Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
  • H04B7/14—Relay systems
  • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
  • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
  • H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
  • H04B7/18532—Arrangements for managing transmission, i.e. for transporting data or a signalling message
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W76/00—Connection management
  • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
  • H04W92/02—Inter-networking arrangements

Definitions

• the present invention relates to communications protocols and communication systems, and more particularly to methods of wireless communication such as cellular and satellite based communications.
• the present invention also relates to communications apparatuses designed to transmit and receive full duplex two-way wireless radio digital data messages for data exchange, continuous electronic monitoring (CEM), and Global Positioning System (GPS) telemetry tracking.
• CEM continuous electronic monitoring
• GPS Global Positioning System
• CDPD Cellular Data Packet Data
• CDPD is expensive to apply to a cellular network.
• CDPD has an overly complicated protocol, and end user equipment is expensive.
• CDPD is not designed to handle short messaging very well, as such systems are specifically designed for the purpose of transmittmg and receiving large data files from computer to computer and other internet related operations.
• the present inventor's two-way data packet messaging system is designed to provide a viable platform for implementing a wide spectrum of value-added bearer services for existing cellular mobile radio, personal communication systems (PCS), and global systems for mobile (GSM).
• the present invention provides for a pristine and elegantly simple solution for providing value-added bearer services that include but are not limited to synchronized, asynchronous, packet switched, packet assembler/dissembler access protocols that make possible; two-way data messaging, two-way paging, motor vehicle fleet tracking, motor vehicle anti-theft, personnel management and tracking, remote sensing technology, electronic confinement, traffic management, global positioning system (GPS) data communications, point-of-sales, wireless gambling, and numerous other appUcations. It is another object of the invention to provide new data protocols that seamlessly fit within the highly efficient, robust and high-speed existing access channel and control channel protocols without causing disruption to existing cellular wireless network voice, and data traffic operations, and normal control channel operation routines.
• GPS global positioning system
• the present invention does not significantly impact any host cellular system capacity. In fact, the present invention does not cause any switching capacity problems. It is a stand-alone virtual data communication network that does not need to utilize any part of the cellular switch. However, the present invention can be adapted and fully integrated with all cellular base transceiver stations (BTS), base site controllers (BSC) and mobile switching center
• BTS base transceiver stations
• BSC base site controllers
• control channel apphcation data CCAD
• MSC management channel apphcation data
• CCAD data words are created and transmitted by the present invention's core application specific communicators and terminals for the purpose of sending global positioning system (GPS) correlative reference data bits, and other terminal or apphcation specific device status bits to master central monitoring stations (MCMS) that process and relay said data words to individual apphcation specific service bearers and service facilitators.
• GPS global positioning system
• MCMS master central monitoring stations
• the present invention also provides for full integration of apphcation specific devices that are separate data gathering systems such as global positioning system receivers, motor vehicle anti-theft devices, fleet management devices, gambling terminals, personnel management devices, stationary remote sensing devices, stationary security systems, that are physically integrated to normal but modified cellular terminals or communicators.
• the present invention's communicators and terminals are specially designed to process, and send the status bits created by these separate but physically integrated devices within control channel and system access channel multi- word packet protocols.
• the present invention offers unique interface protocols that are programmed to provide a transparent integration of device status bits within control channel and access channel bit fields that are normally used by cellular terminals for host cellular system access, registration, origination and other related control channel and access channel processes.
• the present invention's application specific status bit fields are sent simultaneously with control channel and access channel information bits, and are virtually transparent to the host cellular system.
• these status bits can contain all sorts of additional information, such as motor vehicle and personnel; position, velocity, direction, emergency status, home arrest status bits, security system status bits, environmental monitoring sensor status bits, betting information, and many other related application specific status bits.
• BTS base transceiver station
• MSC mobile switching center
• the present invention provides for full duplex communications by integrating paging receivers, cell broadcast receivers, forward control channel receivers, digital traffic channel receivers and satellite receivers to the above mentioned application specific communicator.
• Special instruction or command messages are sent from the Master Central Monitoring Station (MCMS) by electronic and man-machine interface terminals via the PSTN/PLMN network to designated paging network controllers, cellular network switching centers and satellite network controllers. Once received, these command messages are processed and subsequently transmitted to one or many apphcation specific terminals or communicators via paging, cellular, and cell broadcast base stations and other transmission towers.
• the apphcation specific communicator receives the special command or instructional message, it is programmed to respond by processing and recognizing the significance of a particular command message and transmits the response over control channels and access channels in the heretofore mentioned manner.
• Another important feature of the present invention is its ability to provide accurate accounting, in that each CCAD data packet is considered an individual transaction, therefore the customer is charged for only the CCAD data packet sent and processed.
• each CCAD data packet is considered an individual transaction, therefore the customer is charged for only the CCAD data packet sent and processed.
• specialized data communications protocols and communications apparatuses which provide specialized apphcation specific data communications for use with cellular mobile radio networks, personal communication systems (PCS) networks, global system for mobile (GSM) and satellite system networks.
• the methodology described herein is integrated and operates within existing control channels, signaling channels, digital traffic channels, primary digital access channels, secondary digital access channels, fast associated control control channels (FACCH), authentication channels, slow associated control channels
• SACCH Control channel protocols that utilize FSK, TDMA, CDMA and other cellular network radio modulation platforms. Additional protocols and platforms which the present invention may also be applied to are specific in official documents called Interim Standards pubhshed by the Telephone Industry Association (TIA), and the European Telephone Standard (ETS).
• TIA Telephone Industry Association
• ETS European Telephone Standard
• Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a preferred wireless communications method showing the functional components of the control channel application data communication system, according to the invention.
• Fig. 2 is a logic flow diagram of the wireless communication method, according to the invention.
• Fig. 3 is a control channel apphcation data word block diagram contained within an autonomous registration data packet, according to the invention.
• Fig. 4 shows a logic flow chart of the data packet processing routine, according to the invention.
• Fig. 5 is a block diagram of four access and control channel protocols used by the invention, according to the invention.
• a wireless communication method comprising: adding control channel apphcation specific data words to a wireless network by tagging said apphcation specific data words onto cellular access protocols contained within a plurahty of multi-word data packets which transport user information within a selected protocol within said wireless network; transmitting said control channel apphcation specific data words from an application specific terminal and communicator to a transceiver means, to a controller means, and to switching means; and, relaying and routing said control channel apphcation specific data words to an existing communication network.
• a wireless two-way data packet messaging method comprising: adding control channel apphcation data words to an existing wireless communication system by tagging said control channel application data words onto access protocols contained within a plurahty of multi- word data packets which transport user information within a selected protocol within said wireless communications system; transmitting said control channel apphcation data words from an apphcation specific terminal and communicator to a transceiver means, to a controller means, and to a mobile switching means; and, relaying and routing said control channel apphcation data words to an existing communication network.
• the present invention also provides a wireless communications method, comprising: transmitting apphcation specific status data bits simultaneously with control channel and access channel data bits within a wireless communications system; and, combining additional data bits to said status data bits for conveying application specific data.
• CCAD Control Channel Apphcation Data
• BTS base transceiver sites
• BSC base site controllers
• MSC mobile switching center
• PSTN public switched telephone network
• MCMS master central monitoring station
• Regional processing center, facilitator bearer service providers (FAC) 120, and global positioning Navstar satellites (GPS) 112 and Inmarsat P satellites 114 are also shown.
• Cell broadcast transmitters 226, speciahzed control and access channel receivers 227, paging network controllers (PNCC) 221, and satellite system network controllers 109 are operably tinked to the system.
• each base transceiver site (BTS) 101 and base site controUer (BSC) 224 are identical to one another, or represent base transceiver sites (BTS) 101 that operate as an integral part of any ceUular mobile radio network, regardless of what standard it is configured to be compatible with, be it AMPS cellular, TACS ceUular, ETACS cellular, NMT ceUular, TDMA cellular, CDMA ceUular, and/or a global system for mobUe (GSM) cellular network system.
• GSM global system for mobUe
• the present invention operates in essentiaUy the same methodology regardless of what protocol and modulation format the control channels, access channels and overhead signaling channels are configured for, be it digital or analog.
• the base transceiver sites (BTS), base site controller (BSC), mobile switching centers (MSC), the PSTN and Tl/El spans are, preferably, part of an existing ceUular communication system which operates over a designated cellular communications band.
• the MCMS 106 and FAC 120 which are CCAD system installations preferably comprise one or more computer terminals for processing data word packets, sending command instructions to the end user, and maintaining records.
• the MCMS and FAC also contain standard telephone lines, GPS topography software and readout displays, multiplexing switches, PSTN lines, Tl/El lines, and other standard central monitoring and service center equipment well known in the art.
• the BTS, BSC, MCMS and FAC process all receive CCAD data word packets and send all command and instruction data words by unique software programs contained within the processors and terminals located at these CCAD system installations.
• Fig. 2 a block diagram of a CCAD muUet-word packet 103 is shown and how it is preferably sent and processed at the BTS and MSC.
• This CCAD packet 103 is configured for the FSK analog modulated reverse control channel (RECC) that is typicaUy utilized in such cellular radio system access protocols.
• this CCAD data packet utilizes a 48-bit word called the H word 140, that contains 36 information bits and 12 parity bits and is specifically designed to contain and carry apphcation specific data bits such as GPS correlation location position bits and other status bit information.
• the RECC protocol allows for up to eight words to be sent in one RECC multi-word data packet.
• This same RECC data packet is an autonomous registration packet with a total of five attached H words.
• appUcations wiU typicaUy require no more than two H words to be transmitted along with the other three autonomous registration information words, however, certain CCAD applications wiU require only one H word to be used, and others will require up to five H words.
• Some digital access and control protocols aUow for an unlimited number of appUcation specific data packets to be attached to registration packets, origination packets, and other signaling packets.
• apphcation data packets can be sent independent of all other access protocol routines, as long as a designated ceUular control channel and access channel operations standard are modified to aUow for separate and independent appUcation specific data word packets to be transmitted, received, recognized and processed by the host cellular network.
• the FSK RECC 48- bit multi- word packet wUl be the focus of this disclosure, for all control channel and access channel protocols operate simUarly, regardless of the modulation scheme; be it digital or analog, data throughput rate, or designated operating frequency.
• FIG. 3 a block diagram of an FSK RECC 48-bit autonomous registration data packet with one H word attached is shown, and depicts the three words of this basic autonomous registration packet, and iUustrates the significance of each information bit.
• the CCAD communications terminal 100 is preferably configured to operate within the parameters of AMPS, NAMPS, DAMPS, TACS and ETACS ceUular standards.
• the CCAD communications terminal 100 transmits a CCAD data packet 103 that is configured as an autonomous registration data packet
• the CCAD packet is received by the BTS 101, via an individual sector antenna 122, which is directly attached to a control channel sector receiver 227, that converts air interface protocol to RS232 electrical protocol.
• the BSC 224 contains a special processor 115 that scans aU control channel or access channel data packets and detects aU CCAD data packets.
• the present invention provides for a separate sector receiver 227 that is attached in tandem along with a standard control channel BTS receiver.
• this stand-alone receiver 227 is directly attached to a separate and distinct CCAD data packet processor 115 that operates completely independent from the BSC processor 224.
• the present invention can operate and act independently from normal control channel data processing routines.
• the present invention can operate seamlessly without the need to add separate BTS and BSC hardware and software.
• Standard BSC software can be modified to recognize and process CCAD data packets by simply utUizing a software patch to existing BSC processor software to detect and route CCAD data packets to the MSC 104 via Tl/DSO pathways 105, that are provided by the PSTN 110. This enables the host cellular network to utilize the present invention's means and methodology without having to add one bit of BSC and BTS hardware.
• MSC 104 switch software can be programmed to receive and recognize CCAD data packets and automatically route said packets to the MCMS 106 via Tl/DSO routinely used by the PSTN 110.
• the entire CCAD apphcation specific data messaging system can be implemented and integrated with any ceUular network and its operations standard with software patch modifications to any and all BTS, BSC and MSCs without any need of adding separate hardware.
• certain cellular network operators may choose to implement CCAD technology without the necessity of modifying BSC, BTS and MSC operations software, yet still wanting the benefits of the technology. Therefore the present invention provides a CCAD network overlay system, that in fact creates a separate and distinct CCAD virtual network which operates in tandem but transparently to the host ceUular network.
• the CCAD data packet 103 is transmitted from the CCAD communications terminal 100, sector antenna 122 receives the data packet.
• a special CCAD sector receiver 227 receives the CCAD data packet 103, along with aU other control channel and access channel data.
• the sector receiver converts the air interface modulated protocol that contains the CCAD data packet 103 to RS 232 data protocol and routes the data packet to the CCAD BSC multiplexer 117, the multiplexer receives the data packet and routes the packet to the CCAD main BSC processor 115.
• the processor scans and detects only CCAD control channel and access channel data and ignores ah other non CCAD data packets.
• the processor passively scans and detects CCAD data packets without causing disruption to any and aU other control channel and access channel operations.
• the ceUular network that is configured with CCAD hardware and software ignores the H word and only recognizes the first three words of this autonomous registration packet. The H word is only relevant if the BSC, BTS and MSC software is modified and configured to recognize the H word or any other CCAD application specific data word. Otherwise the CCAD hardware and software virtual system operates totally separate to the host cellular network.
• the CCAD data packet is scanned and detected, it is then routed to the D4 channel bank 121 and a designated D4 channel bank card 118.
• the D4 channel bank card converts processor RS232 protocol into Tl/DSO protocol 105 and routes the CCAD data packet via the PSTN 110 to the MSC 104, whereby the CCAD MSC processor receives the data packet, processes, converts, and routes it to the MCMS 106 via the PSTN 110 for processing.
• the multiplexer 117 can handle up to three separate sector receivers.
• the multiplexer receives each one, at slightly different time increments.
• the packet is then sent to the processor 115 on a first come first serve basis.
• the multiplexer is synchronized to the cellular control channel access channel synchronization clock to maintain timing accuracy and uniformity.
• Sector antennas (a) 122, (b) 123, and (c) 124, can fully load the sector receivers (a) 227, (b) 228 and (c) 229, with data packets and the CCAD multiplexer wiU process aU incoming data packets at full network traffic load without loss of system efficiency or cause for overall system breakdown.
• a block diagram is shown that depicts the CCAD multi- word data packet in the FSK RECC protocol.
• the A-word 125 contains 36 information bits, however for CCAD data packet purposes the only bit fields pertinent are the mobile identification number (MIN) 128, the number of additional words coming (NAWC) field 129, and the station class mark (SCM) 130 bit fields.
• the MIN number is the ten- digit directory number assigned to aU mobUe terminals.
• AU mobUe terminals, including CCAD communications terminals are assigned an MIN number.
• the MIN number uniquely identifies the CCAD communications terminal as belonging to a paying cellular system user that is assigned to a specific ceUular carrier which operates in a designated geographic area.
• the primary MIN number is made up of seven digits, as depicted in the A word 125.
• CCAD communications terminals also have normal ceUular te ⁇ ninal voice capabiUties like aU other cellular communicators, and the MIN number provides full duplex to the PSTN network and the assigned ceUular terminal.
• the B-word 126 contains the three-digit area code 133 of the full MIN number. Additional information contained in the B-word is the order qualifier code 134 and the order code 135. These two code fields instruct the BSC to perform various tasks. This particular order code ⁇ 0110 l ⁇ tells the BSC that this data packet is an autonomous registration, therefore no voice or traffic channel is requested.
• the A- word 124 contains an NAWC 129 field, in fact all RECC FSK words contain an NAWC field. This field instructs the BSC to expect a designated number of words to be counted and received in this particular data packet.
• the A-word 125 NAWC field 129 teUs the BSC to expect four additional words to follow the first word received. In fact each word indicates in its own NAWC field to expect so many additional words to follow. In this way adding two or more H-words to an autonomous registration data packet works, thus transforming it into an apphcation specific data packet. This methodology is entirely acceptable to the protocol standards, whUe at the same time utilizing this control channel and access channel data packet in an entirely new and innovative way.
• the C-word is utilized principally as the electronic serial number (ESN) 136 word.
• ESN electronic serial number
• Each CCAD communications terminal has its own electronic serial number. This number contains information that identifies the manufacturer of the terminal, and other pertinent information.
• the ceUular provider uses the ESN to also identify the user, for authentication and account verification.
• the present invention utilizes the ESN 136, SCM 137 and the MIN 128 as indicators for the aforementioned scanning, recognition and identification process that takes place at the BTS, BSC and MSC. These designated bit fields are also utihzed to maintain an accurate transaction count when each CCAD data packet passes through the BTS, BSC, MSC, and MCMS. The facihtator and end user is charged for each CCAD data packet sent from the CCAD communications terminal and no more.
• H[l] word 131, and H[2] word 132 are shown here to Ulustrate how each data field is utihzed. For example in H[l] digl and dig2 fields 138 are used to identify each application to the MCMS.
• Digl indicates a 0 and dig2 indicates a 2, that teUs the MCMS that this particular CCAD communications terminal is designed for fleet tracking and is equipped with a GPS receiver.
• Dig 3, dig4, and dig 5, 139 indicates a 180-degree longitude location.
• Dig 6, dig7 and dig 8, 140 indicate more detailed longitude degree information 359.
• the H[2] word 132 preferably also contains GPS information and other related status information.
• digl, dig2, dig3, and dig4, 141 indicate 36.30 degrees latitude.
• Dig5 and dig 6, 142 indicate a 1 and 2
• the MCMS recognizes from these numbers that the motor vehicle this CCAD commumcations terminal is installed in, is traveling northwest, since the 1 indicates north and the 2 indicates west.
• Dig7 and dig 8, 143 indicate other status bits. These two fields can be used to signify a motor vehicle anti-theft alarm status, or emissions status.
• the present invention's GPS fields can also be used to indicate any GPS apphcation specific apparatus status for personnel management when a person is on foot, or traveling in a motor vehicle. This same approach can be used for home arrest criminal tracking, employee tracking, medical patient tracking, poUce officer tracking, child protection and other such appUcations. The applications of such method are truly numerous and varied.
• a logic flow diagram of the CCAD data packet is shown being processed at the BTS, BSC, MSC and MCMS.
• the CCAD communications terminal 100 transmits a CCAD data packet 103.
• INPUT 144 represents the BTS and BSC, once received the CCAD data packet and aU other data packets are multiplexed 145, scanned and either rejected at No 147 and data tossed via Exit 148, or identified by electronicaUy detecting the unique CCAD ESN, SCM and in some instances a special CCAD MIN contained within the data packet, and accepted as Yes 149.
• the processor preferably then creates a statistic 150, counts the transaction 151, records the transaction 152, appends the statistical record to the processed CCAD data packet 153, converts the CCAD data packet to Tl/DSO 154, and sends processed CCAD data packet to the
• the MCMS 106 via the PSTN exit 155.
• the packet is also expressed as a block description CCAD P 103.
• the CCAD packet 103 arrives at the MCMS, the data packet with appended statistics are examined, recorded, processed and various status determinations are made.
• the CCAD data packet contains GPS and other pertinent information that signifies to the MCMS, a particular need to (a) update a CCAD user's location, (b) send an alpha numeric message to cause the user to perform some manual function, and/or (c) send data command messages that cause the CCAD communications terminal to automaticaUy respond to the command by transmitting new CCAD data packets in the aforementioned manner, then the MCMS sends a command and instruction message.
• the CCAD user can be instructed to hold his communications terminal in such a way as to allow the GPS antenna to have a clear hne of sight to the GPS Navstar satellites orbiting the Earth.
• the GPS antenna is located in the flipout portion of the terminal that typicaUy acts as a microphone container, and aUows the user to simply hold the terminal until it receives GPS location correlations, and tells the user by audio tonal beeping that a new position has been achieved.
• the CCAD communications terminal can receive commands, alpha numeric instructions, and other alpha numeric messages from various communications mediums.
• the CCAD communications terminal can be equipped with a paging receiver, a satellite receiver, a ceU broadcast receiver, or the terminal can receive the aforementioned messaging from the host ceUular system's forward control channels, paging channels, overhead channels, and digital traffic and control channels.
• the MCMS 106 can send instructions and command messages from a paging network 156, or chosen satellite network such as Inmarsat P 157, or by GSM cell broadcast point to omni-point system 108.
• the present invention can utUize any control channel, access channel and signaling channel protocol.
• a CCAD data packet can be tagged onto or integrated with an RECC FSK autonomous registration packet 107 with a contained H word 140, an IS-54/IS-136 DAMPS TDMA access channel and control channel data packet, with the apphcation data H word contained in the FACCH field 160 and the user data field.
• the CCAD data packet H word can be contained with an IS-95 narrowband spread spectrum control channel and access channel data field 159.
• the H word can be made up of a 172-bit CDMA field 161, a 122-bit TDMA user data field 164, and the FACCH field 160, contained within the same data frame.
• the H word can also be made up of 184 FACCH GSM message bits 163 contained within a standard GSM access channel and control channel TDMA word block 165.
• AU of these protocols utihze training sequence bits, tail release bits, and are quite similar to one another.
• the only marked differences between each protocol Ulustrated here are the modulation, data burst schemes, data rates and synchronization routines that are used.
• the method of the present invention and the means disclosed herein for the CCAD data packet for each protocol is essentially the same.
• the methodology and means for scanning, recognition, and processing CCAD data packets at the BTS, BSC, MSC and MCMS is essentiaUy the same for each protocol and operations standard listed here, regardless of the modulation scheme, data rate, and overall operations standard.
• the present invention's means and methodology can be apphed to any and all cellular system control channel, access channel and short messaging formats.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Signal Processing (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

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• 1995
  • 1995-08-04 EP EP95929381A patent/EP0872108A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1995-08-04 CA CA002228417A patent/CA2228417A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-08-04 WO PCT/US1995/009887 patent/WO1997006626A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation

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