EP0871980A1 - A container for a closed, cylindrical, rechargeable battery cell - Google Patents
A container for a closed, cylindrical, rechargeable battery cellInfo
- Publication number
- EP0871980A1 EP0871980A1 EP95936808A EP95936808A EP0871980A1 EP 0871980 A1 EP0871980 A1 EP 0871980A1 EP 95936808 A EP95936808 A EP 95936808A EP 95936808 A EP95936808 A EP 95936808A EP 0871980 A1 EP0871980 A1 EP 0871980A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- container
- cover
- cylindrical
- container according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000652 nickel hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 5
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108091006149 Electron carriers Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- DOSMHBDKKKMIEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-(diethylamino)-6-diethylazaniumylidenexanthen-9-yl]-5-[3-[3-[4-(1-methylindol-3-yl)-2,5-dioxopyrrol-3-yl]indol-1-yl]propylsulfamoyl]benzenesulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC3=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C3C(C=3C(=CC(=CC=3)S(=O)(=O)NCCCN3C4=CC=CC=C4C(C=4C(NC(=O)C=4C=4C5=CC=CC=C5N(C)C=4)=O)=C3)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C21 DOSMHBDKKKMIEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
- H01M10/345—Gastight metal hydride accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a container for a closed, cylindrical, rechargeable battery cell, primarily an alkaline cell, such as a nickel/metal hydride battery or the like.
- a battery cell typical for the state of the art, preferably a nickel/metal hydride battery, comprises a cy ⁇ lindrical, deep-drawn vessel, usually of nickel plated steel plate.
- a complex including a negative and a positive electrode, which together with a separator are wound to a cylinder shaped package.
- an ion conducting fluid in the form of an electrolyte, usually a water solution of KOH or KOH+LiOH, which acts as an electron carrier between the electrodes.
- a cover consisting of a circular metal disk with an annular pack ⁇ ing, which covers the circumference of the disk.
- a safety valve usually consisting of a rubber block and a valve cover.
- the vessel has a pressed waist, which functions as a support for the cover.
- the cover is pushed down into the vessel to its waist, where ⁇ after the edges of the the vessel extending up over the cover are folded down. These edges are then pressed against the cover, so that the annular packing is squeezed between the waist and the folded edges.
- a problem with these batteries is to accomplish a fluid and gas tight sealing between the vessel and the cover.
- Certain manufacturers have succeeded in satis- factorily solving this problem but at the expense of a com ⁇ plicated and expensive manufacturing.
- For accomplishing this tight sealing very small tolerances on the upper part of the vessel are required and that the vessel material has to be free from stress.
- These requirements lead to a neces ⁇ sity for heat treatment of the vessel for increasing the ductility before the forming operation.
- the forming opera ⁇ tion leads to the exposure of the vessel wall to stresses and a weakening through thinning and crack formation of the vessel wall in the formed area thereof. This can lead to stress corrosion, which means that the vessel wall becomes perforated and leaks after exposure to the corrosive battery environment for a certain time.
- Another problem is the isolation between the positive and the negative pole.
- This problem is partly solved by the cover packing, which isolates the vessel (the negative pole) from the cover (the positive pole) .
- the positive contact lug is not isolated herewith, but instead a tape portion has to be applied around this lug in order to prevent short circuiting between the lug and the vessel.
- This tape application is a complicated step in the produc ⁇ tion, and a tape failure often leads to a short circuited battery.
- the whole vessel further con ⁇ stitutes the negative pole, isolated from the cover (the positive pole) only by the cover packing.
- the cylindrical part of the container is isolated, for example with a plastic shrink tube.
- the object of the invention is to remove the above stated and other problems with a prior container of the kind described above.
- This is according to the invention accomplished in that the electrode complex and electrolyte of the battery cell are arranged directly in a cylindrical tube of a thermoplastic material, provided with two end-sealing, circular disks of an electrically conductive plate material, the disks being so melted into the tube that a pressure-tight sealing is accomplished.
- Fig. 1 is a partly sectioned side view of a typical prior art battery cell
- Fig. 2 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1 of a battery cell according to the invention
- Fig. 3 is a cross sec- tional view to a larger scale of a lower part of a tube for the battery cell according to Fig. 2
- Figs. 4-11 are sections which show different alternative embodiments of the sealings of the tube and parts therefore.
- Fig. 1 shows a typical prior art battery cell.
- the battery container thereof is comprised of a deep-pressed vessel 1, usually of nickel plated steel plate, and a circular cover 2 in the form of a metal disk, inserted in an annular packing 3.
- This packing 3 is arranged between an upper rim 1' and a "waist" 1" of the vessel 1.
- a safety valve 4 which consists of a rubber block 5 over a center hole 6 in the cover 2 and a valve cap 7, which is spot welded to the cover for allowing exit of gas under pressure.
- a battery complex con ⁇ sisting of a negative electrode 8 with a current conducting lug 9 and a positive electrode 10 with a current conducting lug 11.
- the electrodes 8 and 10 are together with a sepa ⁇ rator 12 wound to a cylindrical electrode package.
- an ion conducting fluid as an elec ⁇ trolyte, usually a water solution of KOH or KOH+LiOH, which acts as an electron carrier between the electrodes.
- FIG. 2 A preferred embodiment of a battery cell according to the invention is shown in Fig. 2.
- This cell has a con- tainer, which in principle consists of a cylindrical tube 15 of a thermoplastic material, preferably polypropylene, with a cover 16 at its upper end and a bottom 17 at its lower end.
- a con- tainer which in principle consists of a cylindrical tube 15 of a thermoplastic material, preferably polypropylene, with a cover 16 at its upper end and a bottom 17 at its lower end.
- the container contains a battery complex of prin- cipally the same kind as has been shown in Fig. 1, namely electrodes 8 and 10, lugs 9 and 11, a separator 12 and electrolyte.
- the electrodes and the separator are also here wound to a cylindrical electrode package.
- the bottom 17 is introduced from above in the cylindrical tube 15, whose lower part hereby can have the appearance shown in Fig. 3.
- the outer diameter of the bottom 17 corresponds to the inner diameter of a lower tube part 15' in the tube 15, whereas the tube part thereunder has a slightly smaller diameter than a down- wardly extending embossment 17' (Fig. 2) of the bottom 17, so that the bottom has to be pressed in place.
- the inner surface of the tube material in the vicinity of the bottom 17 is warmed to such a temperature that the bottom is melted into the tube 15.
- the bottom can be placed in a tool at the manufacture of the cylindrical tube, so that an inte ⁇ grated construction is accomplished in one step.
- the cover 16 is introduced into the tube 15, whereafter the upper edge 15" thereof is melted to the form shown in Fig. 2, for example by means of hot air di ⁇ rected thereto.
- the tube rim 15" will hereby become co ⁇ planar with the upper surface of the cover 16, which has the form shown in Fig. 2.
- the cover 16 has a center hole, in which a rubber block 18 is arranged.
- a valve cover 19 is arranged over the rubber block 18 and is spot welded to the cover 16, so that exit of gas under pressure is allowed.
- the rubber block 18 and the valve cover 19 thus form a safety valve.
- the valve cover 19 can be folded down at its circumference as appears from Fig. 2, so that the battery cell obtains a neat appearance, but measures have then to be taken to provide for gas exit.
- Figs. 4-11 illustrate different embodiments of the closure of the tube, especially at its bottom. For the sake of clarity these figures are not provided with reference numerals and only show the cylindrical tube, which in Fig. 2 has the numeral 15, and the bottom, which has the numeral 17.
- FIG. 11 A bottom in the form of a cup with punched out edge holes is shown in Fig. 11.
- the edge of the cup is intended to be pushed into a circumferential channel in the lower part of the tube and to be attached by melting.
- the punched out edge holes are thereby intended to reinforce the con ⁇ nection in the axial direction, as high pressures in the battery otherwise would be able to push the bottom out of the tube.
- the cover and the bottom are circular disks, which may be designed in different ways for suiting different sealing ways. When a press-fit is being utilized, it is of course necessary that the cover and the bottom have an outer diameter which is larger than the inner diameter of the tube. A simplification of the sealing process is attained if the tube has an internal bevel for easier in ⁇ sertion of the disk.
- the cover and the bottom are made a material with good conductivity.
- the material which also shall be completely resistant in a strong alkaline electro ⁇ lyte, such as a concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide, can be stainless steel, pure nickel, nickel plated steel or nickel plated copper.
- the tube is a cylindrical tube with a generally con ⁇ stant inner diameter except in the ends, where the tube can be internally bevelled for accomplishing a simplified in- sertion of the cover or the bottom and possibly be provided with an internal shoulder assisting in getting the cover or the bottom in its exact position.
- the material in the tube is a polymer, which is resistant to a strong alkaline elec ⁇ trolyte and has good electrical isolation properties as well as low permeability for gases. For environmental reason the material shall also be free from halogen, such as polypropylene, polyethylene or polyamide.
- the sealing By dimensioning the sealing in a suitable way it may open at a desired pressure, and in this way the safety valve provided on present battery cells may be obviated.
- the tube In order to see to it that the sealing opens at the desired place and at the desired pressure, the tube can be provided with a fracture indication in a suitable place, and the opening pressure may be controlled by the size of this in- dication.
- the empty containers were manufactured by a tube shaped plastic sleeve from polypropylene (NESTE SC13 10GN) with an inner diameter of 13.1 mm and a wall thickness of 0.6 mm.
- the plastic sleeve was closed in the bottom with a circular disk in accordance with Fig. 4.
- the disk was made of stainless steel (SS 2333) with a thickness of 0.3 mm and an outer diameter of 13.3 mm.
- the bottom was pushed into the sleeve about 2 mm, whereupon the sleeve edge was melted down over the bottom.
- a circular disk according to Fig. 2 was used as a cover.
- This cover was provided with an air nipple, which was threaded into its valve hole, whereupon a 6 mm air tube was connected.
- the air tube was connected over a manometer to an air tube with an over-pressure of 200 kg/cm 2 .
- the air tube was connected over a manometer to an air tube with an over-pressure of 200 kg/cm 2 .
- the first test was made in 20 °C water, where the containers were held under pressure in 5 minutes. The result of this test was that no air bubble leaked out from any container. Further tests were made with an over-pressure of 5 kg/cm but in a water tem ⁇ perature of 60 °C and 80 °C, respectively.
- the containers were first submerged for 10 minutes in the water for ob ⁇ taining the same temperature, whereafter the containers were tested. No leakage from the sealings could be seen at these tests.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE1995/001064 WO1997011500A1 (en) | 1995-09-20 | 1995-09-20 | A container for a closed, cylindrical, rechargeable battery cell |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0871980A1 true EP0871980A1 (en) | 1998-10-21 |
Family
ID=20397673
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95936808A Withdrawn EP0871980A1 (en) | 1995-09-20 | 1995-09-20 | A container for a closed, cylindrical, rechargeable battery cell |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0871980A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH11512561A (en) |
AU (1) | AU3862495A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997011500A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE9704684L (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 1999-06-17 | Ni Me Hydrid Ab | Container for a battery cell |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1445913A (en) * | 1965-08-25 | 1966-07-15 | Kapsch Telephon Telegraph | galvanic primary element |
JP3438142B2 (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 2003-08-18 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Medium / large capacity sealed metal oxide / hydrogen storage battery |
-
1995
- 1995-09-20 WO PCT/SE1995/001064 patent/WO1997011500A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-09-20 EP EP95936808A patent/EP0871980A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-09-20 JP JP9512626A patent/JPH11512561A/en active Pending
- 1995-09-20 AU AU38624/95A patent/AU3862495A/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9711500A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1997011500A1 (en) | 1997-03-27 |
JPH11512561A (en) | 1999-10-26 |
AU3862495A (en) | 1997-04-09 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19980304 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT NL |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19981126 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
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GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19990710 |