EP0907260B1 - Device for receiving and transmitting high frequency signals - Google Patents

Device for receiving and transmitting high frequency signals Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0907260B1
EP0907260B1 EP98401647A EP98401647A EP0907260B1 EP 0907260 B1 EP0907260 B1 EP 0907260B1 EP 98401647 A EP98401647 A EP 98401647A EP 98401647 A EP98401647 A EP 98401647A EP 0907260 B1 EP0907260 B1 EP 0907260B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
cable
signal
cables
coupling points
ahf
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EP98401647A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0907260A3 (en
EP0907260A2 (en
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Mark Dipl.-Ing. Davies
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/203—Leaky coaxial lines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for transmission, radiation and reception of high-frequency signals, consisting of a system connected to a transmitting and receiving device comprising at least one suitable for guiding electromagnetic waves high-frequency component and a parallel to the same, first signal cable is constructed, in which the signal cable is connected in each case at intervals arranged at coupling points with the high-frequency component in a manner suitable for guiding the high-frequency signals manner ( Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Tunnel Control and Communication, 28th to 30th November 1994, pages 181 to 192 ).
  • NBS tunnel radio for customer services.
  • Technical Alternatives and System Description J. Leinweber, Signal + Thr. 6, June 1990 "describes two completely different technical solutions for the construction of a tunnel radio system: a slot planing system suspended from the tunnel walls and a 40 GHz radio relay network with digital transmission.
  • the information is transmitted in each case with low loss via the two signal cables.
  • Information coming from the transmitter is fed into the AHF cable at the adjustable power coupling points, so that RF signals of sufficiently high level can always be received along the same.
  • the Range of transmission can be significantly increased without the use of repeaters, even if in the course of the transmission line a larger number of coupling points between the AHF cable and the two signal cables is present.
  • the functionality of the transmission path is safer. Even if one of the signal cables is damaged or destroyed, the functionality of the system is maintained because the AHF cable continues to be connected to the transmitter and receiver via the other signal cable. This increased security is achieved in a very simple manner.
  • Each of the two signal cables is namely continuously connected to every other coupling point. The equipment costs and the structure of the coupling points therefore remain unchanged. Only a second signal cable is needed.
  • Each of the two signal cables supplies, in cooperation with its associated coupling points, sections of the AHF cable, in both directions of transmission.
  • both signal cables are functional - fed from two different coupling points signals in each leg of the AHF cable.
  • signals received by the AHF cable also run into two coupling points delimiting the respective part of the same.
  • AHF cable is subdivided in a manner known per se into sections which are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction, a coupling point is assigned to each section.
  • the subdivision of the AHF cable can be made, for example, to safely avoid interference.
  • a signal cable or the associated part of the transmitting and receiving device must then be ensured that the sections are automatically interconnected. This can be done according to the DE 195 03 744 A1
  • equipped with a switch components are used, which are controllable by a pilot signal of the transmitting and receiving device.
  • an AHF cable 1 and a parallel thereto extending signal system 2 to a transmitting and receiving device 3 are connected, which has a transmitter S and a receiver E. and can be equipped with an antenna 4.
  • the signal system 2 is according to Fig. 2 from two signal cables 5 and 6, via which RF signals are transmitted with low loss.
  • the two fiber optic cables 5 and 6 are connected to coupling points K1 to Kn with the AHF cable 1, in a manner suitable for guiding RF signals.
  • "n" is an integer, even number.
  • electro / optical converters are available, which are known per se and therefore not shown. In this manner and RF signals can be transmitted from the transmitting and receiving device 3 to the antenna of a vehicle moving along the AHF cable 1 or even a portable radio and vice versa.
  • the AHF cable 1 and the two fiber optic cables 5 and 6 are expedient spatially separated from each other.
  • the two fiber optic cables 5 and 6 have a large spatial distance from each other. They may advantageously be attached to the two opposite walls of the tunnel T.
  • fiber optic cables 5 and 6 can also be mounted in different tunnels. It is then prevented with great certainty that both fiber optic cables 5 and 6 can be damaged at the same time. The functionality of the arrangement is thereby ensured even if one of the fiber optic cables 5 or 6 is damaged.
  • the RF signals are routed from the other fiber optic cable 5 or 6.
  • both fiber optic cables 5 and 6 are connected to the coupling points K1 to Kn with the AHF cable 1, and accordingly Fig. 2 alternately.
  • the fiber-optic cable 5 is connected to the odd-numbered coupling points K1, K3, K5 .... Kn ⁇ 1 to the AHF cable 1.
  • the even-numbered coupling points K2, K4, K6 Vietnamese Kn are provided.
  • the count starts accordingly Fig. 2 at the transmitting and receiving device 3, and without interruption.
  • the structure of the coupling points K1 to Kn remains unchanged compared to an arrangement with only one fiber optic cable. For the increased security of the arrangement so only the second fiber optic cable is needed.
  • the fiber optic cable 5 or its associated part of the transmitting and receiving device 3 fails, the functionality of the arrangement is maintained by the optical fiber cable 6.
  • the coming of the transmitting and receiving device 3 RF signals are now fed only via the even coupling points K2 to Kn in the AHF cable 1. This is sufficient with proper sizing but to ensure a sufficiently high reception level along the AHF cable 1. It also remains ensured that RF signals fed into the AHF cable 1 reach the transmitting and receiving device 3.
  • the AHF cable 1 according to Fig. 3 be divided into sections A, which are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction.
  • each section A is one of the coupling points K1 to Kn attached, preferably symmetrically.
  • switching elements 7 are arranged, through which the sections A can optionally be interconnected. This is required if one of the fiber optic cables 5 or 6 fails.
  • Such a structure of the arrangement is based in principle from the DE 195 03 744 A1 out.
  • the pilot signal no longer arrives in case of failure of one of the optical fiber cables 5 or 6 or of the associated part of the transmitting and receiving device 3 in a receiver 8 or 9 of the switching element 7, this is detected by the associated evaluation unit 10. From the corresponding sections A of the AHF cable 1 then no RF signal could be received and it could also be forwarded no RF signal. By the evaluation unit 10, the switches 11 are then immediately closed, so that in each case a conductive connection between the two connected to the switching element 7 Sections of the AHF cable 1 is made. The arrangement is then fully functional as shown above.

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  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Übertragung, zur Abstrahlung und zum Empfang von Hochfrequenz-Signalen, bestehend aus einem an eine Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung angeschlossenen System, das aus mindestens einem zur Führung elektromagnetischer Wellen geeigneten Hochfrequenz-Bauteil sowie aus einem parallel zu demselben verlaufenden, ersten Signalkabel aufgebaut ist, bei welcher das Signalkabel jeweils an in Abständen angeordneten Koppelstellen mit dem Hochfrequenz-Bauteil in einer zur Führung der Hochfrequenz-Signale geeigneten Art und Weise verbunden ist ( Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Tunnel Control and Communication, 28. bis 30. November 1994, Seiten 181 bis 192 ).The invention relates to an arrangement for transmission, radiation and reception of high-frequency signals, consisting of a system connected to a transmitting and receiving device comprising at least one suitable for guiding electromagnetic waves high-frequency component and a parallel to the same, first signal cable is constructed, in which the signal cable is connected in each case at intervals arranged at coupling points with the high-frequency component in a manner suitable for guiding the high-frequency signals manner ( Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Tunnel Control and Communication, 28th to 30th November 1994, pages 181 to 192 ).

Derartige Anordnungen werden beispielsweise im Rahmen von Mobilfunksystemen dort eingesetzt, wo eine Nachrichtenverbindung zwischen einer Feststation und einer ortsveränderlichen ,,Station" gewünscht wird. Ein spezielles Einsatzgebiet sind beispielsweise Tunnelstrecken, In denen eine drahtlose Funkübertragung nicht oder nur eingeschränkt möglich ist. Als "Hochfrequenz-Bauteil" wird bei solchen Anordnungen beispielsweise ein abstrahlendes Hochfrequenz-Kabel verwendet, im folgenden "AHF-Kabel" genannt. Das AHF-Kabel kann einteilig ausgeführt, aber auch in Abschnitte unterteilt sein.Such arrangements are used, for example, in the context of mobile radio systems where a communication link between a base station and a mobile "station" is desired. In such arrangements, for example, a radiating high-frequency cable is used, hereinafter referred to as "AHF cable." The AHF cable can be made in one piece, but also divided into sections.

Wegen der abstrahlenden Eigenschaft eines AHF-Kabels kann an jeder Stelle desselben Hochfrequenz(HF)-Energie mittels geeigneter Antennen empfangen oder in dasselbe eingekoppelt werden. Durch diese Ausbildung des Außenleiters werden die HF-Signale allerdings stark gedämpft. Bei längeren Tunnelstrecken müssen daher Zwischenverstärker in das AHF-Kabel eingebaut werden, die den einwandfreien Empfang von HF-Signalen entlang der gesamten Übertragungsstrecke gewährleisten.Because of the radiating nature of an AHF cable, high frequency (RF) energy can be received at any point of the same by means of suitable antennas or into the same be coupled. However, this training of the outer conductor, the RF signals are strongly attenuated. For longer tunnels, therefore, repeaters must be installed in the AHF cable to ensure the correct reception of RF signals along the entire transmission path.

Bei der bekannten Anordnung nach der eingangs erwähnten Druckschrift "Proceedings ..." sind derartige Zwischenverstärker nicht erforderlich. Das hier eingesetzte AHF-Kabel ist in Abschnitte unterteilt, die in Längsrichtung nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Die Abschnitte des AHF-Kabels werden in Abständen paarweise mit dem als optisches Kabel ausgeführten Signalkabel verbunden, und zwar unter Zwischenschaltung von elektro/optischen Wandlern. In den Koppelstellen sind außerdem Verstärker untergebracht, durch welche Senden und Empfang der HF-Signale entlang der beiden jeweils angeschlossenen Abschnitte des AHF-Kabels sichergestellt ist. Diese bekannte Anordnung benötigt viele Einzelteile der Übertragungsstrecke und insbesondere viele aktive Komponenten. Eine Beschädigung der Einzelteile oder ein Ausfall von Komponenten führt zu einer empfindlichen Störung der Signalübertragung. Sie ist dann vollständig unterbrochen, wenn das Signalkabel beschädigt bzw. durchtrennt wird oder wenn die Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung ausfällt.In the known arrangement according to the above-mentioned document "Proceedings ..." such repeaters are not required. The AHF cable used here is divided into sections, which are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction. The sections of the AHF cable are connected in pairs at intervals to the signal cable designed as an optical cable, with the interposition of electro / optical transducers. In the coupling points also amplifiers are housed, by which transmission and reception of the RF signals along the two respectively connected sections of the AHF cable is ensured. This known arrangement requires many individual parts of the transmission path and in particular many active components. Damage to individual parts or failure of components leads to a sensitive interference of the signal transmission. It is then completely interrupted if the signal cable is damaged or severed or if the transmitting and receiving device fails.

Druckschrift " NBS-Tunnelfunk für Kundendienste. Technische Alternativen und Systembeschreibung, J. Leinweber, Signal+Droht No. 6, Juni 1990 " beschreibt zwei völlig unterschiedliche technische Lösungen für den Aufbau eines Tunnelfunksystems. Ein Schlitzkobelsystem, aufgehängt an den Tunnelwandungen und ein Richtfunknetz im Frequenzbereich 40 GHz mit digitaler Übertragung.Publication " NBS tunnel radio for customer services. Technical Alternatives and System Description, J. Leinweber, Signal + Thr. 6, June 1990 "describes two completely different technical solutions for the construction of a tunnel radio system: a slot planing system suspended from the tunnel walls and a 40 GHz radio relay network with digital transmission.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Anordnung zur Übertragung, zur Abstrahlung und zum Empfang von Hochfrequenz-Signalen so weiterzubilden, daß das System mit dem abstrahlenden Hochfrequenz-Kabel auch bei einer Beschädigung des Signalkabels funktionsfähig bleibt.The invention has the object of developing the arrangement for transmission, radiation and reception of high-frequency signals so that the system with the radiating high-frequency cable remains functional even if the signal cable is damaged.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst.

  • daß parallel zu dem AHF-Kabel und mit wesentlichem räumlichem Abstand zu dem ersten Signalkabel ein zweites Signalkabel angeordnet ist, das ebenfalls an die Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung angeschlossen ist, und
  • daß die beiden Signalkabel abwechselnd derart mit dem AHF-Kabel verbunden sind, daß das eine Signalkabel mit allen geradzahligen Koppelstellen und das andere Signalkabel mit allen ungeradzahligen Koppelstellen verbunden ist, mit von der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung ausgehender, ununterbrochener ganzzahliger Zählung.
This object is achieved according to the invention.
  • that is arranged parallel to the AHF cable and with a substantial spatial distance from the first signal cable, a second signal cable, which is also connected to the transmitting and receiving device, and
  • in that the two signal cables are alternately connected to the AHF cable such that one signal cable is connected to all even coupling points and the other signal cable is connected to all odd coupling points, with continuous integer counting emanating from the transmitting and receiving device.

In dieser Anordnung werden die Informationen jeweils verlustarm über die beiden Signalkabel übertragen. Vom Sender kommende Informationen werden an den Koppelstellen mit einstellbarer Leistung in das AHF-Kabel eingespeist, so daß entlang desselben stets HF-Signale mit ausreichend hohem Pegel empfangen werden können. Die Reichweite der Übertragung kann dadurch ohne den Einsatz von Zwischenverstärkern wesentlich erhöht werden, auch wenn im Verlauf der Übertragungsstrecke eine größere Anzahl von Koppelstellen zwischen dem AHF-Kabel und den beiden Signalkabeln vorhanden ist. Das alles gilt analog auch für in das AHF-Kabel eingespeiste HF-Signale eines Fahrzeugs oder eines tragbaren Funkgeräts.In this arrangement, the information is transmitted in each case with low loss via the two signal cables. Information coming from the transmitter is fed into the AHF cable at the adjustable power coupling points, so that RF signals of sufficiently high level can always be received along the same. The Range of transmission can be significantly increased without the use of repeaters, even if in the course of the transmission line a larger number of coupling points between the AHF cable and the two signal cables is present. The same applies analogously for HF signals of a vehicle or a portable radio device fed into the AHF cable.

Durch das zweite Signalkabel, das vom ersten Signalkabel einen ausreichend großen Abstand hat, wird die Funktionsfähigkeit der Übertragungsstrecke sicherer. Selbst wenn eines der Signalkabel beschädigt oder zerstört wird, bleibt die Funktionsfähigkeit des Systems erhalten, da das AHF-Kabel über das andere Signalkabel weiter mit der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung verbunden ist. Diese erhöhte Sicherheit wird auf sehr einfache Art und Weise erreicht. Jedes der beiden Signalkabel ist nämlich fortlaufend nur mit jeder zweiten Koppelstelle verbunden. Der Geräteaufwand und der Aufbau der Koppelstellen bleiben daher unverändert. Es wird nur ein zweites Signalkabel benötigt.By the second signal cable, which has a sufficiently large distance from the first signal cable, the functionality of the transmission path is safer. Even if one of the signal cables is damaged or destroyed, the functionality of the system is maintained because the AHF cable continues to be connected to the transmitter and receiver via the other signal cable. This increased security is achieved in a very simple manner. Each of the two signal cables is namely continuously connected to every other coupling point. The equipment costs and the structure of the coupling points therefore remain unchanged. Only a second signal cable is needed.

Jedes der beiden Signalkabel versorgt im Zusammenwirken mit den ihm zugeordneten Koppelstellen Teilstrecken des AHF-Kabels, und zwar in beiden Übertragungsrichtungen. Dabei werden - solange beide Signalkabel funktionsfähig sind - von zwei unterschiedlichen Koppelstellen Signale in jede Teilstrecke des AHF-Kabels eingespeist. In der anderen Übertragungsrichtung laufen vom AHF-Kabel empfangene Signale ebenfalls in zwei die jeweilige Teilstrecke desselben begrenzende Koppelstellen.Each of the two signal cables supplies, in cooperation with its associated coupling points, sections of the AHF cable, in both directions of transmission. Here are - as long as both signal cables are functional - fed from two different coupling points signals in each leg of the AHF cable. In the other transmission direction, signals received by the AHF cable also run into two coupling points delimiting the respective part of the same.

Bei richtiger Bemessung des Abstandes zwischen den Koppelstellen ist auch bei Ausfall eines der Signalkabel sichergestellt, daß die Teilstrecken des AHF-Kabels von den noch funktionsfähigen Koppelstellen aus versorgt werden. Das bedeutet, daß die Signale für eine Teilstrecke des AHF-Kabels jeweils von nur noch einer Koppelstelle so eingespeist werden, daß der Empfangspegel entlang dieser Teilstrecke auf ihrer ganzen Länge ausreichend hoch ist. Es bedeutet andererseits, daß vom AHF-Kabel empfangene Signale von demselben so verlustarm geführt werden, daß sie mit ausreichend hohem Pegel zu der jeweils einzigen Koppelstelle gelangen.With correct dimensioning of the distance between the coupling points is ensured even if one of the signal cable that the sections of the AHF cable are supplied by the still functioning coupling points. This means that the signals for a leg of the AHF cable are fed from only one coupling point so that the reception level along this part of the length is sufficiently high along its entire length. On the other hand, it means that signals received from the AHF cable are conducted by the latter in such a way that they reach the single coupling point with a sufficiently high level.

Wenn das AHF-Kabel in an sich bekannter Weise in Abschnitte unterteilt wird, die in Längsrichtung hintereinander angeordnet sind, wird jedem Abschnitt eine Koppelstelle zugeordnet. Die Unterteilung des AHF-Kabels kann beispielsweise zur sicheren Vermeidung von Interferenzen vorgenommen werden. Bei Ausfall eines Signalkabels bzw. des zugehörigen Teils der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung muß dann sichergestellt sein, daß die Abschnitte automatisch durchverbunden werden. Dazu können entsprechend der DE 195 03 744 A1 beispielweise mit einem Schalter ausgerüstete Bauteile verwendet werden, die durch ein Pilotsignal der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung steuerbar sind.If the AHF cable is subdivided in a manner known per se into sections which are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction, a coupling point is assigned to each section. The subdivision of the AHF cable can be made, for example, to safely avoid interference. In case of failure of a signal cable or the associated part of the transmitting and receiving device must then be ensured that the sections are automatically interconnected. This can be done according to the DE 195 03 744 A1 For example, equipped with a switch components are used, which are controllable by a pilot signal of the transmitting and receiving device.

Ausführungsbeispiele des Erfindungsgegenstandes sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt.Embodiments of the subject invention are illustrated in the drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 die Anordnung nach der Erfindung in schematischer Darstellung.
  • Fig. 2 die Anordnung nach Fig. 1 in ergänzter Form ebenfalls in schematischer Darstellung.
  • Fig. 3 eine Anordnung nach Fig. 2 in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform.
  • Fig. 4 eine Einzelheit der Anordnung nach Fig. 3 in vergrößerter Darstellung.
Show it:
  • Fig. 1 the arrangement according to the invention in a schematic representation.
  • Fig. 2 the arrangement after Fig. 1 in supplemented form also in a schematic representation.
  • Fig. 3 an arrangement after Fig. 2 in a modified embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 a detail of the arrangement Fig. 3 in an enlarged view.

Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Anordnung, die den prinzipiellen Aufbau einer in einem Tunnel T angeordneten Übertragungsstrecke ohne Einzelheiten zeigt, sind ein AHF-Kabel 1 und ein parallel zu demselben verlaufendes Signalsystem 2 an eine Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung 3 angeschlossen, die einen Sender S und einen Empfänger E aufweist und mit einer Antenne 4 ausgerüstet sein kann. Das Signalsystem 2 besteht gemäß Fig. 2 aus zwei Signalkabeln 5 und 6, über welche HF-Signale verlustarm übertragen werden.At the in Fig. 1 illustrated arrangement showing the basic structure of a arranged in a tunnel T transmission path without detail, an AHF cable 1 and a parallel thereto extending signal system 2 to a transmitting and receiving device 3 are connected, which has a transmitter S and a receiver E. and can be equipped with an antenna 4. The signal system 2 is according to Fig. 2 from two signal cables 5 and 6, via which RF signals are transmitted with low loss.

Die Signalkabel 5 und 6 können jeweils optische Kabel mit Lichtwellenleitern (LWL), koaxiale HF-Kabel mit geschlossenem Außenleiter oder auch Telefonkabel für Basisbandübertragung sein. In allen Fällen werden die HF-Signale verlustarm über die Signalkabel 5 und 6 übertragen. Bei Einsatz von LWL-Kabeln müssen in den Koppelstellen zwischen AHF-Kabel 1 und Signalkabeln 5 und 6 elektro/optische Wandler zwischengeschaltet werden. Diese entfallen bei Verwendung von HF-Kabeln oder von Telefonkabeln als Signalkabel 5 und 6. Im folgenden wird statt der Bezeichnung "Signalkabel 5 und 6" die Bezeichnung LWL-Kabel 5 und 6" verwendet, stellvertretend auch für die ebenfalls einsetzbaren koaxialen HF-Kabel bzw. Telefonkabel. Beide LWL-Kabel 5 und 6 sind mit der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung 3 verbunden, und zwar vorzugsweise getrennt voneinander. Die Anordnung ist insgesamt für bidirektionale Kommunikation vorgesehen und ausgelegt.The signal cables 5 and 6 may each be optical cables with optical fibers (FO), coaxial RF cables with closed outer conductor or telephone cable for baseband transmission. In all cases, the RF signals are transmitted with low loss via the signal cables 5 and 6. When using fiber optic cables 5 and 6 electro / optical converter must be interposed in the coupling points between AHF cable 1 and signal cables. These are omitted when using RF cables or telephone cables as signal cable 5 and 6. In the following, instead of the term "signal cable 5 and 6" the designation fiber optic cable 5 and 6 "is used, also representative of coaxial RF cables Both optical fiber cables 5 and 6 are connected to the transmitting and receiving device 3, preferably separated from one another, and the arrangement is intended and designed for bidirectional communication as a whole.

Die beiden LWL-Kabel 5 und 6 sind an Koppelstellen K1 bis Kn mit dem AHF-Kabel 1 verbunden, und zwar in einer zur Führung von HF-Signalen geeigneten Art und Weise. "n" ist dabei eine ganze, gerade Zahl. In den Koppelstellen K1 bis Kn sind elektro/optische Wandler vorhanden, die an sich bekannt und daher nicht mit dargestellt sind. Auf diese Art und Weise können HF-Signale von der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung 3 zur Antenne eines entlang des AHF-Kabels 1 bewegten Fahrzeugs oder auch eines tragbaren Funkgeräts übertragen werden und umgekehrt.The two fiber optic cables 5 and 6 are connected to coupling points K1 to Kn with the AHF cable 1, in a manner suitable for guiding RF signals. "n" is an integer, even number. In the coupling points K1 to Kn electro / optical converters are available, which are known per se and therefore not shown. In this manner and RF signals can be transmitted from the transmitting and receiving device 3 to the antenna of a vehicle moving along the AHF cable 1 or even a portable radio and vice versa.

Das AHF-Kabel 1 und die beiden LWL-Kabel 5 und 6 sind zweckmäßig räumlich getrennt voneinander verlegt. Auf jeden Fall haben die beiden LWL-Kabel 5 und 6 einen großen räumlichen Abstand voneinander. Sie können mit Vorteil an den beiden einander gegenüberliegenden Wänden des Tunnels T angebracht sein. Bei Tunnelstrecken mit zwei oder mehr Tunnelröhren können die LWL-Kabel 5 und 6 auch in unterschiedlichen Tunnelröhren montiert werden. Es ist dann mit großer Sicherheit verhindert, daß beide LWL-Kabel 5 und 6 gleichzeitig beschädigt werden können. Die Funktionsfähigkeit der Anordnung ist dadurch auch bei Beschädigung eines der LWL-Kabel 5 oder 6 gewährleistet. Die HF-Signale werden vom jeweils anderen LWL-Kabel 5 oder 6 geführt.The AHF cable 1 and the two fiber optic cables 5 and 6 are expedient spatially separated from each other. In any case, the two fiber optic cables 5 and 6 have a large spatial distance from each other. They may advantageously be attached to the two opposite walls of the tunnel T. For tunnels with two or more tunnels, fiber optic cables 5 and 6 can also be mounted in different tunnels. It is then prevented with great certainty that both fiber optic cables 5 and 6 can be damaged at the same time. The functionality of the arrangement is thereby ensured even if one of the fiber optic cables 5 or 6 is damaged. The RF signals are routed from the other fiber optic cable 5 or 6.

Um das zu ermöglichen, sind beide LWL-Kabel 5 und 6 an den Koppelstellen K1 bis Kn mit dem AHF-Kabel 1 verbunden, und zwar entsprechend Fig. 2 alternierend. Das LWL-Kabel 5 ist an den ungeradzahligen Koppelstellen K1, K3, K5 .... Kn±1 an das AHF-Kabel 1 angeschlossen. Für das LWK-Kabel 6 sind die geradzahligen Koppelstellen K2, K4, K6..... Kn vorgesehen. Die Zählung beginnt entsprechend Fig. 2 an der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung 3, und zwar ununterbrochen. Der Aufbau der Koppelstellen K1 bis Kn bleibt gegenüber einer Anordnung mit nur einem LWL-Kabel unverändert. Für die erhöhte Sicherheit der Anordnung wird also nur das zweite LWL-Kabel benötigt.To make this possible, both fiber optic cables 5 and 6 are connected to the coupling points K1 to Kn with the AHF cable 1, and accordingly Fig. 2 alternately. The fiber-optic cable 5 is connected to the odd-numbered coupling points K1, K3, K5 .... Kn ± 1 to the AHF cable 1. For the LWK cable 6, the even-numbered coupling points K2, K4, K6 ..... Kn are provided. The count starts accordingly Fig. 2 at the transmitting and receiving device 3, and without interruption. The structure of the coupling points K1 to Kn remains unchanged compared to an arrangement with only one fiber optic cable. For the increased security of the arrangement so only the second fiber optic cable is needed.

Die Anordnung nach Fig. 2 arbeitet beispielweise wie folgt:The arrangement after Fig. 2 works for example as follows:

Vom Sender S der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung 3 kommende HF-Signale werden in den Koppelstellen K1 bis Kn unter Zwischenschaltung von elektro/optischen Wandlern von den LWL-Kabeln 5 und 6 in das AHF-Kabel 1 eingespeist. Die HF-Signale können dann entlang des AHF-Kabels 1 mittels einer geeigneten Antenne empfangen werden. Von einem Fahrzeug oder einem Funkgerät in das AHF-Kabel 1 eingespeiste HF-Signale werden in den Koppelstellen K1 bis Kn über die Wandler in die LWL-Kabel 5 und 6 eingekoppelt und von denselben verlustarm zum Empfänger E der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung 3 übertragen. Neben den Wandlern können die Koppelstellen K1 bis Kn auch bidirektional wirkende Verstärker mit Filtern zur Trennung der unterschiedlichen Frequenzen beider Übertragungsrichtungen umfassen.From the transmitter S of the transmitting and receiving device 3 coming RF signals are fed into the coupling points K1 to Kn with the interposition of electro / optical converters of the fiber optic cables 5 and 6 in the AHF cable 1. The RF signals can then be received along the AHF cable 1 by means of a suitable antenna. From a vehicle or a radio device fed into the AHF cable 1 RF signals are coupled in the coupling points K1 to Kn via the transducers in the optical fiber cables 5 and 6 and transmitted from the same low loss to the receiver E of the transmitting and receiving device 3. In addition to the converters, the coupling points K1 to Kn can also comprise bidirectionally acting amplifiers with filters for separating the different frequencies of both transmission directions.

Wenn beispielweise das LWL-Kabel 5 oder sein zugehöriger Teil der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung 3 ausfällt, wird die Funktionsfähigkeit der Anordnung durch das LWL-Kabel 6 aufrechterhalten. Die von der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung 3 kommenden HF-Signale werden jetzt nur noch über die geradzahligen Koppelstellen K2 bis Kn in das AHF-Kabel 1 eingespeist. Das reicht bei richtiger Dimensionierung aber aus, um einen ausreichend hohen Empfangspegel entlang des AHF-Kabels 1 zu gewährleisten. Es bleibt auch sichergestellt, daß in das AHF-Kabel 1 eingespeiste HF-Signale zur Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung 3 gelangen.If, for example, the fiber optic cable 5 or its associated part of the transmitting and receiving device 3 fails, the functionality of the arrangement is maintained by the optical fiber cable 6. The coming of the transmitting and receiving device 3 RF signals are now fed only via the even coupling points K2 to Kn in the AHF cable 1. This is sufficient with proper sizing but to ensure a sufficiently high reception level along the AHF cable 1. It also remains ensured that RF signals fed into the AHF cable 1 reach the transmitting and receiving device 3.

In einer Ausgestaltung der Anordnung kann das AHF-Kabel 1 gemäß Fig. 3 auch in Abschnitte A unterteilt sein, die in Längsrichtung hintereinander angeordnet sind. In jedem Abschnitt A ist eine der Koppelstellen K1 bis Kn angebracht, und zwar vorzugsweise symmetrisch. Zwischen den Abschnitten A sind Schaltelemente 7 angeordnet, durch welche die Abschnitte A gegebenenfalls durchverbunden werden können. Das ist erforderlich, wenn eines der LWL-Kabel 5 oder 6 ausfällt. Ein solcher Aufbau der Anordnung geht prinzipiell aus der DE 195 03 744 A1 hervor.In one embodiment of the arrangement, the AHF cable 1 according to Fig. 3 be divided into sections A, which are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction. In each section A is one of the coupling points K1 to Kn attached, preferably symmetrically. Between the sections A switching elements 7 are arranged, through which the sections A can optionally be interconnected. This is required if one of the fiber optic cables 5 or 6 fails. Such a structure of the arrangement is based in principle from the DE 195 03 744 A1 out.

Ein Schaltelement 7 kann gemäß der Darstellung in Fig. 4 i. w. zwei Empfänger 8 und 9, mindestens eine Auswerteeinheit 10 und einen Schalter 11 aufweisen. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist jedem Empfänger 8 bzw. 9 eine Auswerteeinheit 10 zugeordnet. Die Empfänger 8 und 9 dienen zum Empfang eines Pilotsignals, das vom Sender S der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung 3 ständig in die LWL-Kabel 5 und 6 eingespeist wird. Es kann sich um handelsübliche Empfänger handeln. Das Ausgangssignal der Empfänger 8 und 9 wird von der jeweiligen Auswerteeinheit 10 ausgewertet und verarbeitet. Die Auswerteeinheit 10 ist dazu mit einem Entscheider und einer Logik ausgerüstet. Der Schalter 11, der als mechanischer oder elektronischer Schalter ausgeführt sein kann, ist solange geöffnet, wie die Anordnung störungsfrei arbeitet. Die benachbarten Abschnitte des AHF-Kabels 1 sind dann also nicht elektrisch leitend miteinander verbunden.A switching element 7, as shown in FIG Fig. 4 iw two receivers 8 and 9, at least one evaluation unit 10 and a switch 11 have. In the illustrated embodiment, each receiver 8 and 9, an evaluation unit 10 assigned. The receivers 8 and 9 are used to receive a pilot signal which is constantly fed from the transmitter S of the transmitting and receiving device 3 in the optical fiber cables 5 and 6. It may be commercial recipients. The output signal of the receivers 8 and 9 is evaluated and processed by the respective evaluation unit 10. The evaluation unit 10 is equipped for this purpose with a decision maker and a logic. The switch 11, which may be designed as a mechanical or electronic switch, is open as long as the arrangement operates smoothly. The adjacent sections of the AHF cable 1 are then not electrically connected to each other.

Wenn das Pilotsignal bei Ausfall eines der LWL-Kabel 5 oder 6 bzw. des zugehörigen Teils der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung 3 in einem Empfänger 8 oder 9 des Schaltelements 7 nicht mehr ankommt, wird das von der zugehörigen Auswerteeinheit 10 erkannt. Von den entsprechenden Abschnitten A des AHF-Kabels 1 könnte dann kein HF-Signal mehr empfangen werden und es könnte auch kein HF-Signal weitergeleitet werden. Durch die Auswerteeinheit 10 werden dann sofort die Schalter 11 geschlossen, so daß jeweils eine leitende Verbindung zwischen den beiden an das Schaltelement 7 angeschlossenen Abschnitten des AHF-Kabels 1 hergestellt wird. Die Anordnung ist dann entsprechend der obigen Darstellung weiter voll funktionsfähig.If the pilot signal no longer arrives in case of failure of one of the optical fiber cables 5 or 6 or of the associated part of the transmitting and receiving device 3 in a receiver 8 or 9 of the switching element 7, this is detected by the associated evaluation unit 10. From the corresponding sections A of the AHF cable 1 then no RF signal could be received and it could also be forwarded no RF signal. By the evaluation unit 10, the switches 11 are then immediately closed, so that in each case a conductive connection between the two connected to the switching element 7 Sections of the AHF cable 1 is made. The arrangement is then fully functional as shown above.

Claims (5)

  1. An arrangement for transmission, for emission and for receipt of high-frequency signals, consisting of a system connected to a send and receive unit (3), characterized in that the system exhibits:
    - a high-frequency cable (1) suitable for conducting electromagnetic waves, in which case at least three coupling points (K1 through Kn) are arranged at intervals, with uninterrupted integral counting emitted by the send and receive unit (3),
    - a first signal cable (5) which is connected to the transmission and receive device (3) and is connected to all odd-numbered coupling points (K1, K3, K5) of the beaming high-frequency cable (1).
    - a second signal cable (6), which is likewise connected to the send and receive unit (3) and is connected to all even-numbered coupling points (K2, K4) of the beaming high-frequency cable (1).
  2. The arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that
    - the beaming high-frequency cable (1) is built of sections (A) which are arranged in tandem in longitudinal direction wherein in each section (A) a coupling point is present, and
    - in between every two sections (A) switching elements (7) are arranged for required interconnection of the transmission path if appropriate.
  3. The arrangement according to any one of Claims 1 through 2, characterized in that in the case of the use of the system in tunnel sections the two signal cables (5, 6) are fitted on opposing tunnel walls.
  4. The arrangement according to any one of Claims 1 through 2, characterized in that in the case of two ore more parallel bored tunnels the two signal cables (5, 6) are fitted in different bored tunnels.
  5. The arrangement according to any one of Claims 1 through 4, characterized in that optical cables are used as signal cables (5, 6).
EP98401647A 1997-07-29 1998-07-02 Device for receiving and transmitting high frequency signals Expired - Lifetime EP0907260B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19732503A DE19732503A1 (en) 1997-07-29 1997-07-29 HF signal transmission, radiation and reception device
DE19732503 1997-07-29

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EP0907260A2 EP0907260A2 (en) 1999-04-07
EP0907260A3 EP0907260A3 (en) 2005-02-02
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EP (1) EP0907260B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH11112391A (en)
KR (1) KR100568631B1 (en)
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BR (1) BR9803716A (en)
DE (2) DE19732503A1 (en)
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US9577341B2 (en) 2013-11-12 2017-02-21 Harris Corporation Microcellular communications antenna and associated methods
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US10581172B2 (en) 2017-09-20 2020-03-03 Harris Corporation Communications antenna and associated methods
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US6396600B1 (en) 2002-05-28
EP0907260A3 (en) 2005-02-02
KR100568631B1 (en) 2006-05-25
BR9803716A (en) 1999-12-14
DE19732503A1 (en) 1999-02-04
US20020109890A1 (en) 2002-08-15
JPH11112391A (en) 1999-04-23
NO983466D0 (en) 1998-07-28
AU738482B2 (en) 2001-09-20
AU7733598A (en) 1999-02-11
US6671463B2 (en) 2003-12-30
NO983466L (en) 1999-02-01
EP0907260A2 (en) 1999-04-07
KR19990014244A (en) 1999-02-25
DE59814251D1 (en) 2008-08-21

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