EP0873045A1 - Electromagnetic induction heater and operation method therefor - Google Patents
Electromagnetic induction heater and operation method therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0873045A1 EP0873045A1 EP96925966A EP96925966A EP0873045A1 EP 0873045 A1 EP0873045 A1 EP 0873045A1 EP 96925966 A EP96925966 A EP 96925966A EP 96925966 A EP96925966 A EP 96925966A EP 0873045 A1 EP0873045 A1 EP 0873045A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- silicon nitride
- electromagnetic induction
- heating element
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
- H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
- H05B6/108—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor for heating a fluid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
Abstract
An electromagnetic induction heater which is provided with a silicon nitride
pipe (6 or 41) of a non-magnetic material through which a liquid flows in and out, a
coil (7) wound around the silicon nitride pipe (6 or 41), and a heating body (8)
accommodated in the silicon nitride pipe (6 or 41) and heated by electromagnetic
induction by the coil (7), and which has flange members (2, 3) so formed at both ends
of the silicon nitride pipe (6 or 41) as to engage with the end portions of the silicon
nitride pipe (6 or 41) and to protrude outward in a radial direction, metal pipes (101,
102) having flanges (103, 104) and connected to both ends of the silicon nitride pipe (6
or 41), and fastening members (9, 10) for fastening the flange members (2, 3) at both
ends of the silicon nitride pipe (6 or 41) to the flanges (103, 104) of the metal pipes
(101, 102), respectively. The operation method comprises bringing the inside of the
pipe into the immersed state by a fluid before the fluid is passed through the pipe,
preheating the heating body (8) inside the pipe by electromagnetic induction, and
allowing the fluid to flow.
Description
The present invention relates to an electromagnetic induction heater,
of good response, for heating a heating element immersed in a fluid such as
a liquid and a gas by means of electromagnetic induction heating so that the
fluid can be heated by direct heat transfer, and to an operation method
thereof.
For heating a fluid such as a liquid or a gas, a heat exchanger is
generally used. For instance, a sheathed heater is powered to heat a
thermal oil, for performing heat exchange between a heating medium and
the fluid by use of the heat exchanger.
This indirect heating system using the heat exchanger needs to heat
the heating medium, first, and thus it takes much rise time, and as such
had a tendency to upsize the heater. Accordingly, a direct heating system
of an electromagnetic induction heater has been proposed, as disclosed by
Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. Hei 3(1991)-98286 and others,
according to which a pipe for a fluid to pass through is formed of a nonmagnetic
material such as an insulating material, and a heating element
immersed in a fluid accommodated in the pipe is heated by means of
electromagnetic induction. This direct heating system of electromagnetic
induction heater enables an efficiency of heat transfer from the heating
element to the fluid to be increased to about 90% by, for example, enlarging
a heating area of the heating element immersed in the fluid, and also
enables the response to be enhanced.
However, the electromagnetic induction heater proposed by Japanese
Laid-open Patent Publication No. Hei 3(1991)-98286 and others is so small
in size as to cause a localized heating, and as such can allow a partial
thermal stress to be easily generated in a pipe accommodating the heating
element therein. In particular, the pipe accommodating the heating
element therein is required to be formed of a non-magnetic material, for the
reason of which a ceramic pipe is used for it, to allow for heat resistance and
chemical resistance. The ceramic pipe is liable to crack in comparison with
a metal pipe and thus is disadvantageously subject to limitations on
operation conditions for high temperature heating and instantaneous
heating.
To solve this problem, the present invention has been made, with the
aim to provide an electromagnetic induction heater capable of preventing
fracture and breakage of the pipe during high temperature heating and
instantaneous heating, and the operating method thereof.
An electromagnetic induction heater of the present invention designed
to solve the abovesaid problem comprises a pipe made of non-magnetic
material through which a fluid flows in and out, a coil wound around the
pipe, and a heating element accommodated in the pipe to be heated by
means of electromagnetic induction caused by the coil, said pipe being a
molded form of silicon nitride. The silicon nitride used should be resistant
to thermal shock at temperatures exceeding 600°C. It is particularly
preferable to use the silicon nitride resistance to the thermal shock at
temperatures exceeding 800°C. The silicon nitride (Si3N4), which is a kind
of non-oxide ceramic and a non-magnetic material, has a good corrosion
resistance to acid and alkali and is superior to silicon carbide of the same
series in flexural strength, fracture toughness and thermal shock resistance.
In particular, resistance to the thermal shock at high temperatures of 400°C
or more to 800°C or less can be attained by controlling the respective
manufacturing processes of forming, sintering and finishing and by
controlling the composition in an usual manner. Further, under the
careful control of the manufacturing processes and the composition,
resistance to the thermal shock at higher temperatures of 600°C or more to
800 °C or less can be attained. Though even this thermal resistance
temperature range is about three times or more as high as that of the mold
of alumina, resistance to the thermal shock at even higher temperatures
exceeding 800°C or 880°C can be attained by making specific preparation of
the manufacturing processes and the composition, to endure the high
temperature heating in a considerably wide temperature range and the
instantaneous heating.
It is noted that the term of "the thermal shock resistance temperature"
used herein is intended to mean a specified maximum temperature until
which, when a test piece of 3 × 4 × 35mm required by JIS R1601 is heated at
a specified temperature for 15 minutes and then is immersed into water of
20-25°C, the flexural strength after the immerse in water does not become
inferior to the flexural strength before the heating.
It is hard for silicon nitride (Si3N4) to be joined to a metal pipe and the
like by means of heat fusion. Further, it is difficult for silicon nitride to be
formed into a desired shape. So, if flange portions are integrally formed
with the silicon nitride pipe at the opposite ends or if a supporting portion
for supporting the heating element is integrally formed in the silicon nitride
pipe, that entails high costs.
Accordingly, for arrangement in a metal pipe line of a chemical plant,
for example, the electromagnetic induction heater of the present invention
may further comprise flange members including flanges, formed at opposite
ends of the silicon nitride pipe, to engage with the ends of the silicon nitride
pipe and project radially outwardly therefrom; metal pipes having flanges
to be connected to the opposite ends of the silicon nitride pipe; and fastening
members for fastening the flange members at the opposite ends of the
silicon nitride pipe to the flanges of the metal pipes, respectively.
Further, at least one of the metal pipes may be provided with an
expandable portion which is on an extension of an axis of the silicon nitride
pipe an is expandable at least in the axial direction.
Additionally, the at least one metal pipe may be provided with a
supporting member for supporting from the metal pipe the heating element
in said pipe.
The provision of the flange members engageable with the ends of the
silicon nitride pipe and the supporting member for supporting the heating
element in the silicon nitride pipe can eliminate the need for forming the
flange portions and the heating element supporting portion in the silicon
nitride pipe, to simplify the shape of the silicon nitride pipe. Thus, the
molding of the silicon nitride pipe can be facilitated and manufacturing
costs can be reduced. In addition, the flange members engageable with the
ends of the silicon nitride pipe can facilitate the connection between the
metal pipe and the silicon nitride pipe.
Further, the expandable portion disposed on at least one of the metal
pipes can allow thermal expansion of the silicon nitride pipe to adequately
escape in the axial direction, to prevent breakage of the silicon nitride pipe
due to the thermal expansion.
Also, an operation method of the present invention, using an
electromagnetic induction heater comprising a pipe made of a non-magnetic
material through which a fluid flows in and out; a coil wound around the
pipe; and a heating element accommodated in the pipe to be heated by
means of electromagnetic induction caused by the coil, the pipe being a
molded form of silicon nitride, comprises filling the pipe with fluid before
the fluid is allowed to flow; and preheating the heating element in the pipe
by means of the electromagnetic induction before the fluid is allowed to
flow.
The silicon nitride used is to be resistant to thermal shock at
temperatures exceeding 600°C, preferably, exceeding 800°C. Even when
the pipe heated by preheating of the heating element is cooled down
suddenly by allowing the before-heating fluid to pass through the pipe, the
pipe can endure such thermal shock because of its resistance to thermal
shock at temperatures exceeding 600°C.
Further, the operation method of the electromagnetic induction heater
according to the present invention is suitable in the case of the fluid being
gas. Since gas is small in heat capacity, it can be heated rapidly from room
temperature to high temperature. Even when the gas of room temperature
is allowed to flow through the pipe after the heating element is preheated to
high temperature, the pipe which is made of silicon nitride resistant to
thermal shock at high temperatures enables the gas to flow with high
temperature from the beginning.
As described above, the electromagnetic induction heater of the
present invention uses the silicon nitride excellent in thermal shock
resistance as a material of the pipe and thus has the characteristic of high
responsivity. Through the use of this characteristic, there is provided the
advantageous effect that no operation condition limitations stemming from
the thermal shock are provided by high temperature heating or
instantaneous heating, thus providing wide-ranging operation conditions
for the heating.
The operation method of the electromagnetic induction heater
according to the prevent invention can provide the result that through the
use of the improved resistance to thermal shock, the zero-start that the fluid
is allowed to flow, with the heating element preheated, to thereby produce
the fluid of required temperature from the beginning of flowing can be
attained. Further, the operation method of the electromagnetic induction
heater according to the present invention can provide the result that the
zero-start can be applied for the heating of gas requiring a particularly high
temperature heating.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electromagnetic induction
heater of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b)
are structural views of a heating element used in the electromagnetic
induction heater of an embodiment of the present invention: FIG. 2(a) being
a top view showing the structure of the heating element and FIG. 2(b) being
a perspective view showing the structure of the heating element; and FIG. 3
is a longitudinal view of the electromagnetic induction heater of another
embodiment of the present invention.
An exemplary mode for carrying out the invention will be given below
with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal
sectional view of an electromagnetic induction heater; FIG. 2(a) and FIG.
2(b) are the structural views of a heating element used in the
electromagnetic induction heater.
In FIG. 1, the electromagnetic induction heater 1 is mainly composed
of flange members 2, 3, a silicon nitride pipe 6, a coil 7 and a heating
element 8. The electromagnetic induction heater 1 is arranged at some
midpoint in a metal pipe line 101, 102 of, for example, a chemical plant and
the like so that a fluid 14 may flow from a downstream side to an upstream
side of FIG. 1. A power unit 11 is commonly connected to the coil 7 of the
electromagnetic induction heater 1 or the coils 7 of a plurality of
electromagnetic induction heaters 1. A control unit 12 is connected to the
power unit 11, and a temperature sensor 13 is connected with the control
unit 12, to form a heating system.
The silicon nitride pipe 6 is manufactured in one piece so that flange
portions 6b, 6c can be located at opposite ends of a body 6a. The
manufacturing process includes the steps of molding, sintering and
processing. The molding step includes an injection molding and a slip
casting; the sintering step includes a sintering method under pressure of
choke damp by which decomposition of silicon nitride is restrained while
much use is made of high temperature; and the processing includes an
electrical discharge machining and laser beam machining. Specifically,
the silicon nitride pipe is formed into a specified form by molding silicon
nitride into an illustrated pipe form by the injection molding or equivalent;
sintering the molded form by the sintering; and machining a working face
and the like by the electrical discharge machining or equivalent.
In this process, the composition of the silicon nitride and the
manufacturing process are so controlled that the silicon nitride pipe 6 can
be resistant to thermal shock at temperatures of 400°C or more to 800°C or
less, preferably, 600°C or more to 800°C or less.
The body 6a is so manufactured as to have a required inner diameter
and a required wall thickness. The flanges 6b, 6c at both ends of the body
are formed by expanding the periphery of the body at the ends to a
necessary and minimum extent, to form thereon working surfaces 6d, 6e to
packing 4, 5 and catching portions 6f, 6g to the flange members 2, 3.
The flange members 2, 3 are engaged with end portions of the silicon
nitride pipe 6 to form radially projecting flanges at the opposite ends of the
silicon nitride pipe 6. The flanges are so structured as to be divided into
two: for example, the flanges are divided into two half-round segments,
which are hinged together to be opened and closed and are held in their
closed state by fixing means. The flange members 2, 3 have holes for bolts
to pass through, which are circumferentially spaced at an uniform interval,
so that the bolts inserted in the holes can extend in parallel to an axial
dimension of the silicon nitride pipe 6 with their loosely fitted onto the body
6a.
With holding the flanges 6b, 6c of the silicon nitride pipe 6, the flange
members 2, 3 are fastened to flanges 103, 104 at the ends of the metal pipe
lines 101, 102 via fastening means such as bolts 9 and nuts 10. The
working surfaces 6d, 6e of the flanges 6b, 6c are then brought into intimate
contact with related working surfaces of the flanges 103, 104 through the
packing 4, 5, to accomplish both the seal and the joint. It is difficult for
silicon nitride (Si3N4 )to be joined to the metal pipe or equivalent by means
of heat fusion. The flange members 2, 3 engageable with the ends of the
silicon nitride pipe can facilitate the connection between the metal pipes
and the silicon nitride pipe.
Austenite base stainless steel, such as SUS 316 of a non-magnetic
material, is used as a material of the flange members 2, 3, so as to be
resistant to the magnetic flux produced by the coil 7. The temperature
sensor 13 is fixed to the metal pipe line 102 at the discharge side of the fluid
14 via a socket.
The heating element 8 is accommodated in the silicon nitride pipe 6,
around which the coil 7 is wound at a position opposite to the heating
element 8. The coil 7 used is made of lowest possible copper loss and is
formed by a twined litz wire or a copper tube of round, half-round or oval.
Preferably, the heating element 8 has permeability with a degree that
permits a supply of power without difficulty; capability of facilitating the
heat exchange from and to the fluid 14; and corrosion resistance to the fluid
14. Martensitic stainless steels, such as SUS 447J1, are used as a material
of the heating element. Further, the detailed structure of the heating
element 8 is described with reference to FIG. 2. FIG. 2(a) is a top view
showing the structure of the heating element 8 and FIG. 2(b) is a
perspective view showing the structure of the heating element 8.
The heating element 8 is formed into a cylindrical column shape as a
whole, with first plate-like sheet materials 21 and second corrugated sheet
materials 22 laminated alternately and also the first sheet materials 21
positioned at both ends of the side surfaces. The sheet materials are so
arranged that wave crests (or wave troughs) 23 of the second sheet
materials 22 are just slanted at an angle α with respect to the center axis 24
and the wave crests (or troughs) 23 of second sheet materials 22 adjoining
across the first sheet materials 21 are intersected each other. At the
intersecting points 25 of the crests (or troughs) 23 of the second adjoining
sheet materials 22, the first sheet materials 21 and the second sheet
materials 22 are welded by spot welding, for electrical conduction. The
second sheet materials 22 have, on their surfaces, holes 26 for causing
turbulent flow of the fluid 14. In place of or in addition to the holes 26,
satinizing may be effectively given to the first sheet materials 21 and/or the
second sheet material 22 to roughen the surfaces of the same. In short, the
first sheet materials 21 and the second sheet materials 22 are arranged to
be substantially parallel to each other with respect to a direction of the
diameter D passing through the center axis 24 of the heating element 8 (a
transverse direction of the periphery) so that electric flow can be most
facilitated. Then, a skin effect (a state in which only an outer periphery of
the heating element 8 is heated) appearing in the electromagnetic induction
is broken to heat the interior of the heating element 8.
The heating element 8 originally formed has such a diameter D as to
define an annular space Rs between its outer periphery and an inner
periphery of the silicon nitride pipe 6. The heating element 8 is loosely
fitted into the silicon nitride pipe 6 to be in axial alignment with it and is
inserted in the pipe 6 until it is held in place by projecting portions 30
serving as holding means. The diameter D of the heating element 8 is
determined so that when the fluid 14 is heated by the apparatus 1, the
annular space Rs, which is larger than a thermal expansion difference
between the amount by which the silicon nitride pipe 6 thermally expands
in the radial direction and the amount by which the heating element 8
thermally expands in the radial direction, is defined between the heating
element 8 and the silicon nitride pipe 6. The projecting portions 30 serving
as the holding means are spaced from each other circumferentially so that
the fluid from the inflow side can flow into the annular space Rs. Instead
of the projecting portions 30, a ceramic ring, having a number of holes or
notches communicating with the annular space Rs, of non-magnetic and
good heat resistance and corrosion resistance, may be press-fitted in the
pipe.
35 denotes a ring stopper, which is made of a material of non-magnetic
and good heat resistance and corrosion resistance, such as ceramic. The
ring stopper is fitted into the silicon nitride pipe 6 from the discharge side of
the fluid 14 and is fixed in place, with a space Vs, of equal to or slightly
short of the thermal expansion amount of the heating element 8 in the axial
direction, defined between the stopper and the heating element 8. The
ring stopper 35 is set from the discharge side to be positioned over the
heating element 8, extending radially across the annular space Rs, and is
brought into engagement with the heating element 8 via the thermal
expansion of the heating element 8 to close the annular space Rs from the
discharge side.
In operation, when the fluid 14 is allowed to flow from the inflow side
to the discharge side of the apparatus 1 and is heated through the silicon
nitride pipe 6 and the heating element 8 by means of the electromagnetic
induction caused by the coil 7, there arises a difference in radial thermal
expansion between the silicon nitride pipe 6 and the heating element 8.
The annular space Rs, which is defined between the silicon nitride pipe 6
and the heating element 8 and is sufficient to allow for the thermal
expansion difference, then absorbs the thermal expansion difference, with
narrowing the annular space Rs, so as to prevent stress from exerting on the
silicon nitride pipe 6 when the heating element 8 contacts with and presses
on it. Also, the heating element 8 thermally expands in the axial direction
as well, the thermal expansion of which is however absorbed by the thermal
expansion of the space Vs formed between the heating element 8 and the
ring stopper 35.
During the time, the fluid 14 flowing from the metal pipe line 101 into
the inflow side of the apparatus 1 flows into the heating element 8 to be
heated therein and then flows out to the discharge side, and a part of the
fluid 14 tries to flow from the inflow side to the discharge side directly or by
way of the heating element 8 and the annular space Rs. On the other hand,
the heating element 8 is thermally expanded in the axial direction and is
brought into engagement with the ring stopper 35 to close the annular gap
Rs at the discharge side, so as to hinder the part of the fluid 14 from flowing
directly to the discharge side. As a result, a pressure to force the fluid into
the discharge side is generated in the annular space Rs by the flow of the
fluid 14 from the inflow side, and as such can allow the fluid 14 flowing into
the annular space Rs to be forced into the heating element 8 by the
pressure.
This enables a possible breakage of the silicon nitride pipe 6 caused by
the thermal expansion of the heating element 8 to be prevented even when
the heating element 8 is heated by means of the electromagnetic induction
caused by the coil 7. Also, even when there is formed the annular space Rs
for allowing the thermal expansion of the heating element 8 to be absorbed,
since the heating element 8 is thermally expanded to be brought into
engagement with the ring stopper 35 and thereby the annular space Rs is
closed from the discharge side to force the fluid 14 flowing into the annular
gap Rs into the heating element 8, the fluid 14 can be heated uniformly by
the heating element 8.
Next, an operation method for heating the fluid by use of the above-mentioned
electromagnetic induction heater 1 is discussed below. The
method in which the beating element 8 is started to be heated by means of
the electromagnetic induction while the fluid 14 is allowed to flow may be
adopted, but such a method has a disadvantage that the fluid 14 is kept on
flowing with its temperature remaining out of required temperature until it
reaches the required temperature. According to the present invention,
good responsivity of the electromagnetic induction beater 1 is used to enable
the zero-start that the fluid is allowed to flow with the temperature close to
a required temperature from the beginning. First, the fluid is filled in the
silicon nitride pipe 6 to dip the heating element 8 in the fluid. With kept in
this state, the heating element 8 is heated by means of the electromagnetic
induction, then allowing the heating element 8 and the fluid to be heated up
to the required temperature. When the fluid is allowed to flow after that,
the fluid can start flowing with the temperature close to the required
temperature from the beginning, due to the good responsivity of the heating
element 8.
At this time, the silicon nitride pipe is also heated to the same extent,
so that, when the before-heated fluid flows into the heated silicon nitride
pipe 6, the silicon nitride pipe 6 in the high temperature state is suddenly
cooled down and subjected to the thermal shock. However, since the pipe
is formed of silicon nitride of good thermal shock resistance capable of
enduring temperatures ranging from 400°C or more to 800°C or less, the
pipe can endure the thermal shock.
In the case of the fluid being gas, in particular, there may be cases
where the pipe is heated up to temperatures as high as 600°C, sometimes
800°C or more, in the case of which the degree of the thermal shock to the
pipe increases. The pipe manufactured can however be allowed to have the
thermal shock resistance at temperatures exceeding 880°C by particularly
controlling the composition of the silicon nitride and the manufacturing
process. In the case of the silicon nitride of EC-141 (Type number)
available from Nippon Tokushu Togyo K.K., for instance, the thermal shock
resistance temperature exceeds 880°C. By using the silicon nitride capable
of allowing the pipe to have such high thermal shock resistance
temperature for the pipe, the pipe is allowed to have the capability to
endure the thermal shock even when the above-mentioned zero-start is
repeated.
Next, the electromagnetic heater of another embodimient of the present
invention will be described with reference to Fig. 3 in which the same
reference numerals identify the same elements of function in FIG. 1, with
the description thereof omitted.
The difference between FIG. 3 and FIG. 1 is in that the metal pipe 102
on the discharge side of the fluid is provided with an expandable portion 40,
and the metal pipes 101, 102 located on the inflow side and the discharge
side of the fluid are respectively provided with first and second supporting
members 42, 43 for supporting from the metal pipes the heating element 8
in the silicon nitride pipe 41. Thus, the silicon nitride pipe 6 of this
embodiment is not provided therein with any projecting portions 30 used as
the holding means for holding the heating element 8, differently from the
silicon nitride pipe 6 of FIG. 1, but is simply formed into a cylindrical shape
with its outer periphery at the both ends slightly expanded.
The expandable portion 40 of the metal pipe 102 is axially expandable,
for allowing the thermal expansion of the silicon nitride pipe 41 to escape in
the axial direction properly to prevent the silicon nitride pipe 41 from being
damaged by the thermal expansion. From the viewpoint that the thermal
expansion of the silicon nitride pipe 41 is allowed to escape axially with
efficiency, the expandable portion 40 is preferably arranged at the nearest
possible position to the silicon nitride pipe 41. According to this
embodiment, the expandable portion 40 is arranged in proximity to the
flange 104 near a joint portion between the silicon nitride pipe 41 and the
metal pipe 102.
Alternatively, the expandable portion, axially expandable and
contractable, may be arranged at least somewhere on an extension of the
axis of the silicon nitride pipe to allow the thermal expansion of the silicon
nitride pipe to escape in the axial direction properly. For example, the
expandable portion, even if arranged at a position about 1 meter away from
the silicon nitride pipe, can prevent breakage of the silicon nitride pipe
caused by the thermal expansion.
The expandable portion 40, which is arranged only in the metal pipe
102 at the discharge side of the gas in this embodiment, may be arranged in
both of the metal pipe 101 at the inflow side of the gas and the metal pipe
102 at the discharge side of the gas, if desirable. Alternatively, the
expandable portion 40 may be arranged only in the metal pipe 101 at the
inflow side of the gas.
The expandable portion 40 comprises outer pipes 102a, 102b of the
metal pipe 102; an inner sliding pipe 40a which is so arranged in the outer
pipes 102a, 102b as to be in contact with the inner periphery thereof, a
bellows 40b secured between the outer pipes 102a, 102b and covering the
outer periphery of the inner sliding pipe 40a; and a coupling member 40c for
coupling the outer pipes 102a, 102b with each other so that the outer pipe
102a is axially movable relative to the outer pipe 102b.
The coupling member 40c is a cylindrical member receiving the outer
pipes 102a, 102b therein and having a plurality of axially extending
elongate slits 50. With the outer pipe 102b inserted in the coupling
member 40c at one end thereof to be fixed thereto and the outer pipe 102a
inserted in coupling member at the other end thereof, pins 51 which are so
fitted in the slits 50 as to be slidable along the axial direction thereof are
secured to the outer pipe 102a.
When the silicon nitride pipe 41 is expanded by heat, the outer pipe
102a moves along the outer periphery of the inner sliding pipe 40a, and the
bellows 40b expands or contracts in response to the movement of the outer
pipe 102a.
The structure using the bellows may be modified such that a pleated
pipe joint having pleats through which the pipe is allowed to expand axially
is used as the expandable portion 40. With this modification, not only
axial expansion but also axial displacement occurring when the silicon
nitride pipe is incorporated in the metal pipe lines can be absorbed.
The first supporting member 42 comprises a first projection 42a
extending from the inner periphery of the metal pipe 102 to the center of the
diameter of the pipe; a first column 42b extending axially from a projected
terminal of the first projection 42a to the ring stopper 35; and a beam 42c
extending radially from the ring stopper 35 of the first column 42b to extend
across the ring stopper 35.
The first projection 42a of the first supporting member 42, which is
fixed in the metal pipe 102 by welding or equivalent, is preferably made of
the same material as that of the metal pipe 102. The first column 42b of
the first supporting member 42, which may be molded to be integral with or
may be joined to the first projection 42a by welding, adhesive bonding,
bolting and the like, may be made of the same material as the metal pipe or
ceramic such as silicon nitride, preferably, non-magnetic ceramic, in order
to be hardly affected by magnetic flux produced by the coil 7.
The first supporting member 42 is fixed in position, with the beam 42c
being so positioned as to be in touch with the ring stopper 35. The first
supporting member 42 is secured in the metal pipe 102 by the first
projection 42a being fixed on the inner periphery of the metal pipe 102 by
welding or other suitable means. This enables the heating element 8 to be
kept in position in the silicon nitride pipe 41 without causing the ring
stopper 35 to be out of position even when flow velocity of the fluid in the
pipe increases.
The second supporting member 43 comprises a second projectrion 43a
extending from the inner periphery of the metal pipe 101 to the center of the
diameter of the pipe and a second column 43b extending axially from a
projected terminal of the second projection 43a to the heating element 8.
The materials of the second projection 43a and the second column 43b
of the second supporting member 43 are the same as those of the first
projection 42a and the first column 42b of the first supporting member 42.
The second supporting member 43 is fixed in position, with one end of
the second column 43b being so positioned as to be in touch with the heating
element 8. The second supporting member 43 is secured in the metal pipe
101 by the second projection 43a being fixed on the inner periphery of the
metal pipe 101 by welding or other suitable means. This enables the
heating element 8 to be kept in position in the silicon nitride pipe 41, in
association with the first supporting member, thus eliminating the use of
the projecting portions 30 as the holding means for holding the heating
element 8, as in the silicon nitride pipe 6 shown in FIG. 1.
As mentioned above, the flange members 2, 3 engageable with the
ends of the silicon nitride pipe 41 and the first and second supporting
members 42, 43 for supporting the heating element 8 in the silicon nitride
pipe from the metal pipes 101, 102 can eliminate the need for forming the
flange portions and the heating element supporting portions at the silicon
nitride pipe. As a result of this, the form of the silicon nitride pipe is
simplified, as shown in FIG. 3, to facilitate the mold of the silicon nitride
pipe and reduce the manufacturing costs.
As obvious from the foregoing, the present invention is optimally applicable
to an electromagnetic induction heater capable of preventing the pipe from
being damaged when heated at high temperatures or instantaneously, and
to the operation method thereof.
Claims (8)
- An electromagnetic induction heater comprising a pipe (6 or 41) made of a non-magnetic material through which a fluid flows in and out; a coil (7) wound around said pipe (6 or 41); and a heating element (8) accommodated in said pipe (6 or 41) to be heated by means of electromagnetic induction caused by said coil (7), said pipe (6 or 41) being a molded form of silicon nitride.
- An electromagnetic induction heater as set forth in Claim 1, wherein thermal shock resistance temperature of said silicon nitride exceeds 600°C.
- An electromagnetic induction heater as set forth in either of Claims 1 and 2, which comprises:flange members (2, 3) including flanges, formed at opposite ends of said silicon nitride pipe (6 or 41), to engage with the ends of said silicon nitride pipe (6 or 41) and project radially outwardly therefrom;metal pipes (101, 102) having flanges (103, 104) to be connected to said opposite ends of said silicon nitride pipe (6 or 41); andfastening members (9, 10) for fastening said flange members (2, 3) at the opposite ends of said silicon nitride pipe (6 or 41) to said flanges (103, 104) of said metal pipes (101, 102), respectively.
- An electromagnetic induction heater as set forth in Claim 3, wherein at least one of said metal pipes (101, 102) is provided with an expandable portion (40) which is on an extension of an axis of said silicon nitride pipe (6 or 41) and is expandable at least in the axial direction.
- An electromagnetic induction heater as set forth in Claim 4, wherein said metal pipes (101, 102) are provided with supporting members (42, 43) for supporting said heating element (8) in said silicon nitride pipe (41).
- An operation method using an electromagnetic induction heater comprising a pipe (6 or 41) made of a non-magnetic material through which fluid flows in and out; a coil (7) wound around said pipe (6 or 41); and a heating element (8) accommodated in said pipe (6 or 41) to be heated by means of electromagnetic induction caused by said coil (7), said pipe (6 or 41) being a molded form of silicon nitride, said operation method comprising: filling said pipe (6 or 41) with fluid before the fluid is allowed to flow; and preheating said heating element (8) in said pipe (6 or 41) by means of the electromagnetic induction before the fluid is allowed to flow.
- An operation method of said electromagnetic induction heater as set forth in Claim 6, wherein thermal shock resistance temperature of said silicon nitride exceeds 600°C.
- An operation method of said electromagnetic induction heater as set forth in either of Claims 6 and 7, wherein said fluid is gas.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP21974595 | 1995-08-03 | ||
JP219745/95 | 1995-08-03 | ||
PCT/JP1996/002166 WO1997006652A1 (en) | 1995-08-03 | 1996-07-31 | Electromagnetic induction heater and operation method therefor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0873045A1 true EP0873045A1 (en) | 1998-10-21 |
EP0873045A4 EP0873045A4 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
Family
ID=16740335
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96925966A Withdrawn EP0873045A4 (en) | 1995-08-03 | 1996-07-31 | Electromagnetic induction heater and operation method therefor |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0873045A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3628705B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR19990036094A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1192318A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6629696A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997006652A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2010201462A1 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-26 | Kukel International Group Limited | Magnetic hygienical water tap |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3873802B2 (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2007-01-31 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Surface acoustic wave filter |
US6781100B2 (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2004-08-24 | Husky Injection Molding Systems, Ltd. | Method for inductive and resistive heating of an object |
KR100762010B1 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2007-09-28 | 윤국선 | Induction heating type thermal mat |
CN104505799B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-09-05 | 赵钦基 | Other station power line of the wire termination with low-resistance socket connection interface |
CN105576317B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2018-06-15 | 广州宝狮无线供电技术有限公司 | Program control type electromagnetic induction heater and the method using this device processing refuse battery |
CN109595789B (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2024-02-06 | 深圳热鑫能源科技有限公司 | Horizontal water heater |
CN113242623B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2024-04-30 | 烟台大学 | Pipeline type fluid temperature rising device for metal electromagnetic induction heating-phase change heat storage |
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JPS616207A (en) * | 1983-12-07 | 1986-01-11 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | Core tube of induction heating furnace |
FR2645941A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-19 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Device for linking a metallic support to a tubular element made from a refractory material of the ceramic type, and hydrocarbon pyrolysis plant comprising such elements and their linking devices |
JPH0398286A (en) * | 1989-09-09 | 1991-04-23 | Seta Giken:Kk | Laminated filled body heating device |
US5186910A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1993-02-16 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Method and reactor for oxidation with a pressure drop differential, and its use |
US5324904A (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1994-06-28 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Reactors for effecting chemical processes |
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JPS53146343A (en) * | 1977-05-25 | 1978-12-20 | Hitachi Ltd | Electromagnetic induction heating device |
JPS63190280A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1988-08-05 | 株式会社東芝 | Roller for radio frequency induction heating |
JPH0644071Y2 (en) * | 1989-05-16 | 1994-11-14 | 帝人製機株式会社 | Heating roller heating device |
JP3553627B2 (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 2004-08-11 | 株式会社瀬田技研 | Electromagnetic induction heat converter |
-
1996
- 1996-07-31 KR KR1019980700760A patent/KR19990036094A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-07-31 AU AU66296/96A patent/AU6629696A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-07-31 CN CN96195994A patent/CN1192318A/en active Pending
- 1996-07-31 EP EP96925966A patent/EP0873045A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-07-31 WO PCT/JP1996/002166 patent/WO1997006652A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-07-31 JP JP50830697A patent/JP3628705B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS616207A (en) * | 1983-12-07 | 1986-01-11 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | Core tube of induction heating furnace |
US5324904A (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1994-06-28 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Reactors for effecting chemical processes |
FR2645941A1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-19 | Procedes Petroliers Petrochim | Device for linking a metallic support to a tubular element made from a refractory material of the ceramic type, and hydrocarbon pyrolysis plant comprising such elements and their linking devices |
JPH0398286A (en) * | 1989-09-09 | 1991-04-23 | Seta Giken:Kk | Laminated filled body heating device |
US5186910A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1993-02-16 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Method and reactor for oxidation with a pressure drop differential, and its use |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 148 (C-350), 29 May 1986 & JP 61 006207 A (TOSHIBA CERAMICS KK;OTHERS: 02), 11 January 1986 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 015, no. 284 (E-1091), 18 July 1991 & JP 03 098286 A (SETA GIKEN:KK), 23 April 1991 * |
See also references of WO9706652A1 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2010201462A1 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-26 | Kukel International Group Limited | Magnetic hygienical water tap |
EP2336089A3 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-12-07 | Kukel Technology Company Limited | Magnetic hygienical water tap |
AU2010201462B2 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2012-01-12 | Kukel International Group Limited | Magnetic hygienical water tap |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1997006652A1 (en) | 1997-02-20 |
EP0873045A4 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
CN1192318A (en) | 1998-09-02 |
JP3628705B2 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
KR19990036094A (en) | 1999-05-25 |
AU6629696A (en) | 1997-03-05 |
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