EP0867971A2 - Magnetic field sensor for a keyless entry system, especially for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Magnetic field sensor for a keyless entry system, especially for a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0867971A2
EP0867971A2 EP98105303A EP98105303A EP0867971A2 EP 0867971 A2 EP0867971 A2 EP 0867971A2 EP 98105303 A EP98105303 A EP 98105303A EP 98105303 A EP98105303 A EP 98105303A EP 0867971 A2 EP0867971 A2 EP 0867971A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor loop
magnetic field
field sensor
sensor according
conductor
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98105303A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0867971B1 (en
EP0867971A3 (en
Inventor
Martin Schulz
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Publication of EP0867971A2 publication Critical patent/EP0867971A2/en
Publication of EP0867971A3 publication Critical patent/EP0867971A3/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
    • H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00182—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00182—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/0019—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks the keyless data carrier having only one limited data transmission rangs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00777—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by induction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic field sensor (antenna) for a keyless entry system especially in motor vehicles, with which the direction of incidence of a transmitter in the Near-field emitted electromagnetic radiation can be detected.
  • Keyless entry systems are known, for example, from DE 38 20 248 A1.
  • This system consists of a portable radio transmitter, a manually operated trigger switch arranged on the vehicle, a control device which is also connected to actuation devices and a further antenna arranged in or on the vehicle which consists of a first loop antenna with a magnetic field essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and a there is a second loop antenna with an essentially transverse magnetic field to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • the second loop antenna is to be arranged between an outer surface and an inner surface of the vehicle near the trigger switch.
  • the proposed magnetic field sensor consists of at least a first and at least one a second conductor loop.
  • the first conductor loop is elongated (e.g. rectangular or ellipsoid with an aspect ratio that is significantly larger than 1).
  • the second Conductor loop is arranged concentrically to the first and is also constructed symmetrically.
  • the second conductor loop has a substantially constant center Distance (e.g. circular or square).
  • the second conductor loop forms one Reference, so that from the ratio of the voltages induced in the conductor loops Direction can be determined.
  • the magnetic sensor is for evaluation with a Processing unit connected.
  • the conductor loops are preferably one printed circuit executed essentially flat.
  • the conductor loops are preferably dimensioned such that those in the second conductor loop induced voltage is approximately the same order of magnitude as the resulting voltage in the crossed loop.
  • the first conductor loop has one in particular middle section in which the conductor loop crosses.
  • This conductor loop with about 8-shaped contour leads to a phase difference so that the output voltage to zero becomes the same in the sections of the conductor loop adjacent to the intersection Voltage is induced. The crossing results in an addition with different Polarity performed.
  • the first conductor loop preferably has two essentially symmetrical sections larger area, which are also arranged symmetrically. So that is the accuracy the direction determination improved. So it doesn't depend so much on the shape of the individual Sections on (e.g. round, angular, ellipsoid) but on their symmetry to the crossing point.
  • a third conductor loop is provided, which in Form and function of the first conductor loop corresponds, but in their plane perpendicular to this is arranged.
  • a processing device Determination of all four spatial directions lying in the plane of the magnetic sensor enables.
  • This can also be arranged at the front and rear of the vehicle Locking devices can be included in the keyless entry system.
  • the magnetic field sensor according to the invention is preferred in a circuit of a Motor vehicle used, which has at least one processing and control device has, which also with actuators for actuating the door locks and / or other devices (e.g. ignition circuit).
  • the magnetic field sensor according to the invention is based on the attached schematic Illustrated.
  • the magnetic field sensor 2 In motor vehicle 1, in particular in the area of the dashboard, is perpendicular to Vehicle longitudinal axis of the magnetic field sensor 2 consisting of the first conductor loop 3 and the second Conductor loop 4 arranged. In a central area of the first conductor loop 3 there are Crossed traces.
  • paddle-shaped ones are also available Versions with or without crossed conductor tracks are possible with those between the Sections 31, 32 of a larger area have a narrower, elongated section of a smaller area in the middle is arranged. In the version without crossed conductor tracks, the difference of induced voltages are formed electronically.
  • the magnetic field sensor will preferably tuned to a wavelength that is a multiple of a practical distance to the portable transmitter.
  • the magnetic field sensor 2 is provided with a processing and control device 5 to the actuating devices 6 are connected to unlock and lock the locks.

Abstract

The magnetic field sensor includes at least a first and a second conductor loop, whereby the first conductor loop is formed oblong and the second conductor loop is arranged concentrically to the first, and is set up symmetrically to the center. The second conductor loop comprises preferably a constant distance to the center. The first conductor loop comprises preferably a central section, in which the conductor loop proceeds crosswise. The first conductor loop is preferably composed of two spatially adjacent sections which are connected with an evaluation unit which determines the phase difference between the induced voltages.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Magnetfeldsensor (Antenne) für ein schlüsselloses Zugangssytem insbesondere bei Kraftfahrzeugen, mit dem die Einfallsrichtung einer von einem Sender im Nahfeld ausgestrahlten elektromagnetischen Strahlung detektiert werden kann.The invention relates to a magnetic field sensor (antenna) for a keyless entry system especially in motor vehicles, with which the direction of incidence of a transmitter in the Near-field emitted electromagnetic radiation can be detected.

Schlüssellose Zugangssysteme sind z.B. aus DE 38 20 248 A1 bekannt. Dieses System besteht aus einem tragbaren Funksender, einem am Fahrzeug angeordneten manuell betätigbaren Triggerschalter, einer Steuereinrichtung die auch mit Betätigungseinrichtungen verbunden ist und einer weiteren im oder am Fahrzeug angeordneten Antenne die aus einer ersten Rahmenantenne mit im wesentlichen parallel zur Längsachse des Fahrzeuges ausgebildetem Magnetfeld und einer zweiten Rahmenantenne mit in, wesentlichen quer zur Längsachse des Fahrzeuges ausgebildetem Magnetfeld besteht. Die Zweite Rahmenantenne soll zwischen einer Außenfläche und einer Innenfäche des Fahrzeuges nahe des Triggerschalters angeordnet sein.
Eine Erkennung der Einfallsrichtung der von dem tragbaren Sender ausgestrahlten elektromagnetischen Strahlung ist weder vorgesehen noch erscheint sie mit dem beschriebenen Antennenaufbau mit der für die hier vorgesehene Anwendung gewünschten Genauigkeit möglich.Keyless entry systems are known, for example, from DE 38 20 248 A1. This system consists of a portable radio transmitter, a manually operated trigger switch arranged on the vehicle, a control device which is also connected to actuation devices and a further antenna arranged in or on the vehicle which consists of a first loop antenna with a magnetic field essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and a there is a second loop antenna with an essentially transverse magnetic field to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The second loop antenna is to be arranged between an outer surface and an inner surface of the vehicle near the trigger switch.
A detection of the direction of incidence of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the portable transmitter is neither provided nor does it appear possible with the antenna structure described with the accuracy desired for the application provided here.

Gestiegene Sicherheitsanforderungen lassen es wünschenswert erscheinen, am Fahrzeug ein schlüsselloses Zugangssystem zu installieren, welches in der Lage ist nur die dem tragbaren Sender nächstliegende Tür zu öffnen. Hierzu ist es notwendig im Fahrzeug eine Antenne zu installieren, die im Nahfeld die Position des tragbaren Senders relativ zum Fahrzeugmittelpunkt bzw. zu dessen Längsachse einer Messung zugänglich macht.Increased safety requirements make it appear desirable to enter the vehicle to install keyless entry system that is only capable of the portable Open the nearest door to the transmitter. For this it is necessary to have an antenna in the vehicle install the position of the portable transmitter relative to the near field Makes the vehicle center or its longitudinal axis accessible for measurement.

Der vorgeschlagene Magnetfeldsensor besteht aus wenigstens einer ersten und Wenigstens einer zweiten Leiterschleife. Die erste Leiterschleife ist länglich ausgebildet (z.B. rechteckig oder ellipsoid mit einem Seitenverhältnis welches wesentlich größer als 1 ist). Die zweite Leiterschleife ist konzentrisch zur ersten angeordnet und ist ebenfalls symmetrisch aufgebaut.The proposed magnetic field sensor consists of at least a first and at least one a second conductor loop. The first conductor loop is elongated (e.g. rectangular or ellipsoid with an aspect ratio that is significantly larger than 1). The second Conductor loop is arranged concentrically to the first and is also constructed symmetrically.

Insbesondere weist die zweite Leiterschleife einen zum Zentrum im wesentlichen konstanten Abstand auf (z.B. kreisförmig oder quadratisch). Die zweite Leiterschleife bildet eine Referenz, so daß aus dem Verhältnis der in den Leiterschleifen induzierten Spannungen die Richtung bestimmt werden kann. Der Magnetsensor ist zur Auswertung mit einer Verarbeitungseinheit verbunden. Die Leiterschleifen sind bevorzugt entsprechend einer gedruckten Schaltung im wesentlichen eben ausgeführt.In particular, the second conductor loop has a substantially constant center Distance (e.g. circular or square). The second conductor loop forms one Reference, so that from the ratio of the voltages induced in the conductor loops Direction can be determined. The magnetic sensor is for evaluation with a Processing unit connected. The conductor loops are preferably one printed circuit executed essentially flat.

Bevorzugt sind die Leiterschleifen so dimensioniert, daß die in der zweiten Leiterschleife induzierte Spannung annähernd die gleiche Größenordnung wie die resultierende Spannung in der gekreuzten Schleife hat.The conductor loops are preferably dimensioned such that those in the second conductor loop induced voltage is approximately the same order of magnitude as the resulting voltage in the crossed loop.

Nach einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführung weist die erste Leiterschleife einen insbesondere mittigen Abschnitt auf, in dem die Leiterschleife gekreuzt verläuft. Diese Leiterschleife mit etwa 8-förmiger Kontur führt zu einer Phasendifferenz so daß die Ausgangsspannung zu Null wird, wenn in den der Kreuzung benachbarten Abschnitten der Leiterschleife die gleiche Spannug induziert wird. Durch die Kreuzung wird eine Addition mit unterschiedlicher Polarität durchgeführt.According to a further preferred embodiment, the first conductor loop has one in particular middle section in which the conductor loop crosses. This conductor loop with about 8-shaped contour leads to a phase difference so that the output voltage to zero becomes the same in the sections of the conductor loop adjacent to the intersection Voltage is induced. The crossing results in an addition with different Polarity performed.

Bevorzugt weist die erste Leiterschleife zwei im wesentlichen symmetrische Abschnitte größerer Fläche auf, welche auch symmetrisch angeordnet sind. Damit wird die Genauigkeit der Richtungsbestimmung verbessert. Es kommt also nicht so sehr auf die Form der einzelne Abschnitte an (z.B. rund, eckig, ellipsoid) sondern auf deren Symmetrie zum Kreuzungspunkt.The first conductor loop preferably has two essentially symmetrical sections larger area, which are also arranged symmetrically. So that is the accuracy the direction determination improved. So it doesn't depend so much on the shape of the individual Sections on (e.g. round, angular, ellipsoid) but on their symmetry to the crossing point.

Nach einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführung ist eine dritte Leiterschleife vorgesehen, die in Form und Funktion der ersten Leiterschleife entspricht, jedoch in deren Ebene senkrecht zu dieser angeordnet ist. Hierdurch wird in Verbindung mit einer Verarbeitungseinrichtung die Bestimmung aller vier in der Ebene des Magnetsensors liegenden Raumrichtungen ermöglicht. Hierdurch können auch an Front und Heck des Fahrzeuges angeordnete Verriegelungseinrichtungen in das schlüssellose Zugangssystem einbezogen werden.According to a further preferred embodiment, a third conductor loop is provided, which in Form and function of the first conductor loop corresponds, but in their plane perpendicular to this is arranged. In this way, in conjunction with a processing device Determination of all four spatial directions lying in the plane of the magnetic sensor enables. This can also be arranged at the front and rear of the vehicle Locking devices can be included in the keyless entry system.

Bevorzugt wird der erfindungsgemäße Magnetfeldsensor in einem Schaltkreis eines Kraftfahrzeuges verwendet, welcher wenigstens eine Verarbeitungs- und Steuereinrichtung aufweist, die außerdem noch mit Stelleinrichtungen zur Betätigung der Türverriegelungen und/oder weiteren Einrichtungen (z.B. Zündkreis) verbunden ist. The magnetic field sensor according to the invention is preferred in a circuit of a Motor vehicle used, which has at least one processing and control device has, which also with actuators for actuating the door locks and / or other devices (e.g. ignition circuit).

Der erfindungsgemäße Magnetfeldsensor wird anhand der beigefügten schematischen Abbildung veranschaulicht.The magnetic field sensor according to the invention is based on the attached schematic Illustrated.

Im Kraftfahrzeug 1 ist, insbesondere im Bereich des Armaturenbretts, senkrecht zur Fahrzeuglängsachse der Magnetfeldsensor 2 bestehend aus erster Leiterschleife 3 und zweiter Leiterschleife 4 angeordnet. In einem mittleren Bereich der ersten Leiterschleife 3 sind deren Leiterbahnen gekreuzt. Alternativ zu der 8-förmigen Ausführung sind auch paddelförmige Ausführungen mit oder ohne gekreuzten Leiterbahnen möglich bei denen zwischen den Abschnitten 31,32 größerer Fläche ein schmalerer länglicher Abschnitt kleinerer Fläche mittig angeordnet ist. Bei der Ausführung ohne gekreuzte Leiterbahnen wird die Differenz der induzierten Spannungen auf elektronischem Weg gebildet. Der Magnetfeldsensor wird bevorzugt auf eine Wellenlänge abgestimmt die ein mehrfaches eines praktikablen Abstandes zum tragbaren Sender beträgt. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß innerhalb diese Abstandes die Antenne im Nahfeld des tragbaren Senders liegt wodurch die Intensität mit der 3. Potenz abfällt und die Differenz der induzierten Spannungen zunimmt. Der Magnetfeldsensor 2 ist mit einer Verarbeitungs- und Steuereinrichtung 5 versehen, an die Betätigungseinrichtungen 6 zum Entriegeln und Verriegeln der Schlösser angeschlossen sind.In motor vehicle 1, in particular in the area of the dashboard, is perpendicular to Vehicle longitudinal axis of the magnetic field sensor 2 consisting of the first conductor loop 3 and the second Conductor loop 4 arranged. In a central area of the first conductor loop 3 there are Crossed traces. As an alternative to the 8-shaped version, paddle-shaped ones are also available Versions with or without crossed conductor tracks are possible with those between the Sections 31, 32 of a larger area have a narrower, elongated section of a smaller area in the middle is arranged. In the version without crossed conductor tracks, the difference of induced voltages are formed electronically. The magnetic field sensor will preferably tuned to a wavelength that is a multiple of a practical distance to the portable transmitter. This ensures that within this distance Antenna is in the near field of the portable transmitter, which means that the intensity is with the 3rd power drops and the difference in induced voltages increases. The magnetic field sensor 2 is provided with a processing and control device 5 to the actuating devices 6 are connected to unlock and lock the locks.

Claims (8)

Magnetfeldsensor mit wenigstens einer ersten und wenigstens einer zweiten Leiterschleife wobei die erste Leiterschleife länglich ausgebildet ist und die zweite Leiterschleife im wesentlichen konzentrisch zur ersten angeordnet ist und zum Zentrum im wesentlichen symmetrisch aufgebaut ist.Magnetic field sensor with at least one first and at least one second conductor loop wherein the first conductor loop is elongated and the second conductor loop in is arranged essentially concentrically to the first and essentially to the center is symmetrical. Magnetfeldsensor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Leiterschleife einen zum Zentrum im wesentlichen konstanten Abstand aufweist.Magnetic field sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the second conductor loop has a substantially constant distance from the center. Magnetfeldsensor nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Leiterschleife einen insbesondere mittigen Abschnitt aufweist, in dem die Leiterschleife gekreuzt verläuft.Magnetic field sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first Conductor loop has a particularly central section in which the conductor loop crossed runs. Magnetfeldsensor nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Leiterschleife aus zwei räumlich nicht benachbarten Abschnitten besteht, die mit einer Auswerteeinheit verbunden sind, welche die Phasendifferenz zwischen den induzierten Spannungen ermittelt.Magnetic field sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first Conductor loop consists of two spatially non-adjacent sections, with one Evaluation unit are connected, which is the phase difference between the induced Tensions determined. Magnetfeldsensor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Leiterschleife zwei im wesentlichen symmetrische Abschnitte größerer Fläche aufweist, welche auch symmetrisch angeordnet sind.Magnetic field sensor according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first Conductor loop has two essentially symmetrical sections of larger area, which are also arranged symmetrically. Magnetfeldsensor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fläche der zweiten Leiterschleife so gewählt ist das die induzierte Spannung etwa die gleiche Größenordnung aufweist wie die resultierende Spannung in der ersten Leiterschleife.Magnetic field sensor according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the The area of the second conductor loop is chosen so that the induced voltage is approximately the same Of the same order as the resulting voltage in the first conductor loop. Magnetfeldsensor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine weitere Leiterschleife vorgesehen, die in Form und Funktion der ersten Leiterschleife entspricht, jedoch in deren Ebene senkrecht zu dieser angeordnet ist.Magnetic field sensor according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a additional conductor loop provided in the form and function of the first conductor loop corresponds, but is arranged in the plane perpendicular to this. Verwendung eines Magnetfeldsensors nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 in einem Schaltkreis eines Kraftfahrzeuges, welcher wenigstens eine Verarbeitungs- und Steuereinrichtung aufweist, die mit einer oder mehreren Stelleinrichtungen, insbesondere zur Betätigung von Verriegelungen, verbunden ist.Use of a magnetic field sensor according to one of claims 1 to 7 in one Circuit of a motor vehicle, which has at least one processing and Has control device which with one or more adjusting devices, in particular for Actuation of interlocks.
EP98105303A 1997-03-27 1998-03-24 Keyless entry system for a motor vehicle with a magnetic field sensor Expired - Lifetime EP0867971B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712911A DE19712911C2 (en) 1997-03-27 1997-03-27 Magnetic field sensor for keyless entry system, particularly in motor vehicles, and use of the magnetic field sensor in a circuit of a motor vehicle
DE19712911 1997-03-27

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EP0867971A2 true EP0867971A2 (en) 1998-09-30
EP0867971A3 EP0867971A3 (en) 1998-10-07
EP0867971B1 EP0867971B1 (en) 2004-06-02

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US (1) US5940003A (en)
EP (1) EP0867971B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH1123682A (en)
DE (2) DE19712911C2 (en)

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FR2786030A1 (en) * 1998-11-16 2000-05-19 Valeo Securite Habitacle Hands free car access lock has integral car loop antenna creating surrounding space detection area and badge creates detection above threshold activating access
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US10640085B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2020-05-05 Bayerische Motoren Wekre Aktiengesellschaft Authorizing the use of a motor vehicle
WO2017102105A1 (en) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Authorizing the use of a motor vehicle
WO2017102104A1 (en) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Authorizing the use of a motor vehicle
WO2017102106A1 (en) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Authorizing the use of a motor vehicle
US10836351B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2020-11-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Authorizing the use of a motor vehicle
US10703334B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2020-07-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Authorizing the use of a motor vehicle
WO2017162315A1 (en) * 2016-03-22 2017-09-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Authorizing the use of a motor vehicle
US10543810B2 (en) 2016-03-22 2020-01-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Authorizing the use of a motor vehicle
US10614643B2 (en) 2016-03-22 2020-04-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Authorizing the use of a motor vehicle
US10611340B2 (en) 2016-03-22 2020-04-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Authorizing the use of a motor vehicle
US10538219B2 (en) 2016-03-22 2020-01-21 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Authorizing the use of a motor vehicle
WO2017162317A1 (en) * 2016-03-22 2017-09-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Authorizing the use of a motor vehicle
WO2017162318A1 (en) * 2016-03-22 2017-09-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Authorising the use of a motor vehicle

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US5940003A (en) 1999-08-17
DE59811489D1 (en) 2004-07-08
EP0867971B1 (en) 2004-06-02
JPH1123682A (en) 1999-01-29
DE19712911C2 (en) 2001-09-13
EP0867971A3 (en) 1998-10-07

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