EP0912269A1 - Process for fitting components rotationally fixedly on a shaft - Google Patents

Process for fitting components rotationally fixedly on a shaft

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Publication number
EP0912269A1
EP0912269A1 EP97927056A EP97927056A EP0912269A1 EP 0912269 A1 EP0912269 A1 EP 0912269A1 EP 97927056 A EP97927056 A EP 97927056A EP 97927056 A EP97927056 A EP 97927056A EP 0912269 A1 EP0912269 A1 EP 0912269A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
mandrel
hollow shaft
components
cams
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97927056A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0912269B1 (en
Inventor
Hans Kühl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0912269A1 publication Critical patent/EP0912269A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0912269B1 publication Critical patent/EP0912269B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/84—Making other particular articles other parts for engines, e.g. connecting-rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/84—Making other particular articles other parts for engines, e.g. connecting-rods
    • B21D53/845—Making camshafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/06—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes in openings, e.g. rolling-in
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
    • B21K1/063—Making machine elements axles or shafts hollow
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49293—Camshaft making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
    • Y10T29/49771—Quantitative measuring or gauging
    • Y10T29/49776—Pressure, force, or weight determining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
    • Y10T29/4994—Radially expanding internal tube
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53039—Means to assemble or disassemble with control means energized in response to activator stimulated by condition sensor
    • Y10T29/53061—Responsive to work or work-related machine element
    • Y10T29/53065—Responsive to work or work-related machine element with means to fasten by deformation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the rotationally fixed connection of a hollow shaft with at least one part arranged on the shaft, in which the part is brought onto the shaft with a joining play and is fastened on the shaft in a certain position by lifting the joining play.
  • the invention was therefore the object of providing a simple and inexpensive way to secure parts such as cams, discs, gears and the like securely, in particular secured against rotation on shafts. It solves this problem in the manner stated in the characterizing part of claim 1 and with the device characterized in claim 4.
  • the expansion of a hollow shaft by means of a mandrel moved by the shaft is a deformation process that is manageable and easy to control.
  • the extent to which the hollow shaft has to be expanded in order to achieve the desired secure seating of the parts is generally small and therefore does not pose any problems in terms of work technology or material.
  • the widening can also be done in stages by moving several mandrels or one step mandrel with increasingly larger widening diameters through the hollow shaft.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the material can relax after a shaping process before the next stretching process follows. In this way, the risk of structural damage can be avoided.
  • the mandrel can be pushed through the shaft, but it is preferred to pull it.
  • the cross section of the hollow shaft is circular inside and outside, as is the bore of a part to be fastened on the shaft.
  • the contours of these parts which come into engagement with one another can, however, also have non-round, for example oval or polygonal and also matching or slightly different cross sections.
  • a particularly secure fit of a part to be fastened on the hollow shaft is achieved if the bore of this part has a profile, for example in the form of a toothing, into which the material displaced when the hollow shaft is expanded flows and thus a positive connection between the part and the shaft.
  • a device suitable for carrying out the method mentioned is shown schematically by way of example.
  • the figure shows the device when expanding a hollow shaft in longitudinal section through the same.
  • cams are selected; it is understood that the method and the device can also be used to fasten other types of parts.
  • cams 2 On a hollow shaft 1, three cams 2 are lined up and held in the intended position along the shaft and in the angular position relative to the shaft by brackets (not shown). In the initial state, the cams 2 have a joint play 3 with the shaft, which allows them to be lined up. The face of the shaft 1 abuts a fixed stop 4.
  • a piston-shaped mandrel 5 is fastened to a pull rod 6, the annular groove 7 of which can be coupled to the piston rod 10 of a hydraulic working element 11 at its end facing away from the mandrel via pawls 8 of a driving head 9.
  • the outer diameter of the mandrel 5 is greater than the clear width of the hollow shaft 1 by at least the joint play 3 between the shaft 1 and the cams 2.
  • the mandrel 5 passes with a cone 12 from the pull rod 6 to its outer diameter.
  • the mandrel 5 has already been pulled so far through the hollow shaft 1 and has deformed it so that it not only removes the joint play 3 between the first cam 2, but also produces an interference fit between the shaft and cam with such high surface pressure has been that the cam is attached to the shaft with the holding force required for its proper function. At the Pulling the mandrel 5 through the entire length of the shaft 1 also fixes the other cams 2.
  • the mandrel 5 can be coupled by lifting the pawls 8 out of the annular groove 7 from the driving head 9 and, after inserting its pull rod 6 through the next hollow shaft to be machined, can be coupled again to the driving head.
  • the parameters joint play 3 difference between the outer diameter of the mandrel 5 and the inside width of the hollow shaft 1, modulus of elasticity of the material of the shaft 1 and the cams 2, and the required holding force of the cams on the shaft must of course be coordinated with one another.
  • a plurality of mandrels or a stepped mandrel can also be used in succession, the diameter of which or the diameter of the mandrel increase to the final dimension in the same or preferably decreasing stages.
  • the outer contours of the individual mandrels or steps can be different.
  • the cams 2 are achieved in circular, smooth bores. If the bores of the cams 2 have a profile, for example in the form of a toothing, the material of the shaft 1 displaced by the mandrel 5 is pressed into this profile and a positive fit is achieved with a substantially higher holding force.
  • the profile can be very coarse, for example, wave-shaped, and the mandrel 5 can have a corresponding profile, so that the material of the shaft can be pressed specifically into the valleys of the profile.
  • the required tensile force depends on several factors such as wall thickness of the hollow shaft 1, rigidity of the material of the shaft, slope of the cone 12 on the mandrel 5, pulling speed of the dome, etc. It is obvious that the resistance of the hollow shaft to the expansion and thus the tensile force will increase significantly at the places where a cam 2 sits on the shaft, since this cam hinders the expansion of the shaft.
  • the increase in tractive force at these points can be recorded and serve as an indicator of whether the desired firm seat of the cam has been reached.
  • a force measuring element for example in the form of a strain gauge 13 can be attached to the driver head 9, which absorbs the tensile force exerted and forwards it to a comparison device 14.
  • a linear scale 15 is also articulated on the driver head 9 and is scanned by a sensor 16 which is also connected to the comparison device 14.
  • the tensile force required for the desired holding force of a cam 2 on the hollow shaft 1 and the locations along the hollow shaft at which this tensile force must occur can be determined. These values can be given to the comparison device 14. It then compares in the following operations whether the specified values are reached and emits an error signal if this is not the case. This can occur, for example, if the bore of a cam is 2 oversize, the wall thickness of the hollow shaft may only be too small at the point in question, a cam may not be at the intended location or may be missing, etc.

Abstract

In order to secure components (2) like cams, pinions, discs, etc., rotationally fixedly on a hollow shaft (1), it is proposed, after the fitting of components with a small clearance (3) on the shaft, to expand the shaft by passing an expanding ram (5) through it and thus produce at least a force fit between the shaft and the components. A particularly firm bond can be obtained if the drillings in the components have a contour into which the shaft material force outwards by the expanding ram is pressed. The shaft can be expanded in steps if a ram with a stepped increase in its effective diameter or several rams of increasing diameters is/are used. The increase of the traction force exerted on the ram (5) can be sensed and used as an indicator allowing to know if the fitting desired for the components (2) has been reached.

Description

Verfahren zum drehfesten Anordnen von Teilen auf einer WelleMethod for the rotationally fixed arrangement of parts on a shaft
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum drehfesten Verbinden einer hohlen Welle mit mindestens einem auf der Welle angeord¬ neten Teil, bei dem das Teil mit Fügespiel auf die Welle gebracht und auf dieser in bestimmter Stellung durch Aufheben des Fügespiels befestigt wird.The invention relates to a method for the rotationally fixed connection of a hollow shaft with at least one part arranged on the shaft, in which the part is brought onto the shaft with a joining play and is fastened on the shaft in a certain position by lifting the joining play.
Es ist bekannt, bspw. Nocken auf Wellen durch Aufschrumpfen oder durch Aufweiten der rohrförmigen Welle zu befestigen. Zum Auf¬ schrumpfen (DE 33 01 749 A) kann ein erwärmter Nocken auf die Welle geschoben werden und schrumpft beim Abkühlen durch Zusam¬ menziehen auf dieser fest. Eine rohrförmige Welle kann durch Anlegen entsprechend hohen, fluidischen Innendruckes zur kraft¬ schlüssigen Anlage an die Bohrungen auf der Welle angeordneter Nocken aufgeweitet werden (DE 38 03 687 A).It is known, for example, to attach cams to shafts by shrinking or by expanding the tubular shaft. For shrinking (DE 33 01 749 A), a heated cam can be pushed onto the shaft and shrinks tightly as it cools down by contracting it. A tubular shaft can be widened by applying correspondingly high, fluidic internal pressure for non-positive contact with the bores of cams arranged on the shaft (DE 38 03 687 A).
Es ist: auch schon vorgeschlagen worden (DE 35 38 310 A) , eine Welle mit im Querschnitt unrunder Außenkon~ur zu verwenden, auf die Nocken mit entsprechend unrunder Innenkontur befestige werden. Das Befestigen der Nocken auf der Polygonwelle soll durch Verspannungen der Polygonform erfolgen, die durch Aufweiten der Polygcnflachen oder durch Zusammendrücker- der Poiygonschuiύern beim Aufschieben der Nocken und anschließendem Rückfedern des Polygonrohres bewirkt werden sollen.It has also already been proposed (DE 35 38 310 A) to use a shaft with an outer contour that is not round in cross section, to which cams with a correspondingly round inner contour are fastened. The cams are to be attached to the polygon shaft by tensioning the polygon shape, which is to be brought about by widening the polygons or by pressing together the polygons when pushing on the cams and then springing back of the polygon tube.
Des weiteren ist schon vorgeschlagen worden (DE 25 46 802 C) , den Sitz der Nocken unrund auszuführen und die Wand der rohrförmigen Welle durch Erzeugen hohen Druckes in deren Innenraum in die unrunden Sitze der Nocken hinein zu verformen. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß der Reibschluß, der für die Übertragung der beim Betrieb der Welle auftretenden Kräfte erforderlich ist, nicht stets mit der erforderlichen Sicherheit erreicht wird. Das Aufweiten einer rohrförmigen Welle durch Innendruck erfordert zum Aufbau des sehr hohen erforderlichen Druckes erhebliche Zeit, so daß die Taktzeit für diese Ferti¬ gungsweise und damit deren Kosten hoch sind.Furthermore, it has already been proposed (DE 25 46 802 C) to make the seat of the cams out of round and to deform the wall of the tubular shaft by generating high pressure in the interior thereof into the non-round seats of the cams. However, it has been shown that the frictional connection that is required for the transmission of the forces occurring during the operation of the shaft is not always achieved with the required security. The expansion of a tubular shaft by internal pressure requires considerable time to build up the very high pressure required, so that the cycle time for this method of manufacture and thus its costs are high.
Der Erfindung war daher die Aufgabe gestellt, eine einfache und wohlfeile Möglichkeit anzugeben, Teile wie Nocken, Scheiben, Zahnräder und dergleichen sicher, insbesondere gegen Verdrehen gesichert auf Wellen zu befestigen. Sie löst diese Aufgabe auf die'im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 genannte Weise und mit der in Anspruch 4 gekennzeichneten Vorrichtung.The invention was therefore the object of providing a simple and inexpensive way to secure parts such as cams, discs, gears and the like securely, in particular secured against rotation on shafts. It solves this problem in the manner stated in the characterizing part of claim 1 and with the device characterized in claim 4.
Das Aufweiten einer hohlen Welle mittels eines durch die Welle bewegten Dornes ist ein verformungstechnischer Vorgang, der überschaubar und gut beherrschbar ist. Das Maß, um das die hohle Welle aufgeweitet werden muß, um den angestrebten sicheren Sitz der Teile zu erzielen, ist in der Regel gering und stellt daher weder arbeitstechnisch, noch materialmäßig Probleme. In Grenz¬ fällen kann das Aufweiten auch in Stufen erfolgen, indem nach¬ einander mehrere Dorne oder ein Stufendorn mit zunehmend größeren Aufweitedurchmessern durch die hohle Welle bewegt werden. Mit dieser Ausführungsform ist der Vorteil verbunden, daß sich das Material nach einem Verformvorgang entspannen kann, bevor der nächste Dehnvorgang folgt. Auf diese Weise kann die Gefahr von Gefügeschäden vermieden werden.The expansion of a hollow shaft by means of a mandrel moved by the shaft is a deformation process that is manageable and easy to control. The extent to which the hollow shaft has to be expanded in order to achieve the desired secure seating of the parts is generally small and therefore does not pose any problems in terms of work technology or material. In borderline cases the widening can also be done in stages by moving several mandrels or one step mandrel with increasingly larger widening diameters through the hollow shaft. This embodiment has the advantage that the material can relax after a shaping process before the next stretching process follows. In this way, the risk of structural damage can be avoided.
Der Dorn kann durch die Welle geschoben werden, bevorzugt ist aber vorgesehen, ihn zu ziehen.The mandrel can be pushed through the shaft, but it is preferred to pull it.
In der Regel ist die hohle Welle im Querschnitt innen und außen ebenso wie die Bohrung eines auf der Welle zu befestigenden Teiles kreisrund. Die miteinander in Eingriff kommenden Konturen dieser Teile können jedoch auch unrunden, bspw. ovalen oder vieleckigen und auch übereinstimmenden oder in geringem Maße von einander abweichenden Querschnitt aufweisen. Ein besonders sicherer Sitz eines auf der hohlen Welle zu befe¬ stigenden Teiles wird dann ereiσht, wenn die Bohrung dieses Teiles eine Profilierung bspw. in Form einer Verzahnung aufweist, in die das beim Aufweiten der hohlen Welle verdrängte Material hineinfließt und so eine formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Teil und der Welle bewirkt.As a rule, the cross section of the hollow shaft is circular inside and outside, as is the bore of a part to be fastened on the shaft. The contours of these parts which come into engagement with one another can, however, also have non-round, for example oval or polygonal and also matching or slightly different cross sections. A particularly secure fit of a part to be fastened on the hollow shaft is achieved if the bore of this part has a profile, for example in the form of a toothing, into which the material displaced when the hollow shaft is expanded flows and thus a positive connection between the part and the shaft.
In der Figur der Zeichnung ist eine zur Durchführung des ge¬ nannten Verfahrens geeignete Vorrichtung beispielshalber und schematisch dargestellt. Die Figur zeigt die Vorrichtung beim Aufweiten einer hohlen Welle im Längsschnitt durch dieselbe. Als auf der Welle zu befestigende Teile sind Nocken gewählt, es versteht sich, daß das Verfahren und die Vorrichtung auch zum Befestigen andersartiger Teile dienen kann.In the figure of the drawing, a device suitable for carrying out the method mentioned is shown schematically by way of example. The figure shows the device when expanding a hollow shaft in longitudinal section through the same. As parts to be fastened on the shaft, cams are selected; it is understood that the method and the device can also be used to fasten other types of parts.
Auf einer hohlen Welle 1 sind drei Nocken 2 aufgereiht und durch nicht näher dargestellte Halterungen in der vorgesehenen Stellung längs der Welle und in Winkelstellung zur Welle gehalten. Die Nocken 2 weisen im Ausgangszustand Fügespiel 3 zur Welle auf, das das Aufreihen erlaubt. Die Welle 1 liegt mit ihrer Stirnseite an einem ortsfesten Anschlag 4 an.On a hollow shaft 1, three cams 2 are lined up and held in the intended position along the shaft and in the angular position relative to the shaft by brackets (not shown). In the initial state, the cams 2 have a joint play 3 with the shaft, which allows them to be lined up. The face of the shaft 1 abuts a fixed stop 4.
Ein kolbenförmiger Dorn 5 ist an einer Zugstange 6 befestigt, deren Ringnut 7 an ihrem dem Dorn abgekehrten Ende über Klinken 8 eines Mitnehmerkopfes 9 mit der Kolbenstange 10 eines hydrau¬ lischen Arbeitselementes 11 kuppelbar ist.A piston-shaped mandrel 5 is fastened to a pull rod 6, the annular groove 7 of which can be coupled to the piston rod 10 of a hydraulic working element 11 at its end facing away from the mandrel via pawls 8 of a driving head 9.
Der äußere Durchmesser des Dorns 5 ist um mindestens das Fügespiel 3 zwischen der Welle 1 und den Nocken 2 größer als die lichte Weite der hohlen Welle 1. Der Dorn 5 geht mit einem Konus 12 von der Zugstange 6 auf seinen Außendurchmesser über.The outer diameter of the mandrel 5 is greater than the clear width of the hollow shaft 1 by at least the joint play 3 between the shaft 1 and the cams 2. The mandrel 5 passes with a cone 12 from the pull rod 6 to its outer diameter.
In der Darstellung wurde der Dorn 5 bereits so weit durch die hohle Welle 1 gezogen und hat sie aufweitend bleibend so weit verformt, daß nicht nur das Fügespiel 3 zwischen dem ersten Nocken 2 aufgehoben, sondern auch Preßsitz zwischen Welle und Nocken mit so hoher Flächenpressung hergestellt worden ist, daß der Nocken mit der für seine ordnungsgemäße Funktion erforder¬ lichen Haltekraft auf der Welle befestigt ist. Beim Hindurchziehen des Dorns 5 durch die ganze Länge der Welle 1 werden so auch die anderen Nocken 2 befestigt.In the illustration, the mandrel 5 has already been pulled so far through the hollow shaft 1 and has deformed it so that it not only removes the joint play 3 between the first cam 2, but also produces an interference fit between the shaft and cam with such high surface pressure has been that the cam is attached to the shaft with the holding force required for its proper function. At the Pulling the mandrel 5 through the entire length of the shaft 1 also fixes the other cams 2.
Danach kann der Dorn 5 durch Ausheben der Klinken 8 aus der Ringnut 7 vom Mitnehmerkopf 9 angekuppelt und nach Durchstecken seiner Zugstange 6 durch die nächste zu bearbeitende hohle Welle wieder mit dem Mitnehmerkopf gekuppelt werden.Then the mandrel 5 can be coupled by lifting the pawls 8 out of the annular groove 7 from the driving head 9 and, after inserting its pull rod 6 through the next hollow shaft to be machined, can be coupled again to the driving head.
Insbesondere die Parameter Fügespiel 3, Differenz zwischen Außendurchmesser des Dorns 5 und lichter Weite der hohlen Welle 1, E-Modul des Materials der Welle 1 und der Nocken 2, und erforderliche Haltekraft der Nocken auf der Welle müssen selbst¬ verständlich aufeinander abgestimmt werden.In particular, the parameters joint play 3, difference between the outer diameter of the mandrel 5 and the inside width of the hollow shaft 1, modulus of elasticity of the material of the shaft 1 and the cams 2, and the required holding force of the cams on the shaft must of course be coordinated with one another.
In Abänderung der dargestellten Ausführungsform können auch aufeinanderfolgend mehrere Dorne oder ein Stufendorn eingesetzt werden, deren bzw. dessen Durchmesser in gleichen oder vorzugs¬ weise abnehmenden Stufen auf das endgültige Maß ansteigen. Dabei können die Außenkonturen der einzelnen Dorne bzw. Stufen unter¬ schiedlich sein.In a modification of the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of mandrels or a stepped mandrel can also be used in succession, the diameter of which or the diameter of the mandrel increase to the final dimension in the same or preferably decreasing stages. The outer contours of the individual mandrels or steps can be different.
Durch das Aufweiten der Welle 1 wird in kreisrunden, glatten Bohrungen der Nocken 2 Kraftschluß erzielt. Wenn die Bohrungen der Nocken 2 eine Profilierung bspw. in Form einer Verzahnung ausweisen, wird das durch den Dorn 5 verdrängte Material der Welle 1 in diese Profilierung hinein gedrückt und es wird Form¬ schluß mit wesentlich höherer Haltekraft erreicht. Dabei kann die Profilierung sehr grob, bspw. wellenförmig sein und der Dorn 5 kann eine entsprechende Profilierung aufweisen, so daß das Material der Welle gezielt in die Täler der Profilierung gedrückt werden kann.By expanding the shaft 1, the cams 2 are achieved in circular, smooth bores. If the bores of the cams 2 have a profile, for example in the form of a toothing, the material of the shaft 1 displaced by the mandrel 5 is pressed into this profile and a positive fit is achieved with a substantially higher holding force. The profile can be very coarse, for example, wave-shaped, and the mandrel 5 can have a corresponding profile, so that the material of the shaft can be pressed specifically into the valleys of the profile.
Für das Hindurchziehen des Dornes 5 durch die hohle Weile I ist eine erhebliche Zugkraft erforderlich, die vorteilhaft mittels des hydraulischen Arbeitslementes 11 aufgebracht werden kann. Selbstverständlich sind auch Arbeitselemente anderer Art wie etwa Gewindespindeln einsetzbar. - oA considerable tensile force is required for pulling the mandrel 5 through the hollow shaft I, which can advantageously be applied by means of the hydraulic working element 11. Of course, other types of work elements such as threaded spindles can also be used. - o
Die erforderliche Zugkraft hängt von mehreren Faktoren ab wie Wanddicke der hohlen Welle 1, Steifigkeit des Materials der Welle, Steigung des Kegels 12 am Dorn 5, Zuggeschwindigkeit des Domes u.a. Es ist offensichtlich, daß sich der Widerstand der hohlen Welle gegen das Aufweiten und damit die Zugkraft an den Stellen deutlich erhöhen wird, an denen ein Nocken 2 auf der Welle sitzt, da dieser Nocken das Aufweiten der Welle behindert.The required tensile force depends on several factors such as wall thickness of the hollow shaft 1, rigidity of the material of the shaft, slope of the cone 12 on the mandrel 5, pulling speed of the dome, etc. It is obvious that the resistance of the hollow shaft to the expansion and thus the tensile force will increase significantly at the places where a cam 2 sits on the shaft, since this cam hinders the expansion of the shaft.
Der Anstieg der Zugkraft an diesen Stellen kann erfaßt werden und als Indikator dafür dienen, ob der angestrebte feste Sitz des Nockens erreicht worden ist.The increase in tractive force at these points can be recorded and serve as an indicator of whether the desired firm seat of the cam has been reached.
Hierfür kann am Mitnehmerkopf 9 ein Kraftmeßglied bspw. in Form eines Dehnungsmeßstreifens 13 angebracht sein, das die ausgeübte Zugkraft aufnimmt und an eine Vergleichsvorrichtung 14 weiter¬ leitet. Am Mitnehmerkopf 9 ist ferner ein Linearmaßstab 15 angelenkt, der durch einen ebenfalls mit der Vergleichsvorrich¬ tung 14 verbundenen Sensor 16 abgetastet wird.For this purpose, a force measuring element, for example in the form of a strain gauge 13, can be attached to the driver head 9, which absorbs the tensile force exerted and forwards it to a comparison device 14. A linear scale 15 is also articulated on the driver head 9 and is scanned by a sensor 16 which is also connected to the comparison device 14.
In einem ersten Durchgang kann die für die angestrebte Haltekraft eines Nockens 2 auf der hohlen Welle 1 erforderliche Zugkraft und die Orte längs der hohlen Welle ermittelt werden, an der diese Zugkraft auftreten muß. Diese Werte können der Vergleichsvor¬ richtung 14 aufgegeben werden. Sie vergleicht dann in den fol¬ genden Arbeitsgängen, ob die vorgegebenen Werte erreicht werden und gibt ein Fehlersignal ab, wenn dies nicht der Fall ist. Dies kann bspw. vorkommen, wenn die Bohrung eines Nockens 2 Übermaß aufweist, die Wandstärke der hohlen Welle eventuell nur an der betreffenden Stelle zu gering ist, ein Nocken nicht an der vorgesehnen Stelle sitzt oder ganz fehlt usw.In a first run, the tensile force required for the desired holding force of a cam 2 on the hollow shaft 1 and the locations along the hollow shaft at which this tensile force must occur can be determined. These values can be given to the comparison device 14. It then compares in the following operations whether the specified values are reached and emits an error signal if this is not the case. This can occur, for example, if the bore of a cam is 2 oversize, the wall thickness of the hollow shaft may only be too small at the point in question, a cam may not be at the intended location or may be missing, etc.
Es versteht sich, daß auch der Einsatz anderer Arten von Me߬ wertaufnehmern bspw. von Kraftmeßdosen oder von Weggebern und das Anordnen derselben an anderen Stellen, bspw. an der Verankerung des Arbeitselementes 11 oder am festen Anschlag 4 möglich sind. BezugszahlenlisteIt is understood that the use of other types of measuring ¬ example wertaufnehmern. Of load cells or by displacement sensors and placing the same in other places, for example. To the anchoring of the working element 11 or on the fixed stopper 4 are possible. List of reference numbers
1 hohle Welle1 hollow shaft
2 Nocken2 cams
3 Fügespiel3 joining game
4 Anschlag4 stop
5 Dorn5 thorn
6 Zugstange6 tie rod
7 Ringnut7 ring groove
8 Klinken8 jacks
9 Mitnehmerkopf9 drive head
10 Kolbenstange10 piston rod
11 hydraulisches Arbeitselement11 hydraulic working element
12 Konus12 cone
13 Dehnungsmeßstreifen13 strain gauges
14 Vergleichsvorrichtung14 comparison device
15 Linearmaßstab15 linear scale
16 Sensor 16 sensor

Claims

Verfahren zum drehfesten Anordnen von Teilen auf einer WellePatentansprüche Process for the non-rotatable arrangement of parts on a shaft
1. Verfahren zum drehfesten Verbinden einer hohlen Welle mit mindestens einem auf der Welle angeordneten Teil, bei dem das Teil mit Fügespiel auf die Welle aufgefädelt und auf dieser in bestimmter Stellung durch Aufheben des Fügespiels befestigt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fügespiel (3) durch Aufweiten der hohlen Welle (1) aufgehoben wird, indem mindestens ein Dorn (5) mit größerem Durchmesser als die lichte Weite der Welle durch diese bewegt wird.1. A process for the rotationally fixed connection of a hollow shaft with at least one part arranged on the shaft, in which the part is threaded onto the shaft with a fitting play and is fastened to the shaft in a certain position by lifting the fitting play, characterized in that the fitting play (3) is canceled by expanding the hollow shaft (1) by moving at least one mandrel (5) with a larger diameter than the clear width of the shaft.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dorn (5) durch die Welle (1) gezogen wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mandrel (5) is pulled through the shaft (1).
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß minde¬ stens zwei Dorne (5) mit jeweils größerem Außendurchmesser nacheinander durch die Welle (1) gezogen werden.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two mandrels (5), each with a larger outer diameter, are successively pulled through the shaft (1).
4. Vorrichtung zum drehfesten Verbinden einer hohlen Welle mit mindestens einem auf der Welle angeordneten Teil, bei dem das Teil mit Fügespiel auf die Welle aufgefädelt und auf dieser in bestimmter Stellung durch Aufheben des Fügespiels befestigt wird, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens einen durch die Welle (i) beweg¬ baren Dorn (5) mit größerem Außendurchmesser als die lichte Weite der Welle.4. Apparatus for the rotationally fixed connection of a hollow shaft with at least one part arranged on the shaft, in which the part is threaded onto the shaft with joining play and is fastened thereon in a certain position by lifting the joining play, characterized by at least one through the shaft (i ) Move ¬ cash mandrel (5) having a larger outside diameter than the inside diameter of the shaft.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Außendurchmesser des Dorns (5) in der Bewegungsrichtung desselben durch die Welle (1) kegelig ansteigt. 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the A ußendurchmesser of the mandrel in the moving direction thereof by the shaft (1) increases conically (5).
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dorn (5) durch die Welle (1) ziehbar ist.6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the mandrel (5) through the shaft (1) is pullable.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bewegungseinrichtung (6, 9, 11) des Dornes (5) eine Kraftmeßein¬ richtung (13) und eine Wegmeßeinrichtung (15, 16) zugeordnet sind, die mit einer Vergleichvorrichtung (14) verbunden sind, in der das Erreichen von vorgegebenen Schub- oder Zugkräften beim Bewegen des Dornes an vorgegebenen Stellen entlang seines Bewe¬ gungsweges durch die hohle Welle (1) erfaßbar ist. 7. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the movement device (6, 9, 11) of the mandrel (5) a Kraftmeßein¬ direction (13) and a displacement measuring device (15, 16) are associated with a comparison device (14) are connected, in which the achievement of predetermined thrust or tensile forces when moving the mandrel at predetermined points along its path of movement can be detected by the hollow shaft (1).
EP97927056A 1996-06-26 1997-05-28 Process for fitting components rotationally fixedly on a shaft Expired - Lifetime EP0912269B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19625555 1996-06-26
DE19625555A DE19625555C2 (en) 1996-06-26 1996-06-26 Method and device for the rotationally fixed connection of a hollow shaft with at least one part arranged on the shaft
PCT/EP1997/002752 WO1997049511A1 (en) 1996-06-26 1997-05-28 Process for fitting components rotationally fixedly on a shaft

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0912269A1 true EP0912269A1 (en) 1999-05-06
EP0912269B1 EP0912269B1 (en) 2000-01-26

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97927056A Expired - Lifetime EP0912269B1 (en) 1996-06-26 1997-05-28 Process for fitting components rotationally fixedly on a shaft

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US6125537A (en)
EP (1) EP0912269B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2000512555A (en)
KR (1) KR100317837B1 (en)
BR (1) BR9709986A (en)
DE (2) DE19625555C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2143869T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1997049511A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59701073D1 (en) 2000-03-02
BR9709986A (en) 1999-08-10
WO1997049511A1 (en) 1997-12-31
DE19625555C2 (en) 1999-08-05
KR20000022160A (en) 2000-04-25
ES2143869T3 (en) 2000-05-16
KR100317837B1 (en) 2002-06-20
US6125537A (en) 2000-10-03
JP2000512555A (en) 2000-09-26
DE19625555A1 (en) 1998-01-02
EP0912269B1 (en) 2000-01-26

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