EP0907103B1 - Process and apparatus for curtain coating a moving substrate - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for curtain coating a moving substrate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0907103B1 EP0907103B1 EP97810733A EP97810733A EP0907103B1 EP 0907103 B1 EP0907103 B1 EP 0907103B1 EP 97810733 A EP97810733 A EP 97810733A EP 97810733 A EP97810733 A EP 97810733A EP 0907103 B1 EP0907103 B1 EP 0907103B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- curtain
- liquid film
- liquid
- porous plate
- edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000007766 curtain coating Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YAFQFNOUYXZVPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N liproxstatin-1 Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(CNC=2C3(CCNCC3)NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 YAFQFNOUYXZVPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
- B05C5/005—Curtain coaters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/30—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by gravity only, i.e. flow coating
- B05D1/305—Curtain coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S118/00—Coating apparatus
- Y10S118/04—Curtain coater
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus according to the preamble of the independent Claims.
- Such a procedure and one The apparatus is described in EP-A-0 740 197.
- the one in it disclosed areal guides brought one certain progress compared to the state of the art at that time Technology, but still have disadvantages:
- the Falling speed of the curtain decreases due to gravity from the place where the curtain is formed steadily in the direction of fall to, in the liquid film, however, that on the side guide flows down, the gravitation does not lead to one steady acceleration, but the surface speed of the liquid film decreases as a result of internal Friction at a constant value.
- curtain and Hitting the side guidance it is at most at one point possible to equate the two speeds, resulting from local distortions and constrictions in reduced curtain stability in the curtain edge zone results. Any casting solution, or liquid coating material considered.
- One of the main problems with the curtain casting process is that Maintaining a stable curtain, especially in the area around the side guides, which are necessary to Curtain contraction due to surface tension forces to avoid.
- the geometric design is particularly problematic the curtain side guides in case the curtain is narrower than the substrate to be coated.
- EP-A-0 737 521 also describes an approximately sheet-like Lateral guidance, but there is also the wetting liquid fed from above and a device for the separation the edge of the middle part of the curtain is needed.
- the present invention eliminates those described above Disadvantages, d. H. increases the stability of the curtain in which the liquid film on the sheet-like curtain side guide is designed so that its surface speed anywhere along the side guide is identical to the falling speed of the curtain, and so no local distortions and constrictions in the Curtain leads and not a stationary wall in the form of a Knife blade is present in the lower part of the curtain, which slows down the curtain.
- a low-viscosity liquid flows in channel 15, preferably water, vertically downwards.
- the temperature this liquid must be the same as the temperature of the Pouring solution in the curtain.
- the width of the channel 15, that of the width of the porous plate 3 corresponds, see Fig. 1, must be selected so that depending on the curtain drop curve, the curtain turns on unhindered can adhere to the liquid film, preferably 10-20 mm.
- the depth of the channel must be slightly greater than the thickness of the liquid film flowing in it, 0.2 - 4.0 mm, preferably 0.5 - 3.0 mm.
- the base of the canal exists, except for the lowest Part, made of a porous material along the entire length which liquid flows which the liquid film on the Forms the side border.
- the liquid film thus formed is thus at every point along the flow direction Liquid fed so that the thickness of the Liquid film continuously from top to bottom increases, see also FIG. 3.
- the porous material is designed as a plate 2, the thickness H p of which varies over the length of the side guide.
- the liquid is fed into the porous plate from the inflow 9, which is arranged behind the porous plate 2 along the entire length of the side guide.
- This inflow is in turn connected to a liquid feed system, not shown, for example a reservoir with a pump.
- the thickness H p of the porous plate must be designed in such a way that just as much liquid can flow through the plate at any point that the downward surface speed of the liquid film formed on the other side of the plate corresponds exactly to the continuously increasing falling speed of the curtain.
- the thickness of the porous plate thus depends on the properties of the flow liquid and the porous medium, as well as on the liquid pressure p 0 behind the porous plate, which determines the minimum thickness of the plate.
- the dependence of the plate thickness on the distance along the plate and on the liquid pressure p 0 is shown by way of example in FIG. 4.
- the thickness of the porous plate varies a porosity of 0.47 and a liquid pressure behind the porous plate of 3000 Pa over a length of Side edges of 150 mm from about 2 mm to about 8.7 mm.
- the lower part 11 of the channel does not consist of one porous material, but from a solid, well-wetting Material.
- This lower part of the channel consists of one Lower part 13 and an upper part 14.
- the curtain side Surface 17 of the upper part is slightly opposite to the vertical inclined to increase the stability of the curtain.
- the Tilt angle is preferably 1 ° - 5 °.
- the suction slot 5 which is transverse to Liquid flow extends across the entire channel width.
- this suction slot which has a height of 0.1 - 1.0 mm, preferably has 0.3 - 0.5 mm, the liquid that flows through the porous plate and possibly also one small amount of curtain liquid, aspirated.
- This Edge is at the end of the lower part 13 of the Suction slot, the lower surface 18 of this lower part an angle to the horizontal of 1 ° - 60 °, preferably from 45 ° - 60 °.
- the edge 12 of the Suction slot is also a distance of 0 - 5 mm, preferably 1 - 3 mm, compared to the upper part 14 of the Suction slit. This protruding edge offers the Lateral fluid is an impact surface from which it is lighter can be suctioned off.
- the lower edge 12 of the suction slot is at a distance 0.1 - 1.0 mm, preferably 0.3 - 0.5 mm, above the Carrier track arranged. This short distance will avoided the curtain peeling off the edge forms a large bead on the carrier.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren und eine Apparatur gemäss Oberbegriff der unabhängigen Patentansprüche. Ein solches Verfahren und eine solche Apparatur ist in der EP-A-0 740 197 beschrieben. Die darin offenbarten flächenhaften Führungen brachten zwar einen gewissen Fortschritt gegenüber dem damaligen Stand der Technik, weisen aber noch Nachteile auf: Die Fallgeschwindigkeit des Vorhangs nimmt infolge Gravitation vom Ort, wo der Vorhang gebildet wird in Fallrichtung stetig zu, im Flüssigkeitsfilm hingegen, der an der Seitenführung herunterfliesst, führt die Gravitation nicht zu einer stetigen Beschleunigung, sondern die Oberflächen-Geschwindigkeit des Flüssigkeitsfilmes nimmt infolge innerer Reibung einen konstanten Wert an. Wo sich Vorhang und Seitenführung treffen, ist es höchstens an einem Punkt möglich, die beiden Geschwindigkeiten gleichzustellen, woraus infolge lokaler Verzerrungen und Einschnürungen in der Vorhangrandzone eine verminderte Vorhangstabilität resultiert. Als Giesslösung wird eine beliebige Giesslösung, bzw. flüssiges Beschichtungsmaterial betrachtet.The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus according to the preamble of the independent Claims. Such a procedure and one The apparatus is described in EP-A-0 740 197. The one in it disclosed areal guides brought one certain progress compared to the state of the art at that time Technology, but still have disadvantages: The Falling speed of the curtain decreases due to gravity from the place where the curtain is formed steadily in the direction of fall to, in the liquid film, however, that on the side guide flows down, the gravitation does not lead to one steady acceleration, but the surface speed of the liquid film decreases as a result of internal Friction at a constant value. Where there is curtain and Hitting the side guidance, it is at most at one point possible to equate the two speeds, resulting from local distortions and constrictions in reduced curtain stability in the curtain edge zone results. Any casting solution, or liquid coating material considered.
Eines der Hauptprobleme des Vorhanggussverfahrens ist die Aufrechterhaltung eines stabilen Vorhangs, insbesondere in der Umgebung der Seitenführungen, welche nötig sind, um eine Vorhangkontraktion infolge von Oberflächenspannungskräften zu vermeiden.One of the main problems with the curtain casting process is that Maintaining a stable curtain, especially in the area around the side guides, which are necessary to Curtain contraction due to surface tension forces to avoid.
Problematisch ist insbesondere die geometrische Gestaltung der Vorhang-Seitenführungen für den Fall, in dem der Vorhang schmaler ist als der zu beschichtende Träger. The geometric design is particularly problematic the curtain side guides in case the curtain is narrower than the substrate to be coated.
Prinzipiell kann gemäss EP-B-0 414 721 noch eine weitere Form von Vorhang-Seitenführungen verwendet werden, wobei eine linienartige Apparatur beschrieben ist, bei der die Seitenführung aus einem geraden Stab besteht. Der Nachteil von linienartigen Seitenführungen besteht darin, dass die Fallkurve des Flüssigkeitsvorhangs von verschiedenen Parametern abhängt, z.B. Viskosität, Oberflächenspannung, Volumenstrom, geometrische Gestaltung der Giesserlippe, an der Vorhang entsteht, Richtung der Anfangsgeschwindigkeit des Vorhangs relativ zur Richtung des Gravitationsvektors, etc. In den allermeisten Fällen ist die Fallkurve des Vorhangs nicht geradlinig, und sie ändert sich von Anwendung zu Anwendung, falls einer der obigen Parameter sich ändert.In principle, according to EP-B-0 414 721, yet another Form of curtain side guides can be used a line-like apparatus is described in which the Lateral guide consists of a straight rod. The disadvantage of linear side guides is that the Fall curve of the liquid curtain of different Depends on parameters, e.g. Viscosity, surface tension, Volume flow, geometric design of the pouring lip the curtain arises, direction of the initial speed the curtain relative to the direction of the gravitational vector, etc. In most cases the fall curve is the Curtain not straight and it changes from application to apply if one of the above parameters changes.
Flächenförmige Seitenführungen gemäss eingangs erwähnter Patentanmeldung haben diesen Nachteil zwar im Prinzip nicht, jedoch andere, wie beschrieben. Die EP-A-0 737 521 beschreibt ebenfalls eine ungefähr flächenförmige Seitenführung, doch wird auch dort die Benetzungsflüssigkeit von oben eingespeist und eine Vorrichtung für das Trennen des Randes vom Mittelteil des Vorhangs wird benötigt.Sheet-like side guides according to those mentioned at the beginning In principle, patent applications do not have this disadvantage, however others as described. EP-A-0 737 521 also describes an approximately sheet-like Lateral guidance, but there is also the wetting liquid fed from above and a device for the separation the edge of the middle part of the curtain is needed.
Es ist von diesem Stand der Technik ausgehend Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, die eine grössere Stabilität des Vorhangs gewährleisten. Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst.Starting from this prior art, it is the task of present invention a method and an apparatus indicate the greater stability of the curtain guarantee. This task is carried out with the characteristics of independent claims solved.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand einer Zeichnung eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.
Figur 1- zeigt eine Seitenansicht, teilweise geschnitten, einer erfindungsgemässen Vorhang-Beschichtungsanlage,
Figur 2- zeigt eine Sicht von Vorne, teilweise geschnitten, der Anlage nach Fig. 1,
Figur 3- zeigt den Strömungsverlauf des Flüssigkeitfilms entlang der in Fig. 1 dargestellten porösen Platte, und
Figur 4- zeigt in einem Schema die Dicke der porösen Platte in Abhängigkeit von der Distanz entlang der Vorhangberandung.
- Figure 1
- shows a side view, partially in section, of a curtain coating system according to the invention,
- Figure 2
- shows a view from the front, partially in section, of the system of FIG. 1,
- Figure 3
- shows the flow of the liquid film along the porous plate shown in Fig. 1, and
- Figure 4
- shows in a diagram the thickness of the porous plate as a function of the distance along the curtain edge.
Die Stabilität eines Flüssigkeitsvorhangs ist gegeben, wenn seine Fallgeschwindigkeit überall grösser ist als die Ausbreitungs-Geschwindigkeit von Störungen darin. Wenn dieses Kriterium erfüllt ist, können sich Störungen nicht nach oben, d.h. entgegen der Fallrichtung des Vorhangs, ausbreiten, sondern werden nach unten weggeschwemmt. Auf Grund von theoretischen Ueberlegungen kann man schliessen, dass die Vorhangstabilität negativ beeinflusst wird durch, unter anderem,
- hohe Oberflächenspannungen,
- dünne Vorhänge,
- niedrige Vorhangfallgeschwindigkeiten.
- high surface tensions,
- thin curtains,
- low curtain drop speeds.
Dünne Vorhänge und niedrige Fallgeschwindigkeiten treten vor allem in der Umgebung der Vorhang-Seitenführungen auf, weil sich einerseits der Vorhang infolge Benetzung der Seitenführung lokal einschnürt und weil andererseits die Vorhang-Fallgeschwindigkeit durch die Seitenführung gebremst wird.Thin curtains and slow falling speeds occur all around the curtain side guides because on the one hand the curtain due to wetting of the Lateral constriction locally and because on the other hand the Curtain falling speed slowed down by the side guide becomes.
Wie bereits erwähnt, wurde gemäss EP-A-0 740 197 versucht, diese Nachteile zu reduzieren, indem die flächenartige Seitenführung mit einem Flüssigkeitsfilm beschickt wird. Dem Vorhang wird also nicht eine stationäre, d.h. stark bremsende Wand entgegengehalten, sondern eine bewegte Wand in Form eines abwärts fliessenden Flüssigkeitsfilmes. Es bestehen jedoch noch folgende Nachteile:As already mentioned, an attempt was made according to EP-A-0 740 197 to reduce these drawbacks by the areal Side guide is loaded with a liquid film. The So the curtain does not become a stationary, i.e. strong braking wall held up, but a moving wall in the form of a downward flowing liquid film. It However, there are the following disadvantages:
Die Fallgeschwindigkeit des Vorhangs nimmt infolge
Gravitation vom Ort, wo der Vorhang gebildet wird, in
Fallrichtung stetig zu und zwar gemäss
- Vc =
- Vorhangfallgeschwindigkeit
- V0 =
- Anfangsgeschwindigkeit des Vorhangs
- g =
- Gravitationskonstante
- x =
- Vorhangfallhöhe gemessen vom Vorhangursprung
- V c =
- Curtain falling speed
- V 0 =
- Initial speed of the curtain
- g =
- Gravitational constant
- x =
- Fall height measured from the curtain origin
Im Flüssigkeitsfilm hingegen, der an der Seitenführung
herunterfliesst, führt die Gravitation nicht zu einer
stetigen Beschleunigung, sondern die Oberflächen-Geschwindigkeit
des Flüssigkeitsfilmes nimmt infolge innerer
Reibung einen konstanten Wert an gemäss
- Vf =
- Oberflächen-Geschwindigkeit des Flüssigkeitsfilms
- Qf =
- Volumenstrom des Flüssigkeitsfilms/Filmbreite
- β =
- Neigungswinkel des Flüssigkeitsfilmes gegenüber der Vertikalen
- ρ =
- Dichte der Filmflüssigkeit
- µ =
- Viskosität der Filmflüssigkeit
- V f =
- Surface speed of the liquid film
- Q f =
- Volume flow of the liquid film / film width
- β =
- Angle of inclination of the liquid film with respect to the vertical
- ρ =
- Density of film liquid
- µ =
- Viscosity of the film liquid
Wo sich Vorhang und Seitenführung treffen, ist es also höchstens in einem Punkt möglich, die beiden Geschwindigkeiten gleichzustellen. In allen anderen Punkten entlang der Seitenführung unterscheiden sich die beiden Geschwindigkeiten, was zu lokalen Verzerrungen und Einschnürungen in der Vorhangrandzone führt, und deshalb zu einer verminderten Vorhangstabilität.So it is where the curtain and side guide meet at the most possible in one point, the two Equal speeds. On all other points the two differ along the side guide Speeds, resulting in local distortions and Constrictions in the curtain edge zone leads, and therefore too a reduced curtain stability.
Im weiteren wird in der EP-A-0 740 197 die Seitenführung am unteren Ende durch eine Messerklinge abgeschlossen. Diese Klinge schneidet eine Randzone des Vorhangs ab, welche zusammen mit dem Flüssigkeitsfilm abgesaugt wird, und deshalb zu Giesslösungs-Verlusten führt, welche sehr kostspielig sein können. Negativ wirkt sich vor allem auch aus, dass die Messerklinge, welche eine endliche Ausdehnung in Vorhangfallrichtung von mehreren Millimetern hat, eine Seitenberandung in Form einer stationären Wand darstellt, welche den Vorhang bremst, und zwar genau dort, wo von der bewegten Trägerbahn her viele Störungen auf den Vorhang einwirken. Die Messerklinge bewirkt also ebenfalls eine Verminderung der Vorhangstabilität.Furthermore, in EP-A-0 740 197 the side guide on completed by a knife blade. This Blade cuts off one edge of the curtain, which is sucked off together with the liquid film, and therefore leads to losses of casting solution, which is very can be expensive. Above all, it also has a negative effect from that the knife blade, which is a finite extension in the direction of the curtain drop of several millimeters, one Represents side edges in the form of a stationary wall, which brakes the curtain, exactly where the moving carrier web forth many disturbances on the curtain act. The knife blade also does one Decrease in curtain stability.
Die vorliegende Erfindung beseitigt die oben beschriebenen Nachteile, d. h. erhöht die Stabilität des Vorhangs, in dem der Flüssigkeitsfilm auf der flächenförmigen Vorhang-Seitenführung so ausgebildet ist, dass seine Oberflächen-Geschwindigkeit an jedem Ort entlang der Seitenführung identisch ist mit der Fallgeschwindigkeit des Vorhangs, und so zu keinen lokalen Verzerrungen und Einschnürungen im Vorhang führt und keine stationäre Wand in Form einer Messerklinge im unteren Teil des Vorhangs vorhanden ist, welche die Abwärtsbewegung des Vorhangs bremst.The present invention eliminates those described above Disadvantages, d. H. increases the stability of the curtain in which the liquid film on the sheet-like curtain side guide is designed so that its surface speed anywhere along the side guide is identical to the falling speed of the curtain, and so no local distortions and constrictions in the Curtain leads and not a stationary wall in the form of a Knife blade is present in the lower part of the curtain, which slows down the curtain.
In den Figuren 1 und 2 erkennt man die Giesslippe 1, eine
poröse Platte 2, die zwischen zwei Randplatten 3 und 4
angeordnet ist und die zusammen einen Kanal 15 bilden, einen
Saugschlitz 5 sowie die Trägerbahn 6. In Figur 2 ist mit den
Pfeilen 7 der Vorhang angedeutet und der Wasserfilm 8, siehe
auch Fig. 3, eingezeichnet. Man erkennt ferner den
Wasserzufluss 9 und die Vakuumleitung 10, die zum
Saugschlitz 5 führt. Ausserdem ist ein Teil der Hinterwand
16 der Seitenführung sichtbar, in der der Zufluss 9
angeordnet ist.In Figures 1 and 2 you can see the pouring
Im Kanal 15 fliesst eine niedrig-viskose Flüssigkeit,
vorzugsweise Wasser, vertikal nach unten. Die Temperatur
dieser Flüssigkeit muss gleich sein wie die Temperatur der
Giesslösung im Vorhang.A low-viscosity liquid flows in
Die Breite des Kanals 15, die der Breite der porösen Platte
3 entspricht, siehe Fig. 1, muss so gewählt werden, dass
sich der Vorhang, je nach Vorhangfallkurve, ungehindert an
den Flüssigkeitsfilm anhaften kann, vorzugsweise 10 - 20 mm.The width of the
Die Tiefe des Kanals muss etwas grösser sein als die Dicke des darin fliessenden Flüssigkeitsfilmes, 0.2 - 4.0 mm, vorzugsweise 0.5 - 3.0 mm.The depth of the channel must be slightly greater than the thickness of the liquid film flowing in it, 0.2 - 4.0 mm, preferably 0.5 - 3.0 mm.
Die Grundfläche des Kanals besteht, bis auf den untersten Teil, auf der ganzen Länge aus einem porösen Material, durch welches Flüssigkeit strömt, die den Flüssigkeitsfilm auf der Seitenberandung bildet. Der so gebildete Flüssigkeitsfilm wird damit an jeder Stelle entlang der Fliessrichtung mit Flüssigkeit gespiesen, so dass die Dicke des Flüssigkeitsfilms kontinuierlich von oben nach unten zunimmt, siehe auch Fig. 3.The base of the canal exists, except for the lowest Part, made of a porous material along the entire length which liquid flows which the liquid film on the Forms the side border. The liquid film thus formed is thus at every point along the flow direction Liquid fed so that the thickness of the Liquid film continuously from top to bottom increases, see also FIG. 3.
Das poröse Material ist als Platte 2 ausgebildet, deren
Dicke Hp über die Länge der Seitenführung variiert. Die
Zuführung von Flüssigkeit in die poröse Platte geschieht vom
Zufluss 9 aus, der hinter der porösen Platte 2 auf der
ganzen Länge der Seitenführung angeordnet ist. Dieser
Zufluss ist seinerseits mit einem nicht dargestellten
Flüssigkeits-Speisesystem verbunden, z.B. Reservoir mit
Pumpe.The porous material is designed as a
Die Dicke Hp der porösen Platte muss so ausgebildet sein, dass an jeder Stelle genau so viel Flüssigkeit durch die Platte strömen kann, dass die abwärtsgerichtete Oberflächen-Geschwindigkeit des auf der anderen Plattenseite entstehenden Flüssigkeitsfilms genau der sich stetig erhöhenden Fallgeschwindigkeit des Vorhangs entspricht.The thickness H p of the porous plate must be designed in such a way that just as much liquid can flow through the plate at any point that the downward surface speed of the liquid film formed on the other side of the plate corresponds exactly to the continuously increasing falling speed of the curtain.
Die Plattendicke kann bei Betrachtung des Kontrollvolumens, gestricheltes Rechteck, in Figur 3 auf Grund folgender Ueberlegungen berechnet werden:When considering the control volume, the plate thickness can dashed rectangle, in Figure 3 due to the following Considerations to be calculated:
Die Zunahme des Volumenstromes/Kanalbreite des
Flüssigkeitsfilmes zwischen Ein- und Austritt aus dem
Kontrollvolumen entspricht genau dem Volumenstrom/Kanalbreite,
der durch die poröse Platte in das
Kontrollvolumen fliesst. Letzterer Volumenstrom ist aber
gleich dem Produkt aus Geschwindigkeit der Strömung durch
die poröse Platte und Höhe dx des Kontrollvolumens, siehe
Figur 3.
Die Geschwindigkeit von Strömungen durch poröse Platten kann
beispielsweise nach P. Grassmann, Physikalische Grundlagen
der Verfahrenstechnik, 1970, Sauerländer, Aarau, berechnet
werden:
- Vp =
- Strömungsgeschwindigkeit in porösem Medium
- Δp =
- Druckabfall über poröse Platte
- Hp =
- Dicke der porösen Platte
- µ =
- Viskosität der Flüssigkeit, die durch das poröse Medium strömt
- ε =
- Porosität des porösen Mediums
- S =
- Oberfläche/Volumen des porösen Mediums
- V p =
- Flow rate in porous medium
- Δp =
- Pressure drop across porous plate
- H p =
- Porous plate thickness
- µ =
- Viscosity of the liquid flowing through the porous medium
- ε =
- Porosity of the porous medium
- S =
- Surface / volume of the porous medium
Setzt man die Ausdrücke für die Vorhang-Fallgeschwindigkeit
und die Oberflächen-Geschwindigkeit des Flüssigkeitsfilms
einander gleich, so erhält man einen Ausdruck für den
Volumenstrom/Kanalbreite des Flüssigkeitsfilms, der von der
Längskoordinate x abhängt:
Wird dieser Ausdruck nach x differenziert und der
Geschwindigkeit durch poröse Medien gleichgesetzt, so erhält
man einen Ausdruck für die Dicke der porösen Platte als
Funktion von x:
Die Dicke der porösen Platte hängt also von den Eigenschaften der Strömungsflüssigkeit und des porösen Mediums ab, sowie vom Flüssigkeitsdruck p0 hinter der porösen Platte, der die Minimaldicke der Platte bestimmt. Die Abhängigkeit der Plattendicke von der Distanz entlang der Platte und vom Flüssigkeitsdruck p0 ist beispielshaft in Figur 4 gezeigt. The thickness of the porous plate thus depends on the properties of the flow liquid and the porous medium, as well as on the liquid pressure p 0 behind the porous plate, which determines the minimum thickness of the plate. The dependence of the plate thickness on the distance along the plate and on the liquid pressure p 0 is shown by way of example in FIG. 4.
Beispielsweise variiert die Dicke der porösen Platte bei einer Porosität von 0.47 und einem Flüssigkeitsdruck hinter der porösen Platte von 3000 Pa über eine Länge der Seitenberandung von 150 mm von etwa 2 mm bis etwa 8.7 mm.For example, the thickness of the porous plate varies a porosity of 0.47 and a liquid pressure behind the porous plate of 3000 Pa over a length of Side edges of 150 mm from about 2 mm to about 8.7 mm.
Der untere Teil 11 des Kanals besteht nicht aus einem
porösen Material, sondern aus einem festen, gut benetzenden
Material. Dieser untere Teil des Kanals besteht aus einem
Unterteil 13 und einem Oberteil 14. Die vorhangseitige
Fläche 17 des Oberteils ist leicht gegenüber der Vertikalen
geneigt, um die Stabilität des Vorhangs zu erhöhen. Der
Neigungswinkel beträgt vorzugsweise 1° - 5°.The
Am unteren Ende des Kanals, bzw. des unteren Teils 11
befindet sich der Saugschlitz 5, der sich quer zur
Flüssigkeitsströmung über die ganze Kanalbreite ausdehnt.
Durch diesen Saugschlitz, der eine Höhe von 0.1 - 1.0 mm,
vorzugsweise 0.3 - 0.5 mm hat, wird die Flüssigkeit, die
durch die poröse Platte fliesst und eventuell auch eine
kleine Menge der Vorhangflüssigkeit, abgesaugt.At the lower end of the channel or the
Die Trennung zwischen der Flüssigkeit, die abgesaugt wird
und der Flüssigkeit, die auf den Träger beschichtet wird,
geschieht an der unteren Kante 12 des Saugschlitzes. Diese
Kante befindet sich am Ende des Unterteils 13 des
Saugschlitzes, wobei die untere Fläche 18 dieses Unterteils
einen Winkel gegenüber der Horizontalen von 1° - 60°,
vorzugsweise von 45° - 60°, einschliesst. Die Kante 12 des
Saugschlitzes steht zudem um eine Distanz von 0 - 5 mm,
vorzugsweise 1 - 3 mm, gegenüber dem Oberteil 14 des
Saugschlitzes vor. Diese vorstehende Kante bietet der
Seitenflüssigkeit eine Aufprallfläche, von der sie leichter
abgesaugt werden kann. The separation between the liquid that is aspirated
and the liquid that is coated on the carrier,
happens at the
Ein wichtiger Punkt ist die geometrische Ausbildung des
Unterteils 13 der Vorhangberandung. Insbesondere darf dieses
Teil nicht parallel zur Trägerfläche verlaufen, damit kein
enger Spalt entsteht, in den Flüssigkeit vom Vorhang oder
begossenen Film infolge Kapillarwirkung hineingezogen wird
und dadurch die Qualität des begossenen Randes
beeinträchtigt, oder gar die Aufrechterhaltung eines
kohärenten Giessverfahrens verunmöglicht wird.An important point is the geometric design of the
Die untere Kante 12 des Saugschlitzes wird in einem Abstand
von 0.1 - 1.0 mm, vorzugsweise 0.3 - 0.5 mm, über der
Trägerbahn angeordnet. Durch diesen kurzen Abstand wird
vermieden, dass der sich von der Kante ablösende Vorhang
einen grossen Randwulst auf dem Träger bildet.The
Claims (9)
- Method for curtain coating a moving support with a liquid coating material, where a lateral flow is added to the guided curtain on both sides, the width of the curtain is greater than the width of the coating on the support, and the lateral flow is supplied transversely to the length of the curtain and in parallel to the front wall of the lateral guides, characterised in that the supply of the liquid film on the lateral guide is effected in such a manner that its surface velocity is equal to the falling velocity of the curtain at any point along the lateral guide.
- The method of claim 1, characterised in that said supply is effected through a porous plate whose thickness (Hp) determines the required surface velocity of the liquid film.
- The method of claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the thickness of said plate is calculated by equating the expression for the falling velocity of the curtain with the surface velocity of the liquid film, and in that the obtained term for the volume flow per channel width (Qf) is differentiated to x and equated with the flow rate through the porous plate (Vp), while
- Vp =
- flow rate in the porous material
- Vo =
- initial velocity of the curtain
- x =
- falling height of the curtain as measured from the curtain origin
- β =
- angle of inclination of the liquid film with respect to the vertical direction
- ρ0 =
- liquide pressure
- Δp =
- pressure drop across the porous plate
- Hp =
- thickness of the porous plate
- µ =
- viscosity of the liquid flowing through the porous material
- ε =
- porosity of the porous material
- S =
- surface per volume of the porous material,
- A device for carrying out the method of one of claims 1 to 3, comprising two lateral guides for the curtain (7) and an installation allowing to supply said liquid film (8) in parallel to the rear wall (16) of the lateral guides, as well as an apparatus for the extraction of the liquid film, characterised in that a porous plate (2) is disposed between the liquid supply (9) and the curtain side.
- The device of claim 4, characterised in that said porous plate (2) extends over almost the entire height of said lateral guide, and its thickness amounts to
- The device of claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the channel (15) which carries said liquid film (8) is formed by said porous plate (2) and a following section (11) of a nonporous material serving as a bottom surface, and of two longitudinally extending border plates (3, 4), the width of the bottom surface of the channel being comprised between 10 and 20 mm while the depth of the channel is comprised between 0.2 and 4.0 mm.
- The device of any one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the suction slit (5) is arranged in the lower section (11) of the channel, is composed of a lower portion (13) and an upper portion (14), and an edge (17) of the lower portion protrudes, the surface (17) on the curtain side of the upper portion and both the edge (12) and the lower surface (18) of the lower portion (13) being inclined with respect to the horizontal direction.
- The device of claim 7, characterised in that the surface (17) on the curtain side of the upper portion (14) is inclined 1° to 5° with respect the vertical direction, and the lower surface (18) of the lower portion (13) as well as said edge (12) include an angle of 1° to 60°, more particularly 45° to 60° with the horizontal direction while said edge (12) projects 0 to 5 mm, more particularly 1 to 3 mm.
- The device of claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the height of said suction slit is comprised between 0.1 and 1.0 mm, more particularly between 0.3 and 0.5 mm, and the distance between the edge (12) of the suction slit and the support web (6) is comprised between 0.1 and 1.0 mm, more particularly between 0.3 and 0.5 mm.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE59702151T DE59702151D1 (en) | 1997-10-03 | 1997-10-03 | Process and apparatus for curtain coating of a moving support |
| EP97810733A EP0907103B1 (en) | 1997-10-03 | 1997-10-03 | Process and apparatus for curtain coating a moving substrate |
| US09/165,989 US6048582A (en) | 1997-10-03 | 1998-10-02 | Method and apparatus for curtain coating providing a lateral liquid film velocity equal to the curtain falling velocity |
| JP10282505A JPH11188299A (en) | 1997-10-03 | 1998-10-05 | Method and device for subjecting mobile supporting body to curtain coating |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97810733A EP0907103B1 (en) | 1997-10-03 | 1997-10-03 | Process and apparatus for curtain coating a moving substrate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0907103A1 EP0907103A1 (en) | 1999-04-07 |
| EP0907103B1 true EP0907103B1 (en) | 2000-08-09 |
Family
ID=8230415
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97810733A Expired - Lifetime EP0907103B1 (en) | 1997-10-03 | 1997-10-03 | Process and apparatus for curtain coating a moving substrate |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6048582A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0907103B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH11188299A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59702151D1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012004875B3 (en) * | 2012-03-10 | 2012-07-19 | Andritz Küsters Gmbh | Device for curtain coating current material web e.g. paper web, has guide comprising suction apparatus with suction channel, and nozzle provided at channel, where steam at rear side of suction slot is injected into channel via nozzle |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3923676B2 (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2007-06-06 | 株式会社東芝 | Substrate processing method |
| DE10117668A1 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-10-10 | Bachofen & Meier Ag Buelach | Device for coating a running material web |
| US7169445B2 (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2007-01-30 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Method and apparatus for curtain coating |
| EP1398084B1 (en) | 2002-09-10 | 2007-02-21 | ILFORD Imaging Switzerland GmbH | Curtain coating method and device for coating a moving substrate |
| DE102004016923B4 (en) * | 2004-04-06 | 2006-08-03 | Polytype Converting S.A. | Curtain coater and curtain coating method |
| EP1900441B1 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2012-05-30 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Slide curtain coating apparatus and slide curtain coating method |
| JP5259135B2 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2013-08-07 | 日本製紙株式会社 | Curtain coating device |
| JP5228227B2 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2013-07-03 | ボイス パテント ゲーエムベーハー | Curtain coater edge guide |
| JP2009172471A (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2009-08-06 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Edge guide of curtain coater |
| JP5439880B2 (en) | 2008-03-17 | 2014-03-12 | 株式会社リコー | Curtain coating apparatus and curtain coating method |
| EP2147724B1 (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2012-06-20 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Curtain coating apparatus |
| DE102008054892A1 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-06-24 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Curtain applicator |
| JP2011050816A (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-03-17 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Edge guide for curtain coater |
| DE102014013996A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2016-03-31 | Andritz Küsters Gmbh | Method and apparatus for curtain coating |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3632374A (en) * | 1968-06-03 | 1972-01-04 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method of making photographic elements |
| JPS6014624B2 (en) * | 1977-11-09 | 1985-04-15 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | Application method |
| DE3300150A1 (en) * | 1983-01-04 | 1984-07-05 | Agfa-Gevaert Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR STABILIZING FREE-FALLING LIQUID CURTAINS |
| JPH01199668A (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1989-08-11 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Coating device |
| US4830887A (en) * | 1988-04-22 | 1989-05-16 | Eastman Kodak Company | Curtain coating method and apparatus |
| EP0606038B1 (en) * | 1993-01-07 | 1999-08-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Edge removal apparatus for curtain coating |
| DE19513531A1 (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1996-10-17 | Du Pont Deutschland | Method and apparatus for reducing curtain casting interference |
| EP0740197B1 (en) * | 1995-04-26 | 1999-07-07 | ILFORD Imaging Switzerland GmbH | Process and apparatus for curtain-coating a moving substrate |
-
1997
- 1997-10-03 EP EP97810733A patent/EP0907103B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-03 DE DE59702151T patent/DE59702151D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-10-02 US US09/165,989 patent/US6048582A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-05 JP JP10282505A patent/JPH11188299A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012004875B3 (en) * | 2012-03-10 | 2012-07-19 | Andritz Küsters Gmbh | Device for curtain coating current material web e.g. paper web, has guide comprising suction apparatus with suction channel, and nozzle provided at channel, where steam at rear side of suction slot is injected into channel via nozzle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0907103A1 (en) | 1999-04-07 |
| JPH11188299A (en) | 1999-07-13 |
| US6048582A (en) | 2000-04-11 |
| DE59702151D1 (en) | 2000-09-14 |
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