Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W8/00—Network data management
  • H04W8/26—Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
  • H04W8/28—Number portability ; Network address portability
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04Q—SELECTING
  • H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
  • H04Q3/0016—Arrangements providing connection between exchanges
  • H04Q3/0029—Provisions for intelligent networking
  • H04Q3/005—Personal communication services, e.g. provisions for portability of subscriber numbers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a telecommunications network and, in particular, to the optimized routing of terminating calls towards a mobile station.
• PLMNs Public Land Mobile Networks
• a mobile subscriber may access telecommunications service from multiple locations utilizing multiple service providers with any incurred fees being charged to a single subscription.
• calling parties do not necessarily have to know where the mobile subscriber is physically located in order to establish a call connection.
• VLRs visitor location registers
• HLR home location register
• subscriber information in particular subscriber location information, enabling the network to reroute incoming calls to the appropriate mobile switching center (MSC) serving the roaming mobile subscriber.
• MSC mobile switching center
• the VLR associated with the serving MSC communicates with the HLR assigned to the mobile station to retrieve the requisite subscriber data, including subscriber feature data and billing data, to provide uniform mobile service to the mobile station.
• an incoming call towards the roaming mobile station is first routed to the gateway mobile switching center (GMSC) serving the N.Y. public land mobile network (PLMN) associated with the mobile station.
• GMSC gateway mobile switching center
• PLMN public land mobile network
• the N.Y. GMSC performs an interrogation with the home location register (HLR) associated with the mobile station to determine the current location of the roaming mobile station.
• HLR home location register
• the received incoming call is rerouted by the N.Y. GMSC to the serving L.A.
• a first trunk call connection between the L.A. telecommunications network and the GMSC serving the home PLMN in N.Y. is initially established and then a second trunk call connection between the GMSC back to the L.A. MSC currently serving the mobile station is established.
• a "tromboning" of trunk call connections through N.Y. is performed in order to establish a call connection between two telecommunications subscribers both located in L.A.
• number portability allows a mobile subscriber to port from an existing service area to a new PLMN area or HLR area without changing the mobile subscriber's assigned Mobile Station Integrated Services Digital Network (MSISDN) number or directory number.
• MSISDN Mobile Station Integrated Services Digital Network
• a number portability database storing the network address of the new telecommunications node serving the ported mobile station is used to route incoming calls to the appropriate telecommunications node.
• the present invention discloses a method and system for optimally routing a mobile call to a roaming mobile station within a telecommunications network.
• a home location register (HLR) associated with the roaming mobile station receives a location update signal from a particular mobile switching center (MSC) currently serving the mobile station.
• the HLR determines whether the serving MSC is located within the home public land mobile network (PLMN) associated with the mobile station.
• PLMN home public land mobile network
• the HLR communicates with a number portability database (NP-DB) serving the home PLMN to store data indicating that the mobile station has been ported to the serving MSC.
• the data includes a network address representing the serving MSC.
• an originating telecommunications node serving a calling party terminal may determine the current location of the mobile station and directly route a call connection to the serving MSC rather than through the home PLMN.
• an MSC associated with the home PLMN performs another location update with the HLR. After determining that the new MSC is associated with the home PLMN, the HLR communicates with the NP-DB to remove the previously stored data indicating that the mobile station has been ported.
• FIGURE 1 is a block diagram of a telecommunications network illustrating the network interconnection of multiple Public Land Mobile Network (PLMNs) to a Public Switched Telephone Network (PLMN) ;
• PLMNs Public Land Mobile Network
• PLMN Public Switched Telephone Network
• FIGURE 2 is a block diagram of a telecommunications network illustrating the routing of a terminating call to a ported mobile station
• FIGURE 3 is a block diagram of a telecommunications network illustrating the tromboning of trunk connections to establish a call connection between a calling party terminal and a roaming called party mobile station;
• FIGURE 4 is a block diagram illustrating a home location register (HLR) associated with the roaming mobile station updating a number portability - database (NP-DB) ; and
• FIGURE 5 is a block- diagram of a telecommunications network illustrating an originating telecommunications node optimally routing an outgoing call connection to a roaming mobile station.
• FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the network interconnection of multiple Public Land Mobile Networks
• PLMNs lOa-lOb to a Public Switched Telephone Network
• PSTN public switched telephone network
• a mobile station 30 (also known as a mobile terminal or equipment) is associated with one of the PLMNs 10 as the home PLMN 10a.
• PLMN 10a Within each PLMN 10, e.g., PLMN 10a, there are a number of different mobile switching centers (MSCs, only one shown in FIG. 1 for each PLMN 10) 40 servicing the geographic area covered by the network.
• MSCs mobile switching centers
• a mobile station 30 communicates with a radio base station (not shown) connected to one of the MSCs 40 via over-the- air communications links 50.
• the mobile station 30 served by one PLMN 10a then communicates with other wireline and wireless terminals by means of connections to the PSTN 20.
• the access tandem (AT) 60 within the PSTN 20 routes the mobile calls generated from the one PLMN 10a to a wireline terminal 15 serviced by one of its local exchanges (LEs, only one shown in FIG. 1) 70 within the PSTN 20, or to another PLMN 10b by a way of its gateway mobile switching center (GMSC) 80b.
• Ls local exchanges
• GMSC gateway mobile switching center
• the incoming call is first routed to the GMSC 80a serving the home PLMN 10a.
• the GMSC 80a analyzes the directory number, such as an Mobile Subscriber Integrated
• MSISDN Service Digital Network
• HLR home location register
• the GMSC 80a then sends a signal 100 requesting routing information to the determined home location register (HLR) 90a for that mobile station 30.
• the HLR 90a (which stores subscriber information and keeps track of the current location of the mobile station 30) then requests a roaming number from a mobile switching center (MSC) 40a currently serving the mobile station 30 via a signal 110.
• MSC mobile switching center
• the serving MSC 40a returns a roaming number to the HLR 90a.
• the HLR 90a then returns the roaming number back to the GMSC 80a.
• the returned roaming number represents the MSC 40a currently serving the mobile station 30.
• the GMSC 80a transmits the incoming call to the serving MSC 40a.
• the serving MSC 40a then establishes a speech connection with the mobile station 30 located within its MSC serving area.
• number portability allows a mobile subscriber to relocate or "port" from an existing service area to a new PLMN area or HLR area (as illustrated by an arrow 35) without changing the mobile subscriber's assigned Mobile Station Integrated Services Digital Network (MSISDN) number or directory number.
• MSISDN Mobile Station Integrated Services Digital Network
• Number portability also allows more efficient usage and better management of the network resources. If a PLMN comprises a number of HLRs, and the workload or capacity is unevenly distributed across the network, it would be advantageous to transfer some of the subscription agreements or subscriber information from one of the HLRs with overloaded capacity to another HLR with lesser load without changing the MSISDN numbers assigned to the associated mobile stations. By reallocating some of the subscriber information and evenly distributing the workload, the PLMN is better able to manage its resources and workload.
• the GMSC properly routes an incoming call to the serving MSC 40a because the dialed MSISDN number includes a value indicative of which HLR within the home PLMN 10 is storing the requisite subscriber information. Consequently, the GMSC 80 analyzes the received MSISDN number, determines the appropriate HLR 90, requests routing instructions from the determined HLR 90, and then routes the incoming call to the appropriate MSC. As illustrated by the relocation 35, the mobile station 30 terminates his subscription agreement with the existing PLMN 10a and registers with the new PLMN 10b. However, because the assigned MSISDN number has not been updated in the mobile station to reflect the new PLMN 10b and the HLR 90b, all future incoming calls are still routed to the old PLMN 10a.
• the GMSC within the PLMN 10a is not able to reroute the received incoming calls to the relocated mobile station 30 because the GMSC 80a is not able to determine the correct HLR 90b storing the subscriber information by merely analyzing the received MSISDN number.
• a new centralized database is associated with the serving telecommunications network.
• the centralized database also known as a number portability database (NP-DB) 140, stores a record 145 correlating the MSISDN number assigned to the ported mobile station with the new PLMN 10b, or more particularly the new HLR 90b, serving the ported mobile station 30.
• NP-DB number portability database
• an operator 130 associated with the NP-DB 140 updates the record 145 to reflect the new PLMN 10b to which the mobile station has been ported.
• a telecommunications terminal 15 requests a call connection with the ported mobile station 30 by dialing the MSISDN number assigned to the mobile station 30, and an application module 130 within the originating telecommunications node 70 serving the calling party terminal 15 queries the NP-DB 140 associated with the dialed MSISDN number.
• the originating telecommunications node such as a local exchange (LE) within a PSTN or a mobile switching center
• the HLR 90b currently serving the ported mobile station 30 and originates an outgoing call connection 170 directly towards the new PLMN 10b.
• the network address representing the new PLMN 10b, or more particularly the GMSC 80b, is included in the outgoing call setup signal, such as an Initial Address Message (IAM), as the called party number (CdPn) .
• IAM Initial Address Message
• CdPn called party number
• the originally dialed MSISDN number representing the ported mobile station is further included into one of the parameters within the call setup signal.
• such an optimal parameter may include a Generic Address Parameter (GAP) .
• GAP Generic Address Parameter
• the IAM signal is routed to the GMSC 80b serving the PLMN 10b.
• the PLMN 10b determines which HLR is associated with the ported mobile station 30 by further analyzing the received network address and transmits a signal 100 requesting a routing instruction to the determined HLR 90b.
• the signal 100 further includes the MSISDN number included in the received IAM signal.
• the HLR extracts the included MSISDN number, determines the MSC 40b currently serving the ported mobile station 30, and transmits a signal 110 to the determined MSC 40b for a roaming number. As a result, the roaming number is returned to the HLR and, subsequently, to the GMSC 80b.
• the received incoming call is rerouted by the GMSC 80b to the MSC 40b currently serving the mobile station 30. Accordingly, a rerouted call connection 120 is established between the GMSC 80b and the serving MSC 40b. The serving MSC 40b then pages the mobile station 30 and establishes a speech connection over a radio channel .
• FIG. 3 illustrating the tromboning of trunk connections to establish call connections between a calling party terminal and a roaming called party mobile station.
• the application module 130 within the originating telecommunications node 70 queries the NP-DB 140 to determine the home PLMN 10 associated with the called party mobile station 30 (signal 160) .
• the calling party terminal 15 may be a wireline terminal being served by a wireline local exchange or may be a calling party mobile station being served by a mobile switching center (MSC) .
• MSC mobile switching center
• a network address representing the home PLMN, or more particularly the serving GMSC 80 is returned to the querying telecommunications node 70. If the called party mobile station 30 has been ported, the returned network address represents the new home PLMN 10b. If not, the returned network address represents the original or old home PLMN 10a.
• LATA Local Access Transport Area
• the called party mobile station is associated with a PLMN within a second LATA 310 but currently roaming within the first LATA 300
• inefficient and wasteful call connections are established.
• the mobile station 30 is associated with the N.Y. LATA or PLMN 310, and currently roaming within the L.A. LATA or PLMN 300.
• a first call connection 170 (as illustrated by the solid line) , such as a trunk connection, is established between the L.A. telecommunications node 70 and the N.Y.
• the N.Y. GMSC 80 interrogates the HLR 90 associated with the called party mobile station 30 by transmitting a signal 180 requesting a routing instruction to the determined HLR 90.
• the HLR keeps track of the MSC 40 currently serving the mobile station 30 because whenever the mobile station 30 travels into a new MSC coverage area, the MSC providing mobile service for that particular geographic area performs a location update with the HLR 90 associated with the mobile station.
• the transmitted location update signal informs the HLR 90 of the current location of the traveling mobile station and requests requisite subscriber information from the HLR 90. Accordingly, the HLR 90 determines that the L.A.
• MSC 40 is currently serving the roaming mobile station 30 and, in turn, transmits a signal 190 requesting a roaming number to the serving L.A. MSC 40.
• the L.A. MSC 40 returns a signal 190 including the requested roaming number representing the serving MSC 40 to the HLR 90.
• the HLR 90 then returns the received roaming number to the GMSC 80. Since the received roaming number represents the L.A. MSC 40, a second call connection 220 between the N.Y. GMSC 80 back to the L.A. MSC 40 is established.
• wasteful and inefficient call connections via the N.Y. GMSC 80 are established.
• FIGURE 4 is a block diagram illustrating the home location register (HLR) 90 associated with the roaming mobile station 30 updating a number portability database
• NP-DB 140 in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
• the MSC 40 Whenever the mobile station 40 travels into a new MSC coverage area, the MSC 40 providing mobile service for that particular geographic area performs a location update with the HLR 90 associated with the mobile station 30.
• the mobile station 30 initially transmits an identification number, such as an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) number to the serving MSC 40.
• IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
• the serving MSC 40 transmits a location update signal 250. Since, a series of IMSI numbers are typically assigned to an HLR, by analyzing the specified IMSI number, the connected telecommunications network, such as a Signaling System No.
• the location update signal 250 can route the transmitted location update signal 250 to the HLR 90 associated with the mobile station 30.
• the location update signal 250 also includes a network address representing the serving MSC 40 to inform the HLR 90 of the current location of the mobile station 30 and requests requisite subscriber information from the HLR 90.
• subscriber information includes application feature data, billing data, and the MSISDN number associated with the mobile station 30.
• a return signal 260 with the requisite subscriber information is communicated to the serving MSC 40.
• An application module 240 within the HLR 90 analyzes the received network address to determine whether the newly serving MSC 40 is located outside of the home PLMN. As an illustration, if the mobile station 30 is associated with the N.Y.
• the application module 240 determines that the mobile station 30 is roaming outside of the home PLMN 310 and further determines that it would be more economical and efficient to perform optimized routing of incoming calls to the roaming mobile station 30.
• the application module 240 transmits a connection-less signal 270, such as a Signal Control Connection Part (SCCP) based signal, to the NP-DB 140 serving the home PLMN.
• the transmitted connection-less signal 270 includes the network address representing the L.A. MSC 40 currently serving the mobile station 30.
• the register 145 within the NP-DB 140 is updated with the network address representing the L.A. MSC 40, and indirectly the L.A.
• the mobile station 30 has been ported from the N.Y. PLMN 310 to the L.A. PLMN 300 as if the mobile station 30 terminated its subscription agreement with the N.Y. PLMN 310 and established a new subscription agreement with the L.A. PLMN 300.
• a return signal 280 with a successful return code is transmitted to the HLR 90.
• FIG. 5 illustrating an originating telecommunications node 70 optimally routing an outgoing call connection to the roaming mobile station 40b.
• the NP-DB 140 has been updated with the network address representing the L.A. MSC 40b currently serving the roaming mobile station 30 by the N.Y. HLR 90.
• any telecommunications terminal such as the L.A. calling party terminal 15 associated with the L.A.
• the application module 130 within the originating telecommunications node 70 queries the NP-DB 140 associated with the dialed directory number in a conventional manner (signal 160) .
• the NP-DB 140 returns the network address updated by the HLR 90 and representing the L.A. MSC 40b currently serving the mobile station 30 to the requesting originating telecommunications node 70 (signal 165) .
• a call setup signal such as an IAM signal, is transmitted directly to the serving MSC 40b.
• the directory number associated with the roaming mobile station 30 is further included in one of the parameters within the transmitted call setup signal.
• Such parameters may include a Generic Address Parameter (GA) within the IAM signal. Since the specified network address is a wireline number representing the serving L.A. MSC 40b, the call setup signal is directly routed to the specified MSC 40b instead of to the L.A. GMSC (not shown) associated with the serving L.A. MSC 40b. Accordingly, no HLR interrogation needs to be performed.
• GA Generic Address Parameter
• a call connection 270 is established between the originating telecommunications node 70 and the serving MSC 40b.
• the serving MSC 40b then extracts the included MSISDN number representing the mobile station 30 from the received IAM signal and identifies the appropriate mobile station currently roaming within its coverage area. After the identification, the serving L.A. MSC 40b pages the mobile station 30, and establishes a call connection between the calling party terminal 15 and the roaming mobile station 30. Optimized routing of a call connection between two locally located calling party terminal and called party mobile station is thus established. Whenever the mobile station 30 travels back into the home PLMN, e.g., N.Y.
• the home PLMN e.g., N.Y.
• an MSC 40a associated with the home PLMN transmits another location update signal 250 to the HLR 90 to inform the HLR 90 of the new location of the mobile station 30. Since the IMSI number associated with and transmitted by the mobile station is still associated with the N.Y. PLMN 310, the location update signal is properly routed to the N.Y. HLR 90. The HLR 90, in turn, transmits the necessary subscriber information to the newly serving MSC 40a (signal 270) . The application module 240 within the HLR 90 then determines that the newly serving MSC 40a is located within the home PLMN 310.
• the application module 240 transmits another signal 320 to the NP-DB 140 to remove the previously stored data from the register 145 indicating that the mobile station 30 has been ported and to replace the centralized database with a network address representing the home PLMN 310 or more particularly the ho e GMSC.
• a return signal 330 informing the HLR 90 of the successful updating is further transmitted from the NP-DB 140 to the HLR 90.
• the network address representing the GMSC (not shown in FIG. 5) serving the N.Y.
• PLMN 310 is returned. Accordingly, incoming calls are routed to the GMSC serving the N.Y.
• the centralized database is further updated with the network address representing the newly serving MSC 40a. In a manner similar to as described above, optimized call routing to the newly serving MSC 40a is accordingly performed.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
• Signal Processing (AREA)
• Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
• Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
• Audible And Visible Signals (AREA)

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• 1997
  • 1997-09-15 AU AU43523/97A patent/AU731960B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-09-15 EP EP97941664A patent/EP0925705A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1997-09-15 WO PCT/US1997/016479 patent/WO1998011754A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-09-15 CN CN 97199717 patent/CN1238112A/zh active Pending

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