outlet.
- the extension of the postcombustion zone outside the boiler will be determined for each single plant as a function of the general configuration of the boiler area and the desired postcombustion degree. As it was stated hereinbefore, it is fundamental to keep the temperature at high values, but harmonized with the necessity of safeguarding the mechanical characteristics of the components involved in the high temperature zone, namely the belt and the support rollers.
- the lateral walls 40 of the postcombustion zone A, as well as the cover of said zone at the outlet of the postcombustion chamber are thermally insulated.
- the air inlet ports 42 must be of limited size in the belt advancement direction so as to limit ash fall through said ports.
- a positive pressure differential between the area below the belt and the area above the belt, air will be forced to pass through said inlet ports.
- the combustion chambers normally operate under a light vacuum, it will be necessary to seal as far as possible the area above the belt. In this way the area above the belt will be at the said vacuum level of the combustion chamber, while the area under the belt will be at the pressure close to the atmospheric one. To this end, it will be the thickness of the ash 34 layer to limit the lateral penetrations through the area under the belt 18 and the area above the belt 18 for the whole length of said belt.
- the postcombustion zone A may be divided, during belt advancement, as follows (see Figure 7):
- ash is hit by cold air introduced into the apparatus through a suitable opening so as to start the cooling process.
- Said cooling process is completed when discharging the material from the belt to the free atmosphere, at the area where it falls toward the primary crusher 30 as well as at the subsequent contact heat exchanger 32.
- hot ash are cooled both by the direct contact with cold air and contact with metal plates 54 in turn hit by upwards ascendent cold air; these plates may be provided with lower fins (not shown) so as to increase the thermal exchange with the air and keep their temperature at minimal values.
- Air ascending from the cooler to the postcombustor, forming totally or partially the combustion air, will be delivered to the zone where ash is discharged from the belt through a duct of suitable size in order to minimize loss of head. This feature is shown in Figure 8.
- a cold air inlet 56 through the opening at the end of the postcombustion zone; an air inlet 58 from the final cooler 32; a drum 60 driving the belt; said belt 18; the ash layer 34 on the belt; the lateral channels or troughs 62 in which air is forced to move so as to enter again the combustion chamber, being attracted by the vacuum; and the lower trough 64 having the double function of deviating the possible fall of ash particles at the sides of the extractor container, so as to avoid said fall on the return stretch of the belt and the consequent erosion, and of forming together with the lateral channels a duct distributing hot air under the belt for the subsequent passage through the plate slots.
- a variant of the illustrated situation may occur in case air passing through the ash layer is insufficient to obtain a good combustion.
- one may use air under positive pressure coming from an air heater, namely at a temperature adequate for a good combustion. Said air will be conveyed under the belt, where it will be forced to pass through the ash layer in view of a confinement obtained through the belt, the lower trough (that must be arranged as close as possible to the container) and two vertical diaphragms between trough and belt, placed one at the beginning and the other at the end of the postcombustion zone, so as to limit air escape.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT98MI000051A IT1298162B1 (it) | 1998-01-15 | 1998-01-15 | Apparecchiatura e metodo per la postcombustione di ceneri pesanti ad alto contenuto di incombusti |
ITMI980051 | 1998-01-15 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0931981A2 EP0931981A2 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
EP0931981A3 EP0931981A3 (en) | 2000-01-19 |
EP0931981B1 true EP0931981B1 (en) | 2003-12-10 |
Family
ID=11378571
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99200062A Expired - Lifetime EP0931981B1 (en) | 1998-01-15 | 1999-01-12 | Apparatus and method for postcombustion of heavy ash with high contents of unburnt matter |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0931981B1 (it) |
AT (1) | ATE256270T1 (it) |
DE (1) | DE69913395T2 (it) |
DK (1) | DK0931981T3 (it) |
ES (1) | ES2213327T3 (it) |
IT (1) | IT1298162B1 (it) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100180807A1 (en) * | 2007-02-20 | 2010-07-22 | Mario Magaldi | Plant and method for dry extracting/cooling heavy ashes and for controlling the combustion of high unburnt content residues |
DE102010052404A1 (de) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-05-24 | Clyde Bergemann Drycon Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Verbrennung in einem Verbrennungskessel |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19935597C2 (de) * | 1999-08-03 | 2002-03-14 | Steag Encotec Gmbh | Feuerung |
ITMI20020353A1 (it) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-08-21 | Magaldi Ricerche & Brevetti | Estrattore/raffreddatore di materiali sfusi mediante l'utilizzo di unmezzo di nastro trasportatore dotato di piastre forate e provviste di |
ITMI20020744A1 (it) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-09 | Magaldi Ricerche & Brevetti | Trasportatore raffreddore ad aria ed acqua di materiali caldi sfusi |
ITMI20040225A1 (it) * | 2004-02-12 | 2004-05-12 | Magaldi Ricerche & Brevetti S R L | Dispositivo di pre-frantumazione per un trasportatoe raffreddatore di materiali caldi sfusi caldi |
US7559725B2 (en) | 2005-11-14 | 2009-07-14 | General Kinematics Corporation | Conveyor for and method of conveying heated material |
ITMI20061010A1 (it) * | 2006-05-23 | 2007-11-24 | Magaldi Power Spa | Sistema di raffreddamento per estrazione a secco di ceneri pesanti per caldaie durante la fase di accumulo in tramoggia |
CN101506579A (zh) * | 2006-08-22 | 2009-08-12 | 马迦迪动力股份公司 | 用于干式提取锅炉中重灰的冷却系统 |
US20100206203A1 (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2010-08-19 | Mario Magaldi | System for dry extracting/cooling heterogeneous material ashes with control of the air inlet in the combustion chamber |
DE102008052085B4 (de) * | 2008-10-17 | 2020-06-18 | Clyde Bergemann Dryc0N Gmbh | Anlage mit einer Fördereinrichtung für Verbrennungskessel |
IT1396049B1 (it) * | 2009-09-24 | 2012-11-09 | Magaldi Ind Srl | Sistema di estrazione e trasporto di ceneri leggere mediante trasportatore a nastro in acciaio. |
DE102010024020B4 (de) * | 2010-06-16 | 2019-08-01 | Clyde Bergemann Drycon Gmbh | Fördermittel und Verfahren zum Fördern von heißem Material |
DE102010033307A1 (de) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-09 | Clyde Bergemann Drycon Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Nachverbrennen von heißem Material auf einem Förderer |
US8826835B1 (en) | 2011-01-18 | 2014-09-09 | General Kinematics Corporation | Controlling carbon content in conveyed heated material |
IT1405071B1 (it) | 2011-01-21 | 2013-12-16 | Magaldi Power Spa | Impianto e metodo di estrazione e raffreddamento di ceneri con incremento dell'efficienza complessiva di caldaia. |
ITRM20120351A1 (it) | 2012-07-20 | 2014-01-21 | Magaldi Ind Srl | Impianto di trasporto a secco di scorie e/o materiali eterogenei. |
WO2014120756A1 (en) | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-07 | General Kinematics Corporation | Vibratory dryer with mixing apparatus |
CN114704845A (zh) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-07-05 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | 一种高效换热低漏风率的干排渣自动控制系统及方法 |
CN115452646B (zh) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-05-30 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司顾桥煤矿 | 一种煤炭灰分快速检测装置及方法 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1188247B (it) * | 1986-01-10 | 1988-01-07 | Magaldi Mario | Procedimento ed apparecchiatura per l'estrazione continua a secco di ceneri pesanti |
EP0259967B1 (en) | 1986-08-01 | 1994-03-23 | Fujitsu Limited | Directory memory |
US4723494A (en) * | 1987-01-12 | 1988-02-09 | Anclif Equities Inc. | Incinerator discharge systems |
IT1241408B (it) * | 1990-03-02 | 1994-01-14 | Mario Magaldi | Sistema di scarico delle ceneri pesanti da caldaie per la produzione di vapore |
US5216967A (en) * | 1992-03-16 | 1993-06-08 | Sam Mormino | Stand-alone, commercial refuse-burning apparatus |
US5868084A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1999-02-09 | U.S. Scientific, L.L.C. | Apparatus and process for carbon removal from fly ash |
IT1276747B1 (it) * | 1995-06-19 | 1997-11-03 | Magaldi Ricerche & Brevetti | Estrattore/raffreddatore di materiali sfusi |
-
1998
- 1998-01-15 IT IT98MI000051A patent/IT1298162B1/it active IP Right Grant
-
1999
- 1999-01-12 AT AT99200062T patent/ATE256270T1/de active
- 1999-01-12 ES ES99200062T patent/ES2213327T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-12 DE DE69913395T patent/DE69913395T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-12 EP EP99200062A patent/EP0931981B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-12 DK DK99200062T patent/DK0931981T3/da active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100180807A1 (en) * | 2007-02-20 | 2010-07-22 | Mario Magaldi | Plant and method for dry extracting/cooling heavy ashes and for controlling the combustion of high unburnt content residues |
DE102010052404A1 (de) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-05-24 | Clyde Bergemann Drycon Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Verbrennung in einem Verbrennungskessel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT1298162B1 (it) | 1999-12-20 |
DE69913395D1 (de) | 2004-01-22 |
EP0931981A2 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
EP0931981A3 (en) | 2000-01-19 |
ITMI980051A1 (it) | 1999-07-15 |
DK0931981T3 (da) | 2004-04-05 |
ATE256270T1 (de) | 2003-12-15 |
DE69913395T2 (de) | 2004-10-07 |
ES2213327T3 (es) | 2004-08-16 |
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