EP0873199B1 - High-pressure cleaning apparatus - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a high-pressure cleaning device with one of an air-cooled electric motor driven by a gear, a piston pump comprising a swash plate on which a pump head is attached with a suction connection and a pressure connection.

Such high-pressure cleaning devices can contain a cleaning liquid, For example, water can be supplied via the suction connection. The cleaning fluid is pressurized by the piston pump and can be connected to it via the pressure connection, for example connected pressure line are delivered. In the piston pump are usually provided reciprocable pistons that the swashplate. This is rotated by the electric motor offset, whereby a gear is used that the rotary movement from a motor shaft of the electric motor to the swash plate transfers. To prevent the electric motor from overheating, air cooling is used (EP-A-0 503298).

The cleaning effect of such high pressure cleaning devices is from achievable pressure (for example 90 bar) and the volume of the pro Unit of cleaning fluid dispensed, i.e. the flow rate, dependent. A high pressure and a large flow rate To be able to achieve, the pump must be suitably powerful Be equipped with an electric motor. However, this has to do with the related size of the electric motor a remarkable Weight and an unsatisfactory handling of the high-pressure cleaning device result.

The object of the present invention is a generic high-pressure cleaning device so that a good cleaning effect with improved handling and reduced Weight can be achieved.

This task is the beginning of a high-pressure cleaning device described type according to the invention solved in that the electric motor, the gear, the piston pump and the pump head in the longitudinal direction of the high-pressure cleaning device arranged one behind the other are and that the electric motor is designed as a universal motor with a stator package and a rotor, the length of the stator package is at least 1.15 times the rotor diameter.

Has the use of a universal motor of the dimensions mentioned a particularly effective air cooling of the electric motor.

As an air-cooled electric motor, it becomes a universal motor with a relative long stator package used, this has a particularly effective Air cooling of the electric motor results. For air cooling usually a ventilation unit is used, which is an air flow generated in the longitudinal direction of the electric motor. For a good Heat dissipation is the expansion of the corresponding cooling surfaces of the Longitudinal electric motor. By using it of a universal motor with the specified dimensions is compared a longer cooling surface is effective for relatively short motors ensures better cooling.

Because the electric motor, the gearbox, the piston pump and the pump head one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the high-pressure cleaning device are arranged, the air cooling of the electric motor due to the longitudinal air flow also good heat dissipation the remaining parts of the high-pressure cleaning device. It has been found that by means of the configuration according to the invention the heating of the electric motor even in continuous operation relatively is kept low; this has the consequence that the electric motor can be heavily loaded even in continuous operation, without causing a Overheating is coming. Due to the effective cooling can An electric motor compared to known high-pressure cleaning devices with lower nominal power are used, the one with maximum Power can be operated so as to have the same cleaning effect can be achieved like comparable high-pressure cleaning devices with electric motors higher nominal power but less resilience. Since that Weight of the engine accounts for a significant proportion of the total weight of the High pressure cleaning device represents the use of a smaller one Electric motor for a considerable reduction in the total weight. This in turn has better manageability of the high-pressure cleaning device result.

A particularly effective cooling of the electric motor is achieved that a radial fan is used as a ventilation unit is positioned between the electric motor and the transmission and a Airflow from the engine towards the pump head of the high pressure washer formed. The use of a radial fan has the advantage that, in contrast to the usual axial fans can also work against an existing air pressure without its speed decreases. The radial fan sucks the cooling air from Electric motor on and presses them in the longitudinal direction of the high pressure cleaning device components connected to the electric motor along. The cooling air comes first of all with the electric motor in contact. The heat transfer from the electric motor to the cooling air is The greater the temperature difference between the electric motor, the better and cooling air is, therefore, the not yet heated cooling air a particularly good heat transfer, i.e. a particularly effective Cooling of the electric motor achieved. The cooling air is then from the radial fan along the gearbox and along the piston pump in Pressed towards the pump head, where there is further heat dissipation he follows.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the high-pressure cleaning device an the air flow along the outside of the electric motor towards one of the radial fan opposite end of the electric motor arranged collector and from there through the electric motor towards comprises the guide element guiding the radial fan. The cooling air is thus initially guided along the outside of the electric motor, a flow reversal occurs at the collector and the cooling air enters the electric motor, flows through it to the radial fan and then towards the pump head of the high-pressure cleaning device. This is due to the extensive contact of the cooling air the electric motor results in particularly good heat dissipation. In particular which is exposed to particularly strong warming during continuous operation Collector of the electric motor is completely from the cooling air flows around. The electric motor is therefore very powerful even in continuous operation resilient, i.e. it can run practically continuously with maximum performance be operated without overheating.

It is advantageous if the guide element as the electric motor receiving motor housing is designed, which along the Forms the flow channel leading the outside of the electric motor, that connects between about the same amount as the Opening facing away from the collector end face of the electric motor of the motor housing and the collector. So there is no separate Guide element used, but the motor housing is designed in such a way that it not only protects the electric motor guaranteed, but additional guides the cooling air along the electric motor and thereby allows good cooling. For this purpose forms the motor housing on the outside of the electric motor Flow channel and points away from the collector Front of the electric motor on an opening that over the Flow channel communicates with the collector. The Cooling air can flow through the opening in the flow channel of the motor housing enter, then she will stay at the Along the outside of the electric motor until it hits the Collector meets where it enters the electric motor and flows through this to the radial fan.

In a structurally particularly simple configuration provided that the motor housing is pot-shaped with a bottom wall and a side wall protruding therefrom and that a gear housing is immersed in the motor housing, the electric motor and the gear housing at a distance from Are held inside the side wall of the motor housing and wherein an opening of the transmission housing through the electric motor is sealed. With such a configuration the in the longitudinal direction of the high-pressure cleaning device to the Electric motor connecting radial fan and the gear in a gearbox arranged in the cup-shaped motor housing immersed and its inside the motor housing arranged opening is sealed by the electric motor. The in the motor housing immersing area of the gear housing and the electric motor are spaced from the inside of the side wall the motor housing held so that the cooling air between the gear housing and the side wall of the motor housing enter the motor housing and on the outside of the Electric motor can flow down to the bottom wall. There the cooling air enters the electric motor and flows through through this to the radial fan and from this inside the Gearbox housing along the gearbox. Motor and gearbox housings can each be essentially cylindrical be formed, the diameter of the motor housing exceeds the diameter of the gearbox, so that between the immersed in the motor housing Gear housing and the motor housing forms an annular gap. It is advantageous if an air-permeable, Sealing element impermeable to dust and splash water for example made of plastic.

An additional weight reduction of the high-pressure cleaning device can be achieved in that the motor housing and / or the gear housing are made of plastic. Polypropylene, for example, can be used as the plastic material Come into play. The use of plastic has not only a weight saving, but it will also Manufacturing costs significantly reduced compared to the usual metal housings.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the high pressure cleaning device one Electric motor, the radial fan, the gearbox, the piston pump and housing shell surrounding the pumphead comprising the two essentially mirror-symmetrical Half shells is formed, each in the amount of Pump head and gear housing ventilation slots molded in are. The two-shell design of the housing shell enables particularly easy assembly of the high-pressure cleaning device. For this, only the functional parts in one of the two half shells can be inserted, then the other half-shell is put on and with the first Half-shell screwed, for example. To accommodate the functional parts the high pressure washer, i.e. of the electric motor, of the radial fan, gearbox, piston pump and of the pump head, can be integrally connected to the half shells Holding elements can be provided in which the functional parts can be clamped. To reduce weight is the Housing shell preferably made of plastic, for example Polypropylene. About the approximately lengthways of the high-pressure cleaning device centrally located ventilation slots Cooling air can enter the housing shell is sucked into the motor housing by the radial fan.

It is advantageous if on the inside of the ventilation slots A splash guard is arranged so that splash water cannot enter the housing shell. You can do this the ventilation slots are, for example, labyrinthine be by spacing from the inside of the shell a cover covering the ventilation slots is provided is.

This results in particularly good cooling of the electric motor achieved that the housing shell in the area of the bottom and side wall of the motor housing has an opening. The cooling of the electric motor is not only done by the radial fan sucked in cooling air but also through the Ambient air that is in the area of the bottom and side walls immediately comes into contact with the motor housing and this cools.

It is particularly advantageous if the cooling surface of the Motor housing in this area is enlarged by in the area the opening of the housing shell on the outside of the bottom and side wall of the motor housing cooling fins arranged are.

Figur 1:

eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Hochdruckreinigungsgeräts;

Figur 2:

eine schematische Längsschnittansicht des Hochdruckreinigungsgeräts;

Figur 3:

eine Schnittansicht der Gehäuseschale des Hochdruckreinigungsgeräts längs der Linie 3-3 in Figur 1 und

Figur 4:

eine Schnittansicht der Gehäuseschale längs der Linie 4-4 in Figur 1.

The following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention serves in conjunction with the drawing for a more detailed explanation. Show it:

Figure 1:

a side view of a high-pressure cleaning device according to the invention;

Figure 2:

is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the high pressure cleaning device;

Figure 3:

a sectional view of the housing shell of the high-pressure cleaning device along the line 3-3 in Figure 1 and

Figure 4:

2 shows a sectional view of the housing shell along the line 4-4 in FIG. 1.

A high-pressure cleaning device 10 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 shown with a suction port 11, a pressure port 12 and a chemical connection 13. Via the suction connection 11 can the high-pressure cleaning device 10 cleaning liquid are supplied, which are then via the pressure connection 12th is released under high pressure. About the chemical connection 13, the cleaning liquid can contain a cleaning chemical are added so that the cleaning effect is increased becomes.

As is particularly clear from FIG. 2, the high-pressure cleaning device comprises 10 an electric motor 14, on the Pressure connection 12 facing the end face of a radial fan 16 is attached to which a gear 18 and a piston pump 20 connect. The piston pump 20 includes a swash plate 24, against which a plurality of pistons 26 abut, which the rotational movement of the swash plate 24 in the longitudinal direction of the High-pressure cleaning device 10 can be moved back and forth. The Pistons 26 dip into a pump chamber 28 of a pump head 30 one that is in the longitudinal direction of the high-pressure cleaning device 10 connects to the piston pump 20. The pump chamber 28 stands via a suction valve 32 with a suction line 34 in connection, into which a suction nozzle 36 opens, on which the suction connection 11 is arranged at the end. The pump room is also located 28 via a pressure valve 36 with a pressure line 38 in Connection in which a check valve 40 and one behind the other an injector 42 are arranged and in a pressure port 44 opens out, on which the pressure connection 12 is arranged is. The injector 42 is not one in the drawing cross bore shown connected to a suction chamber 46, into which the chemical connection 13 opens. During operation of the high-pressure cleaning device 10 becomes the cleaning liquid via the suction line 34 and the suction valve 32 in pumped the pump chamber 28, pressurized there and over the pressure valve 36 and the pressure line 38 to the pressure connection 12 delivered. With the help of the injector 42, the cleaning liquid a cleaning chemical is added, sucked by the injector 42 from the suction chamber 46 which is connected to the chemical connection 13.

The electric motor 14 is designed as a universal motor and comprises an armature winding 48 and a stator packet 50 and one at the opposite end of the radial fan 16 Electric motor 14 arranged collector 52. The electric motor 14 is in a substantially cylindrical motor housing 54 with a substantially designed as a cylinder jacket Side wall 56 and a bottom wall 58 spaced from the inside 57 of the side wall 56 held. The bracket is done by means of radially projecting inwards from the side wall 56, extending in the longitudinal direction of the high-pressure cleaning device 10 Housing ribs 60.

Both the gear 18 and immersed in the motor housing 54 also the piston pump 20, cylindrical in shape Gear housing 62, the outer diameter of which is smaller is than the inner diameter of the motor housing 54, so that between the inside 57 of the side wall 56 of the motor housing 54 and the gear housing 62 forms an annular gap 64, in which a splash seal 66 is arranged. This is made of a sponge-like, porous plastic, through which air can flow, but which is impermeable to splash water. Another splash seal 68 is between the piston pump 20 and the pump head 30 positioned.

The gear housing 62 faces the motor housing 54 immersed end on a collar 70, on the inside the electric motor 14 lies sealingly. From the engine case 54 can therefore only cool air into the gear housing 62th get that it flows through the electric motor 14.

During the operation of the high-pressure cleaning device, the Radial fan 16 in rotatably held on a motor shaft 22 Rotation offset, so that this cooling air from the area of Electric motor 14 sucks and towards the pump head 30 presses. The sucked-in cooling air can pass through the annular gap 64 enter the inside of the motor housing 54, it then flows along the outside of the electric motor 14 in Towards the collector 52, enters the inside of the Electric motor 14 and flows through the stator 50 to the radial fan 16 and then through the gearbox. The cooling air passes through the splash water seal 68 out of the gear housing 62 and then flows around the outside of the pump head 30. The cooling air thus flows both along the outside of the electric motor 14 as well also through this, with the electric motor 14 particularly is long: With a rotor diameter of The length of the stator package is 39 mm, i.e. the extension of the stacked stator sheets in the longitudinal direction of the electric motor, 45 mm. This has a particularly effective one Cooling of the electric motor 14 result.

As is particularly clear from FIG. 1, the electric motor 14, the radial fan 16, the gear 18 and the piston pump 20 and the pump head 30 from a housing shell 72 surrounded, in the amount of the gear housing 62 and the Pump head 30 substantially in the longitudinal direction of the high-pressure cleaning device aligned ventilation slots 74 formed are. The cooling air passes through the level of the gearbox 62 arranged ventilation slots 74 in the housing shell and is then the radial fan 16 in the Motor housing 54 sucked and then through the gear housing 62nd pressed and finally steps over at the level of the pump head 30 ventilation slots arranged out of the housing shell 72 off. The direction of the air flow is in the Drawing represented by arrows 76.

In the area of the side wall 56 and the bottom wall 58 of the motor housing 54, the housing shell 72 has an opening 78, so that the motor housing 54 has an immediate in this area Has contact with the ambient air; with that is an additional Cooling effect connected. To be considered in this area To enlarge the cooling surface acting surface of the motor housing 54, are in the area of the opening 78 on the outside of the Motor housing cooling fins 80 arranged.

As can be seen from Figure 3 of the drawing, the ventilation slots 74 labyrinthine formed by the openings of the ventilation slots 74 by means of a distance from the inside the housing shell 72 arranged cover 82 covers are. Because of such a design of the ventilation slots 74 practically no splash water can get into the housing shell 72 occur.

The housing shell 72 is mirror-symmetrical to one another designed half-shells, the mirror plane 88, as can be seen from Figure 4 of the drawing, in the longitudinal direction of the high-pressure cleaning device 10. A half shell 84 is partially shown in Figure 4. It is designed like a tub and has an upper edge 86, which is not shown in the drawing second half shell shown can be placed. Both the Housing shell 72 as well as the motor housing 54 and the gear housing 62 are made of polypropylene.

The electric motor 14 can operate continuously due to the effective cooling can be operated practically at maximum power, so that a relatively small electric motor can be used. This also has like the use of plastic for the housing shell 72 and the motor and transmission housings 54 and 62, respectively, have a considerable weight reduction and thus a better handling of the high-pressure cleaning device 10 in a row.

Claims (10)

1. A high-pressure cleaning appliance with a reciprocating pump which is driven by an air-cooled electric motor by way of a gearing and which comprises a swash plate and on which is mounted a pump head with a suction connexion and a pressure connexion, characterized in that the electric motor (14), the gearing (18), the reciprocating pump (20) and the pump head (30) are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the high-pressure cleaning appliance (10), and the electric motor (14) is designed in the form of a universal motor with a stator-plate bank (50) and a rotor, wherein the length of the stator-plate bank (50) amounts to at least 1·15 times the diameter of the rotor.
2. A high-pressure cleaning appliance according to Claim 1, characterized in that a radial fan (16) forming an air flow from the electric motor (14) in the direction towards the pump head (30) is positioned between the electric motor (14) and the gearing (18).
3. A high-pressure cleaning appliance according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the high-pressure cleaning appliance (10) comprises a guide element (54) which conveys the air flow along the outside of the electric motor (14) in the direction towards a collector (52) arranged at the end of the electric motor (14) opposite the radial fan (16) and from the said collector (52) through the electric motor (14) in the direction towards the radial fan (16).
4. A high-pressure cleaning appliance according to Claim 3, characterized in that the guide element is constructed in the form of a motor housing (54) which receives the electric motor (14) and which forms a guide duct leading along the outside of the electric motor (14) and producing a connexion between the collector (52) and an opening (64) in the motor housing (54) arranged approximately at the level of the end face of the electric motor (14) remote from the collector (52).
5. A high-pressure cleaning appliance according to Claim 4, characterized in that the motor housing (54) is made substantially cup-shaped with a base wall (58) and a lateral wall (56) projecting therefrom, and a gearing housing (62) projects into the motor housing (54), wherein the electric motor (14) and the gearing housing (62) are held at a distance from the inside (57) of the lateral wall (56) of the motor housing (54) and wherein an opening in the gearing housing (62) is sealed off by the electric motor (14).
6. A high-pressure cleaning appliance according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the motor housing (54) and/or the gearing housing (62) is or are produced from plastics material.
7. A high-pressure cleaning appliance according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the high-pressure cleaning appliance (10) comprises a housing shell (72) which surrounds the electric motor (14), the radial fan (16), the gearing (18), the reciprocating pump (20) and the pump head (30) and which is formed from two half shells (84) which are made substantially mirror-symmetrical with respect to each other and in which ventilation slots (74) are formed at the level of the pump head (30) and the gearing housing (62) in each case.
8. A high-pressure cleaning appliance according to Claim 7, characterized in that a water-spray protection (82) is arranged on the inside of the ventilation slots (74).
9. A high-pressure cleaning appliance according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the housing shell (72) has an opening (78) in the region of the base wall and the side wall (58 and 56 respectively) of the motor housing (54).
10. A high-pressure cleaning appliance according to Claim 9, characterized in that cooling ribs (80) are arranged in the region of the opening (78) of the housing shell (72) on the outside of the base wall and the side wall (58 and 56 respectively) of the motor housing (54).

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