EP0914742A1

EP0914742A1 - Decentralized subscriber access system

Info

Publication number: EP0914742A1
Application number: EP97941896A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rüdiger KLEIN
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: KLEIN, PATRICK
Priority date: 1996-07-26
Filing date: 1997-07-25
Publication date: 1999-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2017-07-25
Also published as: AU4377897A; EP0914742B1; ATE265786T1; WO1998005163A1

Abstract

The invention concerns a decentralized subscriber access system (1) for broad band networks, with a subscriber access device (3) and an output device (2) wherein the subscriber access device (3) has a power unit for producing a supply of d.c. voltage for an authorisation recognition device to recognise a user authorisation to receive a random bit sequence and to relay a system-dependent or operator specific identifying code or identifying function, read from an access card or a value chip, to an identifying generator to produce a specific identification signal. The transmitted and the generated identification signal can be switched via a supply switch and the d.c. voltage via a d.c. voltage connector and a d.c. voltage supply switch to a signalling line on the output device (2). The output device (2) has an injection switch and an output switch for injecting a random bit sequence and for taking both the identification signal found in the signalling line and the generated d.c. voltage and has a specifically programmed signal recognition device for recognising the specific identification signal as a valid reference echo of the random bit sequence and for delivering a switching voltage to a selection device via which several different transmission bandwidths on the user specific signalling line can be switched on.

Description

Description Decentralized subscriber interface system

The invention relates to a decentralized subscriber switching system consisting of at least one subscriber switching device and at least one decoupling device (peripheral connection point) in a telecommunications network, for. B. in the form of an antenna connection switching socket or a switching tap for decoupling different program groups and / or different services for and by any participant. The invention further relates to a subscriber switching device suitable for this and a decoupling device.

The constantly increasing number of program providers, in particular television program providers, with different program offerings and the development of new (interactive) services requires a simple, but still operationally and tamper-proof selection device for access to the distribution network, which can be operated by the end users themselves. so that they can choose between different programs and services and can only participate in (additional) programs and services if they have been authorized to do so by the program providers and / or the network operators, and that without being registered and specially managed to become.

The use of known systems with central control for program selection and participation in additional services by end users leads to a very high cost and administration effort for the network operators, so that they cannot be operated economically. Therefore, such systems with central control have so far only been used in individual large-scale systems for city cabling. Furthermore fail systems of this type in that there are often several network operators on the transmission link, the networks of which may be scattered. Furthermore, such facilities are not accepted by the market simply because of the high facility price.

DE 37 04 405 Cl describes a release box for supplying authorized receivers with selected television programs. In this case, a release socket is attached to a standard antenna socket of an antenna system, which is supplied by a central unit with signals for releasing television transmission areas authorized for reception in accordance with the reception authorization of a specific receiver. The release box releases certain program blocks via filters if the subscriber is authorized to subscribe. The authorization is stored in the central unit, which controls the release via a signal in such a way that the release socket of a specific subscriber, which is known according to the location and location of the central unit, is addressed and then releases various transmission areas by removing filter groups. The address of each release box is constantly called up by the control center and its switching status is checked, the release box requesting the release by means of a signal generator via return signals from the central unit. The release box in this central control system can only work in cooperation with the head office. It also receives its operating voltage from there. Central monitoring of reception rights is also only possible and useful for large cable program systems. The return signals, which the release box sends to the central unit to request the release, are transmitted in a frequency range which is already used for interactive television. The use of the return signals in central control devices thus blocks useful frequency ranges and, for example, prevents or complicates interactive ones Watch TV. A modern interactive program selection requires the exclusive controllability from the participant's home as well as the control of junction boxes or star distributors, which are connected to a network of any size with any number of network operators. These requirements cannot be met by centrally controlled systems.

From EP-A-0 390 991 and US-A-4 821 862 a coin machine for pay TV is known, as they are used in hotels. The disadvantage here is that manipulations are easily possible by bridging the coin machine.

A device for selecting information signals from a distribution network is known from German utility model G 94 09 198.6. The network access is controlled centrally, with the associated disadvantages of administration and subsequent invoicing to the respective subscriber. The capacity of the central administrative unit also limits the network size.

A release socket is known from DE 37 27 865 Cl, which can be retrofitted to a standard antenna socket. This release box is supplied with power from a central unit and corresponding control filters in the release box are switched centrally by control or release signals. The status and existence of the release box is continuously monitored by feedback signals in the central unit. From DE 37 27 864 Cl it is also known that the customer or subscriber can call up appropriate programs by means of remote control signals to the central, provided the central determines that he is authorized to do so. A corresponding system is also known from EP-A-0 278 514, which is a subsequent application to DE 37 27 865 Cl and DE 37 27 864 Cl. Here too there are the disadvantages already mentioned for central systems.

From DE 38 40 254 C2 a remote addressable star distributor for television signals is known. The remotely addressable star distributor comprises two inputs for connection to two different program distribution networks, which are then optionally switched to the outputs assigned to specific subscribers by the control commands supplied from a central station. Here too there are the disadvantages already mentioned for central systems.

A monitoring and control system for pay TV cable television is known from US-A-4,878,245. A control unit with switchable filters is provided in the area of the subscriber, which blocks or enables access to certain programs for the respective subscriber. This control unit is in turn activated or controlled by appropriate signals from a control center. Here too there are the disadvantages already mentioned for central systems.

It is therefore the object of the invention to avoid the disadvantages of central control systems and to create a simple decentralized subscriber switching system comprising a subscriber switching device and a decoupling device, which enables the subscriber to choose between different programs and program groups and / or services and which the network operator enables simplified billing.

This object is achieved by the features of claims 1, 15 and 19.

In the system according to claim 1, so-called intelligent switching points are created by the decoupling device in the periphery of the distribution networks, which are programmable with the identification parameters of the respective network operator and the parameters of the respective location of the decoupling device. By preferably Encrypted communication between the signal recognition device and the subscriber switching device is checked in the periphery of the distribution networks, ie decentrally without the interposition of a network center, the distribution networks the presence and the scope of the authorization.

The authorization is preferably verified by means of a chip card which is inserted into the subscriber interface device. In this way, the authorization is checked locally and the billing and administration of the participants is carried out in advance of using the distribution networks by selling the chip cards. This eliminates the need to invoice the customer or participant. This also enables completely anonymous use of the programs and services offered via the distribution networks.

By pre-attenuating the frequency ranges provided by a broadband distribution network, cheaper filter components can be used in the decoupling device (claim 2). This can make it necessary for the signals in the subscriber interface device to be amplified on the output side (claim 17).

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the current and voltage supply to the decoupling device is provided by the subscriber switching device. In this case, a DC supply voltage is preferably supplied from the subscriber switching device to the decoupling device via the connection signal line (claim 3).

Protection against manipulation is also ensured by the possibility of spatially separate arrangement of the subscriber interface device and decoupling device (claim

5).

The present invention is for both tree system

(Claims 4, 19 to 22), in which the signal line is routed successively from one end user or subscriber to the other, as well as in star systems (Claims 5 to 14), in which individual stub lines lead to the individual participants in a star shape.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 12, the signal detection device (s) can be programmed or reprogrammed and monitored remotely in the decoupling device. This allows the network parameters to be changed centrally without on-site service, e.g. B. when a network operator changes. The type of encrypted communication between the decoupling device and the subscriber switching device can also be changed centrally at any time without on-site service. This prevents manipulation. The network operator also receives feedback about the place of use and the scope of use of the value chip cards sold by him by remote inquiry of the decoupling device or the signal recognition device. Manipulations can also be tracked down by the network operator comparing the average use of his networks and transfer points with the respective use at individual transfer points or apartment blocks.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention claims 13 and 14, the decentralized subscriber switching systems can be cascaded according to the present invention. This makes it possible to set up different network operator levels, each of which manages its participants decentrally. The "participants" of a higher-level distribution network are sub-network operators.

Further refinements of the invention result from the remaining subclaims.

The subscriber switching devices defined in claims 15 to 18 can be combined with the antenna connection switching sockets according to claims 19 to 22 to form a decentralized subscriber switching system according to the previous combine lying invention. Likewise, the subscriber switching devices and antenna connection switching sockets defined in claims 15 to 22 can be combined with the features of the decentralized subscriber switching systems of claims 1 to 14.

In the following preferred embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the drawings to explain further features. The same reference numerals designate the same elements. Show it:

1 shows a decentralized subscriber switching system, consisting of an antenna connection switch socket and a subscriber switching device according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a basic illustration of the subscriber switching device according to the invention in FIG. 1;

3 shows a basic illustration of the decoupling device according to the invention in the form of an antenna connection switch socket;

Fig. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of a subscriber switching device according to the invention;

Fig. 5 shows a first embodiment of the antenna connection switch socket according to the invention;

6 shows a second embodiment of the antenna connection switching socket according to the invention;

7 shows a third embodiment of the antenna connection switching socket according to the invention;

Fig. 8 shows a fourth form of execution of the inventions you ^{'ngsgemäßen} antenna connection switch socket; 9 shows a second embodiment of the decentralized subscriber switching system according to the invention, in which the decoupling device comprises an antenna feed box and a downstream switching element;

10 shows an embodiment of the downstream switching element according to the invention from FIG. 9;

11 shows a further embodiment of the decoupling device in the form of a multiple tap-changer tap with filter and programmable signal detection device;

12 shows a further embodiment of a multiple tap-changer tap with the option of remote programming;

13 and 14 interconnections of a plurality of decentralized subscriber interface systems to form main and subsystems.

1 shows the basic structure of the decentralized subscriber switching system according to the invention. The decentralized subscriber switching system 1 consists of a permanently installed antenna connection switch socket 2 and a mobile subscriber switch device 3. The antenna connection switch socket 2 is connected on the input side via at least one master line 4 to at least one program distribution network 5 with a downstream area attenuator 5a or with a downstream filter for multiple cables 5b . The area attenuator 5a provided serves to support the attenuation of area filters 45 present in the antenna connection switch socket 2. The area attenuator 5a already slightly attenuates the high-frequency program signal in the cut-off frequency areas of the area filters 45, for example by 6 to 10 dB. On the output side, the antenna Connection switch socket 2 connected to the subscriber switching device 3 via a first connection signal line 6. The subscriber switching device 3 is connected on the output side to a receiving or terminal device 8 via a second connection signal line 7. The receiving device 8 can be one or more arbitrary receiving devices, such as, for example, a radio, a television, video recorder, satellite receiver, descrambler, decoder, top set digital receiver, multimedia interface or the like. The antenna connection switch socket 2 is connected to one or more broadband cables or trunk lines 4 with a full or different transmission range or transmission content in the loop-through or in the stub system. The antenna connection switch socket 2 is preferably fixedly mounted in or on a wall of the subscriber's apartment. The subscriber switching device preferably consists of a mobile device with its own housing and its own power supply unit, which can be connected to a conventional power socket via a power cable. The subscriber has the option of installing the subscriber switching device 3 between the receiving device 8 and the antenna connection switching socket 2. Optionally, the receiving device 8 can also be connected directly to the antenna connection switch socket 2.

In Fig. 1 and in the further description of execution forms are explained in which programs and services are distributed from a single trunk 4. However, the decoupling device 2 can also be supplied with a plurality of master lines 4 from one or more network operators.

The basic structure of the antenna connection switching socket 2 and of the subscriber switching device 3 is described below. 2 shows the basic structure of the subscriber interface device 3. The interface device 3 has a power supply unit A0

9, which can be connected to an ordinary power socket via a power cable, not shown. The power supply unit 9 supplies an authorization recognition device 10 with a DC supply voltage via a line 11. Furthermore, the power supply unit 9 supplies an identification generator 12 via a supply line 13 likewise with a direct voltage U and a direct voltage switch 9a likewise with this direct voltage U. The authorization recognition device 10 is connected to the identification generator 12 via a control line 14. The identification generator 12 is connected via a line 15 to a switch 16 for coupling in and out, which lies in a signal line 17, 18, 18a. The signal line 17, 18, 18a is preferably an RF line for transmitting an RF signal. The authorization recognition device 10 of the subscriber switching device 3 recognizes whether the subscriber has acquired an authorization to select a specific program group. For example, the authorization recognition device 10 can be a card writing and / or reading device or chip validation device, into which the subscriber inserts a previously acquired "key" or an electronically readable and / or writable card. The card writing and / or reading device or chip validation device

10 then recognizes, after reading out the data stored on the card and after mutual exchange of cryptological data sequences with the programmed signal recognition device 19 within the antenna connection socket, that the subscriber has already paid his fee and is authorized to select a certain program group and transmits the data to the identifier generator 12.

In a preferred embodiment, the value chip or the card contains at least one operator-specific code relating to a specific period of time. M

link command or a signal change function. The signal linking functions specifically change a request signal which is generated in the antenna connection switch socket 2 and is sent to the subscriber switching device 3. The signal change functions are stored on the data carrier or the value chip and are read by a write and read device of the authorization recognition device 10 in the subscriber switching device 3. The identification signal generator 12 of the subscriber switching device 3 uses the read signal change function to convert a request signal into an echo signal (challenge response). The request signal sent from the antenna connection switch socket 2 via the connecting line 6 to the subscriber switching device 3 is coupled out to the identification signal generator 12 via the switch 16 and changed there with the aid of the signal change function read from the data carrier. This changed request signal is sent back as an echo signal from the subscriber switching device 3 via the connecting line 6 to the antenna connection switch socket 2. The echo signal is coupled out in the antenna connection switch socket 2 through the switch 20 to the signal detection device 19 or 19a. The signal detection device 19 contains a memory device in which at least one signal change function is stored which corresponds to the signal change functions stored on the data carrier. The request signal sent by the signal detection device 19, 19a of the antenna connection switching socket 2 or switching element 2b or star distributor 70 is simultaneously changed to a comparison signal with the aid of the signal change functions stored in the memory device 19. In a comparison device, this signal detection device 19 compares the comparison signal with the echo signal returned by the subscriber switching device 3. Are the echo signal AI

and the comparison signal is identical, the signal recognition device 19 recognizes that a permissible signal change function is stored on the data carrier inserted into the reading device of the authorization recognition device 10, that is to say the "monetary value" has been properly booked, and controls the changeover device 21 accordingly for the selected category and thus for the resulting period.

The category can either be selected by the participant (selector switch) or predetermined by the chip card (color-coded). The request signal can, for example, be a sequence of binary-coded numbers. In a simple case, only one signal change function is stored on the data carrier, for example a squaring function. The sequence of numbers arriving as a request signal is squared with the aid of the read rotation functions in the identification generator 12 and the squared numbers are sent as an echo signal back to the antenna connection switch socket 2 or to the switching element 2b or to the identification signal receiver 19a in the star distributor 70. The signal change function, in this case a squaring function, is also stored in the signal detection device 19 in the memory device. The transmitted sequence of numbers is simultaneously squared in the signal recognition device 19 and also stored as a sequence of squared numbers. The echo signal returned by the subscriber switching device 3 in the form of a sequence of squared numbers is compared with the stored comparison signal, which is also a sequence of squared numbers. If the numbers are identical, the signal recognition device 19 recognizes that the same function is stored on the data carrier as in its storage device. If the sequence of numbers returned is different, the signal recognition -Λl

device 19 that the function stored on the data carrier is different from the signal change function stored in it and controls the switching device 21 in such a way that the end user receives no program signal or only a filtered program signal. This form of representation is recommended if the value chip card is issued by the network operator or provided for billing by its own operating system and can also be recharged by the operator against payment (cash, cashless).

However, it is advisable to have the accounting system inserted into the additional functions of the pay card, money card, electronic cash or multifunction cards. Existing multi-application solutions can be provided for this. With this billing form, it is recommended that the operator-specific data stored in the signal recognition device 19, 19a, such as identity and address of the network operator, his bank details, location of the connection point after the introduction of an initially unmarked chip or processor card that matches the operating system ( Virginalkarte) with initial values to "get to know each other", so that this purpose can be used to inform the operator's account with the amount of money each time it is recharged. Knowledge of the site-specific connection data can be used for statistical or administrative evaluation.

In another embodiment, the authorization recognition device 10 has an electronically addressable address, an electronic request signal, which is addressed to the connected subscriber, from the program distribution network 5 via the master line 4 or from the antenna connection switch socket 2 or the switching element 2b etc. , the first connection signal line 6, 6a and the signal line 17 to the subscriber address is sent to the authorization recognition device 10. If the authorization recognition device 10 recognizes the authorization of the subscriber to select a specific program group from the authorization signal sent or the inserted card, or if it receives information about the operator-specific system identification, then it generates a control signal with the operator-specific identification code, which is transmitted via the control line 14 activates the identifier generator 12. The activated identifier generator 12 forwards the system-specific identifier signal, preferably a digital identifier code, which can be connected to the signal line 17 via the switch 16. The system-specific identification signal coupled in via the switch 16 or the coupling-in identification code, together with that which is passed from the power supply unit 9 and via the line 9b to the DC voltage switch 9a and is forwarded by a pulse from the identification generator 12 via the line 12a and via the line 9c to the DC voltage supply switch 36, the output DC voltage U, the DC voltage switch 9a short-circuit proof via the signal line 17 and the first connection signal line 6 to the signal output of the antenna connection switch socket 2 or the antenna feed box 2a. This data exchange can be carried out with slow data rates, preferably e.g. B. in the Europe-wide approved range 132.5 KHz. respectively. In the signal line 18 to the signal line 18a there is a broadband equalization amplifier 38 supplied with the direct voltage Ul (9c) from the direct voltage switch 9a, optionally with a switched passive bypass for standard pass band and return path, which is connected via the signal line 18a to the second connecting line 7, which leads to the receiving device 8 leads. 3 shows the basic structure of the decoupling device according to the invention in the form of an antenna AS

Connection switch socket 2. The switch socket 2 has a signal recognition device 19 optimally previously programmed by the operator with a programmer for his system, a switch 20 for coupling in and out, and a selection or switchover device 21. The switch 20 is connected to a signal connection 23 via a signal line 22, preferably an RF signal line. The first connection signal line 6 connects the signal connection 23 of the antenna connection switch socket 2 to the signal line 17 via the input of the subscriber switching device 3. The signal detection device 19 consists of a passive isolating circuit 24, an optimally programmable identification signal receiver 25 and preferably an electronic switch 26. The electronic switch, which is optionally provided Switch 26 has the function of actuating the switching device 21 and is unnecessary in an embodiment in which the identification signal receiver 25 provides sufficient current for the switching device 21 on the output side. The electronic switch 26 is, for example, an operational amplifier or a switching transistor. The switch 20 is connected to the isolating circuit 24 via an input and output line 27. The isolating circuit 24 is used to isolate a direct voltage U supplied via the coupling line 27 from the connected subscriber interface device 3 from an identification signal which is also superimposed on the decoupling line. The isolating circuit 24 is connected via an identification signal line 28 to the identification signal receiver 25 and via a supply line 29 to the latter and to the optional electronic switch 26. The output of the identification signal receiver 25 is connected to the input of the electronic switch 26 via a command signal line 30. The output of the electronic switch 26 outputs a control signal to the switching device 21 via a control signal line 31. The switching device 21 is at least on the input side A6

a signal line 32 is connected, which is connected via a directional coupler to at least one signal connection 33 of the switch socket 2. The at least one signal connection 33 is connected to at least one program distribution network 5 via at least one main line 4. On the output side, the switching device 21 is connected to the switch 20 via a signal line 34.

A switched-through program signal arrives from the program distribution network 5 via the main line 4, the signal connection 33, the signal line 32, the switched-over switching device 21, via the signal lines 34, the switch 20 and the line 22, to the first connection signal line 6. The switching socket 2 is located however, in a blocked state, the fed-in program signal is partially blocked or changed by the switching device 21 and only partly or changed as far as the connecting line 6. The switching between the blocked and the partially blocked or switched state of the switching device 21 in the switch socket 2 is controlled by the programmable identification signal detection device 19. A time cycle is required to provide a measure of the duration of the access authorization. This time cycle can optionally come from a quartz not shown here, the division circuit of which is taken into account in the program.

After the participation authorization has been recognized, a system-specific or operator-specific identification signal is sent to the subscriber switching device 3 as soon as a direct voltage is sent from the connecting device via the signal line 17, the connecting line 6 and the signal line 22 to the switch 20 in the antenna connection switch socket 2. The switch 20 couples the transmitted and received identification signal and the empfan- g ^'ene DC voltage on and off to the coupling-27th The passive isolating circuit 24 separates the supplied one -IT-

DC voltage from the identification signal. The identification signal is fed via the identification signal line 28 to the input of the identification signal receiver 25. After activation by the direct voltage U supplied by the subscriber switching device 3, the identification signal receiver 25 can optionally first send out a request signal with all the important data, which is coupled in via lines 28, 27 in the direction of the subscriber switching device 3 via the switch 20. From the subscriber interface device 3, signal change functions read out from the value chip are generated with the operator-specific data and with the aid of the data carriers and sent back to the identification signal receiver 25. The DC voltage separated from the identification signal in the isolating circuit 24 is fed via the supply line 29 to the optional electronic switch 26 and the identification signal receiver 25 for the current or voltage supply. The identification signal receiver 25 represents an electronic lock which transmits the echo signal or the received identification signal or the received digital identification code, which can originally originate from the electronically readable card or chip acquired by the subscriber, and via the authorization recognition device to the identification generator 12 was passed on, or was generated in the identifier generator 12 of the subscriber interface device 3, checked and identified as valid in the case of an existing participation authorization and after comparison of the read identifier with the system-specific or operator-specific identifier. If the identification signal receiver 25 recognizes the received identification code as valid, it issues a command signal via the command signal line 30 to the optional electronic switch 26, which outputs a switching voltage to the switching device 21 via the control signal line 31. The switching device 21 then switches to a group of programs which the subscriber is authorized to receive on the basis of his authorization to participate. AQ

This takes place either in that the switching device 21 switches between different signal lines 32 connected to master lines 4 with different program groups, or on the other hand in that in the switching device 21 either certain frequency ranges which were suppressed by range filters before switching over are so suppressed that initially none or only some of the programs on a master line 4 were switched through to signal line 34, by bridging this area filter all of the programs on master line 4 are gradually switched through to signal line 34 or switched between two or more master lines with different program contents with which it is now also possible to use other services in the frequency ranges that have now been switched on, thereby creating different customer categories. The switch position is switched to the standard category in the delivery and therefore de-energized state. This can be done by interrupting (zero category) or by inserting any bandpass filter.

Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the subscriber switching device shown in principle in connection with FIG. 2 according to the invention. When the subscriber authorization is recognized, the authorization recognition device 10 outputs a control signal and / or a specific identifier to the identifier generator 12, which generates a specific identifier code and via the feed switch

16 this data together with a voltage Uι generated by the power supply 9 in the DC voltage switch 9a after it has been triggered by the authorization recognition device 10 and thus DC voltage Uι which is switched on via the trigger line 12a, which is also triggered, is short-circuit-proof via the switch 36 in the direction of the antenna connection switch socket 2 via the signal line

17 and the connection signal line 6 conducts. The first -4 * 3

Identification signal as well as the DC voltage Uι is thus directed opposite to the direction of the RF signal that carries the program information. The program signal coming from the antenna connection switch socket 2 or from the switching element 2b in the branch feeder 70 passes via the signal line 17 through the feed switches 16 and 36 to the further signal line 18. A DC voltage U generated by the power supply unit 9 as output DC voltage U, the expedient but optional DC voltage switch 9a can be coupled in via the feeder switch 36 if the DC voltage switch 9a has received the command to switch through via the line 12a from the identification generator 12 and this in turn from the authorization recognition device 10. The high-frequency program signal reaches a capacitor 37, which blocks the DC voltage components. The program-carrying high-frequency signal reaches the output connection 39 of the subscriber switching device 3 via an optionally provided range amplifier or broadband amplifier 38. The range amplifier or broadband amplifier 38 obtains the DC output voltage U, of the DC voltage switch 9a as supply voltage via a line 38a. In parallel to the area amplifier or broadband amplifier 38, a passive bypass 40 is provided in the form of a low pass for the signal return path. This makes it possible to also use control signals for interactive television and other online services in order to send data in the opposite direction to the high-frequency signal carrying the program information from the receiving device 8 in the direction of the program distribution network 5. Otherwise, this would not be possible due to the area amplifier 38 switched on in the signal line. The power supply unit 9 can be connected to a conventional power socket via a mains cable 41 and a plug 42. Zo

In a further embodiment, not shown here, an interface for a fast modem or interface for PC applications with telephony or Internet access for participation in outward and return services is connected to the output connection. In a further embodiment, the subscriber switching device 3 allows the subscriber access to certain frequency ranges and thus to information and services which are possible from the antenna connection switch socket 2 or from the multiple tap switch branch 2a via the HF master line. After the connection and introduction of a data carrier or value chip, the subscriber switching device 3 conducts a DC voltage to the antenna connection switch socket 2. The DC voltage causes the signal detection device 25, which until then had been programmed but not yet active due to the lack of a supply voltage, to initiate a request signal or a signal To send the random bit sequence back to the subscriber switching device 3. This request signal is specifically modified with the specific identifier read from the data carrier or the signal change function contained therein, in order then to be transmitted back as an echo signal or echo identifier to the specific identifier signal recognition device 25 programmed identically in the entire network area of the network operator. In the identification signal detection device 25, the echo signal or the request signal changed with the signal change function is compared with a comparison signal. The comparison signal can be formed by changing the transmitted request signal simultaneously with stored functions which correspond to the signal change functions on the data carrier. If the comparison signal and the returned echo signal are recognized as identical by the identification signal detection device, the switching devices 21 are switched to the correspondingly expanded program category. U

tet. The switching devices 21 are controlled by the signal detection device 19 by means of a stored program. For better handling, the connection device 3 should also have an indication of malfunction (too high, too low current consumption), for the residual value of the card, and for the currently selected category. Since the connection device is to be purchased by the participant himself, different price versions can be offered. The integration of the connection device for network access with its essential properties in program access devices (decoders, digital set-top boxes, etc.) is possible as a special embodiment.

FIG. 5 shows a first embodiment of the antenna connection switch socket 2 according to the invention, which is already shown in principle in connection with FIG. 3. The same components are designated by the same reference numerals. The antenna connection switch socket 2 according to the invention shown in FIG. 5 is a single-cable limit switch socket. That is, only a master line 4 is fed to it, and this master line is not looped through to a further antenna connection switching socket via the antenna switching socket 2 according to the invention. Via the main line 4 connected to the program distribution network 5, a high-frequency program signal, which carries program information of many different programs on different program channels, arrives at the antenna connection switch socket. The program signal is passed via the signal connection 33 of the antenna connection switching socket 2 to a directional coupler branch 42. There the signal is branched off to the switching device 21 via the signal line 32. The switching device 21 in this first embodiment of the antenna connection switch socket 2 according to the invention, to which only one trunk line cable 4 is fed, consists of a first RF switch 43, a second RF switch 44 and a ZI

or more range filters 45 interposed between the two RF switches 43, 44. The two RF switches 43, 44 of the switching device 21 are controlled via the branching control line 31 by the previously programmed identification signal detection device 19. The two RF switches 43, 44 each have two, optimally also more switching states. In a first, non-activated state, the input 47 of the HF switch 43 is connected to the switch contact 48 of the HF switch 43, and the output 49 of the HF switch 44 is connected to a switch contact 50 of the HF switch 44. In a second, activated state, the input 47 of the HF switch 43 is connected to a switch contact 51 and the output 49 of the HF switch 44 is connected to a switch contact 52. The switch contact 51 of the HF switch 43 is connected directly to the switch contact 52 of the HF switch 44 via a line 53. Between the switch contact 48 of the RF switch 43 and the switch contact 50 of the RF switch 44, the area filter or filters 45 is also connected, for example, with a return path block. The switching states of the two RF switches 43, 44 of the switching device 21 are controlled by the identification signal detection device 19. If the identification signal detection device 19, which has already been programmed in the installed state, detects a specific identification signal sent or sent back to it by the subscriber switching device 3, it switches the switching device 21 from the non-activated state, in which the high-frequency program signal is passed through the respective range filter 45, to an activated state um, in which the program signal is filtered differently or directly through unfiltered. The range filter (s) 45 block different frequency ranges and only let program signals through in certain frequency ranges. As a result, different program channels are blocked by the area filter or filters 45 in the non-activated state. In activated access 1

the switching device 21 switches through all or further individual programs arriving on the signal line -32. The filtered or unfiltered program signal reaches via a signal line 34 to an optionally provided distribution circuit 53, which is now contained in every antenna socket. The distribution circuit 53 can be used, for example, to distribute radio programs or TV programs to two sockets. The radio program signals are then fed via line 54 to a radio connection 23b. A radio receiver can be plugged into the radio connection 23b via a cable. The television programs branched off at the distribution circuit 53 reach the decoupling switch 20 via a capacitor 55, which suppresses DC voltage components, and the signal line 22 to the television connection 23a. From there, the high-frequency television signal is fed into the subscriber switching device 3 via the connecting line 6 and finally arrives from there via a second connecting line 7 into the television receiver 8, or other receiving devices or terminals have access to the additional services or they do not have it.

The identification code transmitted back or generated by the subscriber switching device 3 upon detection of an entitlement to participate, together with the output direct voltage Uι of the direct voltage switch 9a, arrives via the connecting line 6 in the opposite direction to the transmitted television program signal via the television connection 23a, the signal line 22, the decoupling switch 20 and Outcoupling line 27 to the identification signal detection device 19 of the antenna connection switching socket 2 according to the invention or the switching elements 2a in the branch line branch tap 70 previously programmed via programmer or the signal path. As can be seen in FIG. 5, the isolating circuit 24, which consists of a con- de ^'nsator 56 and a coil 57 is, the identification signal from the DC voltage component separately. The con- capacitor 56 only lets the higher-frequency identification signal through and applies it to the input of the identification signal receiver 25. The identification signal receiver 25 first sends a request signal to the subscriber switching device 3 via the lines 28, 27. After specific changes to the request signal by means of a change instruction that is stored in the data carrier or the value chip card, the changed request signal is sent as an echo signal from the identification signal generator 12 Subscriber switching device 3 sent back to the identification signal receiver 25 of the antenna connection switch socket 3. A memory device is also present in the signal detection device 19, in which the corresponding change instructions are stored in a read-out-safe manner. In a preferred embodiment, a radio clock chip is provided which, in the event of voltage recovery after connection of the subscriber interface device 3, provides real-time. This makes it possible to check whether the signal change functions stored on the data carrier or the value chip are valid at this point in time or to monitor the period.

The specially programmed identification signal receiver 25, which can be reprogrammed by means of a data switch (not shown here) via the program distribution network 4 by data transmission even during operation in the switched-on state, checks the received identification signal and, when identified, gives a control command via the command signal line 30, 31 to the input of the electronic switch 26 from. All switch sockets that are not switched on at this time and therefore not supplied with voltage can therefore not yet be reprogrammed and retain their initial programming. The voltage supply to the electronic switch 26 takes place via the supply line 29, which supplies the DC voltage filtered out by the isolating circuit 24 both to the identification signal receiver 25 and to the ZS

electronic switch 26 creates. As a result, no separate power supply for the electronics contained therein is necessary in the antenna connection switch socket according to the invention. The voltage supply of the active components located in the antenna connection socket 2, in particular the

Identification signal recognition device 19 is thus carried out indirectly by the power supply unit 9 in the subscriber switching device 3. If the identification signal receiver 25, once programmed, recognizes the received identification code as correct only after the voltage has been applied and the random bit sequence has been sent, the command control signal emitted by the electronic switch 26 becomes a voltage command via the line 31 delivered to the switching device 21. The switching device 21 then switches the two RF switches 43, 44 from the non-activated state to one or more activated states, so that the incoming program signals are not filtered by other or no area filters 45. This means that when the identification code is recognized by the identification signal recognition device 19, the subscriber can receive at the receiving device 8 for all desired programs or can participate in other desired services. If the identification code is not (or no longer) generated by the subscriber switching device 3, the switching device 21 of the antenna connection switching socket does not switch through (or no longer), and the subscriber only receives a subset of programs or is excluded from access to other services. Only by re-reading a specific identification code, for example by inserting an authorization card or "key chip" into the authorization recognition device 10 in the subscriber switching device 3, is the subscriber able to (again) the desired program or the entire program. to receive, or to activate the way back (again). The range or range filters 45 used in the switching device 21 can block any frequency range with any blocking depth. For example, the ranges 5 to 20 MHz or to 70 MHz and 330 to 606, or also 870 MHz or 470 to 870 MHz are preferably blocked.

In practice, bandpasses or lowpasses with a blocking depth of up to 60 dB are provided. The filter is not used for the zero category. The filter location then remains open.

6 shows a second embodiment of the antenna connection switch socket 2 according to the invention. This embodiment is a single-cable through-switch socket. It differs from the first embodiment in that the television program signal, which is fed in through a first trunk line 4a, is not only branched off to the switching device 21 by the directional coupling branch device 42, but is also looped through to an output trunk line 4b. This makes it possible to connect a plurality of antenna connection sockets 2 in series, until one finally reaches a limit switch socket according to the first embodiment.

The antenna switch socket shown in FIG. 7 is a two-cable limit switch socket. This differs from the two previously described switching sockets according to the first and second embodiment in that, in this switching socket according to a third embodiment, a plurality of master lines are connected. In the antenna connection switch socket 2 shown in FIG. 7, a first master line 4ι and a second master line 4n are connected to a first connection 33ι and a second connection 33π. The first program signal, which carries information about a first group of programs or about which special services are offered, is transmitted to a ZI-

Coupler tap 42, via the line 32- a first input of the switching device 21. In the same way, the program signal supplied on the second main line 4, which carries a second group of programs or via which special services are offered, is fed via a directional coupler branch 42 to a second input of the switching device 21 via the line 32π. The switching device 21 in this third embodiment differs significantly from the switching device 21 in the first and second embodiments. The switching device 21 in the third embodiment consists only of a simple RF switch 58 which switches between a first input switching contact 59 and a second switching contact 60. In this way, either the first program signal supplied via the master line 4 or the second program signal supplied via the master line 4n arrives at an output 61 of the RF switch 58. The switching device 21 consisting of the RF switch 58 is controlled as in the first and the second embodiment by the programmable identification signal detection device 19. When using the antenna connection switch socket 2 according to this third embodiment, the subscriber is able to choose between a first program group and a second program group or other services by generating an identification code. In contrast to the antenna connection switch socket 2 according to the first and second embodiment, the choice between two completely different program groups or services is possible. The principle of the two-cable limit switch socket shown in FIG. 7 can be extended to any number of supplied master lines. For example, in addition to the identification code and the DC voltage, the identification signal detection circuit 19 can also be supplied with information about which program group or services the subscriber wishes to select. ZS

This information is also generated in the subscriber switching device 3 by, for example, inserting various cards or “key chips” into the authorization recognition device 10 and is exclusively a question of software design.

Fig. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of the antenna connection switch socket 2 according to the invention. The fourth embodiment in Fig. 8 differs from the third embodiment in Fig. 7 only in that the first and second master lines 4, 4 "for connection to further antenna connection switch sockets or tap changers are looped through.

Fig. 9 shows the basic structure of a particular embodiment of the decentralized subscriber switching system according to the invention in the increasingly frequently used star distribution system, in which the respective antenna connection switch socket 2 has been divided into a purely passive antenna socket 2a with direct current passage in the form of a feed socket for the identification signal and the direct voltage from the connected subscriber switching device 3, and into a switching element 2b, which is preferably to be installed in a star distributor in the respective branch feeder and is connected downstream via the housing-related line 6a. In Fig. 10, a six-fold branch distributor 70 is shown with, for example, six built-in switching elements 2b, each of which has a coupling 20, a signal detection device 19 and a switching device 21. The branch distributor 70 can contain any number of downstream switching elements 2b. The branch distributor 70 contains a signal distribution circuit 71, which is connected on the input side to a main line 4. The distribution circuit 71 branches the main line 4 to a first line 72 and a second line 73. A range filter or a range block 450 is connected to the first line 72. Z

tet. Furthermore, several directional coupler branches 42 _a , 2kl, 42 _c j, 2 ^, 42 _e j, 42f are connected in series in the first line 72 to the area filter 450. A plurality of directional coupler _branches 42 _aII , 42 _] -, !!, 42 _cll , 42.3H, 42 _eII , 42f _{jj are also} connected in the second line 73 of the branch distributor 70. The number of directional coupler taps provided in the first line 72 corresponds to the number of directional coupler taps provided in the second line 73. A directional coupler branch 42, ι in the first line 72 and a directional coupler branch 42, π in the second line 73 are provided for each switching element 2b provided in the branch distributor 70. The switching device 21 of each downstream switching element 2b integrated in the branch distributor 70 is connected via a switching contact 59 to a directional coupler branch in the first line 72 and via a switching contact 60 to a directional coupler branch in the second line 73. In the presence of a DC voltage and identifier transmitted by the respective subscriber switching device via the respective housing-related feed-in socket 2a and via line 6a and which correspond to the system operator-specific identifier of the identification signal receiver 25, the signal detection device 19 controls the switching device 21 in such a way that the switch switches the two switching contacts 60 , 61 connects to one another so that an unfiltered program signal reaches the end user or the latter can use additional services. If no identification signal is recognized by the signal detection device 19, the switch in the switching device 21 connects the switch contacts 59 and 61, so that only a filtered program signal reaches the end user and / or the end user is separated from additional services. In the delivery state, the switching contacts 59, 61 are connected to one another, since this state is voltage-free and therefore currentless. In the embodiment variant shown in FIG. 10, the components of the downstream switching element 2b, decoupling switch 20, the signal detection device 19 and the switching device 21 of the embodiments of the antenna connection switching socket 2 shown in connection with FIGS. 5 to 8 are installed in the branch distributor 70, and only the remaining components of the antenna connection switch sockets shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 remain as a so-called antenna connection or feed socket 2a in the residential antenna socket of the end user. The branch distributor 70 is located at a distance from the aerial sockets 2a, for example in the basement of the building. Any end users have a user interface device 3 in their apartment, which can be connected between the respective first receiving device and the apartment antenna socket. The identification signal, which is passed on or generated by any subscriber switching device, and the DC voltage are fed via the associated apartment antenna socket against the program signal on a stub line to any output connection of the stub distributor 70. FIG. 10 illustrates a decentralized subscriber switching system with a 6-way branch distributor in the delivery state, the same elements being provided with the same reference numerals as in FIG. 9.

The embodiment of the decentralized subscriber switching system according to the invention shown in FIG. 10 has the advantage that neither the identification signal receiver 19, the electronic changeover switch 21 nor the identification signal on / decoupling crossover and DC voltage decoupling crossover in the domestic antenna sockets, which generally offer little space for receiving components 20 the filter or the area lock are not installed. Rather, these components are housed in the branch distributor 70, which is separate, for example in the basement of the 34

Building and offers enough space for components.

In addition, the arrangement shown in FIG. 10 offers the advantage that only one filter 450 is required per category, which blocks different frequency ranges and only allows program signals in certain frequency ranges to pass through. The area filter 450 of the branch distributor 70 fulfills the same function as the area filter 45 of the antenna connection switch socket 2 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Thus, the embodiment of the decentralized subscriber switching system shown in FIG. 10 requires a smaller number of filters and thus saves costs, albeit by the signal distribution circuit 71 must be provided with an operating level that is approximately 4 dB higher, which can be implemented at any time. This branch distributor can also be called a branch tap or switchable branch tap.

FIG. 11 shows a multiple tap switch tap 70 with a filter 450 and a programmable identification signal comparator 19a in the decentralized subscriber switching system according to the invention. The embodiment shown in FIG. 11 differs from the embodiment described in FIG. 10 in that the identification signal receivers 25, which are identical for the entire network and have the same programming, are combined to form a single identification comparator 19a. The number of inputs and outputs 6a corresponds to the number of housing-related terminals of the Stichschaltabzweigers 70. The tag comparator 19, for example as a microcontroller preferably includes a random bit generator, optionally a Funkuhrchip or quartz and a memory device in which at least one time-related signal Ve ^{'ränderungsfunktion} or Linking function is stored in a read-safe manner. In the identifier comparator 19a it can be a flash EPROM or flash RAM or a read-out gate array logic system (GALS). Cryptological encryption using a program guarantees absolute security against manipulation. The identification comparator 19a is connected on the input side to a plurality of switches 20 and on the output side via control lines 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96 to a corresponding number of switching devices 21. An identification signal or echo signal arriving from a subscriber switching device 3 via a line 6a is decoupled by means of the associated switch 20 and fed to the identification comparator 19a. If the identification comparator 19a recognizes the identification signal or if an echo signal is recognized as being identical to an associated comparison signal, the identification comparator 19a switches the switching device 21 in such a way that a program signal reaches the subscriber switching device 3 in a more or less filtered manner.

FIG. 12 shows a multi-axis switching tap 70 with filters 450a, 450b, 450c and a programmable identification signal comparator 19a in the decentralized subscriber switching system according to the invention. The embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is more comfortable compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 because it enables four instead of two program categories to be activated. An RF signal arriving via the master line 4 is branched at a branch 71a to an amplifier device 74 and to a first line 76, in which a range filter 450c is connected. The signal branched to the amplifier 74 arrives at a triple distributor 75, which distributes the signal over three lines 77, 78, 79. A range filter 450b is connected in line 77 and a range filter 450a is connected in line 78. Line 79 has no area filter. In the lines 76, 77, 78, 79 there are several groups of directional coupler branches 42al to 42a4, 42bl to 42b4, 42cl to 42c4, 42dl to 42d4, 42el to 42e4 and 42fl to 42f4 switched. The number of groups of directional coupler taps corresponds to the maximum number of subscriber switching devices 3 that can be connected to the multiple tap-changer taps. The amplifier 74 obtains its supply voltage via diodes 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, which are connected downstream of the switches 20. The diodes are interconnected to a star point 86, from which a line 87 leads to a branch point 88. The branch point 88 is connected via a line 89 to the identification comparator 19a and via a line 90 to the amplifier 74. As soon as any subscriber switching device applies a DC voltage to a switch 20, this DC voltage is coupled out to the star point 86 via the coil contained in the switch 20 and connected to the star point 86 and is connected as a supply voltage via the lines 87, 90 to the amplifier 74 and via the lines 87 , 89 on the identifier comparator 19a. If not a single subscriber switching device 3 is switched on, the amplifier 74 and the identification comparator 19a receive no supply voltage. As soon as at least one subscriber switching device 3 is switched on and a direct voltage reaches a switch 20 in the multiple tap-off tap 70, the identification comparator 19a and the amplifier 74 are supplied with a supply voltage. The identification comparator or microcontroller 19a controls the switching devices 21 via control lines 91, 92, 93, 94, 95 and 96. The identification comparator 19a recognizes the identification signal or echo signal coming back from a subscriber switching device 3 and connects the associated switching device 21 via a control line the corresponding signal line 76, 77, 78, 79. The identification signal or echo signal therefore determines whether the RF program signal arriving via the main line 4 passes unfiltered or filtered through one of the filters 450a, 4 ^" 50b, 450c to the end user. The multiple -Stitch tap according to Fig. 12 can also be 3Jf

represent intelligent house transfer point. Especially here it will be necessary that before connection via an interface 97, which is connected via a line 99 to the signal detection device 19a, with location and operator data and when switched off, i.e. in the case of power supply via a data decoupling switch 98 from the network is programmed or reprogrammed with changeable data. The data decoupling switch 98 is likewise connected to the signal detection device 19a via the line 99.

By cascading amplifiers 74 and distributors 75, it is possible to create even more program categories. By placing the filter 450 out of the housing of the star distributor at a central point for cost reasons, the star distributor can be designed with as many inputs as categories. Then the distribution network must have as many program lines as desired categories. The reinforcement is then to be provided as required. Only when a subscriber switching device 3 is connected in the apartment is the branch distributor 70 in the activated state and switches the full program through the switching contacts of the switching device 21 to the apartment antenna socket. If no subscriber connection device 3 is connected, ie no identification signal is recognized by the identification signal receiver 19 in the branch distributor 70 or if electronic manipulation is attempted by the end participant at the electrical socket, the switchover device 21 of the branch distributor 70 switches back to the delivery state, ie the switching contact 61 is switched to the switch contact 59 of the switching device. The system shown in FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 thus also offers additional protection against electronic manipulation, at least between the main line of the program distribution network and the home-related connection. For extended protection 3S

Before tampering with distribution networks and connections according to the first embodiment, in particular for tree systems or along the trunk lines, reference is made to the on September 5, 1996 under Az. 196 36 098.6 referred to the German patent application "Manipulationsschutzsystem".

The decentralized subscriber switching system according to the first embodiment, in which the identification signal receiver 19, the decoupling switch 20 and the changeover switch 21 are integrated in the antenna socket of the end subscriber, and the decentralized subscriber switching system according to the second embodiment, in which these components are integrated in a switchable branch distributor or branch tap , can be combined with each other so that any tree and star structures can be realized.

The antenna connection switching socket 2 according to the invention or the downstream switching element 2b are originally when installed in the participant's apartment or in the basement in the non-activated state, ie the area filter (s) 45 are in the first and second embodiment by the switching device 21 between the master line and all connected participants switched. In the third and fourth embodiment, the switching device 21 is switched to a preferred master line, for example 4, which is to be identified accordingly during installation, in the non-activated state. The subscriber then acquires the current participation authorization from the network operator and, for example, inserts an authorization card or cash card or a "key chip" or a special form of the cash card into the subscriber switching device 3 so that it relates to a certain period of time or has already been voided in terms of money in the antenna connection switch socket 2, the identification code generated as an echo is recognized and the switching device 21 switches over to the activated state and allows all or other programs to pass through and enables other services. This decentralized subscriber switching system therefore offers, for example, the possibility of a fair pay TV supply, without the network operator first having to carry out a complex installation. The subsequent installation of the switching socket 2 according to the invention or the switching tap 70 can be carried out with the least effort. Power supply for these facilities can be eliminated. The subscriber connection device 3 can be purchased by the subscriber as a separate device. The subscriber connection system according to the invention therefore enables the subscriber to first create access to the network himself, without operating a great technical outlay, then to switch between a first group of programs and one or further groups of programs or to participate in further services and it enables the operator to wait for the development and acceptance of Pay-TV and Pay-Audio or other services without major investments and risks. The subscriber connection system described enables the use of simple filters in the antenna connection switch socket 2 or in the switchable branch tap 70, and nevertheless guarantees reliable filtering out of those programs to which the subscriber is not authorized without a valid value chip.

While the switchable branch tap 70 is preferably made in two parts (filter / amplifier and microelectronics / HF part), the antenna connection switch socket is also preferably made in two parts (base with HF part and frame) as the lower and upper part.

The filters can, for example, be exchangeably attached behind a cover secured by a seal and can be individually fitted by the operator, even subsequently. It applies to the network operator at the end of the transmission link, ie in the periphery of his network 3 *

all that is needed is to install a new generation of antenna sockets or switchable branch line feeders, the electronics of which "slumber" when they are delivered and when they are installed. He can use these components anywhere in the periphery of his network and program them operator-specifically before installing them. Programming can take place after manufacture in the factory through an interface 97 (not described here in greater detail) before installation with a programmer. The decisive advantage compared to previous systems is that the participant does not have to be registered in terms of location or name, his home-related socket or supply line does not need a reference address, the network operator or system builder never has to know where participants with special requests are, nor does he manage them separately have to, he only has to make sure that his system has correctly coded antenna sockets or switching elements, and he issues the appropriate authorization card or the ilg key chip "for a fee, that is operator or system-related to" his "participants can sell anonymously or this can always reload the chip or the cash card.

The switch sockets and switching elements are mass-produced, inexpensive to manufacture and make it easier for the operator and installer to get started with the individual billing system. The subscriber switching device can then also be purchased as a mass article on the open market, since it is free of specific characteristics.

Only authorization cards or chips are sold anonymously by the operator and / or cashlessly charged by the participant just as anonymously. The operator creates two or more categories of participants, the first one who remains a passive user, the other one who is active want to participate in the media, and still want to divide into different categories.

FIGS. 13 and 14 show an embodiment variant in which the structure of the distribution networks is divided into several levels 5 and 5 'when the first network operator 5' sells his signal to further sub-operators 5 and it is advantageous that he uses this instead of a subscriber switching device 3 hands out an "operator interface device" 3 '. Together with the peripheral connection point 2 ', he then also enabled these to have a decentralized connection.

Then the network operator of the distribution network 5 must also insert a chip card into his connection device 3 'so that the payment of his signal delivery fees to the operator of the distribution network 5' is documented and the connection is secured. The second network operator of the distribution network 5 currently reveals to the first network operator of the distribution network 5 'the number of subscribers connected to the distribution network 5 as the basis for his signal delivery contract from the distribution network 5'.

In this special case, it is a cascade or series connection of at least two decentralized subscriber connection systems 1 and 1 '. Otherwise, any number of subscriber interface devices 3 can be connected in parallel to the many peripheral connection points 2 of a network level, as is shown schematically in FIG. 14.

With the upgrade of intelligent connection points, a network operator can completely structure its network structure and all network operators have an easy overview of the acceptance, management, utilization, billing and cost-effectiveness of their networks.

Claims

33 Patent claims

1. Decentralized subscriber switching system for services and / or programs offered via a distribution network (5), with at least one decoupling device (2; 2a, 2b; 2a, 70) for decoupling certain services and / or programs from the distribution network (5) that are via a master line (4) can be connected to the distribution network, and at least one subscriber switching device (3), which is connected to the decoupling device (2; 2a, 2b; 2a, 70) via a first connection signal line (6) and to a second connection signal line (7) A terminal (8) can be connected, each subscriber connection device (3) having an authorization recognition device (10) for recognizing subscriber authorization and delivering a specific activation signal to an identification generator (12) for generating a specific identification signal, the generated identification signal via an infeed switch (16) can be connected to the first connection signal line (6), and each decoupling device (2; 2a, 2b; 2a, 70) a switch (20) for coupling and / or decoupling the identification signal located on the first connection signal line (6) and a programmable signal detection device (19; 19a) for detecting the identification signal and delivering a switching signal to a selection device (21) , by means of which certain services and / or programs can be switched to the connection signal lines (6, 7) in accordance with the identification signal.

2. Decentralized subscriber switching system according to claim 1, characterized by a device (5a) for pre-attenuation of certain frequency ranges provided via the distribution network (5). O

3. Decentralized subscriber switching system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the subscriber switching device (3) comprises a power supply unit (9) for generating a DC supply voltage, a DC voltage switch (9a) and a DC voltage supply switch (36) by means of which the DC supply voltage is applied to the first connection signal line (6) can be switched, and that the switch (20) of the decoupling device (2; 2a, 2b; 2a, 70) serves to decouple the DC supply voltage from the first connection signal line (6).

4. Decentralized subscriber switching system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the decoupling device (2) is designed in a tree system as an antenna connection switching socket (2) which is arranged in the region of the terminal (8).

5. Decentralized subscriber switching system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the decoupling device (2a, 2b; 2a, 70) in an asterisk system comprises an antenna feed box (2a) and a downstream switching element (2b) via a third connection signal line (6a) are connected to each other that the switch (20) for coupling and / or decoupling the identification signal located on the first and third connection signal lines (6, 6a) and possibly the DC supply voltage, the programmable signal detection device (19; 19a) and the Selection device (21) are arranged in the downstream switching element (2b), and that the antenna feed box (2a) is arranged in the region of the terminal (8).

6. Decentralized subscriber interface system according to claim 5, characterized. that the antenna feed-in socket (2a) serves as a feed-in socket for the DC supply voltage and the identification signal from the subscriber switching device (3) and both via the third connection signal line (6a) to the downstream switching element (2b) or to the

Signal detection device (19, 19a) forwards.

7. Decentralized subscriber switching system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a plurality of antenna feed boxes (2a) via a corresponding number of third connecting lines (6a) are each connected to a downstream switching element (2b), and that these switching elements (2b) together in one Branch distributors (70) are installed.

8. Decentralized subscriber switching system according to claim 7, characterized in that the branch distributor (70) has a distributor circuit (71) for distributing different programs and / or services of the program signals or services present on the main line (4) to a plurality of branch lines (72 , 73; 76, 77, 78, 79).

9. Decentralized subscriber switching system according to one of the preceding claims 7 to 8, characterized in that the selection device (21) of each in the

Branch distributor (70) of built-in switching element (2b) between directional coupler branches (42, 42 _m ; 42 _a1 - 42 _a4 , 42 _b1 - 42 _b4 ) connected in the respective distribution line (72, 73; 76, 77, 78, 79), 42 _c1 - 42 _c4 , 42 _d1 - 42 _d4 , 42 _e1 - 42 _e4 , 42 _f1 - 42 _f4 ) is switchable.

10. Decentralized subscriber switching system according to one of the preceding claims 7 to 9, characterized. that the majority of the downstream switching elements (2b) in the branch distributor (70) have a common signal detection device (19a) which is connected on the input side to at least one of the switches (20) and which is connected on the output side via control lines (91, 92, 93 , 94, 95, 96) is connected to the selection devices (21).

11. A decentralized subscriber switching system according to one of the preceding claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the branch distributor (70) has a branch (71a) connected to the main line (4) for signal branching to a first (76) of the plurality of branch lines and to one Amplifier (74), and that the supply voltage of the amplifier (74) is decoupled by at least one of the switches (20) which are each connected to a subscriber switching device (3) via the plurality of third connection signal lines (6a).

12. Decentralized subscriber switching system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the signal detection device (19; 19a) is connected via a program code selection device (98) to the main line (4) for remote programming.

13. Decentralized subscriber switching system consisting of a plurality of decentralized subscriber switching systems (1, 1 ') according to one of the preceding claims, which are connected in series.

14. Decentralized subscriber interface system according to claim

13, characterized by a plurality of decentralized subscriber switching systems according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 12, wherein the second connecting line (7) of at least one decentralized subscriber switching system (1 ') with the input lines (4) is connected by at least two decentralized subscriber switching systems (1).

15. subscriber switching device (3), in particular for a decentralized subscriber switching system according to one of the preceding claims, with a power supply (9) for generating a DC supply voltage for an authorization recognition device (10) for recognizing a subscriber authorization and for delivering a specific activation signal to an identification generator (12) for generating a specific identification signal, the generated identification signal and the DC voltage being switchable to a signal line (17, 18) via two supply points (16, 36).

16. Subscriber switching device (3) according to claim 15, characterized in that the authorization recognition device (10) contains a read / write device for reading and reading information from a data carrier, in particular from a chip card.

17. subscriber switching device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims 15 to 16, characterized in that in the signal line (17, 18) a range amplifier or broadband amplifier (38) is connected to raise the signal.

18. Subscriber switching device (3) according to claim 17, characterized in that a passive bypass (40) is connected in parallel with the area amplifier (38).

19. Antenna connection switch socket (2) for connecting on the input side to a distribution network (5) from

Programs or services, especially for one H

decentralized subscriber interface system according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 14 ,. with a switch (20) for coupling and decoupling an identification signal located on an output signal line (22) and a DC supply voltage, a programmable signal detection device (19) for processing the specific identification signal and for delivering a switching signal to a selection device (21), through which programs or services determined by the identification signal can be switched to the output signal lines (22).

20. Antenna connection switching socket (2) according to claim 19, characterized in that the signal detection device (19) additionally has a request signal generator for generating a request signal and a memory device for storing at least one specific signal change function.

21. Antenna connection switching socket (2) according to claim 20, characterized in that the request signal generator is a random generator for generating a random bit sequence.

22. Antenna connection switching socket (2) according to one of the preceding claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the voltage supply to the programmable signal detection device (19; 19a) is in operation by supplying a DC voltage via a socket (23) or by supplying a DC voltage a programming device.