EP0924040A1 - Vorrichtung zum Messen der Dichte einer Flüssigkeit während des Mischens in einem rotierenden Behälter - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Messen der Dichte einer Flüssigkeit während des Mischens in einem rotierenden Behälter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0924040A1
EP0924040A1 EP97830681A EP97830681A EP0924040A1 EP 0924040 A1 EP0924040 A1 EP 0924040A1 EP 97830681 A EP97830681 A EP 97830681A EP 97830681 A EP97830681 A EP 97830681A EP 0924040 A1 EP0924040 A1 EP 0924040A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
recipient
mixture
dynamometer
deformation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97830681A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ivan Casolari
Gianni Pietro Fondriest
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Esi Elettrosistemi Srl
Original Assignee
Esi Elettrosistemi Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Esi Elettrosistemi Srl filed Critical Esi Elettrosistemi Srl
Priority to EP97830681A priority Critical patent/EP0924040A1/de
Publication of EP0924040A1 publication Critical patent/EP0924040A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
    • B28C7/02—Controlling the operation of the mixing
    • B28C7/022—Controlling the operation of the mixing by measuring the consistency or composition of the mixture, e.g. with supply of a missing component
    • B28C7/024—Controlling the operation of the mixing by measuring the consistency or composition of the mixture, e.g. with supply of a missing component by measuring properties of the mixture, e.g. moisture, electrical resistivity, density
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/42—Apparatus specially adapted for being mounted on vehicles with provision for mixing during transport
    • B28C5/4203—Details; Accessories
    • B28C5/4206—Control apparatus; Drive systems, e.g. coupled to the vehicle drive-system
    • B28C5/422—Controlling or measuring devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/42—Apparatus specially adapted for being mounted on vehicles with provision for mixing during transport
    • B28C5/4203—Details; Accessories
    • B28C5/4231—Proportioning or supplying water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
    • B28C7/02—Controlling the operation of the mixing
    • B28C7/022—Controlling the operation of the mixing by measuring the consistency or composition of the mixture, e.g. with supply of a missing component
    • B28C7/026—Controlling the operation of the mixing by measuring the consistency or composition of the mixture, e.g. with supply of a missing component by measuring data of the driving system, e.g. rotational speed, torque, consumed power

Definitions

  • the invention relates specifically, though not exclusively, to a device for gauging the consistency of concrete while it is being mixed in a mixer. This is often called the "slump" measurement, i.e. the workability of the mixture. In the following, reference will be made to this special type of use of the device, though its ambit of use is considerably more general.
  • the rooting drum of a mixer is filled with the basic ingredients (generally speaking, gravel, sand, crushed aggregate, cement and water), after which the ingredients are stirred by the rotation of the drum up until the correct mixture is obtained.
  • basic ingredients generally speaking, gravel, sand, crushed aggregate, cement and water
  • this preparation is done in two phases: firstly the various ingredients are introduced into the drum with only a small quantity of water, and mixed up until a fairly stiff concrete mixture is obtained. Then controlled quantities of water are added until the mixture is correct.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to obviate the abovementioned drawbacks in the prior art by providing a device for gauging the consistency of a mixture inside a rotating recipient.
  • the device must be constructionally simple and economical, and must also be relatively precise and reliable.
  • One advantage of the invention is that it provides a device which measures the slum consistency and can be mounted rapidly and simply on a typical mixer of types already in use.
  • a further advantage of the invention is to enable an immediate reading of the consistency to be taken and to permit an automatic or semiautomatic correction of the dose of water to be added.
  • the device does not exhibit mechanical connections between moving on-board mixer elements and fixed external elements of the mixer.
  • a further advantage is that the invention guarantees good precision over a high range of mixture consistency values.
  • the device is useful for all types of concrete, i.e. for whatever the desired dosing of the various ingredients.
  • 1 denotes in its totality a device for gauging the consistency of a mixture inside a rotating container, in particular destined for use in combination with a mixer 3 having a rotating drum 4, with an inclined rotation axis, in which a mass of concrete 2 is mixed.
  • Figure 1 shows a mixer truck; the device 1 is, however, applicable to any other type of mixer provided with a rotating recipient
  • the device 1 comprises a sensor element 5, made of a metallic material (for example steel) and destined during use to be fixed to a wall 40 of the rotating recipient 4 of the mixer 3.
  • the sensor 5, once mounted on the recipient 4, exhibits a projecting part 6 which extends internally of the recipient 4 and which, during rotation of the latter, comes into contact with the concrete mixture 2 inside the recipient 4, and is deformed thereby.
  • the senor 5 is mounted on the recipient 4 through a hole made in the wall 40 of said recipient 4. It would also be possible to apply the sensor 5 on the inspection hatch normally present on a rotating recipient of a mixer, with no need to drill holes.
  • the projecting part 6 has the shape of a flat rectangular sheet, though other shapes could be chosen.
  • the projecting part 6, which projects practically radially with respect to the rotation axis of the recipient 4, is solidly connected, indeed is of a single piece, with a circular plate part 12, perpendicular to the projecting part 6, having a first face 13 which faces internalwards of the recipient 4, and a second face 14, opposite to the first, in which two grooves 22 are cut, which are parallel to the projecting part 6 and situated on opposite sides with respect to said projecting part 6.
  • These grooves 22 house dynamometrical means for sensing deformation in the sensor 5 during its interaction with the concrete mix 2, and of generating a signal resulting therefrom.
  • the dynamometrical means are preferably constituted by a plurality of deformeters 17, of known type and here represented schematically.
  • the peripheral edge of the plate part 12 is made in a single piece with a hollow cylindrical part 7 having an axis which is perpendicular to the plate part 12.
  • the cylindrical part 7 passes through an aperture on the wall 40 of the rotating recipient 4 and terminates in a flanged part 23.
  • a flange 24, fixed to the outside of the wall 40 of the rotating recipient 4 is coupled by means of fixing screws 27 to the flanged part 23.
  • the flanged part 23 can be fixed to the flange 24 in a plurality of different positions, reachable by rotating the cylindrical part 7 about its axis. This means that the projecting part 6 of the sensor 5 can be positioned so that it presents its front face 50 (with reference to the direction 21 of rotation of the recipient 4) according to an inclination chosen from a plurality of possible inclinations.
  • FIG 3 schematically shows the device 1 which comprises, mounted solidly with the sensor 5 at the edge of the recipient 4, an amplifier-integrator 19 (of known type) of the signal provided by the dynameter and a transmitter of radio waves 10 (or other radio magnetic waves) connected thereto.
  • Both the amplifier-integrator 19 and the transmitter 10 are situated in the cavity of the cylindrical part 7 of the sensor 5, internally of which a battery 28 for current supply is housed.
  • the cavity is inferiorly closed by a cover 29 which also functions as a transmission antenna of the radio waves.
  • a battery charger of known type and not illustrated, for recharging the battery 28 by exploiting the rotation movement of the recipient 4.
  • the automatic recharging means might be, for example, a spring motor of the sort used in automatic wrist watches, connected through a small dynamo to the battery 28.
  • the device 1 further comprises a measuring unit 9, fixed and external of the mixer 3.
  • the measuring unit 9 comprises: a radio wave receiver 11 for receiving the radio signal (corresponding to the deformation of the sensor) emitted by the transmitter 10; and a display 20 for visualizing a measurement according to the signal received.
  • the external measuring unit is advantageously structured and dimensioned so as to realise a portable and/or pocket-sized remote control unit.
  • the device 1 further comprises means (constituted for example by a gravimetrical switch 16, possibly a mercury type, arranged internally of the cylindrical part 7) for activating the device according to the inclination of the sensor with respect to the vertical, so as to measure the deformation of the sensor only when it is in a lower tract 18 of its rotary course, during the rotation of the mixer recipient 4. This allows the sensor deformation to be measured only when its projecting part 6 is immersed in the mixture of concrete 2 and is in contact therewith.
  • means constituted for example by a gravimetrical switch 16, possibly a mercury type, arranged internally of the cylindrical part 7 for activating the device according to the inclination of the sensor with respect to the vertical, so as to measure the deformation of the sensor only when it is in a lower tract 18 of its rotary course, during the rotation of the mixer recipient 4. This allows the sensor deformation to be measured only when its projecting part 6 is immersed in the mixture of concrete 2 and is in contact therewith.
  • the projecting part 6 of the sensor 5 interacts with the concrete mixture and is accordingly deformed, consequently deforming the plate part 12 bearing the deformeters 17.
  • the broken line shows the deformation the sensor 5 is subjected to in use.
  • the gravimetrical switch 16 activates the device 1 when the sensor 5 enters the lower tract 18 of its circular pathway, i.e. at start point A of figure 2, and deactivates it at stop point B.
  • the dynamometers provide a continuous signal even when the recipient 4 is not completely full.
  • the deformation limit can be modified, simply by repositioning the sensor 5 by means of a rotation of the flanged part 23 on itself. In this way the direction of the impact between the front fact 50 of the sensor 5 and the mass of concrete and thus the relative impact deformation are changed.
  • an automatic or operator radio-controlled motorised sensor rotation system can be provided for this purpose.
  • the deformation signal read off by the deformeter is visualised on the display, where it can be read by an operator who, according to the value indicated by the display, adds one or more ingredients to the concrete mixture in the recipient 4 until the desired consistency is reached.
  • a water-poor mixture is advisable at the start of the process, with water then being added until the value the display shows that a predetermined sample value has been reached, corresponding to the optimal consistency.
  • This sample value which can be predetermined empirically, obviously depends on various parameters, among which are the type of concrete to be obtained and the velocity of the recipient drum during the mixing phase.
  • the gravimetrical switch 16 can measure the mixer drum velocity, simply by timing its own passage between two consecutive apertures of the switch itself through point A.
  • the device can function automatically, using, for example, a computer containing empirically-obtained memorized reference data, which computer receives the deformation signal, processes it according to said memorized data and the rotation velocity of the recipient 4, and consequently commands a known device to introduce dosed quantities of water (or another ingredient) into the mixer recipient 4.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show a sensor 25 provided with a projecting part 26 which is solid to a plate-shaped part 32 and which exhibits, in proximity of the connection zone with said plate-shaped part 32, two parallel grooves 31, situated on opposite sides of the projecting part 26 and destined to house dynamometers able to measure the deformation of the projecting part 26 (for example deformeters).
  • the two sensors shown in figures from 10 to 13 and indicated respectively by 35 and 45 are provided with a projecting part, respectively 36 and 46, slightly arched and thus exhibiting a concave surface, respectively 15 and 30, which is destined to interact with the concrete mixture 2 and which faces forwards with reference to the advancement direction (arrow 21) of the sensor with respect to the concrete mixture 2 during the rotation of the recipient 4.
  • 41 and 42 denote the plate-shaped parts made in a single piece with the projecting parts 36 and 46 and perpendicular thereto, while 37 and 47 respectively denote the grooves which house one or more deformeters.
  • the arched shape of the projecting parts 36 and 46 advantageously enables accurate sensor deformation measurements, giving good concrete consistency references, without its being necessary for the mixture in the mixer to be perfectly mixed. As it is possible to know the concrete consistency before the mixture reaches its optimal mixture degree, concrete mixing time is reduced.
  • a sensor 55 is shown which corresponds to the diagram mapped in figure 3, apart from the substitution of the sensor 5 with sensor 55, which will be described herein below.
  • the sensor 55 exhibits a projecting part 56 which projects internally of the recipient 4 to which it is applied, and which during the recipient rotation, interacts with the mixture being mixed and so is subject to deformation.
  • the projecting part 56 is externally cylinder-shaped and projects in more or less radial direction with respect to the recipient 4 rotation axis.
  • the projecting part 56 is mounted by means of a screw connection 62 on a hollow support 57 made solid to the wall 40 of the recipient 4.
  • the sensor 56 comprises an external mantle 57, which in the illustrating example is cylindrical and made in two parts 58a and 58b.
  • the mantle 58 internally defines a cavity housing an internal nucleus 59, also being a part of the projecting part 56 of the sensor 56.
  • a first part 58b of the mantle 58 which has the shape of an internally hollow cylindrical sleeve, is situated inferiorly to and in contact with an upper flat surface of the support 57.
  • the nucleus 59 is inserted in the cavity of the first part 58b.
  • a second part 58a of the mantle which is located superiorly to the first part 58b, inferiorly exhibits a recess housing the upper part of the nucleus 59.
  • the external mantle 58 and the internal nucleus 59 are made reciprocally solid, for example by means of a screw connection 64 which joins the nucleus 59 to the second, upper part 58a of the mantle.
  • the external mantle 58 and the internal nucleus 59 can thus interact with one another.
  • Dynamometers sensitive to the deformation of the nucleus are associated to the nucleus 59. These dynamometers preferably comprise deformeters.
  • the nucleus 59 is internally provided with a central cavity 60 in part occupied by a relatively slim diaphragm 61, constrained to the nucleus 59 and indeed, in the illustrated example, made in a single piece therewith.
  • the deformeters are preferably applied to the diaphragm 61 and thus specifically measure the deformation of the diaphragm itself.
  • the deformations undergone by the mantle 58 which interacts directly with the mixture during the mixing phase, are transmitted to the nucleus 59 and thus to the diaphragm 61 which is internal and solidly connected to the nucleus 59.
  • the deformeters measure the entity of the deformations and send a signal to the amplifier-integrator housed in the internal cavity of the support 57, after which the signal transmission chain is the same as in the preceding examples.
  • the deformeters can be connected to the amplifier-integrator through connection wires 63 which pass through a hole made coaxially internally of the screw connection 62.
  • the device of the invention can be powered by solar batteries applied to the cover of the cavity itself; which faces externally of the recipient 4. This is shown in figures 14 to 16.
  • dynamometers can be used which measure the deformations undergone by the sensor in at least two predetermined and different directions, which are preferably, though not necessarily, coplanar and reciprocally perpendicular.
  • the measurement of the deformations in at least two directions, rather than in one alone, means that the degree of workability of the mixture can be gauged with considerable precision, whatever the kind of rotating recipient used.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
EP97830681A 1997-12-17 1997-12-17 Vorrichtung zum Messen der Dichte einer Flüssigkeit während des Mischens in einem rotierenden Behälter Withdrawn EP0924040A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97830681A EP0924040A1 (de) 1997-12-17 1997-12-17 Vorrichtung zum Messen der Dichte einer Flüssigkeit während des Mischens in einem rotierenden Behälter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97830681A EP0924040A1 (de) 1997-12-17 1997-12-17 Vorrichtung zum Messen der Dichte einer Flüssigkeit während des Mischens in einem rotierenden Behälter

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EP0924040A1 true EP0924040A1 (de) 1999-06-23

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EP97830681A Withdrawn EP0924040A1 (de) 1997-12-17 1997-12-17 Vorrichtung zum Messen der Dichte einer Flüssigkeit während des Mischens in einem rotierenden Behälter

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090171595A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2009-07-02 Eugenio Bonilla Benegas Automatic System for Monitoring the Mixing of Conglomerates
CN102323207A (zh) * 2011-08-16 2012-01-18 福建南方路面机械有限公司 一种混凝土塌落度在线监测方法及检测装置
EP2296854A4 (de) * 2008-05-28 2012-02-08 Katzeff Berman Dully Messung des betonsetzmasses und steuersystem
CN102713560A (zh) * 2009-10-07 2012-10-03 Ibb流变学有限公司 获取流变学特性值的探测器及方法
WO2014108798A3 (en) * 2013-01-11 2014-10-30 Katzeff-Berman, Dully Concrete mixture measurement sensor, system and method
WO2018041922A1 (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-08 Command Alkon Dutch Tech B.V. Rheological probe
US10520410B2 (en) 2009-10-07 2019-12-31 Command Alkon Incorporated Probe and method for obtaining rheological property value
US11123896B2 (en) 2017-10-03 2021-09-21 Command Alkon Incorporated Method and system for mixing concrete constituents in a drum using a probe mounted thereinside
CN115709523A (zh) * 2021-08-23 2023-02-24 山东精砼工程机械股份有限公司 隔层式干湿分离混凝土搅拌运输装置
EP4682533A3 (de) * 2017-08-22 2026-04-01 Cidra Corporate Services, Inc. Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bereitstellung von echtzeitluftmessanwendungen in nassbeton

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4332158A (en) * 1980-05-09 1982-06-01 Osborne Howard S Slump testing device
US4900154A (en) * 1987-09-24 1990-02-13 Ingrid Hudelmaier Concrete mixer having means for determining the consistency of concrete mixing therein
WO1992015437A1 (en) * 1991-03-04 1992-09-17 Daniel Assh System for control of the condition of mixed concrete
WO1995019221A2 (en) * 1994-01-07 1995-07-20 Stewart & Stevenson Services, Inc. Automatic cementing system for precisely obtaining a desired cement density
US5713663A (en) * 1995-05-15 1998-02-03 Boral Resources (Vic) Pty Limited Method and apparatus for mixing concrete in a concrete mixing device to a specified slump

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4332158A (en) * 1980-05-09 1982-06-01 Osborne Howard S Slump testing device
US4900154A (en) * 1987-09-24 1990-02-13 Ingrid Hudelmaier Concrete mixer having means for determining the consistency of concrete mixing therein
WO1992015437A1 (en) * 1991-03-04 1992-09-17 Daniel Assh System for control of the condition of mixed concrete
WO1995019221A2 (en) * 1994-01-07 1995-07-20 Stewart & Stevenson Services, Inc. Automatic cementing system for precisely obtaining a desired cement density
US5713663A (en) * 1995-05-15 1998-02-03 Boral Resources (Vic) Pty Limited Method and apparatus for mixing concrete in a concrete mixing device to a specified slump

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9833928B2 (en) * 2005-11-28 2017-12-05 Antonio Oz{dot over (a)}miz Tapia Automatic system for monitoring the mixing of conglomerates
US20090171595A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2009-07-02 Eugenio Bonilla Benegas Automatic System for Monitoring the Mixing of Conglomerates
US8858061B2 (en) 2008-05-28 2014-10-14 Dully Katzeff-Berman Concrete slump measurement and control system
EP2296854A4 (de) * 2008-05-28 2012-02-08 Katzeff Berman Dully Messung des betonsetzmasses und steuersystem
EP3076155A1 (de) * 2009-10-07 2016-10-05 I.B.B. Rheologie Inc. Sonde und verfahren zur ermittlung rheologischer merkmalswerte
EP3293506A1 (de) * 2009-10-07 2018-03-14 Command Alkon Dutch Tech B.V. Sonde und verfahren zur ermittlung rheologischer merkmalswerte
US10520410B2 (en) 2009-10-07 2019-12-31 Command Alkon Incorporated Probe and method for obtaining rheological property value
CN102713560B (zh) * 2009-10-07 2015-01-28 Ibb流变学有限公司 获取流变学特性值的探测器及方法
EP2486385A4 (de) * 2009-10-07 2013-12-11 I B B Rheologie Inc Sonde und verfahren zur ermittelung rheologischer merkmalswerte
EP2486385B1 (de) 2009-10-07 2016-05-11 I.B.B. Rheologie Inc. Rotierbare zylindrischer behälter mit einer einheit für rheologischen proben
CN102713560A (zh) * 2009-10-07 2012-10-03 Ibb流变学有限公司 获取流变学特性值的探测器及方法
CN102323207A (zh) * 2011-08-16 2012-01-18 福建南方路面机械有限公司 一种混凝土塌落度在线监测方法及检测装置
EP2977163A1 (de) 2013-01-11 2016-01-27 Katzeff-Berman, Dully Betonmischungsmesssensor, -system und -verfahren
US10041928B2 (en) 2013-01-11 2018-08-07 Gcp Applied Technologies Inc. Concrete mixture measurement sensor, system and method
WO2014108798A3 (en) * 2013-01-11 2014-10-30 Katzeff-Berman, Dully Concrete mixture measurement sensor, system and method
WO2018041922A1 (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-08 Command Alkon Dutch Tech B.V. Rheological probe
US11041794B2 (en) 2016-08-31 2021-06-22 Command Alkon Incorporated Rheological probe
EP4682533A3 (de) * 2017-08-22 2026-04-01 Cidra Corporate Services, Inc. Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bereitstellung von echtzeitluftmessanwendungen in nassbeton
US11123896B2 (en) 2017-10-03 2021-09-21 Command Alkon Incorporated Method and system for mixing concrete constituents in a drum using a probe mounted thereinside
CN115709523A (zh) * 2021-08-23 2023-02-24 山东精砼工程机械股份有限公司 隔层式干湿分离混凝土搅拌运输装置

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