EP0891449B1 - Method for the production of a prestressed plate-shaped building component - Google Patents
Method for the production of a prestressed plate-shaped building component Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0891449B1 EP0891449B1 EP97919814A EP97919814A EP0891449B1 EP 0891449 B1 EP0891449 B1 EP 0891449B1 EP 97919814 A EP97919814 A EP 97919814A EP 97919814 A EP97919814 A EP 97919814A EP 0891449 B1 EP0891449 B1 EP 0891449B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- laminations
- bars
- tension bars
- anchoring means
- holes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/12—Grating or flooring for bridges; Fastening railway sleepers or tracks to bridges
- E01D19/125—Grating or flooring for bridges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/12—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood
- E04C2/14—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood reinforced
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/10—Wood
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for the production of a prestressed plate-shaped building component.
- the invention relates to a method for the production of such a building component of the kind comprising a plurality of elongate laminations of wood, placed in side-by-side relationship and held in contact under pressure with each other in an elastically compressed state by a plurality of mutually spaced transverse tension bars of metal, which extend each through one row of through holes in the laminations and which, at their ends, are provided with anchoring means, projecting in lateral directions therefrom and bearing under pressure against cooperating bearing surfaces of the two outer laminations, provided at the outer sides of said laminations.
- Building components of said kind are utilized especially as structural floor components in buildings and bridges. However, they may be utilized also for other purposes. For instance, they may be used as structural wall elements.
- the anchoring means mounted on the tension bars have usually been formed by nuts, mounted on threaded end portions of said bars, and washers placed behind said nuts.
- the invention therefore has for its purpose to provide an improved and more rational method for the production of a prestressed plate-shaped building component of the kind initially specified.
- the method is primarily characterized by placing the laminations in desired side-by-side positions upon a substrate and subjecting the laminations so placed to an edge pressing operation, during which they are elastically compressed in a direction transverse to their longitudinal direction by means of press jaws, bearing against the two outer laminations, and then holding the laminations in an elastically compressed state by means of said press jaws until a lasting elastic compression of the laminations has been secured by means of tension bars, inserted each through one row of holes in the laminations, and anchoring means, mounted at the ends of said bars.
- the laminations may preferably be held in close contact with the substrate by holding-down means, applied against the upper sides of the laminations.
- the edge pressing operation may preferably be performed by means of two rows of consecutive press jaws which, within each row, bear against one of the two outer laminations and which, within each row, define intermediate free gaps therebetween, located within the regions of the tension bars and the anchoring means.
- the insertion of the tension bars through said holes may preferably be effected after the edge pressing operation.
- the tension bars may suitably be provided with anchoring means at their one ends before the insertion of said bars through said holes in the laminations, while anchoring means are mounted at the other ends of said bars after the insertion of the bars through said holes.
- the tension bars may preferably be provided with anchoring means formed by metal plates, welded to the tension bars at the ends of said bars. These metal plates may suitably be welded to the end surfaces of the tension bars in butt contact with said surfaces through a flash-welding process.
- the building component shown in Figure 1 and generally designated 10 comprises a plurality of elongate laminations 11 of wood, placed in side-by-side relationship and held in contact under pressure with each other in an elastically compressed state by a plurality of mutually spaced transverse tension bars 12 of metal, which extend each through one row of through holes 13 ( Figure 3) in laminations 11 and which at their ends are provided with anchoring means 14, projecting in lateral directions therefrom and bearing under pressure against cooperating bearing surfaces 15 of the two outer laminations, provided at the outer sides of said laminations.
- Anchoring means 14 are formed by metal plates having a generally square or rectangular shape, which are welded to the tension bars 12 in butt contact with the end surfaces of said bars. At their outer sides, the two outer laminations 11 are provided with longitudinally extending grooves 16, in which metal plates 14 may be received in a fully countersunk state and in contact with the bottom surfaces of said grooves, which form said bearing surfaces 15.
- FIG. 2 there is shown an edge pressing equipment comprising a press table 17, upon which laminations 11 are placed in side-by-side positions with their one ends in contact with a transverse elongate stop 18 and with one of the two outer laminations in close contact with a row of stationary press jaws 19.
- laminations 11, now being in the state illustrated in Figure 3, are then subjected to an edge pressing operation, during which they are elastically compressed in a direction transverse to their longitudinal direction by means of a row of movable press jaws 20, which may be applied against the other one of the two outer laminations 11 by means of hydraulic cylinders 21. Through this elastic compression, laminations 11 are brought to assume the state shown in Figure 4.
- laminations 11 are, during the edge pressing operation, held in close contact with press table 17, which serves as a substrate therefor.
- a plate 22, serving as a holding-down means has been indicated in dash-dotted lines. Said plate may be brought into contact under pressure against the upper sides of laminations 11 by any suitable means not shown.
- the movable press jaws 20 and the cooperating fixed press jaws 19 may preferably be arranged to apply the desired compression pressure to the outer laminations 11 by being brought into close contact with the bottom surfaces of the longitudinal grooves 16 provided in said laminations.
- tension bars 12 may already be provided with metal plates 14, previously welded thereto, at their one ends. These metal plates, which serve as anchoring means, are brought into close contact with the bearing surface 15 of one of the two outer laminations. The other, free ends of tension bars 12 will then project a short distance from the bearing surface 15 of the other one of the two outer laminations.
- a second anchoring means 14, consisting of a metal plate, is then welded to the latter end of each tension bar 12 through an electric flash-welding process.
- a porcelain sleeve 23 is mounted in a central position on each plate 14.
- the fixed press jaws 19 and the movable press jaws 20 are designed so as to cause adjacent jaws of each kind to define free gaps therebetween within said regions.
- Figure 7 shows two building components 10 which are located side-by-side and have their adjacent lateral surfaces in close contact with each other.
- Reference numeral 24 designates blocks of wood, serving as guide means between the two building components 10 and received in portions of the two opposite grooves 16 located between adjacent anchoring means 14.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
Description
The present invention relates to a method for the
production of a prestressed plate-shaped building component.
More particularly, the invention relates to a
method for the production of such a building component
of the kind comprising a plurality of elongate laminations
of wood, placed in side-by-side relationship and
held in contact under pressure with each other in an
elastically compressed state by a plurality of mutually
spaced transverse tension bars of metal, which extend
each through one row of through holes in the laminations
and which, at their ends, are provided with anchoring
means, projecting in lateral directions therefrom and
bearing under pressure against cooperating bearing surfaces
of the two outer laminations, provided at the outer
sides of said laminations.
Building components of said kind are utilized
especially as structural floor components in buildings
and bridges. However, they may be utilized also for
other purposes. For instance, they may be used as structural
wall elements.
In previously known building components of said
kind, the anchoring means mounted on the tension bars
have usually been formed by nuts, mounted on threaded
end portions of said bars, and washers placed behind
said nuts.
DE 2 316 899 B2 discloses a similar building component.
However, in this case, the tension bars are provided
with threaded end portions and nuts mounted thereon
only at their one ends, while, at their other ends,
they are provided with fixed bolt heads.
During the production of the abovementioned known
building components, the desired elastic compression
of the laminations has been obtained by successively
tightening the nuts mounted on the various tension bars
in several consecutive steps. This has resulted in a
manufacturing process which, as a whole, is very slow
and labour-consuming.
The invention therefore has for its purpose
to provide an improved and more rational method for
the production of a prestressed plate-shaped building
component of the kind initially specified.
The method, according to the invention proposed
for said purpose, is primarily characterized by placing
the laminations in desired side-by-side positions upon
a substrate and subjecting the laminations so placed
to an edge pressing operation, during which they are
elastically compressed in a direction transverse to
their longitudinal direction by means of press jaws,
bearing against the two outer laminations, and then
holding the laminations in an elastically compressed
state by means of said press jaws until a lasting
elastic compression of the laminations has been secured
by means of tension bars, inserted each through one
row of holes in the laminations, and anchoring means,
mounted at the ends of said bars.
During the edge pressing operation, the laminations
may preferably be held in close contact with the
substrate by holding-down means, applied against the
upper sides of the laminations.
In order to avoid the need for very long press
jaws, extending along the entire length of the building
component, and in order to make it possible, in an easy
manner, during the edge pressing operation, to obtain
a convenient access to the outer laminations within
the regions of the tension bars and the anchoring means,
the edge pressing operation may preferably be performed
by means of two rows of consecutive press jaws which,
within each row, bear against one of the two outer laminations
and which, within each row, define intermediate
free gaps therebetween, located within the regions of
the tension bars and the anchoring means.
The insertion of the tension bars through said
holes may preferably be effected after the edge pressing
operation. Furthermore, the tension bars may suitably
be provided with anchoring means at their one ends
before the insertion of said bars through said holes
in the laminations, while anchoring means are mounted
at the other ends of said bars after the insertion of
the bars through said holes.
In accordance with the invention, the tension
bars may preferably be provided with anchoring means
formed by metal plates, welded to the tension bars at
the ends of said bars. These metal plates may suitably
be welded to the end surfaces of the tension bars in
butt contact with said surfaces through a flash-welding
process.
Below the invention is further described with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-
The building component shown in Figure 1 and generally
designated 10 comprises a plurality of elongate
laminations 11 of wood, placed in side-by-side relationship
and held in contact under pressure with each other
in an elastically compressed state by a plurality of
mutually spaced transverse tension bars 12 of metal,
which extend each through one row of through holes 13
(Figure 3) in laminations 11 and which at their ends
are provided with anchoring means 14, projecting in
lateral directions therefrom and bearing under pressure
against cooperating bearing surfaces 15 of the two outer
laminations, provided at the outer sides of said laminations.
Anchoring means 14 are formed by metal plates
having a generally square or rectangular shape, which
are welded to the tension bars 12 in butt contact with
the end surfaces of said bars. At their outer sides,
the two outer laminations 11 are provided with longitudinally
extending grooves 16, in which metal plates
14 may be received in a fully countersunk state and
in contact with the bottom surfaces of said grooves,
which form said bearing surfaces 15.
Below a method according to the invention for the production of the building
element 10 shown in Figure 1 will be described in further
detail with reference to Figures 2 - 6.
In Figure 2 there is shown an edge pressing equipment
comprising a press table 17, upon which laminations
11 are placed in side-by-side positions with their one
ends in contact with a transverse elongate stop 18 and
with one of the two outer laminations in close contact
with a row of stationary press jaws 19.
The laminations 11, now being in the state illustrated
in Figure 3, are then subjected to an edge pressing
operation, during which they are elastically compressed
in a direction transverse to their longitudinal direction
by means of a row of movable press jaws 20, which
may be applied against the other one of the two outer
laminations 11 by means of hydraulic cylinders 21.
Through this elastic compression, laminations 11 are
brought to assume the state shown in Figure 4.
By means of one or more holding-down means,
applied against the upper sides of the laminations,
laminations 11 are, during the edge pressing operation,
held in close contact with press table 17, which serves
as a substrate therefor. In Figure 2, a plate 22, serving
as a holding-down means, has been indicated in dash-dotted
lines. Said plate may be brought into contact
under pressure against the upper sides of laminations
11 by any suitable means not shown.
The movable press jaws 20 and the cooperating
fixed press jaws 19 may preferably be arranged to apply
the desired compression pressure to the outer laminations
11 by being brought into close contact with the bottom
surfaces of the longitudinal grooves 16 provided in
said laminations.
Once laminations 11 have been compressed to the
state shown in Figure 4, they are maintained in this
state by press jaws 19 and 20 while the tension bars
12 are inserted each through one row of holes 16 in
laminations 11 in the manner shown in Figure 5. At
this stage, tension bars 12 may already be provided
with metal plates 14, previously welded thereto, at
their one ends. These metal plates, which serve as
anchoring means, are brought into close contact with
the bearing surface 15 of one of the two outer laminations.
The other, free ends of tension bars 12 will
then project a short distance from the bearing surface
15 of the other one of the two outer laminations. A
second anchoring means 14, consisting of a metal plate,
is then welded to the latter end of each tension bar 12
through an electric flash-welding process. In order
to make it possible to carry out the welding operations
in an unobjectionable manner, a porcelain sleeve 23
is mounted in a central position on each plate 14.
In order to secure the required access to the
outer laminations within the regions of tension bars
12 and anchoring means 14, the fixed press jaws 19 and
the movable press jaws 20 are designed so as to cause
adjacent jaws of each kind to define free gaps therebetween
within said regions.
Once anchoring means 14 have been welded to all
tension bars 12, the compression pressure previously
exerted on laminations 11 by means of press jaws 19
and 20 is removed. Laminations 11 then expand slightly
to the state shown in Figure 6 and cause an elastic
elongation of tension bars 12 which hereby, by means
of anchoring means 14, will hold the laminations contained
in building component 10 in a prestressed permanently
elastically compressed state.
Figure 7 shows two building components 10 which
are located side-by-side and have their adjacent lateral
surfaces in close contact with each other. Reference
numeral 24 designates blocks of wood, serving as guide
means between the two building components 10 and received
in portions of the two opposite grooves 16 located
between adjacent anchoring means 14.
Claims (8)
- Method for the production of a prestressed plate-shaped building component (10) of the kind comprising a plurality of elongate laminations (11) of wood, placed in side-by-side relationship and held in contact under pressure with each other in an elastically compressed state by a plurality of mutually spaced transverse tension bars (12) of metal, which extend each through one row of through holes (13) in the laminations (11) and which, at their ends, are provided with anchoring means (14), projecting in lateral directions therefrom and bearing under pressure against cooperating bearing surfaces (15) of the two outer laminations (11), provided at the outer sides of said laminations, characterized by placing the laminations (11) in desired side-by-side positions upon a substrate (17) and subjecting the laminations so placed to an edge pressing operation, during which they are elastically compressed in a direction transverse to their longitudinal direction by means of press jaws (19, 20), bearing against the two outer laminations (11), and then holding the laminations (11) in an elastically compressed state by means of said press jaws (19, 20) until a lasting elastic compression of the laminations has been secured by means of tension bars (12), inserted each through one row of holes (13) in the laminations (11), and anchoring means (14), mounted at the ends of said bars.
- Method according to claim 1, characterized by holding the laminations (11), during the edge pressing operation, in close contact with the substrate (17) by means of holding-down means (22), applied against the upper sides of the laminations.
- Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by performing the edge pressing operation by means of two rows of consecutive press jaws (19, 20) which, within each row, bear against one of the two outer laminations (11) and which, within each row, define intermediate gaps therebetween, located within the regions of the tension bars (12) and the anchoring means (14).
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by inserting the tension bars (12) through said holes (13) in the laminations (12) after the edge pressing operation.
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by providing the tension bars (12) with anchoring means (14) at their one ends before the insertion of said bars through said holes (13) in the laminations (11) and mounting anchoring means (14) at the other ends of the bars after the insertion of the bars through said holes (13).
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by providing the tension bars (12) with anchoring means formed by metal plates (14), welded to the tension bars (12) at the ends of said bars.
- Method according to claim 6, characterized by welding the metal plates (14) to the end surfaces of the tension bars (12) in butt contact with said surfaces through a flush-welding process.
- Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by providing the two outer laminations (11) with recesses (16) at their outer sides for receiving said metal plates (14) in a fully countersunk state in said recesses.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9601293 | 1996-04-03 | ||
| SE9601293A SE506413C2 (en) | 1996-04-03 | 1996-04-03 | Biased disc-shaped building element as well as means for producing such a building element |
| PCT/SE1997/000525 WO1997037084A1 (en) | 1996-04-03 | 1997-04-02 | Prestressed plate-shaped building component and method for the production of such a building component |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0891449A1 EP0891449A1 (en) | 1999-01-20 |
| EP0891449B1 true EP0891449B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
Family
ID=20402080
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97919814A Expired - Lifetime EP0891449B1 (en) | 1996-04-03 | 1997-04-02 | Method for the production of a prestressed plate-shaped building component |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0891449B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69706662T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0891449T3 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE506413C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997037084A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU730487B2 (en) * | 1997-09-22 | 2001-03-08 | Holmes For Doors And Related Products Pty Ltd | A panel assembly |
| DE19806998A1 (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 1999-08-26 | Konstruktion Holz Werk Khw Seu | Wooden panel |
| JP5902560B2 (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2016-04-13 | 株式会社エスイー | Emergency shelter floor slab |
| ITPD20120230A1 (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-01-27 | Doriano Canella | ANCHORAGE SYSTEM FOR WOODEN STRUCTURAL PANEL |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE651924A (en) * | 1964-08-12 | |||
| DE2316899C3 (en) * | 1973-04-04 | 1979-03-29 | Karl Merk Holzbau Kg, 8890 Aichach | Component |
-
1996
- 1996-04-03 SE SE9601293A patent/SE506413C2/en unknown
-
1997
- 1997-04-02 DE DE69706662T patent/DE69706662T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-02 WO PCT/SE1997/000525 patent/WO1997037084A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-04-02 DK DK97919814T patent/DK0891449T3/en active
- 1997-04-02 EP EP97919814A patent/EP0891449B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE9601293L (en) | 1997-10-04 |
| WO1997037084A1 (en) | 1997-10-09 |
| DE69706662D1 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
| SE9601293D0 (en) | 1996-04-03 |
| EP0891449A1 (en) | 1999-01-20 |
| SE506413C2 (en) | 1997-12-15 |
| DE69706662T2 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
| DK0891449T3 (en) | 2001-12-17 |
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