EP0887921A1 - Method of ensuring stability of synchronous machine - Google Patents
Method of ensuring stability of synchronous machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0887921A1 EP0887921A1 EP98660056A EP98660056A EP0887921A1 EP 0887921 A1 EP0887921 A1 EP 0887921A1 EP 98660056 A EP98660056 A EP 98660056A EP 98660056 A EP98660056 A EP 98660056A EP 0887921 A1 EP0887921 A1 EP 0887921A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stator flux
- torque
- rotor coordinates
- quadrants
- quadrant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/12—Stator flux based control involving the use of rotor position or rotor speed sensors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of ensuring the stability of a synchronous machine in controlling the synchronous machine on the basis of direct control of flux and torque, in which method the torque generated by the synchronous machine is increased/decreased by increasing/decreasing the instantaneous angular velocity of the stator flux.
- the invention thus relates to ensuring and maintaining the stability of a synchronous machine in controlling the synchronous machine on the basis of direct control of flux and torque, known from e.g. US patent publication 4,918,367, which is incorporated herein by reference.
- the advantages provided by this control method are excellent dynamics and a very accurate follow-up of the reference value for the torque.
- stator flux or simply flux, are used in the specification below and above when referring to stator flux linkage.
- Figure 1 in the attached drawing shows the rotor coordinates of a synchronous machine, i.e. the dq coordinates.
- the coordinates are fixed to the rotor reference frame, and the positive direction of the d axis (direct axis) is the magnetizing direction of the excitation current (If).
- the torque acting in a positive direction is increased (decreased) by increasing (decreasing) the instantaneous angular velocity of the stator flux ( ⁇ s), whereby the load angle ⁇ increases (decreases).
- the positive direction of speed and torque is counter clockwise.
- the stability of the control of a synchronous machine can be studied by means of Figure 2 in the attached drawing, showing the static torque generated by a synchronous machine as a function of the load angle as curve T( ⁇ ).
- a static torque curve is used since it is essential that continuous operation is possible at a certain operating point.
- the operation is stable at point ⁇ 1, since an upward swing of the load angle causes the generated torque to exceed the reference value, resulting in a control action which decreases the load angle.
- Point ⁇ 2 is not stable, since a small upward swing of the load angle results in a control action which increases the load angle further. This results in loss of synchronous running.
- the presented control method does not allow continuous operation if the load angle exceeds the load angle value by which the generated torque reaches its maximum value Tmax. This means that a torque reference Tref,2 exceeding Tmax, does not allow stable operation at all.
- a conventional stabilizing method is to limit the torque reference such that no situation leads to an unstable operation.
- This method has two basic problems:
- Load angle limitation is generally used in controlled synchronous machine drives in which the load angle and/or the d and q components ( ⁇ sd, ⁇ dq) are the variables to be controlled.
- the load angle and the d and p components of the stator flux of the machine are not used as the variables to be controlled, the variables to be controlled being instead the torque and the magnitude of the stator flux (length of space vector).
- the direction of the stator flux in the rotor coordinates can be determined by a coordinate transformation by using as starting points the perpendicular (x and y) components given in the stator coordinates of the stator flux and being known variables in the control which is based on direct control of flux and torque.
- the stator flux vector is preferably forced to remain in the desired quadrants in such a manner that when the determined stator flux vector is located in quadrant II of the rotor coordinates, the stator flux is rotated clockwise in the rotor coordinates until the stator flux vector has moved to quadrant I, and when the determined stator flux vector is located in quadrant III of the rotor coordinates, the stator flux is rotated counter clockwise in the rotor coordinates until the stator flux vector has moved to quadrant IV.
- the stator flux is preferably rotated in the desired direction by rotating it clockwise in the rotor coordinates by giving the torque control a negative torque reference, and the stator flux is rotated counter clockwise in the rotor coordinates by giving the torque control a positive torque reference.
- the positive and negative torque references can either have constant absolute values or be dependent on the angle of the determined stator flux vector, i.e. the load angle, or some other variable associated therewith, such as a trigonometric function of the load angle or the like.
- the torque reference of the torque control is limited as a function of the stator flux vector in such a way that the closer the boundary between quadrant I and II or quadrant III and IV, respectively, the smaller the torque reference.
- the torque reference is preferably limited in such a way that when the determined stator flux vector is located at the boundary between quadrant I and II or quadrant III and IV, respectively, the torque reference is zero.
- the stability of a synchronous machine is ensured and maintained by a control system which is based on direct control of flux and torque by forcing the stator flux to remain in the first or fourth quadrant (Q1 and Q4) of the dq coordinates, i.e. the rotor coordinates, i.e. by limiting the load angle of the machine to these quadrants.
- This basic idea is illustrated in Figure 3, in which quadrants Q1 and Q4 are marked as allowed ranges and quadrants Q2 and Q3 as forbidden ranges. If a shift occurs to the second quadrant Q2, the stator flux is rotated clockwise in the rotor coordinates until quadrant Q1, i.e. an allowed range, is reached. If a shift occurs to quadrant Q3, the stator flux is rotated counter clockwise in the rotor coordinates, until quadrant Q4 is reached.
- Rotating or turning the stator flux clockwise can be implemented e.g. by a negative torque reference and, correspondingly, rotation counter clockwise by a positive torque reference.
- the magnitude of the torque reference can be constant or a function of the load angle.
- the load angle limitation is carried out too seldom, i.e. at a too long execution interval, the generated torque oscillates intensively when the load angle limit, i.e. quadrant limit Q1-Q2 or Q4-Q3, is reached. If the load angle can be limited at very short execution intervals (e.g. 25 ⁇ s), the above problem is avoided.
- Torque oscillation can be reduced by limiting the torque reference value when approaching the load angle limit, i.e. when reaching the ranges Q1r and Q4r of quadrants Q1 and Q4, respectively, limited by the load angle limits Q1-Q2 and Q3-Q4, respectively.
- the remaining ranges of quadrants I and IV, in which the torque reference does not have to be limited are denoted by Q1s and Q4s.
- the load angle ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ r or ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ r respectively.
- the torque reference can be reduced by e.g.
- Figure 4 by multiplying the torque reference by a window function Cr, which decreases the torque reference to zero when moving from the boundary of range Q1r and Q4r, respectively, to the boundary Q1-Q2 and Q3-Q4 between the quadrants.
- Figure 4 only shows the situation as regards the boundary between quadrants Q1 and Q2.
- a stable operating point is found at point P, in which said curve formed by the torque reference and the window function intersects the static torque curve of the synchronous machine.
- Limiting the torque reference value i.e. using torque reduction, decreases the maximum torque to be utilized, but in practice the reduction is not significant.
- the required extension of the torque reduction range i.e. the slope of the torque reference curve, depends on the allowed torque waviness when operating at the load angle boundary and on the execution interval at which the load angle limitation is implemented.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the method of the invention by means of a flow diagram.
- reference 51 denotes the step in which the load angle, i.e. the direction of the stator flux in the rotor coordinates, i.e. the dq coordinates, is determined.
- the next step is 52 in which a test is made to see if the load angle is in quadrants Q1 or Q4. If not, step 53 is taken to test if the load angle is in quadrant Q2. If so, the stator flux is rotated clockwise in the rotor coordinates in block 55 to make it move to quadrant Q1. The accomplishment of this rotation has been described above.
- step 53 If in step 53 the stator flux is not found to be in quadrant Q2, it has to be in quadrant Q3, whereby the stator flux is rotated in block 54 counter clockwise in the rotor coordinates to force it to quadrant Q4. From blocks 54 and 55 the process moves to block 51 to redefine the load angle.
- stator flux can be replaced by a air gap flux ( ⁇ m) or a damper winding flux ( ⁇ D + j ⁇ Q ).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
- Synchronisation In Digital Transmission Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- A method of ensuring the stability of a synchronous machine in controlling the synchronous machine on the basis of direct control of flux and torque, in which the torque generated by the synchronous machine is increased/decreased by increasing/decreasing the instantaneous angular velocity of the stator flux, characterized by comprising the steps ofdetermining the direction of the stator flux vector (ψs) in rotor coordinates (dq), andforcing the stator flux vector (ψs) to remain in quadrants I and IV (Q1, Q4) of the rotor coordinates by rotating the stator flux in the rotor coordinates to a necessary degree.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that rotating the stator flux (ψs) in the rotor coordinates comprises controlling the angular velocity and direction of the stator flux measured in the stator coordinates.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that when the determined stator flux vector (ψs) is located in quadrant II (Q2) of the rotor coordinates, the stator flux is rotated clockwise in the rotor coordinates until the stator flux vector has moved to quadrant I (Q1), and
when the determined stator flux vector (ψs) is located in quadrant III (Q3) of the rotor coordinates, the stator flux is rotated counter clockwise in the rotor coordinates until the stator flux vector has moved to quadrant IV (Q4). - A method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that rotating the stator flux (ψs) clockwise in the rotor coordinates comprises giving the torque control a negative torque reference, and rotating the stator flux counter clockwise in the rotor coordinates comprises giving the torque control a positive torque reference.
- A method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that said positive and negative torque references have a constant absolute value.
- A method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that said positive and negative torque references have an absolute value which depends on the angle, i.e. the load angle (δ), of the determined stator flux vector, or some other variable related thereto, such as tan (δ) or the like.
- A method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that when the determined stator flux vector is located in a predetermined range (Q1r, Q2r) which is located in quadrant I (Q1) or IV (Q4), respectively, and limited to the boundary (Q1-Q2) between quadrants I and II or the boundary (Q3-Q4) between quadrants III and IV, respectively, the torque reference of the torque control is limited as a function of the direction of the stator flux vector (ψs) such that the closer the stator flux vector is to the boundary between quadrants I and II and quadrants III and IV, respectively, the smaller is the torque reference.
- A method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that when the determined stator flux vector is located at the boundary (Q1-Q2; Q3-Q4) of quadrants I and II or quadrants III and IV, respectively, the torque reference is zero.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI972534A FI106081B (en) | 1997-06-13 | 1997-06-13 | A method for ensuring the stability of a synchronous machine |
FI972534 | 1997-06-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0887921A1 true EP0887921A1 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
EP0887921B1 EP0887921B1 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
Family
ID=8549051
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98660056A Expired - Lifetime EP0887921B1 (en) | 1997-06-13 | 1998-06-12 | Method of ensuring stability of synchronous machine |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5942874A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0887921B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH1175400A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE207260T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69802042T2 (en) |
FI (1) | FI106081B (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1223666A2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-17 | ABB Industry Oy | Method for frequency convertor |
EP2733008A4 (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2015-10-07 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Vehicle driving device |
US9906176B2 (en) | 2015-06-04 | 2018-02-27 | General Electric Company | Dynamic calculation and control of synchronous machines |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4620977B2 (en) * | 2003-07-23 | 2011-01-26 | パナソニック株式会社 | Motor control device and washing machine and dryer using the same |
CN100417004C (en) * | 2003-07-23 | 2008-09-03 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Motor controlling equipment and washer and dryer using the same |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4088934A (en) * | 1976-10-04 | 1978-05-09 | General Electric Company | Means for stabilizing an a-c electric motor drive system |
DE3826685A1 (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1989-02-16 | Stroemberg Drives Oy Ab | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE TORQUE OF A SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE WITH FREQUENCY CONVERTER FEED |
EP0702451A1 (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1996-03-20 | Minimotor S.A. | Synchronous motor control device |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3568025A (en) * | 1969-08-07 | 1971-03-02 | Gen Electric | Protective circuit for controlled rectifiers of a motor control system |
US3786331A (en) * | 1972-12-11 | 1974-01-15 | Hyper Loop | Digital tracer |
US4697131A (en) * | 1985-12-11 | 1987-09-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Voltage source inverter and variable frequency, constant voltage AC motor drive embodying the same |
US4652806A (en) * | 1986-01-23 | 1987-03-24 | Aerotech, Inc. | Micro-stepping translator controller |
US4788635A (en) * | 1987-02-04 | 1988-11-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Converter system combining a two-quadrant voltage-source rectifier and a four-quadrant voltage-source inverter, and a motor drive embodying the same |
US5495160A (en) * | 1993-12-06 | 1996-02-27 | Reliance Electric Company | Digital sine wave generator and motor controller |
JP3236983B2 (en) * | 1995-04-17 | 2001-12-10 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Power converter |
-
1997
- 1997-06-13 FI FI972534A patent/FI106081B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-06-12 AT AT98660056T patent/ATE207260T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-12 DE DE69802042T patent/DE69802042T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-12 EP EP98660056A patent/EP0887921B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-15 JP JP10204223A patent/JPH1175400A/en active Pending
- 1998-06-15 US US09/094,815 patent/US5942874A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4088934A (en) * | 1976-10-04 | 1978-05-09 | General Electric Company | Means for stabilizing an a-c electric motor drive system |
DE3826685A1 (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1989-02-16 | Stroemberg Drives Oy Ab | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE TORQUE OF A SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE WITH FREQUENCY CONVERTER FEED |
EP0702451A1 (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1996-03-20 | Minimotor S.A. | Synchronous motor control device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
L. ZHONG M.F. RAHMAN W.Y. HU K.W. KIM: "ANALYSIS OF DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL IN PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVES", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, vol. 12, no. 3, 3 May 1997 (1997-05-03), pages 528 - 535, XP002078909 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1223666A2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-17 | ABB Industry Oy | Method for frequency convertor |
EP1223666A3 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2004-06-30 | ABB Industry Oy | Method for frequency convertor |
EP2733008A4 (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2015-10-07 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Vehicle driving device |
US9906176B2 (en) | 2015-06-04 | 2018-02-27 | General Electric Company | Dynamic calculation and control of synchronous machines |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH1175400A (en) | 1999-03-16 |
EP0887921B1 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
FI106081B (en) | 2000-11-15 |
ATE207260T1 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
FI972534A0 (en) | 1997-06-13 |
DE69802042T2 (en) | 2002-03-14 |
FI972534A (en) | 1998-12-14 |
DE69802042D1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
US5942874A (en) | 1999-08-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7728536B2 (en) | Servomotor current control method and servomotor | |
JPH041194B2 (en) | ||
US7626352B2 (en) | Control device for stepping motor | |
US5942874A (en) | Method of ensuring stability of synchronous machine | |
CA1231378A (en) | Method and apparatus for stabilizing the locus of a vector formed by intergration | |
JP3707251B2 (en) | Control device for synchronous motor | |
JP2001261282A (en) | Positioning and bracing control method for crane and its device | |
JP3810506B2 (en) | Crane control method | |
JPH01174914A (en) | System for correcting detection error of resolver | |
US5436544A (en) | Method of phase advancing compensation control for an AC synchronous motor | |
EP0616417B1 (en) | Method for control of ac motor | |
GB2114319A (en) | Equipment for controlling the drive element of a horizontal movement | |
US6552510B2 (en) | Method for frequency converter | |
JP3653437B2 (en) | Control system for permanent magnet synchronous motor | |
JP3352837B2 (en) | Crane turning control device | |
JPH11178399A (en) | Control method for permanent magnet synchronous motor | |
JP3680605B2 (en) | Control device for synchronous motor | |
JP2720483B2 (en) | Positioning control device | |
JP2001204199A (en) | Control unit of permanent magnet type synchronous motor | |
JP5264544B2 (en) | Control device for permanent magnet motor | |
JPH04322191A (en) | Controller for synchronous motor | |
JP2003111498A (en) | Controller without speed sensor for induction motor | |
JPH1118498A (en) | Controller for servo motor | |
JPH08231182A (en) | Method to attenuate vibration of load of crane | |
Meshcheryakov et al. | Corrected System of Frequency-Current Control of Induction Motor with Phase Wound with Improved Energy and Dynamic Performance |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI NL PT SE |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19990604 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Free format text: AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI NL PT SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19991223 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI NL PT SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20011017 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20011017 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20011017 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 207260 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 20011115 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: HUG INTERLIZENZ AG Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69802042 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20011122 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020117 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020117 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020117 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020118 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020430 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20020612 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20030520 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20030530 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040630 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050101 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20050101 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20150618 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20150619 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20150619 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20150622 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 69802042 Country of ref document: DE |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20160612 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20170228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160630 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170103 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160612 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160612 |