EP0880432B1 - Method for the manufacture of concrete products - Google Patents

Method for the manufacture of concrete products Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0880432B1
EP0880432B1 EP97902383A EP97902383A EP0880432B1 EP 0880432 B1 EP0880432 B1 EP 0880432B1 EP 97902383 A EP97902383 A EP 97902383A EP 97902383 A EP97902383 A EP 97902383A EP 0880432 B1 EP0880432 B1 EP 0880432B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould
concrete
moulds
concrete product
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97902383A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0880432A1 (en
Inventor
Heikki PAKISJÄRVI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Specifinn Oy
Original Assignee
Specifinn Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Specifinn Oy filed Critical Specifinn Oy
Publication of EP0880432A1 publication Critical patent/EP0880432A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0880432B1 publication Critical patent/EP0880432B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0002—Auxiliary parts or elements of the mould
    • B28B7/0014—Fastening means for mould parts, e.g. for attaching mould walls on mould tables; Mould clamps
    • B28B7/0017—Fastening means for mould parts, e.g. for attaching mould walls on mould tables; Mould clamps for attaching mould walls on mould tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0029—Moulds or moulding surfaces not covered by B28B7/0058 - B28B7/36 and B28B7/40 - B28B7/465, e.g. moulds assembled from several parts
    • B28B7/0035—Moulds characterised by the way in which the sidewalls of the mould and the moulded article move with respect to each other during demoulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
    • B28B7/42—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for heating or cooling, e.g. steam jackets, by means of treating agents acting directly on the moulding material

Definitions

  • the subject of this invention is a method for manufacturing concrete products for buildings in which method concrete is poured into the mould, the material of which mould is manufactured from a heat expanding material, the temperature of the mould is altered after the pouring of the concrete, the mould is removed after a suitable period of time from around the concrete product and the concrete product is then moved on for possible further processing.
  • moulds are constructed from material suitable for the purpose and the moulds can be assembled and dismantled such that the same mould can be used over and over again in the manufacture of concrete products.
  • the moulds or parts of the moulds are removed from around the concrete product once the concrete product has sufficiently set, Whenever the components of the moulds are dismantled after each casting and then reassembled prior to the ensuing casting, they can sometimes be damaged or develop excess tolerance due to wear. In these circumstances the dimensions of the mould are not very accurate. In addition to this, considerable time is spent on assembling and dismantling procedures. This is expensive and the manufacture of concrete products using this method is very time consuming.
  • the purpose of this invention is to provide a method of manufacturing cast concrete products which can be utilised to eliminate the unsatisfactory aspects of the methods currently in use.
  • the purpose of this invention is to provide a method which, when put into use, can produce a significant increase in the level of production capacity achieved using present methods and which can achieve a noticeable reduction in the handling time of the moulds.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide a method which, when put into use, will produce a significant improvement in the accuracy of the measurements of the moulds compared with present methods.
  • the temperature of the a part of the mould is increased after the concrete is poured by heating a part of the mould, and that the temperature of moulds for forming voids in a concrete product, such as for door and window openings or other kind of openings, is decreased after the concrete is poured by cooling these moulds causing the sizes of the different parts of the mould to change due to the heat expansion, and the moulds and/or the concrete product are moved away from each other in order to remove the concrete product from the mould.
  • the adjustment to the temperature of the mould after the casting of the concrete causes the thermally expanding material to react by either expanding or contracting to the extent that a small gap forms between the concrete and the mould.
  • the temperature of a part of the mould is raised after casting by heating the part of the mould.
  • the part of the mould is warmed up it undergoes a thermal expansion and shifts slightly away from the surface of the concrete.
  • This method can be applied in such situations where the casting mould envelopes the concrete and the cast concrete is situated within the mould.
  • the heating of the part of the mould can be achieved by the use of various types of equipment which are especially suited for this purpose.
  • the mould can be heated as an entire unit, for example, by using a suitable warming intermediate agent such as a hot liquid which is fed through the inside of the mould via suitable channels, tubes or other similar means.
  • the temperature of the mould for forming voids is reduced after the concrete has been cast by cooling this mould. After the mould is cooled the mould contracts a little and the mould or the concrete product can be lifted away.
  • This kind of mould is used, for example, when forming voids in the middle of a concrete product such as for door and window openings or other kinds of openings.
  • the cooling is also carried out in this situation in a conventional manner by feeding a cooling intermediate agent either to the mould or to channels either inside it or on its surface or by other suitable means or by cooling the mould by some other means.
  • heat transmission equipment is connected to the mould which is used to adjust the temperature of the mould.
  • This kind of equipment can be, for example, channels or the equivalent with which the intermediate agent is fed into the mould and removed from it. It is also possible to use, for example, heating or cooling cables or the equivalent.
  • the equipment shown in figure 1 there is a stiff frame form 2 situated on the flush mould 1 into which the concrete 4 is cast when manufacturing the concrete product.
  • the arrangement shown also includes forms for window and door openings 3 situated within the mould 2.
  • the casting of the concrete is carried out in this equipment in the conventional manner by feeding the cast concrete into the space between the mould and the forms for the window and door openings and by allowing the concrete to set.
  • heat transmission equipment (not shown in the figure) is connected to the outer mould 2, with which the temperature of the mould can be increased, and heat transmission equipment (not shown in the figure) is connected to the forms for the window and door openings, with which the temperature of these moulds can be decreased by cooling them.
  • the cast concrete is fed into the inside of the moulds. Once the concrete 4 has set sufficiently the outer moulds 2 are heated, and the inner moulds 3 are cooled at the same time such that the moulds, having thermally expanded or contracted, shift away from the cast concrete.
  • the temperature difference during the casting and heating time can be around 100°C depending on the invention arrangements where, for example, if the temperature of the cast concrete is 30°C the temperature of the cast mould is raised to around 120-130°C. This results in sufficient heat expansion in, for example, steel. Other temperatures and suitable materials can also be used in different arrangements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a method for the manufacture of cast concrete products in which the concrete is poured into a casting mould (2), after a suitable period of time the mould (2, 3) is removed from around the concrete product (4) and the concrete product is then moved on for possible further processing. In the method according to the invention the mould material is manufactured from a heat expanding material and the temperature of the mould (2, 3) is altered after the pouring of the concrete causing the size of the mould to change due to the heat expansion and the mould (2, 3) and/or the concrete product are moved away from each other in order to remove the concrete product from the mould.

Description

The subject of this invention is a method for manufacturing concrete products for buildings in which method concrete is poured into the mould, the material of which mould is manufactured from a heat expanding material, the temperature of the mould is altered after the pouring of the concrete, the mould is removed after a suitable period of time from around the concrete product and the concrete product is then moved on for possible further processing.
In the casting of concrete products various types of moulds are used according to the particular application concerned. The moulds are constructed from material suitable for the purpose and the moulds can be assembled and dismantled such that the same mould can be used over and over again in the manufacture of concrete products. The moulds or parts of the moulds are removed from around the concrete product once the concrete product has sufficiently set, Whenever the components of the moulds are dismantled after each casting and then reassembled prior to the ensuing casting, they can sometimes be damaged or develop excess tolerance due to wear. In these circumstances the dimensions of the mould are not very accurate. In addition to this, considerable time is spent on assembling and dismantling procedures. This is expensive and the manufacture of concrete products using this method is very time consuming.
It is also a recognised method to use a material in the casting moulds for concrete products that can be removed by melting it away from around the concrete product. These kinds of casting moulds are suitable for specific purposes and it is not possible to utilise them in mass production.
From DE, 414361, C, it is known a method for pouring cement containing material in a mould of metal, as copper, which is expanded by heating, and the mould and product of cement material are moved away from each other. In this method heating expands the whole mould.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a method of manufacturing cast concrete products which can be utilised to eliminate the unsatisfactory aspects of the methods currently in use. In particular, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method which, when put into use, can produce a significant increase in the level of production capacity achieved using present methods and which can achieve a noticeable reduction in the handling time of the moulds. In addition, the purpose of the invention is to provide a method which, when put into use, will produce a significant improvement in the accuracy of the measurements of the moulds compared with present methods.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the method which possesses the characteristics presented in the appended claims.
According to the invention the temperature of the a part of the mould is increased after the concrete is poured by heating a part of the mould, and that the temperature of moulds for forming voids in a concrete product, such as for door and window openings or other kind of openings, is decreased after the concrete is poured by cooling these moulds causing the sizes of the different parts of the mould to change due to the heat expansion, and the moulds and/or the concrete product are moved away from each other in order to remove the concrete product from the mould. The adjustment to the temperature of the mould after the casting of the concrete causes the thermally expanding material to react by either expanding or contracting to the extent that a small gap forms between the concrete and the mould. This makes it possible for the mould to be removed from around the concrete product as a whole by raising it immediately after the concrete has set sufficiently or the concrete product can be removed from the mould. The concrete product is then moved on, possibly for further processing, and the next concrete product can then be cast immediately so that use can be made of the mould on a continuous basis. Working time is reduced significantly and production capacity is increased when there is no time consumption in the assembly and dismantling of the mould. The measurements of the concrete product are also accurate.
When using the method according to this invention the temperature of a part of the mould is raised after casting by heating the part of the mould. When the part of the mould is warmed up it undergoes a thermal expansion and shifts slightly away from the surface of the concrete. This method can be applied in such situations where the casting mould envelopes the concrete and the cast concrete is situated within the mould. The heating of the part of the mould can be achieved by the use of various types of equipment which are especially suited for this purpose. The mould can be heated as an entire unit, for example, by using a suitable warming intermediate agent such as a hot liquid which is fed through the inside of the mould via suitable channels, tubes or other similar means. Alternatively, it is possible for the mould to be heated by using electrical methods or by other means suitable for this purpose.
According to the invention the temperature of the mould for forming voids is reduced after the concrete has been cast by cooling this mould. After the mould is cooled the mould contracts a little and the mould or the concrete product can be lifted away. This kind of mould is used, for example, when forming voids in the middle of a concrete product such as for door and window openings or other kinds of openings. The cooling is also carried out in this situation in a conventional manner by feeding a cooling intermediate agent either to the mould or to channels either inside it or on its surface or by other suitable means or by cooling the mould by some other means.
In one advantageous embodiment of this invention, heat transmission equipment is connected to the mould which is used to adjust the temperature of the mould. This kind of equipment can be, for example, channels or the equivalent with which the intermediate agent is fed into the mould and removed from it. It is also possible to use, for example, heating or cooling cables or the equivalent.
In the following, the invention is defined in more detail with reference to the attached illustrations, in which:
  • Figure 1 demonstrates an application of the equipment viewed from above as an arrangement of the method according to the invention.
    • In the equipment shown in figure 1 there is a stiff frame form 2 situated on the flush mould 1 into which the concrete 4 is cast when manufacturing the concrete product. The arrangement shown also includes forms for window and door openings 3 situated within the mould 2. The casting of the concrete is carried out in this equipment in the conventional manner by feeding the cast concrete into the space between the mould and the forms for the window and door openings and by allowing the concrete to set.
    In the equipment shown in figure 3 heat transmission equipment (not shown in the figure) is connected to the outer mould 2, with which the temperature of the mould can be increased, and heat transmission equipment (not shown in the figure) is connected to the forms for the window and door openings, with which the temperature of these moulds can be decreased by cooling them.
    In the manufacture of concrete products using the equipment shown in figure 1 the cast concrete is fed into the inside of the moulds. Once the concrete 4 has set sufficiently the outer moulds 2 are heated, and the inner moulds 3 are cooled at the same time such that the moulds, having thermally expanded or contracted, shift away from the cast concrete.
    The temperature difference during the casting and heating time can be around 100°C depending on the invention arrangements where, for example, if the temperature of the cast concrete is 30°C the temperature of the cast mould is raised to around 120-130°C. This results in sufficient heat expansion in, for example, steel. Other temperatures and suitable materials can also be used in different arrangements.
    When the moulds 2, 3 separate from the concrete products a small gap is created between the concrete product and the moulds. Following this, the moulds can be removed as a whole from around the concrete product by lifting them away. It is also possible to keep the moulds in position and to remove the concrete products. This method results in a significant increase in the production capacity and reduces the time required in handling the moulds.

    Claims (2)

    1. A method for manufacturing concrete products for buildings in which method concrete is poured into the mould (2), the material of which mould is manufactured from a heat expanding material, the temperature of the mould (2, 3) is altered after the pouring of the concrete, the mould (2, 3) is removed after a suitable period of time from around the concrete product (4) and the concrete product is then moved on for possible further processing, characterized in that the temperature of the a part of the mould (2) is increased after the concrete is poured by heating a part of the mould, and that the temperature of moulds (3) for forming voids in a concrete product, such as for door and window openings or other kind of openings, is decreased after the concrete is poured by cooling these moulds (3) causing the sizes of the different parts of the mould to change due to the heat expansion, and the mould (2, 3) and/or the concrete product are moved away from each other in order to remove the concrete product from the mould.
    2. A method according to the claim 1, characterized in that heat transmission equipment is connected to the mould (2, 3) with which the temperature of the mould is changed.
    EP97902383A 1996-02-07 1997-02-06 Method for the manufacture of concrete products Expired - Lifetime EP0880432B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FI960551 1996-02-07
    FI960551A FI960551A0 (en) 1996-02-07 1996-02-07 Foerfarande Foer framstaellning av en betongprodukt
    PCT/FI1997/000069 WO1997028940A1 (en) 1996-02-07 1997-02-06 Method for the manufacture of concrete products

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0880432A1 EP0880432A1 (en) 1998-12-02
    EP0880432B1 true EP0880432B1 (en) 2002-10-02

    Family

    ID=8545327

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP97902383A Expired - Lifetime EP0880432B1 (en) 1996-02-07 1997-02-06 Method for the manufacture of concrete products

    Country Status (9)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0880432B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE225241T1 (en)
    AU (1) AU1604597A (en)
    DE (1) DE69716039D1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2184988T3 (en)
    FI (1) FI960551A0 (en)
    IL (1) IL125594A (en)
    PL (1) PL328090A1 (en)
    WO (1) WO1997028940A1 (en)

    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2012172178A2 (en) 2011-06-16 2012-12-20 Eaglefinn Oy A mould for a building module and method of using such

    Family Cites Families (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE414361C (en) * 1923-03-02 1925-05-28 Arnold Jacobs Process for casting moldings from magnesia cement
    DE474777C (en) * 1925-10-06 1929-04-16 Alphons Horten Process and device for the production of concrete pipes with a smooth inner surface
    US3897928A (en) * 1970-02-20 1975-08-05 Paul Eisler Mold having electrical heating film for treating cast material
    DE3142426A1 (en) * 1981-10-26 1983-05-05 M.Meisinger KG, 8890 Aichach Process for manufacturing double-shell prefabricated concrete parts as prefabricated elements with window and door openings and form for carrying out this process

    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2012172178A2 (en) 2011-06-16 2012-12-20 Eaglefinn Oy A mould for a building module and method of using such

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    ES2184988T3 (en) 2003-04-16
    EP0880432A1 (en) 1998-12-02
    IL125594A0 (en) 1999-03-12
    DE69716039D1 (en) 2002-11-07
    PL328090A1 (en) 1999-01-04
    ATE225241T1 (en) 2002-10-15
    AU1604597A (en) 1997-08-28
    WO1997028940A1 (en) 1997-08-14
    FI960551A0 (en) 1996-02-07
    IL125594A (en) 2001-03-19

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