EP0881433A2 - Burner for the combustion of fuel - Google Patents
Burner for the combustion of fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0881433A2 EP0881433A2 EP98304264A EP98304264A EP0881433A2 EP 0881433 A2 EP0881433 A2 EP 0881433A2 EP 98304264 A EP98304264 A EP 98304264A EP 98304264 A EP98304264 A EP 98304264A EP 0881433 A2 EP0881433 A2 EP 0881433A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- passage
- air
- burner
- flow
- combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
- F23D1/02—Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
Definitions
- the present invention relates to burners and in particular to burners which yield low levels of nitrogen oxide in their combustion products.
- Burners are therefore designed to reduce the amount of pollutants, especially nitrogen oxides, that they produce in operation.
- the amount of nitrogen oxide emitted in combustion products depends upon the flame temperature, the amount of oxygen available during combustion and the nitrogen content of the fuel.
- annular passages through which the supplementary flows of air pass are divergent.
- the outlets of the annular passages diverge to discharge the supplementary flows of air at an angle to the mixed flow of fuel and air.
- the divergent passages cause interaction between the flames from adjacent burners. The interaction between the flames from adjacent burners causes the generation of additional NOx.
- the present invention seeks to provide an improved burner which controls the flame shape to reduce the interaction between flames from adjacent burners in the combustion chamber.
- the flame can be optimised to meet the furnace geometry leading to an overall reduction of pollutant emissions.
- a burner for the combustion of fuel comprises at least one passage through which in operation a mixed flow of fuel and air passes for primary combustion at an outlet from said passage and an at least one further annular passage, concentric with and radially outward of the first passage, through which a supplementary flow of air passes for discharge at an outlet for combustion with the products of said primary combustion, an additional air passage being provided adjacent the at least one further annular passage through which the flow of supplementary air passes to control the shape of the flame, characterised in that the at least one further annular passage is divergent at its outlet.
- the additional air passage is radially outward of the at least one annular passage through which the supplementary flow of air passes.
- the additional air passage may inject air parallel to the central axis of the burner or the additional air passage may inject air inwardly towards the central axis of the burner.
- the air is injected radially inwardly by an angle of the order of 40° relative to the central axis of the burner. This may be important in controlling the rear burner flame reactions and hence overall NOx emissions.
- the at least one further annular passage may be provided with a plurality of members which obstruct the discharge of the supplementary flow of air.
- the obstruction members are wedge shaped.
- the obstruction members may extend across the additional air passage or separate obstruction members may be provided in the additional air passage. Different numbers of obstruction members may be provided in the at least one further passage through which the supplementary flow of air passes and in the additional air passage.
- the at least one further passage is convergent and has guide vanes located therein.
- the amount of air passing through the inlet to the at least one further passage is controlled by an annular baffle plate.
- two further annular passages are provided both of which are concentric with the at least one first passage and which provide supplementary air flows for combustion with the products of primary combustion.
- Vanes are provided in the radially inner annular passage which swirl the supplementary flow of air passing therethrough.
- the vanes may be axially moveable to vary the degree of swirl in the supplementary air passing therethrough.
- the at least one further passage may be provided with elements which produce fuel rich areas in the air and fuel mixture passing therethrough and with flow disturbing means which modify the flow pattern of the air and fuel mixture at the outlet of the at least one first passage.
- the flow disturbing members are located in the wake of the flow from the elements.
- FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal cross-section through a burner constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 2 is a longitudinal cross-section through a burner constructed in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 3 is a longitudinal cross-section through a burner in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
- a burner 10 is mounted in the wall 12 of a furnace.
- the burner 10 may be one of several mounted in the wall 12, each burner injects ignited fuel into the furnace.
- Each burner 10 extends along a central axis A and comprises coaxial tubes 14, 16, 18 and 20 which define a series of concentric passages 22, 24, 26 and 28.
- a burner gun 30 which injects ignited fuel into the furnace.
- a mixed flow of fuel and air passes through the central passage 22 for primary combustion at the outlet of the burner 10.
- Fuel is suspended in the primary flow of combustion air which passes through the central passage 22 in a spiralling stream.
- a series of deflecting elements 32 are mounted at equiangular spacings about the central axis of the passage 22.
- the deflecting elements 32 are blade-like members which have curved cross section and which extend parallel to the central axis of the passage 22.
- the fuel suspended in the primary combustion air flow impinges upon the curved faces of the deflecting elements 32 to produce a series of regions with a high fuel-air ratio downstream of the elements 32.
- Flow disturbing members 34 are located at the outlet end of the passage 22 downstream of the deflecting elements 32.
- the members 34 are wedge shaped with bluff downstream edges and are located in the wake of the flow from the deflecting elements 32.
- the amount of secondary and tertiary air supplied to the annular passages 24 and 26 is controlled by an annular sleeve damper 36.
- the sleeve damper is actuated by control rods 37.
- a set of blades 38 is provided in the annular passage 24.
- the blades 38 swirl the secondary air before it passes to the outlet of the annular passage 24 which is divergent.
- the blades 38 are mounted so they can be rotated but are fixed axially. It will however be appreciated by one skilled in the art that in other burner configurations it may be beneficial to be able to move the blades 38 axially to vary the degree of swirl in the secondary air passing to the divergent outlet of the passage 24.
- a tertiary flow of combustion air is supplied to the annular passage 26.
- the outlet of the annular passage 26 is divergent and is partially blocked by wedge shaped plates 40.
- the tertiary combustion air flow is directed radially outward and discharges into the furnace through four quadrant apertures. Spaces are created in the tertiary combustion flow as it discharges into the furnace. The spaces are filled by an inward flow of hot inert furnace gases which penetrate between the secondary and tertiary air flows.
- An additional air passage 28 is provided radially outward of the annular passage 26 through which the tertiary air is supplied. Air passes through the passage 28 and is injected into the furnace to deflect the tertiary air and hence control the shape of the flame. The shape of the flame is controlled to prevent interaction between the flames from adjacent burners and reduce the generation of additional NOx.
- the additional air passage 28 is angled inwardly towards the central axis of the burner 10.
- the additional air passage 28 injects air inwardly to control the angle of the tertiary combustion air.
- the best flame control was attained with the additional air passage 28 inclined by an angle of 40° to the central axis of the burner 10.
- Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the present invention in which the additional air passage 28 is horizontal to the central axis of the burner 10. The air is injected horizontally into the furnace to control the tertiary air.
- Figure 3 shows a further embodiment of the present invention in which the additional air passage 28 is horizontal to the central axis of the burner 10 however the sloping outer wall of the tertiary passage 26 is cut back.
- the additional air register 28 could be an either radially inward or radially outward of the passages 24 and 26 through which the supplementary air flows.
- the wedge shaped plates 40 in the passage 26 through which the tertiary combustion air passes may also extend across the outlet of the additional air passage 28.
- separate wedge shaped plates 40 could be provided at the outlet of the additional air passage 28.
- Different numbers of wedge shaped plates may be provided in the outlet to the tertiary passage 26 and the additional air register 28 and the wedge shaped plates may be at different locations.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (17)
- A burner for the combustion of fuel comprises at least one passage through which in operation a mixed flow of fuel and air passes for primary combustion at an outlet from said passage and an at least one further annular passage, concentric with and radially outward of the first passage, through which a supplementary flow of air passes for discharge at an outlet for combustion with the products of said primary combustion, an additional air passage being provided adjacent the at least one further annular passage through which the flow of supplementary air passes to control the shape of the flame, characterised in that the at least one further annular passage is divergent at its outlet.
- A burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the additional air passage is radially outward of the at least one annular passage through which the supplementary flow of air passes.
- A burner as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the additional air passage injects air parallel to a central axis of the burner.
- A burner as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the additional air passage injects air inwards towards a central axis of the burner.
- A burner as claimed in claim 4, wherein the additional air passage injects air inwardly by an angle of the order of 40° to the central axis of the burner.
- A burner as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the at least one further annular passage may be provided with a plurality of members which obstruct the discharge of the supplementary flow of air.
- A burner as claimed in claim 6, wherein the obstruction members are wedge shaped.
- A burner as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the obstruction members extend across the additional air passage.
- A burner as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein separate obstruction members are provided in the additional air passage.
- A burner as claimed in claim 9, wherein the additional air passage is provided with a different number of obstruction members than the at least one further passage.
- A burner as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the at least one further passage is convergent and has guide vanes located therein.
- A burner as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the amount of air passing through the inlet to the at least one further passage is controlled by an annular baffle plate.
- A burner as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein two further annular passages are provided both of which are concentric with the at least one first passage and provide supplementary air flows for combustion with the products of primary combustion.
- A burner as claimed in claim 13, wherein vanes are provided in the radially inner annular passage which swirl the supplementary flow of air passing therethrough.
- A burner as claimed in claim 14, wherein the vanes are axially moveable to vary the degree of swirl in the supplementary air passing therethrough.
- A burner as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the at least one further passage may be provided with elements which produce fuel rich areas in the air and fuel mixture passing therethrough and with flow disturbing means which modify the flow pattern of the air and fuel mixture at the outlet of the at least one first passage.
- A burner as claimed in claim 16, wherein the flow disturbing members are located in the wake of the flow from the elements.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9710949 | 1997-05-29 | ||
GB9710949A GB2325729A (en) | 1997-05-29 | 1997-05-29 | A burner |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0881433A2 true EP0881433A2 (en) | 1998-12-02 |
EP0881433A3 EP0881433A3 (en) | 1999-09-22 |
Family
ID=10813146
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98304264A Withdrawn EP0881433A3 (en) | 1997-05-29 | 1998-05-29 | Burner for the combustion of fuel |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0881433A3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2325729A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107101199A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-29 | 佛山市德力泰科技有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving burner of use water-gas fuel |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0343767A1 (en) | 1988-03-04 | 1989-11-29 | Northern Engineering Industries Plc | Burner for the combustion of pulverised fuel |
EP0667488A2 (en) | 1994-02-10 | 1995-08-16 | ROLLS-ROYCE POWER ENGINEERING plc | Burner for the combustion of fuel |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4373900A (en) * | 1979-11-23 | 1983-02-15 | Pillard, Inc. | Burner for a kiln |
DE3104054A1 (en) * | 1981-02-06 | 1982-08-12 | Kümmel, Joachim, Dipl.-Ing., 4044 Kaarst | BURNER FOR THE COMBUSTION OF DUST-MADE FUELS |
GB2094969B (en) * | 1981-03-13 | 1985-01-03 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Method of combustion of pulverised coal by pulverised coal burner |
US4523530A (en) * | 1982-02-26 | 1985-06-18 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Powdery coal burner |
US4443230A (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1984-04-17 | Texaco Inc. | Partial oxidation process for slurries of solid fuel |
US4690074A (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1987-09-01 | Norton Charles L | Coal combustion system |
US5588380A (en) * | 1995-05-23 | 1996-12-31 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Diffuser for coal nozzle burner |
-
1997
- 1997-05-29 GB GB9710949A patent/GB2325729A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-05-29 EP EP98304264A patent/EP0881433A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0343767A1 (en) | 1988-03-04 | 1989-11-29 | Northern Engineering Industries Plc | Burner for the combustion of pulverised fuel |
EP0667488A2 (en) | 1994-02-10 | 1995-08-16 | ROLLS-ROYCE POWER ENGINEERING plc | Burner for the combustion of fuel |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107101199A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-29 | 佛山市德力泰科技有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving burner of use water-gas fuel |
CN107101199B (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2023-09-15 | 佛山市德力泰科技有限公司 | Energy-saving burner using water gas fuel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0881433A3 (en) | 1999-09-22 |
GB2325729A (en) | 1998-12-02 |
GB9710949D0 (en) | 1997-07-23 |
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