EP0915220A2 - Electronic-mechanical locking system - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a key with a first memory element (4) and electronics with which a coupling element can be operated to enable operation of the lock if a valid key is inserted. A validated second memory device (5), into which data for the key to be validated are loaded, is used to program the lock for key validation.

Description

The invention relates to an electronic mechanical Locking system according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2 specified characteristics.

Known electronic locking devices either work with Code numbers which have to be entered via special input units are, or with "keys" that are unwieldy when trained as cards or are not copy-proof. A change in the castle or other mechanical or electromechanical locking devices the known electronic systems, such as changing permissions requires considerable effort. Furthermore, systems that additionally log the Key, time and date enable, time-consuming and require additional hardware. In the event of a power failure, it is usually only for one emergency power supply ensured for a limited period. Further be referred to purely mechanical locking systems, which is right represent complex systems and a considerable effort Require calculation and manufacturing. There is also a lot of effort if the key is lost, since all locking cylinders are changed have to.

Proceeding from this, the invention is based on the object electronic-mechanical locking system of the type mentioned to further develop that in addition to easy handling of the closing process also high security and easy change of Authorization is realized. The locking device is said to be compact and also have a break-proof construction. The the entire locking device should fit in one door fitting and operation should only be possible via an interface. In addition, the logging of the "key", including time and date. After all, even if there is a power failure opening at any time without the underlying Lose security concept.

This object is achieved in accordance with the claims 1 and 2 specified features.

The proposed electronic mechanical locking system draws is characterized by a simple and reliable construction and enables the specification and modification of the Access authorization. A "storage element" is included as the "key" an encodable data record that cannot be changed. This Data record is useful in the manufacturing process of Memory element entered in this, in particular by consecutive numbering of the serial number of the manufactured Storage elements. It is for the respective storage element Data record unique worldwide, especially as a serial number firmly in the first storage element, which makes an almost 100% copy security is guaranteed. Be the first Memory elements arrive in particular ROM chips from the company Dallas used. In addition, it is of particular importance that the first storage elements or ROM chips are designed in two-wire technology, so only two wires or lines to make the electrical connection with other components. The actuation of the Locking device is done by simply contacting the authorized key or first storage element or ROM chip. A processor is provided in the door fitting with which the data record of the first storage element can be read and with is comparable to the content of a memory. In the expedient in the processor-integrated memory are the data records of the authorized users further elements entered. If they match of the read data record with one entered in the memory the opening of the lock is appropriately electromechanically enables. To change the memory content of the processor memory a second storage element is used according to the invention, which in turn is an immutable record, in particular a unique serial number. This second storage element is especially designed as a RAM chip from Dallas. It is essential that this second, unchangeable data record is in the manufacture of the processor, in particular its source code is entered and cannot be changed. This ensures that only a single second storage element access to the respective processor receives. The second storage element or RAM chip contains in addition to the unchangeable data record or its serial number still a freely writable and readable memory area, which has a suitable, appropriately coordinated PC software can be described and read. This PC software enables the entry of a specified number of data records the first storage elements or keys, for example up to 320 Keys in the memory allocated to the processor. Furthermore, an assignment of any number of keys using the program made to any number of locks or their processor memory and managed. The second memory element described in this way then becomes like a key with the processor approved only for it contacted and the key data is stored in the processor assigned memory. The second storage element serves according to the invention as a data transport medium and thus makes a change of authorization at the lock on site is very easy. Without the second memory element assigned to the processor in a defined manner is, however, a data exchange and in particular a change of the memory content of the processor is not possible, so that unauthorized Manipulations are excluded. On the other hand, one Change the memory content and ultimately the access authorizations at the lock or door fitting on site without further ado by means of the authorized second storage element without any problems feasible.

In an expedient embodiment, there is another one in the door fitting Memory provided, which is used primarily for logging Locking operations is used. So when contacting the Locking device with a key and / or when opening the Data record of the first storage element or of the one used Key are stored in the further memory. At the same time, the data content of a radio clock is preferred, especially a DCF 77 radio clock, read out and together with said data record stored in the further memory. To the Reading out such protocol data becomes the respective processor assigned second memory element or RAM chip, in particular by means of the PC program mentioned, for reading out prepared. The second storage element prepared in this way becomes again only contacted with the fitting or the processor, to be able to evaluate the read data in the PC.

In an expedient development, there is also an emergency charger provided that the operation of the Locking device and thus opening a door or the like enables. For this purpose, an auxiliary power source is in the door fitting, integrated in particular in the form of a capacitor. This auxiliary power source is loaded via the same contact point that is used for the first or second storage elements are provided. By A special charging electronics ensures that the rest of the Electronics arranged door fitting, in particular the processor is uncoupled. After the loading process can be assigned with the Key or ROM chip in particular once Opening process. The loading and subsequent opening can can be repeated at any time.

Special developments and refinements of the invention are specified in claims 3 to 23.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung der in einen Beschlag integrierten Schließeinrichtung,

Fig. 2

einen Schnitt durch das elektronisch-mechanische Schließsystem in explosionsartiger Darstellung,

Fig. 3

eine schaubildliche Ansicht des Systems in explosionsartiger Darstellung,

Fig. 4, 5

Ausführungsbeispiele einer Kontaktiereinheit,

Fig. 6

ein Blockschaltbild der Schließeinrichtung,

Fig. 7

schematisch ein Notladegerät,

Fig. 8, 9

Ausführungsbeipiele eines ROM-Chip-Schlüssels,

Fig. 10

einen Teilschnitt durch das elektronisch-mechanische Schließsystem gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform,

Fig.11 - 13

Schnittdarstellungen A-A, B-B und C-C in Fig. 10,

Fig. 14

eine Ansicht eines Kastenzusatzschlosses und

Fig. 15

eine weitere Ausführung für das mechanische Kupplungssystem, schaubildlich und explosionsartig dargestellt.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of special exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

1 shows a schematic illustration of the locking device integrated in a fitting,

Fig. 2

a section through the electronic-mechanical locking system in an exploded view,

Fig. 3

a perspective view of the system in an exploded view,

4, 5

Embodiments of a contact unit,

Fig. 6

a block diagram of the locking device,

Fig. 7

schematically an emergency charger,

8, 9

Examples of execution of a ROM chip key,

Fig. 10

1 shows a partial section through the electronic-mechanical locking system according to a further embodiment,

Fig. 11-13

Sectional representations AA, BB and CC in Fig. 10,

Fig. 14

a view of an additional box lock and

Fig. 15

another version for the mechanical coupling system, shown graphically and explosively.

1 shows schematically the locking device arranged on the fitting 1, which on a circuit board 2 a processor 3 for Reading out a first memory element 4 and a second memory element 5 contains. The first storage element 4 is in particular designed as a ROM chip and the second memory element 5 as a RAM chip. The reading or the electrical connection of the two Storage elements 4, 5 take place via a contact point 6, which via a line 7 serving as a data bus is connected to the printed circuit board 2 is. The circuit board 2 also contains another memory 8, a clock 9, which is preferably designed as a DCF 77 radio clock, as well as an emergency charging electronics 10. The further, with the processor 3 connected memory 8 is for capturing locking messages, such as Key dates, time and date are provided. To feed the whole Electronics contains the fitting 1 a battery 11. A Auxiliary power source 12, preferably a capacitor, is for recording of the electrical energy provided for an emergency opening. With the Printed circuit board 2 or electronics is connected via a further line 13 Coupling element 14 connected, which in particular as a Magnetic coupling is formed. The coupling element 14 is one Change pin 15 assigned, which on the one hand with a rotary knob 38 and the like and on the other hand via an actuating pin 40 connected to a closing element, in particular a locking lug 44 is. If the first memory element by means of the processor and thus an authorized key has been recognized, it will Coupling element 14 for a predetermined time of a few seconds activated to enable actuation of the lock.

With regard to the mechanical structure of the locking system, the Fitting an outer plate 1, which with individual chambers for Recording the processor 3, the capacitor 12 or the batteries 11 is provided. In addition, the arrangement of a contact pin 16 in connection with an insulation sleeve 17 and the attachment shown by the mother 21.

The electrical coupling element 14 points to the outer plate 1 a change pin 15 which engages the knob 38, wherein storage in an insert 39 takes place in one bearing 41 formed there, this insert in one Bore of the outer plate 1 is inserted. This insert 39 is towards the rotary knob 38 with a shoulder 48 as pull protection provided and is supported on a projection 50 of the outer shield 1 from. This projection 50 is by means of the rotary knob 38 a material overhang 42 covered.

On the opposite side of the coupling element 14 is a Operating pin 40 arranged in a locking lug 44 with a Square inner cutout intervenes. This locking lug 44 is actuated Lock, for example a self-locking mortise lock 37, but where all locks can be used, the lock cylinder are operable. A connecting bar is used to support the locking lug 45, the one provided for such mortise locks Fastening screw 51, with the usually locking cylinder be attached, is supported. There are bearing bolts 52 on both sides available, on which bearing blocks 46 are non-rotatably attached, between which, in turn, washers 53 are provided, which the Store nose 44.

The system is covered inside by means of an inner plate 38 and Can be operated from the inside with the aid of a push button 43 with a change pin 49. The outer plate 1 is inside with a cover plate 47th covered. This configuration of the outer shield 1 can System pre-assembled, which makes assembly easier. After the actuating pin 40 rotates, it is expedient to the electrical connection 54 via slip rings accomplish. Both the outer plate 1 and the contact pin 16 are made of hardened steel.

Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the contacting unit, the Contact pin 16 is arranged in the fitting 1 by means of an insulation sleeve 17 is. The contact pin 16 is resilient by means of a spring 18 stored and connected to the data bus 7. The two mentioned Memory elements are implemented in two-wire technology and the ground or negative pole of the electronics is as by means of dashed lines 19 indicated, connected to the metal fitting 1. By means of the insulating washer 20 and the insulating sleeve 17 is the Contact pin 16 arranged in isolation, on which when contacting and reading the positive pole of the storage elements mentioned to the system brought.

Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of the contacting unit, the Contact pin 16 on the outside of the fitting 11 a dome-shaped Head. On the inside of the fitting it is more solid Bolt-formed contact pin 16 screwed to a nut 21 and the electrical insulation takes place by means of the insulation sleeve 17 of the contact pin 16 connected to the data bus 7 with respect to the metallic fitting 1.

Fig. 6 shows the block diagram of the locking device with the processor 3, the data bus 7 and the contacting unit 6 for the first Memory element 4 or ROM chip of the key. The emergency charging electronics 10, the battery 11 and also the clock 9 are with the processor 3 electrically connected in a held manner. The capacitor 12 is assigned to the emergency charging electronics 10 to be sufficient if required To provide energy for the electronics.

7 schematically shows the emergency charger with contact pins 22, 23, which with the contact pin of the fitting or the fitting itself are electrically connectable. The housing 24 contains a read button 25, a battery control lamp 26 and a charge control lamp 27. The required charging electronics and battery are in the housing built-in.

Fig. 8 shows, partly in section, a key with a housing 28, which formed the ground connection of the second as a ROM chip Storage element 5 and also a contact element 29 for Has contact with the door fitting 1. Furthermore, the second is Storage element 5 via a contact spring 30 with a contact pin 31 electrically connected, which with the contact pin of the explained Contact unit corresponds and can be brought to the system is. The contact pin 31 of the key is by means of an insulating sleeve 32 and an insulating washer 33 with respect to the key housing 28 electrically isolated.

A contact element (not shown further here) is correspondingly formed which the second storage element or RAM chip is assigned. The connections are made via the contact element with the explained PC software and the takeover of the key data entered in the RAM chip into the processor memory.

Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment of the key with a Handle 34, which can be made of plastic, and with the in a housing 35, preferably made of metal ROM chip 5. The housing 35 is connected to the negative pole while a central part 36 isolated therefrom is connected to the positive pole, in particular about the contacting via the explained contacting unit easy way to enable.

In the further embodiment according to FIGS. 10 to 13 the storage of an actuator, in the illustration Knob 38 on an insert 39, which is inserted into the fitting 1 is. The knob 38 is with the help of a locking ring 55 held on insert 39. In the knob 38 is a Change pin 15 is used non-rotatably, which in a correspondingly trained Recess 70 is displaceable. In the axial direction of the Change pin 15 coaxially closes an actuating pin 40 for the lock to be operated.

Serves to couple the change pin 15 with the actuating pin 40 an electromagnet located within the bearing 41 of the insert 39 is arranged. For this purpose, a coil body is in a magnet housing 59 60 used, the magnet housing 59 with its stop ring 56 is held within the insert 39. On the bolt part 67 of the change pin 15 is inserted transversely with the help of a Pin 61 (FIG. 11) an anchor 57 with its socket part 66 attached. The armature 57 is activated by exciting the magnet in the direction of the arrow 71 moves. The anchor 57 is moved into the starting position a spring 58 pressed in the opposite direction. Of the electrical connection 54 of the electromagnet is inside the bearing 41 led out down in the insert 39.

The change pin 15 is with its bolt part 67 with the actuating pin 40 axially displaceable in its axial bore 69, however not secured against rotation, coupled with the aid of a dowel pin 62, the arranged in a recess 68 in the axial bore 69 of the pin 40 (Fig. 13). A constriction 65 is assigned to the bolt part 67, being in the disengaged position as shown 10, the dowel pin 62 rests on the shoulder of the bolt part 67.

The end of the socket part 66 of the armature 57 is designed as a claw 63, via a correspondingly designed end part as a locking element 64 of the actuating pin 40 can be pushed (FIG. 12), so that there is a positive connection. In the coupled Position is thus the bolt part 67 in the axial bore 69 inserted further, the dowel pin 62 also within the Constriction 65 is shifted.

The face of the claw 63 and the corresponding faces of the locking element 64 are in relation to the horizontal shifted an angle α, so that starting from the zero position when the magnet is excited, turn the change pin 15 after engages by the angle α on the actuating pin 40 and the two Parts are thus coupled.

The locking system described is for all electro-mechanical Locks, such as safe locks, mortise locks, box locks, Multi-point locking locks, access control locks and. the like usable, d. H. Locks that can be operated via a mechanical shaft are. This results in a safe engagement and over the claw a larger torque can be transmitted. This results in but again a lower power consumption and thus a smaller capacitor for emergency power operation.

After the connector 54 of the electrical cables together with twisted the actuating pin 40, the risk of a cable break or other damage avoided.

FIG. 14 shows an additional box lock, for example as in DE 3816341 C 2 is described. This lock can be beneficial can be combined with the electronic-mechanical locking system, with electrical components in the housing 85 of the lock can be accommodated, for example the printed circuit board 2 and the batteries 11. The box lock has a bolt 84, which is connected to a rack 87, in which rack 87 engages an actuating gear 88 with a drive gear 86 combs. Serves to drive this drive gear 86 the actuating pin 40 which in a corresponding square recess this gear 86 engages.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 15 it is used to connect to a locking mechanism for actuating a locking lug for locks Actuating element or actuating pin 40, which is mechanically coupled is with an actuator 38 on which a knob or the like is attached to operate this actuator 38.

The actuating element has a thickened cylindrical part 80 to which a change pin 15 connects, with a distance for the cylindrical part 80, a polygonal section, for example a square section 76 connects. In the front part of the Interchangeable pin 15 is provided with a constriction 77.

The actuating part 38 has a cylindrical shaft 72 to which towards the actuating element 40, a disk-shaped enlarged one Receiving part 73 connects. The shaft 72 has a blind hole 79 provided, in which the change pin 15 is inserted. The recording part 73 has an approximately oval-shaped, axially extending Recess 81 on.

For coupling the actuating part 38 to the actuating element 40 serves a disc-shaped coupling part 74, which is on the change pin 15 is displaceable and in the middle a polygonal recess 78 has. The height of this coupling part 74 is lower than the height of the recess 81, so that this part 74 within the Recess 81 has a displacement path. The polygonal recess 78 corresponds to the polygonal section 76 of the change pin 15. An electromagnet is used to move the coupling part 74 60, the coil with electrical connection 54 in one Magnet housing or a coil holder 59 is arranged. The Coil bracket 59 is on the fitting or an insert of the Fitting attached. It sits in the area of a section 82 of the Change pin 15. Between the coil 60 and the coupling part 74 there is a spring 75. Furthermore, the actuating part 38 and the actuator 40 axially through a lock pin 83 in the actuating part 38 and a constriction 77 on the front part of the Change pin 15 held.

To engage the electromagnet 60 is excited, which Coupling part 74 against the spring 75 and the polygonal section 76 of the change pin 15 is moved, but from the recess 81 of the receiving part 73 does not disengage. It comes with its polygonal recess 78 over the polygonal section 76 of the change pin 15 pushed and thus causes the clutch. As soon as the electromagnet 60 is switched off, the coupling part 74 by the spring 75 against the actuating part 38 within the Recess 81 shifted and thereby reaches the polygonal section 76 of the change pin 15 out of engagement.

This embodiment has the particular advantage that the risk damage to the electrical connection on the coupling element avoided and the design effort simplified becomes.

Reference numerals

1

fitting

2nd

Circuit board

3rd

processor

4th

first memory element / ROM chip

5

second memory element / RAM chip

6

Contact unit / contact point

7

Data bus / line

8th

more storage

9

Clock

10th

Emergency charging electronics

11

battery

12th

Capacitor / auxiliary power source

13

further management

14

Coupling element / magnetic coupling

15

Change pin

16

Contact pin

17th

Insulation sleeve

18th

feather

19th

dashed line / mass

20th

Insulating washer

21

mother

22, 23

Contact pin

24th

casing

25th

Release button

26

Battery indicator light

27

Charge lamp

28

casing

29

Contact element

30th

feather

31

Contact pin

32

Insulating sleeve

33

Insulating washer

34

Handle

35

casing

36

central part

37

Mortise lock

38

Knob, actuator, actuator

39

Insert

40

Actuating pin, actuating element

41

camp

42

Excess material

43

Pusher

44

nose

45

Connecting bridge

46

Bearing blocks

47

Cover plate

48

Heel / pull protection

49

Change pin for pusher

50

head Start

51

Fastening screw

52

Bearing bolt

53

Washers

54

electrical connection

55

Circlip

56

Stop ring

57

anchor

58

feather

59

Magnet housing (coil holder)

60

Bobbin (coil)

61

pen

62

Spring pin

63

claw

64

Locking element

65

Constriction

66

Socket part

67

Bolt part

68

deepening

69

axial bore

70

Recess

71

Arrow direction

72

Shaft for attaching the pommel

73

Receiving part for the coupling part

74

disc-shaped coupling part

75

feather

76

Polygonal section

77

Constriction

78

Polygonal recess

79

Blind hole

80

cylindrical part of the actuating pin 40

81

Recess

82

section

83

Locking pin

84

bars

85

casing

86

Drive gear

87

Rack

88

Actuating gear

Claims (23)

Electronic-mechanical locking system for locking cylinders without locking mechanism for actuating a locking lug for locks with its own locking system, including one Key with a first storage element and electronics, by means of which a coupling element can be actuated, to use a key recognized as authorized To enable actuation of a lock, characterized in that that for programming the lock with regard to the key authorization is an authorized second storage element (5) is provided, in which the data of the person to be authorized Keys can be entered. Electronic-mechanical locking system for locking cylinders without locking mechanism for actuating a locking lug for locks with its own locking system, including one Key with a first storage element and electronics, by means of which a coupling element can be actuated, to use a key recognized as authorized To enable actuation of a lock, characterized in that that as a locking cylinder on the mortise lock (37) mounted locking lug (44) is provided, in which an actuating pin (40) engages positively, via the coupling element (14) with one arranged on the outside of the fitting (1) Knob (38) can be coupled. Locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that for programming the lock with regard to the key authorization an authorized second storage element (5) is provided which is an unchangeable data record contains that the electronics a processor (3) and an associated Contains memory in which the authorized second storage element (5) the data records from authorizing keys that can be entered are the authorization of the second memory element (5) with respect to the processor (3) by entering the unchangeable data record of the second Memory element (5) is made in the processor (3) and that for programming in the second memory element (5) the unchangeable data records of the keys to be authorized can be entered and by means of this in the memory mentioned the electronics are transferable. Locking system according to claim 2, characterized in that on the mortise lock (37) using a locking cylinder fastening screw (51) a connecting web (45) with bearing bolts (52) is attached, on which bearing blocks (46) are arranged which the locking nose (44) is mounted. Locking system according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that that the fitting (1) or the outer plate chambers for the processor (3), the capacitor (12), the batteries (11) and the like. Locking system according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that that the coupling element (14) on the outer plate (1) is stored. Locking system according to claim 2, characterized in that the coupling element between an actuating element (38) with change pin (15) and an actuating pin (40) is arranged and one connected to the change pin (15) Has anchor (57), the change pin (15) on the Actuating element (38) secured against rotation and displaceable is arranged that the change pin (15) by moving the Armature (57) by means of an electromagnet (59, 60) with the Actuating pin (40) can be coupled. Locking system according to claim 7, characterized in that which has a magnet housing (59) and a coil former (60) Electromagnet in an insert (39) of the fitting (1) is arranged, the armature (57) by means of a Spring (58) is supported on the electromagnet (59, 60). Locking system according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that that the end of the socket part (66) of the armature (57) one Claw (63) having an adapted locking element (64) of the Actuating pin (40) engages. Locking system according to claims 7 to 9, characterized in that that the change pin (15) and the actuating pin (40) by means of one transversely in a constriction (65) of the change pin (15) arranged dowel pin (62) are interconnected. Locking system according to claims 7 to 10, characterized in that that the claw (63) and the locking element (64) in the locking position have an angle of rotation to the horizontal. Locking system according to claim 2, characterized in that the coupling element between an actuator with Change pin and an actuator is arranged and that Actuating element (40) in the area of the change pin (15) has a polygonal section (76) that the change pin (15) in the actuating part (38), axially secured, rotatable is arranged that behind the polygonal section (76) Electromagnet (60) is provided on a on the change pin (15) sliding disc-shaped coupling part (74) acts, the coupling part (74) having a shape of Polygonal section (76) has adapted recess (78) and the coupling part (74) in a correspondingly shaped Receiving part (73) is axially displaceable. Locking system according to claim 12, characterized in that the electromagnet (60) is arranged in a coil housing (59) is. Locking system according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that that the coupling part (74) on a spring (75) against the Electromagnet (60) is supported. Locking system according to claims 12 to 14, characterized in that that the change pin (15) in an axial blind hole (79) of the actuating part (38) by means of a transverse, in a constriction (77) engaging the change pin (15) Locking pin (83) is held. Locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first memory element (4) as a ROM chip and the second Memory element (5) is designed as a RAM chip and that Storage elements (4, 5) immutable data records, in particular consecutive, unique serial numbers included. Locking system according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized characterized in that the electronics and / or the memory elements (4, 5) and a processor (3) in two-wire technology are trained. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized characterized in that the authorization of the second storage element (5) regarding the processor (3) by entering the unchangeable record in the processor (3), in particular in its source code. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized characterized in that a memory is allocated to the processor (3) in which by means of the authorized second storage element (5) the records of keys to be authorized can be entered. Locking system according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized characterized in that it is arranged in a fitting (1) and a contact unit (6) for the first storage element (4) a key or the second storage element (5) Has entered or changed the keys to be authorized, the electrical via a line (7) or data bus Connection at least with the processor (3) can be made is. Locking system according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized characterized in that a further memory (8) for locking messages are provided, in particular the data record of a key used, time and date included. Locking system according to claim 21, characterized in that a clock (9) is provided for recording the time and date, which is designed in particular as a DCF 77 radio clock. Locking system according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized characterized in that an emergency charging device with an auxiliary power source (12), preferably a capacitor and / or that the emergency charging device via the line (7) and the contacting unit (6) by means of an emergency charger is rechargeable.

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