EP0874925A1 - Process for the manufacture of spiralled bristles - Google Patents

Process for the manufacture of spiralled bristles

Info

Publication number
EP0874925A1
EP0874925A1 EP96931013A EP96931013A EP0874925A1 EP 0874925 A1 EP0874925 A1 EP 0874925A1 EP 96931013 A EP96931013 A EP 96931013A EP 96931013 A EP96931013 A EP 96931013A EP 0874925 A1 EP0874925 A1 EP 0874925A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
monofilament
cross
bristles
extruded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96931013A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0874925B1 (en
Inventor
Georg Weihrauch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Coronet Werke GmbH
Original Assignee
Coronet Werke GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Coronet Werke GmbH filed Critical Coronet Werke GmbH
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing spiral bristles from plastic by extruding monofilaments.
  • Bristles for brush goods of any kind develop their brushing effect first and foremost through the free ends of the bristles, which tear open the soiled surface and remove the dirt by scratching and scraping. When the pressure is increased, the bristles fold over and become effective with their outer surface. They slide more smoothly and pushingly over the surface with a gentler effect.
  • profiled bristles are also known, in which the profile edges have a more abrasive effect when the bristle is folded over.
  • bristles for car wash brushes with a spiral profile are known (DE-U-93 19 214, DE-A-1 140 901) with a very large pitch of the spiral. This, in turn, is intended to reduce the strong scraping effect of profiled bristles by locally engaging only part of the helix.
  • Such a bristle with a steep spiral should pass through Twisting a monofilament with an essentially star-shaped cross section can be obtained. How this happens in detail and in particular should lead to a stable bristle with good straightening ability remains open with this prior art.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a method by means of which spiral bristles of the same and predeterminable quality as conventional bristles can be produced inexpensively.
  • this task is fertilized by extruding a monofilament with a cross-section deviating from the circular shape and pre-stretching it while reducing it, then stretching it further, then twisting it over at least part of its length to form a spiral bristle material and stabilizing it after the twisting by thermal shrinking .
  • the pre-stretching takes place immediately when the monofilament is drawn off on the extruder, while the further stretching after cooling, e.g. after passing the monofilament through a water bath.
  • a profiled bristle with strength properties is obtained, as are known from conventional, non-profiled bristles.
  • a spiral-shaped or helical bristle material is obtained from the monofilament due to its cross-section deviating from the circular shape.
  • the resulting spiral is obtained from the profile of the monofilament projecting beyond the circular shape and can either extend over the entire length of the bristle or can be formed only over part of its length.
  • Stabilization after twisting can be carried out in a known manner by exposure to an elevated temperature or by
  • the coiled, spiral bristle material is stored at room temperature or at a higher temperature in order to fix the bristle material in the desired shape.
  • the monofilament is preferably pre-stabilized by thermal shrinkage after further stretching and before twisting. During this pre-stabilization, the monofilament is subjected to heat and then cooled, so that the monofilament shrinks. In connection with the further stabilization after twisting ensures that the twist of the monofilament is permanently fixed.
  • the monofilament produced by extrusion can have an oval or polygonal cross section.
  • a bristle material with two coils running over the surface is produced.
  • the number of coils corresponds to the number of corners.
  • a rectangular, in particular square, cross section is preferably selected, so that four coils are formed on the jacket.
  • a monofilament with a core and at least one axially parallel rib can also be extruded and twisted.
  • a bristle material with helices is created, the height of which can be selected in accordance with the height of the ribs, so that comparatively deep channels are formed on the bristle.
  • the at least one rib or at least one edge of the polygonal cross-section differs in color from the core of the monofilament by extruding different-colored plastics, for example a white or transparent bristle with a helix in one in the core Signal color. If pigments are used for coloring, the helix has a harder and at the same time abrasive surface.
  • the core and the at least one rib or at least one edge of the polygonal cross section are preferably made of different plastics.
  • the resulting spiral can thus be adapted to certain operating conditions, in particular its hardness.
  • ribs made of relatively soft material dirt can be gently removed from carpets, for example.
  • a relatively hard material for the rib or ribs enables efficient cleaning of the teeth, for example in dental care.
  • An intensive brushing effect, for example for removing rust, can be achieved with ribs made of abrasive material.
  • the user can be given an indication of the brush properties of the respective brush by a different color design of the core and the ribs.
  • the bristles must have a predetermined stiffness.
  • an adaptation of the rigidity can be achieved if the monofilament is extruded from a core, a jacket surrounding it, from different plastics. Due to the choice of material, the core, for example, can have typical properties of a bristle with regard to its bending capacity, while the jacket has the properties that are most suitable for the intended purpose.
  • the ribs running on the jacket can either consist of its material or a different material.
  • Another solution of the invention is based on the extrusion of monofilaments with, for example, a circular cross section.
  • Such a process is characterized by the fact that at least two monofilaments are pre-stretched and subsequently stretched further, while reducing their cross-sections, any bristle material are twisted together and stabilized after the twisting by thermal shrinking.
  • the spiral-profiled lateral surface of the bristle is obtained by at least two monofilaments of any cross-section type twisted together. They obtain their stability from the type of manufacture customary for bristles.
  • the monofilaments can be stabilized by thermal shrinkage after further stretching and before twisting.
  • This stabilization can also be carried out by the action of elevated temperature or by storing the wound-up bristle material at room temperature or a temperature which is higher than that.
  • the brushing effect depends, among other things, on the degree of twisting in relation to the effective length of a bristle or of the bristle material, i.e. on the pitch of the helix formed as a result of the twisting. It has been shown that the pitch of the helix should not be greater than twice the useful length of the bristle, so that a helix rotating around 180 ° is present along the useful length. However, the helix preferably has a smaller pitch, which can be up to the size of the diameter of the bristle material. For toothbrushes, a slope has proven to be favorable in which there are at least two, preferably three to five turns per cm of bristle length.
  • the monofilament or the monofilaments consist of an elastic plastic.
  • the bristles made from the bristle material can be stretched in the longitudinal direction, which in turn reduces their diameter brings, so that they can be inserted into a toothbrush when used in toothbrushes or as an interdental cleaner, but cannot get stuck in it.
  • the bristle stretches when pulled out and can also twist open.
  • the bristle material produced according to the invention can be used with a variety of brushes with particular advantages.
  • the deepened spaces present between the spirals running on the surface are particularly suitable for picking up and storing the dirt loosened during brushing and only releasing it at the end of the brush section.
  • This advantageous effect is effective, for example, with carpet brushes, vacuum cleaner brushes, polishing brushes, etc.
  • these spaces formed between the coils can serve to hold media that are to be applied. This is the case, for example, with hair brushes, painter brushes, cosmetic brushes, etc.
  • the different cleaning effects of the bristle ends and the flanks of the coils can advantageously be combined with one another. This applies, for example, to toothbrushes, massage brushes, brooms, sweeping rollers, rust removal brushes, etc.
  • individual or bundled spiral bristles can be used in a particularly advantageous manner as interdental brushes, which are much better due to reciprocation in the interdental spaces Develop cleaning effect, since constantly changing cross-sections come into effect. Even if such an interdenal cleaner jams in tight gaps, it will not tear off, but can be pulled out easily by being twisted open. Finally, very gentle care treatment can also be achieved if the spiral cross section is rounded accordingly.
  • An interdental cleaner has further advantages if it is twisted only in a partial area of its length.
  • the untwisted portion has smaller cross-sectional dimensions and is therefore easier to insert into an interdental space. This introduction can be made even easier if the undrilled portion has at least one section, for example a cross section flattened by pressing.
  • spiral bristles can be combined with bristles of a different configuration and processed together.

Abstract

This invention concerns a process for the manufacture of spiralled bristles by extrusion of a monofil. In order to create a process by which cost-effectively to produce bristles of the same uniform and predetermined quality as traditional bristles, a monofil with a non circular cross-section is to be produced which, when pulled-off, is pretensioned causing a reduction in its cross-section, then further tensioned after which it is twisted over at least a part of its length to form a spiral bristle and finally it is stabilized by shrinking. In this way, a monofil with an oval or polygonal cross-section or with a core and at least one rib running longitudinally along it can be extruded. A further process can be envisaged whereby at least two monofils can, when pulled-off, be pretensioned causing a reduction in their cross-section, then further tensioned, twisted together and heat shrunk to form a stable bristle material.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung spiraliger Borsten Process for the production of spiral bristles
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung spiraliger Borsten aus Kunststoff durch Extrudieren von Monofilen.The invention relates to a method for producing spiral bristles from plastic by extruding monofilaments.
Borεten für Bürstenwaren beliebiger Art entfalten ihre Bürstwirkung zunächst und vornehmlich durch die freien Enden der Borsten, die die verschmutzte Fläche aufreißen und durch Kratzen und Schaben den Schmutz entfernen. Bei stärkerem Andruck legen sich die Borsten um und werden mit ihrer Mantelfläche wirksam. Sie gleiten mehr strei¬ chend und schiebend über die Oberfläche mit einer schon- enderen Wirkung.Bristles for brush goods of any kind develop their brushing effect first and foremost through the free ends of the bristles, which tear open the soiled surface and remove the dirt by scratching and scraping. When the pressure is increased, the bristles fold over and become effective with their outer surface. They slide more smoothly and pushingly over the surface with a gentler effect.
Neben kreisrunden Borsten mit den vorgenannten Wirkungen sind auch profilierte Borsten bekannt, bei denen die Profilkanten beim Umlegen der Borste eine stärker scha¬ bende Wirkung entfalten. Ferner sind Borsten für Auto¬ waschbürsten mit einem spiraligen Profil bekannt (DE-U-93 19 214, DE-A-1 140 901) mit einer sehr großen Steigung der Spirale. Hiermit soll wiederum die von profilierten Borsten her stark schabende Wirkung gemindert werden, indem lokal immer nur ein Teil der Wendel im Eingriff ist. Eine solche Borste mit steiler Wendel soll durch Verdrillen eines Monofils mit im wesentlichen sternförmi¬ gem Querschnitt erhalten werden. Wie dies im einzelnen geschehen und insbesondere zu einer stabilen Borste mit einem guten Wiederaufrichtvermögen führen soll, bleibt bei diesem Stand der Technik offen.In addition to circular bristles with the abovementioned effects, profiled bristles are also known, in which the profile edges have a more abrasive effect when the bristle is folded over. Furthermore, bristles for car wash brushes with a spiral profile are known (DE-U-93 19 214, DE-A-1 140 901) with a very large pitch of the spiral. This, in turn, is intended to reduce the strong scraping effect of profiled bristles by locally engaging only part of the helix. Such a bristle with a steep spiral should pass through Twisting a monofilament with an essentially star-shaped cross section can be obtained. How this happens in detail and in particular should lead to a stable bristle with good straightening ability remains open with this prior art.
Es ist ferner bekannt, konische Borsten an ihrer Mantel¬ fläche mit einer Wendel zu versehen (DE-U-85 22 986) . Dies geschieht durch nachträgliches Anformen der Wendel oder durch Spritzen der Borste. Diese Borste hat insbe¬ sondere den Zweck, bei Haarbürsten das Auftragen von Medien zu erleichtern und zu verbessern. Gespritzte oder nachträglich profilierte Borsten benötigen aber einen nennenswerten Querschnitt, um ausreichend biegefest zu sein. Sie sind daher eher als Stifte, denn als Borsten zu bezeichnen.It is also known to provide conical bristles on their outer surface with a helix (DE-U-85 22 986). This is done by subsequently shaping the helix or by spraying the bristle. This bristle has the particular purpose of facilitating and improving the application of media in the case of hair brushes. Sprayed or subsequently profiled bristles require a notable cross-section in order to be sufficiently resistant to bending. They are therefore to be described as pins rather than bristles.
Schließlich iεt es bekannt (DE-A-16 60 646) , εchrauben- förmige Fasern durch Extrudieren eineε Monofilε unter starker Scherbeanεpruchung herzuεtellen, so daß es zuFinally, it is known (DE-A-16 60 646) to produce screw-shaped fibers by extruding a monofilament under high shear stress, so that it becomes
Schmelzbrüchen kommt. Die Schraubenform wird also unmit¬ telbar an der Extruderdüse erzeugt und durch schlagarti¬ ges Abkühlen nach der Düse fixiert. Aufgrund der starken Scherbeanspruchung, die bewußt zu Schmelzbrüchen führen soll, und das schlagartige Abschrecken des noch schmelz¬ plastischen Materials leidet die Stabilität der Faser ganz beträchtlich. Die Faser ist als Borstenmaterial nicht einsetzbar. Zudem läßt sich die Seigung der Schrau¬ benwandel überhaupt nicht beeinflussen.Melt breaks are coming. The screw shape is thus produced directly on the extruder nozzle and fixed by sudden cooling after the nozzle. Because of the strong shear stress, which is said to deliberately lead to melt fractures, and the sudden quenching of the still melt-plastic material, the stability of the fiber suffers considerably. The fiber cannot be used as a bristle material. In addition, the pitch of the screw change cannot be influenced at all.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren vorzuschlagen, mit dessen Hilfe spiralige Borsten in gleicher und vorbestimmbarer Qualität wie herkömmliche Borsten in preiswerter Weise hergestellt werden können.The invention is based on the object of proposing a method by means of which spiral bristles of the same and predeterminable quality as conventional bristles can be produced inexpensively.
Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß einer ersten Variante der Erfin- düng dadurch gelöst, daß ein Monofil mit einem von der Kreisform abweichenden Querschnitt extrudiert und beim Abziehen unter Verringerung seines Querschnittes vorver¬ streckt, anschließend weiterverstreckt, daraufhin auf zumindest einem Teil seiner Länge zu einem spiraligen Borstenmaterial verdrillt und nach dem Verdrillen durch thermisches Schrumpfen stabilisiert wird.According to a first variant of the invention, this task is fertilized by extruding a monofilament with a cross-section deviating from the circular shape and pre-stretching it while reducing it, then stretching it further, then twisting it over at least part of its length to form a spiral bristle material and stabilizing it after the twisting by thermal shrinking .
Das Vorverstrecken erfolgt unmittelbar beim Abzug des Monofils am Extruder, während das weitere Verstrecken nach dem Abkühlen, z.B. nach dem Durchlauf des Monofils durch ein Wasserbad erfolgt. Durch daε Vorverstrecken und anschließende weitere Verstrecken wird eine profilierte Borste mit Festigkeitseigenschaften erhalten, wie sie von herkömmlichen, nicht- profilierten Borsten bekannt sind. Durch das anschließende Verdrillen um die Monofilachse wird aus dem Monofil aufgrund seines von der Kreisform abweichenden Querschnitts ein spiraligeε bzw. schrauben¬ förmiges Borstenmaterial erhalten. Die auf diese Weise entstehende Wendel wird aus dem die Kreisform überragen¬ den Profil deε Monofils erhalten und kann sich entweder über die gesamte Länge der Borεte erεtrecken oder auch nur auf einem Teil ihrer Länge ausgebildet sein. Das Stabilisieren nach dem Verdrillen kann in bekannter Weise durch Einwirken einer erhöhten Temperatur oder durchThe pre-stretching takes place immediately when the monofilament is drawn off on the extruder, while the further stretching after cooling, e.g. after passing the monofilament through a water bath. By pre-stretching and subsequent further stretching, a profiled bristle with strength properties is obtained, as are known from conventional, non-profiled bristles. As a result of the subsequent twisting about the monofilament axis, a spiral-shaped or helical bristle material is obtained from the monofilament due to its cross-section deviating from the circular shape. The resulting spiral is obtained from the profile of the monofilament projecting beyond the circular shape and can either extend over the entire length of the bristle or can be formed only over part of its length. Stabilization after twisting can be carried out in a known manner by exposure to an elevated temperature or by
Lagern des aufgespulten, spiraligen Borstenmaterials bei Raumtemperatur oder einer demgegenüber erhöhten Tempera¬ tur erfolgen, um das Borstenmaterial in der gewünschten Form zu fixieren.The coiled, spiral bristle material is stored at room temperature or at a higher temperature in order to fix the bristle material in the desired shape.
Vorzugsweise wird das Monofil nach dem weiteren Ver¬ strecken und vor dem Verdrillen durch thermisches Schrum¬ pfen vorstabilisiert. Bei diesem Vorstabiliεieren wird daε Monofil mit Wärme beaufschlagt und anschließend abgekühlt, εo daß das Monofil schrumpft. In Verbindung mit dem weiteren Stabilisieren nach dem Verdrillen ist gewährleistet, daß der Drall des Monofils dauerhaft fixiert ist.The monofilament is preferably pre-stabilized by thermal shrinkage after further stretching and before twisting. During this pre-stabilization, the monofilament is subjected to heat and then cooled, so that the monofilament shrinks. In connection with the further stabilization after twisting ensures that the twist of the monofilament is permanently fixed.
Das durch Extrudieren hergestellte Monofil kann einen ovalen oder polygonalen Querschnitt aufweiεen. Im Falle eineε ovalen Querschnittes mit einem Drillzentrum in der Achse entsteht ein Borstenmaterial mit zwei über die Oberfläche laufenden Wendeln. Bei einem polygonalen Querschnitt ergibt sich eine der Anzahl der Ecken ent- sprechende Anzahl von Wendeln. Vorzugεweiεe wird ein rechteckiger, insbesondere quadratischer Querschnitt gewählt, so daß sich auf dem Mantel vier Wendeln auεbil- den.The monofilament produced by extrusion can have an oval or polygonal cross section. In the case of an oval cross section with a drill center in the axis, a bristle material with two coils running over the surface is produced. In the case of a polygonal cross-section, the number of coils corresponds to the number of corners. A rectangular, in particular square, cross section is preferably selected, so that four coils are formed on the jacket.
Stattdeεsen kann auch ein Monofil mit einem Kern und wenigstenε einer achsparallelen Rippe extrudiert und verdrillt werden. In dieεem Fall entεteht ein Borεtenma- terial mit Wendeln, deren Höhe entεprechend der Rippen¬ höhe vorwählbar iεt, εo daß an der Borste vergleichsweise tiefe Kanäle entstehen.Instead, a monofilament with a core and at least one axially parallel rib can also be extruded and twisted. In this case, a bristle material with helices is created, the height of which can be selected in accordance with the height of the ribs, so that comparatively deep channels are formed on the bristle.
Für bestimmte Einsatzgebiete muß sichergestellt sein, daß ein Benutzer Bürsten mit insbesondere abrasiv wirkenden εpiraligen Borsten als solche erkennt und diese nicht irrtümlicherweise verwendet, wie es beispielsweise bei Zahnbürsten zur Pflege empfindlichen Zahnfleischeε der Fall ist. In Weiterbildung der Erfindung iεt deshalb vorgesehen, daß die zumindest eine Rippe oder wenigstens eine Kante des polygonalen Querεchnitteε sich farblich von dem Kern deε Monofils unterscheidet, indem verschie¬ denfarbige Kunststoffe extrudiert werden, z.B. eine im Kern weiße oder transparente Borste mit einer Wendel in einer Signalfarbe. Werden zum Einfärben Pigmente verwen¬ det, weist die Wendel eine härtere und zugleich abrasive Oberfläche auf. Vorzugsweiεe beεtehen der Kern und die zumindeεt eine Rippe bzw. wenigstens eine Kante des polygonalen Quer¬ schnitts aus unterschiedlichen Kunstεtoffen. Somit kann die entstehende Wendel an bestimmte Einsatzbedingungen, insbeεondere hinεichtlich ihrer Härte angepaßt werden. Mit Rippen auε relativ weichem Material kann beispiels¬ weise aus Teppichen schonend Schmutz entfernt werden. Ein relativ hartes Material für die Rippe oder Rippen ermög¬ licht z.B. bei der Zahnpflege eine effiziente Reinigung der Zähne. Eine intensive Bürstwirkung beispielsweise zum Entfernern von Rost kann mit Rippen aus abrasivem Mate¬ rial erzielt werden. Auch hierbei kann dem Benutzer durch eine farblich unterεchiedliche Geεtaltung deε Kernε und der Rippen ein Hinweis auf die Bürεteigenschaften der jeweiligen Bürste gegeben werden.For certain fields of application, it must be ensured that a user recognizes brushes with, in particular, abrasive spiral bristles as such and does not use them in error, as is the case, for example, with toothbrushes for the care of sensitive gums. In a further development of the invention it is therefore provided that the at least one rib or at least one edge of the polygonal cross-section differs in color from the core of the monofilament by extruding different-colored plastics, for example a white or transparent bristle with a helix in one in the core Signal color. If pigments are used for coloring, the helix has a harder and at the same time abrasive surface. The core and the at least one rib or at least one edge of the polygonal cross section are preferably made of different plastics. The resulting spiral can thus be adapted to certain operating conditions, in particular its hardness. With ribs made of relatively soft material, dirt can be gently removed from carpets, for example. A relatively hard material for the rib or ribs enables efficient cleaning of the teeth, for example in dental care. An intensive brushing effect, for example for removing rust, can be achieved with ribs made of abrasive material. Here too, the user can be given an indication of the brush properties of the respective brush by a different color design of the core and the ribs.
Bei bestimmten Bürsten ist es notwendig, daß die Borεten eine vorbestimmte Steifigkeit besitzen müεεen. Eine Anpassung der Steifigkeit läßt sich in bevorzugter Ausge- εtaltung der Erfindung erzielen, wenn daε Monofil aus einer Seele, einem diese umgebenden Mantel aus unter¬ schiedlichen Kunstεtoffen extrudiert wird. Durch die Materialauεwahl kann beispielsweise die Seele typische Eigenschaften einer Borste hinεichtlich deε Biegevermö- genε besitzen, während der Mantel die für den Bestim¬ mungszweck am besten geeigneten Eigenschaften aufweist. Die auf dem Mantel verlaufenden Rippen können entweder auε dessen Material oder einem davon verschiedenen Mate¬ rial bestehen.With certain brushes it is necessary that the bristles must have a predetermined stiffness. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, an adaptation of the rigidity can be achieved if the monofilament is extruded from a core, a jacket surrounding it, from different plastics. Due to the choice of material, the core, for example, can have typical properties of a bristle with regard to its bending capacity, while the jacket has the properties that are most suitable for the intended purpose. The ribs running on the jacket can either consist of its material or a different material.
Eine andere Lösung der Erfindungεaufgäbe geht vom Extru¬ dieren von Monofilen mit beiεpielsweise kreiεförmigem Querschnitt aus. Ein εolches Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch auε, daß wenigstenε zwei Monofile beim Abziehen unter Verringerung ihreε Querεchnitteε vorverεtreckt und anεchließend weiterverstreckt, daraufhin zu einem spira- ligen Borstenmaterial miteinander verdrillt und nach dem Verdrillen durch thermischeε Schrumpfen εtabilisiert werden.Another solution of the invention is based on the extrusion of monofilaments with, for example, a circular cross section. Such a process is characterized by the fact that at least two monofilaments are pre-stretched and subsequently stretched further, while reducing their cross-sections, any bristle material are twisted together and stabilized after the twisting by thermal shrinking.
Hier wird alεo die εpiralig profilierte Mantelfläche der Borεte durch zumindeεt zwei miteinander verdrillte Mono- file beliebigen Querεchnittε Art erhalten. Ihre Stabili¬ tät erhalten εie durch die bei Borsten übliche Art der Herstellung.Here, the spiral-profiled lateral surface of the bristle is obtained by at least two monofilaments of any cross-section type twisted together. They obtain their stability from the type of manufacture customary for bristles.
Auch hierbei können die Monofile nach dem weiteren Ver¬ strecken und vor dem Verdrillen durch thermischeε Schrumpfen stabilisiert werden. Auch dieses Stabilisieren kann durch Einwirkung erhöhter Temperatur oder durch Lagern deε aufgeεpulten Borεtenmaterials bei Raumtempera¬ tur oder einer demgegenüber erhöhten Temperatur erfolgen.Here, too, the monofilaments can be stabilized by thermal shrinkage after further stretching and before twisting. This stabilization can also be carried out by the action of elevated temperature or by storing the wound-up bristle material at room temperature or a temperature which is higher than that.
Die Bürstwirkung ist unter anderem abhängig von dem Maß der Verdrillung bezogen auf die Nutzlänge einer Borεte bzw. des Borεtenmaterialε, d.h. von der Ganghöhe der sich infolge der Verdrillung bildenden Wendel. Es hat εich gezeigt, daß die Ganghöhe der Wendel nicht größer alε die doppelte Nutzlänge der Borεte εein εollte, εo daß entlang der Nutzlänge eine um 180° umlaufende Wendel vorhanden iεt. Vorzugεweiεe beεitzt die Wendel jedoch eine kleinere Ganghöhe, die bis zu der Größe des Durchmesεerε deε Borεtenmaterialε betragen kann. Bei Zahnbürεten hat sich eine Steigung alε günstig erwiesen, bei der mindeεtenε zwei, vorzugεweiεe drei biε fünf Windungen pro cm Bor- stenlänge vorhanden sind.The brushing effect depends, among other things, on the degree of twisting in relation to the effective length of a bristle or of the bristle material, i.e. on the pitch of the helix formed as a result of the twisting. It has been shown that the pitch of the helix should not be greater than twice the useful length of the bristle, so that a helix rotating around 180 ° is present along the useful length. However, the helix preferably has a smaller pitch, which can be up to the size of the diameter of the bristle material. For toothbrushes, a slope has proven to be favorable in which there are at least two, preferably three to five turns per cm of bristle length.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß das Monofil bzw. die Monofile aus einem elastischen Kunst¬ stoff beεtehen. Auf dieεe Weise lassen sich die aus den Borεtenmaterial hergeεtellten Borsten in Längsrichtung dehnen, was eine Verringerung ihres Durchmesεerε mit εich bringt, εo daß εie beiεpielεweiεe beim Einεatz in Zahn¬ bürεten oder als Interdentalreiniger in einen Zahnzwi¬ schenraum eingeführt, sich in diesem aber nicht verklem¬ men können. Beim Herausziehen dehnt sich die Borste und kann sich zusätzlich noch aufdrillen.In a further development of the invention, it is provided that the monofilament or the monofilaments consist of an elastic plastic. In this way, the bristles made from the bristle material can be stretched in the longitudinal direction, which in turn reduces their diameter brings, so that they can be inserted into a toothbrush when used in toothbrushes or as an interdental cleaner, but cannot get stuck in it. The bristle stretches when pulled out and can also twist open.
Das erfindungsgemäß erzeugte Borεtenmaterial iεt mit beεonderen Vorteilen bei einer Vielzahl von Bürsten einsetzbar. So εind die zwiεchen den auf der Oberfläche verlaufenden Wendeln vorhandenen vertieften Räume beson¬ ders dafür geeignet, den beim Bürsten gelösten Schmutz aufzunehmen und zu speichern und erst am Ende der Bürεt- εtrecke abzugeben. Dieεe vorteilhafte Wirkung kommt beiεpielεweiεe bei Teppichbürεten, Staubεaugerbürεten, Polierbürsten etc. zur Wirkung.The bristle material produced according to the invention can be used with a variety of brushes with particular advantages. Thus, the deepened spaces present between the spirals running on the surface are particularly suitable for picking up and storing the dirt loosened during brushing and only releasing it at the end of the brush section. This advantageous effect is effective, for example, with carpet brushes, vacuum cleaner brushes, polishing brushes, etc.
Gleichermaßen können diese zwiεchen den Wendeln gebilde¬ ten Räume zur Aufnahme von Medien dienen, die zu appli¬ zieren εind. Dieε iεt beiεpielεweiεe bei Haarbürεten, Malerbürεten, Koεmetikbürεten etc. der Fall.Likewise, these spaces formed between the coils can serve to hold media that are to be applied. This is the case, for example, with hair brushes, painter brushes, cosmetic brushes, etc.
Schließlich läßt εich die unterεchiedliche Reinigungεwir- kung der Borεtenenden und der Flanken der Wendeln in vielen Fällen vorteilhaft miteinander kombinieren. Dieε trifft beispielsweiεe zu für Zahnbürεten, Maεεagebürsten, Besen, Kehrwalzen, Entrostungεbürεten etc. Auch können einzelne oder zu Bündeln zuεammengefaßte εpiralige Bor¬ sten in besonders vorteilhafter Weise als Interdentalrei¬ niger verwendet werden, die durch Hin- und Herbewegung in den Zahnzwischenräumen eine weit bessere Reinigungswir¬ kung entfalten, da ständig wechεelnde Querschnitte zur Wirkung kommen. Selbst dann, wenn ein solcher Interden¬ talreiniger in engen Lücken verklemmt, wird er nicht abreißen, sondern kann durch Aufdrillen problemlos herausgezogen werden. Schließlich kann auch eine sehr schonende biε pflegende Behandlung erreicht werden, wenn der Wendelquerschnitt entsprechend verrundet ist.Finally, in many cases the different cleaning effects of the bristle ends and the flanks of the coils can advantageously be combined with one another. This applies, for example, to toothbrushes, massage brushes, brooms, sweeping rollers, rust removal brushes, etc. Also individual or bundled spiral bristles can be used in a particularly advantageous manner as interdental brushes, which are much better due to reciprocation in the interdental spaces Develop cleaning effect, since constantly changing cross-sections come into effect. Even if such an interdenal cleaner jams in tight gaps, it will not tear off, but can be pulled out easily by being twisted open. Finally, very gentle care treatment can also be achieved if the spiral cross section is rounded accordingly.
Bei einem Interdentalreiniger ergeben sich weitere Vor¬ teile, wenn er nur in einem Teilbereich seiner Länge verdrillt iεt. Der unverdrillte Teilbereich besitzt geringere Querschnittεabmeεεungen und läßt sich somit leichter in einen Zahnzwiεchenraum einführen. Daε Einfüh¬ ren kann noch weiter erleichtert werden, wenn der unver¬ drillte Teilbereich zumindeεt abεchnittεweiεe einen beiεpielsweise durch Verpresεen abgeflachten Querεchnitt aufweiεt.An interdental cleaner has further advantages if it is twisted only in a partial area of its length. The untwisted portion has smaller cross-sectional dimensions and is therefore easier to insert into an interdental space. This introduction can be made even easier if the undrilled portion has at least one section, for example a cross section flattened by pressing.
Um eine. Bürεte in ihrer Wirkung an vorgegebene Rahmenbe¬ dingungen anpaεεen zu können, laεsen sich spiralige Borεten mit Borεten anderer Konfiguration verbinden und zusammen verarbeiten. To one. To be able to adapt the effect of the brush to specified framework conditions, spiral bristles can be combined with bristles of a different configuration and processed together.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung spiraliger Borεten auε Kunεtεtoff durch Extrudieren von Monofilen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Monofil mit einem von der Kreiεform abweichenden Querεchnitt extrudiert und beim Abziehen unter Verringerung εeineε Querεchnittε vorverstreckt, anschließend weiter verstreckt, daraufhin auf zumindest einem Teil seiner Länge zu einem spiraligen Borstenmaterial verdrillt und nach dem Verdrillen durch thermisches Schrumpfen stabili¬ siert wird.1. A process for the production of spiral bristles made of plastic by extruding monofilaments, characterized in that a monofilament extrudes with a cross-section deviating from the circular shape and is pre-stretched when being pulled off with a reduction in its cross-section, then further stretched, then to at least part of its length into one spiral bristle material is twisted and stabilized after the twisting by thermal shrinking.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Monofil nach dem weiteren Verstrecken und vor dem Verdrillen durch thermisches Schrumpfen vorstabilisiert wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the monofilament is pre-stabilized by thermal shrinkage after further stretching and before twisting.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stabilisieren durch Lagern deε aufgeεpulten εpiraligen Borεtenmaterials erfolgt.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the stabilization is carried out by storing the reeled εpiraligen Borεtenmaterials.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Monofil mit ovalem oder polygonalem Quer¬ schnitt extrudiert wird. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a monofilament with an oval or polygonal cross-section is extruded.
Verfahren nach Anεpruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Monofil mit einem viereckigen, vorzugεweise quadratiεchen Querεchnitt extrudiert wird. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that a monofilament is extruded with a square, preferably square cross-section.
Verfahren nach Anεpruch 1 oder 4 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Monofil mit einem Kern und wenigstens einer achsparallelen Rippe extrudiert wird.Method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that a monofilament with a core and at least one axially parallel rib is extruded.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zumindest eine Rippe oder wenigstens eine Kante des polygonalen Querschnitts sich farblich von dem Kern des Monofils unterschei- det, indem verschieden eingefärbte Kunststoffe koextrudiert werden.7. The method according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that the at least one rib or at least one edge of the polygonal cross-section differs in color from the core of the monofilament in that differently colored plastics are co-extruded.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß der Kern und die zumindest eine Rippe oder wenigstens eine Kante des polygonalen Quer- εchnittε aus unterschiedlichen Kunststoffen koex¬ trudiert werden.8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the core and the at least one rib or at least one edge of the polygonal cross-section are coextruded from different plastics.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 4, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß das Monofil auε einer Seele und einem dieεe umgebenden Mantel auε unterεchiedlichen Kunst¬ stoffen koextrudiert wird.9. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the monofilament is co-extruded from a core and a sheath surrounding it from different plastics.
10. Verfahren zur Herstellung spiraliger Borsten durch Extrudieren von Monofilen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens zwei Monofile beim Abziehen unter Verringerung ihres Querεchnittε vorverεtreckt, anεchließend weiter verεtreckt, daraufhin zu einem εpiraligen Borεtenmaterial miteinander verdrillt und nach dem Verdrillen durch thermiεches Schrumpfen stabilisiert werden. 10. A process for the production of spiral bristles by extruding monofilaments, characterized in that at least two monofilaments are pre-stretched when they are removed while reducing their cross-section, then further stretched, then twisted together to form a spiral bristle material and stabilized after the twisting by thermal shrinkage.
EP96931013A 1995-09-13 1996-09-04 Process for the manufacture of spiralled bristles Expired - Lifetime EP0874925B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19533816A DE19533816A1 (en) 1995-09-13 1995-09-13 Process for the production of spiral bristles
DE19533816 1995-09-13
PCT/EP1996/003874 WO1997010374A1 (en) 1995-09-13 1996-09-04 Process for the manufacture of spiralled bristles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0874925A1 true EP0874925A1 (en) 1998-11-04
EP0874925B1 EP0874925B1 (en) 1999-12-08

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EP (1) EP0874925B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3792721B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100666766B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1077154C (en)
AR (1) AR003562A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE187506T1 (en)
AU (1) AU700069B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9610578A (en)
CA (1) CA2230799C (en)
CZ (1) CZ287818B6 (en)
DE (2) DE19533816A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2140130T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3032901T3 (en)
HU (1) HU220740B1 (en)
IL (1) IL123387A (en)
IN (1) IN188936B (en)
NO (1) NO310664B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ330177A (en)
PL (1) PL182726B1 (en)
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SK (1) SK281340B6 (en)
TR (1) TR199800456T1 (en)
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UA (1) UA51674C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1997010374A1 (en)
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CA2230799A1 (en) 1997-03-20
PL182726B1 (en) 2002-02-28
TW379262B (en) 2000-01-11
PT874925E (en) 2000-05-31
UA51674C2 (en) 2002-12-16
HU220740B1 (en) 2002-05-28
DE59603889D1 (en) 2000-01-13
IL123387A (en) 2002-03-10
KR19990044379A (en) 1999-06-25
CN1077154C (en) 2002-01-02
AU6986796A (en) 1997-04-01
TR199800456T1 (en) 1998-05-21
CZ287818B6 (en) 2001-02-14
SK24998A3 (en) 1998-11-04
GR3032901T3 (en) 2000-07-31
IN188936B (en) 2002-11-23
ZA967702B (en) 1997-03-25
CA2230799C (en) 2007-11-13
US5985192A (en) 1999-11-16
BR9610578A (en) 1999-07-06
CN1209175A (en) 1999-02-24
AR003562A1 (en) 1998-08-05
KR100666766B1 (en) 2007-05-17
NZ330177A (en) 1999-01-28
SK281340B6 (en) 2001-02-12
JP3792721B2 (en) 2006-07-05
PL325522A1 (en) 1998-08-03
ATE187506T1 (en) 1999-12-15
MX9802011A (en) 1998-08-30
WO1997010374A1 (en) 1997-03-20
HUP9901181A3 (en) 2000-07-28
AU700069B2 (en) 1998-12-17
RO119370B1 (en) 2004-08-30
NO981084L (en) 1998-03-12
EP0874925B1 (en) 1999-12-08
NO981084D0 (en) 1998-03-12
HUP9901181A2 (en) 1999-08-30
CZ70398A3 (en) 1998-06-17
NO310664B1 (en) 2001-08-06
DE19533816A1 (en) 1997-03-20
ES2140130T3 (en) 2000-02-16
RU2145367C1 (en) 2000-02-10
IL123387A0 (en) 1998-09-24
JPH11511812A (en) 1999-10-12

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