EP0919636A1 - Free-cutting steel with improved machinability - Google Patents
Free-cutting steel with improved machinability Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0919636A1 EP0919636A1 EP98203028A EP98203028A EP0919636A1 EP 0919636 A1 EP0919636 A1 EP 0919636A1 EP 98203028 A EP98203028 A EP 98203028A EP 98203028 A EP98203028 A EP 98203028A EP 0919636 A1 EP0919636 A1 EP 0919636A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- sulphides
- bismuth
- value
- machinability
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
Abstract
An addition of from 0.05% to 0.30% in weight (limiting values included) of bismuth, as an element and/or an alloy and/or as a mixture with one or more elements insoluble in liquid steel or having spheroidizing effects on sulphides, to a free-cutting steel containing spheroidal sulphides with well-defined characteristics, as described above, improves machinability substantially with respect to the present state of the art. In quantitative terms this improvement in machinability increases cutting tool life up to 30% for the same cutting parameters and conditions.
Description
Pb | Te | |
limit of concentration | 40 µg/m 3 | 100 µg/m 3 |
The so-called "shape factor" of the sulphide inclusions hereinafter denoted by "f" is given by the following formula:
It was found that that it is possible to appreciably improve the value of the machinability index if the value of the mean spheroidisation index of the sulphides is equal to or less than 5.3 and if the mean statistical shape factor "f" is less than 2.2, and if the length of the sulphides is between 0.015 millimetre and 0.20 millimetre.
Test steel/test parameters and data collected | Cutting speed (m/minutes) Tool flank wear (mm) | Test duration (minutes) |
ζ/w = 4.7 | 180 - 0.94 (m/min - mm) | 20 |
f = 2.2 | ||
spheroidal sulphides | ||
ζ/w = 3.4 | 180 - 0.66 (m/min - mm) | 20 |
f = 1.8 | ||
spheroidal sulphides and bismuth |
Claims (4)
- A non-alloy free-cutting steel containing from 0.10% to 0.40% (limiting values included) of sulphur to which bismuth is added, as an element and/or as an alloy and/or as a mixture with one or more elements insoluble in liquid steel or having spheroidizing effects on sulphides, such that the steel contains from 0.05% to 0.30% (limiting values included) of metallic bismuth. This steel is characterised by the fact that, to give it a particularly high and reliable degree of machinability compared to the present state of the art, its value of the mean statistical spheroidisation index, defined as the length of the sulphide inclusions divided by their thickness, is equal to or less than 5.3 in absolute terms, and by the fact that the mean statistical shape factor, defined as the total perimeter of the sulphide inclusions divided by the product of 4 times π and the area A of the sulphide inclusions, is equal to or less than 2.2 in absolute terms.
- A steel of claim 1 characterised by the fact that the above value of the mean statistical spheroidisation index and the above value of the mean statistical shape factor are determined on a number of samples which is statistically significant, It is to be understood that by the term "mean statistical value" used above and hereinafter is meant the determination of the value on a number of samples which is statistically significant, that is on at least 1 sample per 10 tonnes of steel produced with a minimum number of 3 samples.
The mean statistical value of the spheroidisation index and the shape factor are determined metallographically as follows. Each of the above samples is divided along its longitudinal axis. On one of the sections obtained in this manner, 10 fields, equidistant between the sample axis and one of the longitudinal edges, are selected for examination at a magnification of x200 with an image processor which permits the sulphide morphology to be expressed in quantitative terms. - A steel of claim 1, characterised by the fact that the length of the sulphide inclusions is in the range from 0.015 millimetre to 0.20 millimetre (limiting values included).
- A steel of claim 1 characterised by the fact that bismuth is added as an element and/or as an alloy and/or as a mixture with one or more elements insoluble in liquid steel or having a spheroidizing effects on sulphides, to the liquid-steel ladle or to the tundish or mould of a continuous casting machine.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITMI972661 IT1296821B1 (en) | 1997-12-01 | 1997-12-01 | AUTOMATIC CARBON STEEL WITH IMPROVED WORKABILITY |
ITMI972661 | 1997-12-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0919636A1 true EP0919636A1 (en) | 1999-06-02 |
Family
ID=11378295
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98203028A Withdrawn EP0919636A1 (en) | 1997-12-01 | 1998-09-10 | Free-cutting steel with improved machinability |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0919636A1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1296821B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1188846A1 (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Machine structure steel superior in chip disposability and mechanical properties |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2378548A (en) * | 1944-01-11 | 1945-06-19 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Ferrous alloys containing bismuth |
GB2008154A (en) * | 1977-09-15 | 1979-05-31 | British Steel Corp | Machinable steel |
DE2951812A1 (en) * | 1978-12-25 | 1980-07-10 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | AUTOMATIC STEEL |
US4247326A (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-01-27 | Inland Steel Company | Free machining steel with bismuth |
US4255188A (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-03-10 | Inland Steel Company | Free machining steel with bismuth and manganese sulfide |
EP0027510A1 (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-04-29 | Inland Steel Company | Bismuth containing steel |
EP0212856A2 (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1987-03-04 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Continuous-cast low-carbon resulfurized free-cutting steel |
US4806304A (en) * | 1983-05-09 | 1989-02-21 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Free cutting steel |
-
1997
- 1997-12-01 IT ITMI972661 patent/IT1296821B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1998
- 1998-09-10 EP EP98203028A patent/EP0919636A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2378548A (en) * | 1944-01-11 | 1945-06-19 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Ferrous alloys containing bismuth |
GB2008154A (en) * | 1977-09-15 | 1979-05-31 | British Steel Corp | Machinable steel |
DE2951812A1 (en) * | 1978-12-25 | 1980-07-10 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | AUTOMATIC STEEL |
US4247326A (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-01-27 | Inland Steel Company | Free machining steel with bismuth |
US4255188A (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-03-10 | Inland Steel Company | Free machining steel with bismuth and manganese sulfide |
EP0027165A1 (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-04-22 | Inland Steel Company | Free machining steel with bismuth |
EP0027510A1 (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-04-29 | Inland Steel Company | Bismuth containing steel |
US4806304A (en) * | 1983-05-09 | 1989-02-21 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Free cutting steel |
EP0212856A2 (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1987-03-04 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Continuous-cast low-carbon resulfurized free-cutting steel |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1188846A1 (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Machine structure steel superior in chip disposability and mechanical properties |
US6596227B2 (en) | 2000-08-30 | 2003-07-22 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | Machine structure steel superior in chip disposability and mechanical properties and its method of making |
KR100420304B1 (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2004-03-04 | 가부시키가이샤 고베 세이코쇼 | Machine structure steel superior in chip disposability and mechanical properties |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT1296821B1 (en) | 1999-08-02 |
ITMI972661A1 (en) | 1999-06-01 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19991101 |
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AKX | Designation fees paid |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20001024 |
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RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: LUCCHINI S.P.A. |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20040401 |