EP0863262A1 - Zweirichtungsrammsystem eines Ankers und Verfahren zur Anwendung desselben - Google Patents

Zweirichtungsrammsystem eines Ankers und Verfahren zur Anwendung desselben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0863262A1
EP0863262A1 EP97103825A EP97103825A EP0863262A1 EP 0863262 A1 EP0863262 A1 EP 0863262A1 EP 97103825 A EP97103825 A EP 97103825A EP 97103825 A EP97103825 A EP 97103825A EP 0863262 A1 EP0863262 A1 EP 0863262A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchor
drive
gad
anchor rod
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97103825A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas E. Jewett
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Foresight Products LLC
Original Assignee
Foresight Products LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Foresight Products LLC filed Critical Foresight Products LLC
Priority to EP97103825A priority Critical patent/EP0863262A1/de
Publication of EP0863262A1 publication Critical patent/EP0863262A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E02D5/803—Ground anchors with pivotable anchoring members

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to ground anchors. More specifically, the present invention relates to systems for driving ground anchors through the ground with a drive rod or drive gad.
  • a ground anchor is a device which is driven down into soil for securing an anchor rod or cable thereto.
  • the anchor rod or cable has a portion which extends above the surface of the ground which can then be used for anchoring an object.
  • a ground anchor has a socket which has been traditionally configured to loosely receive a drive gad which aligns the anchor in a driving position, so that a cutting edge of the anchor leads a direction of anchor travel.
  • the drive gad transmits impacting blows to the anchor, pounding it through the soil with an incremental downward movement.
  • the anchor rod or cable
  • the anchor rod is pivotally attached to the anchor.
  • the anchor rod is pulled through the ground with the anchor via the pivotal connection as the anchor is pounded into the ground. Therefore, the pivotal connection absorbs the momentum of the anchor rod after each impact.
  • Prior art driving systems utilize an impact device, such as a jackhammer, to pound the anchor through the ground with a unidirectional force.
  • an impact device such as a jackhammer
  • U.S. Patent Nos. 4,802,317, 5,029,427, and 5,031,370 are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,802,317, 5,029,427, and 5,031,370.
  • impact driving systems result in undesirable effects.
  • an impact driving system generates repeated unidirectional blows through a drive gad, resulting in damage and high wear to the anchor and to the drive gad.
  • high wear occurs at the pivotal connection of the anchor rod to the anchor, due to repeated absorbing of anchor rod momentum after impact.
  • An anchor rod can weigh as much as twenty or thirty pounds, thus having significant momentum to be absorbed by a typical pin-type pivotal connection.
  • high wear occurs at the point of impact between the drive gad and the socket of the anchor.
  • a further problem is that impacting generates a great amount of heat and vibration within the drive gad.
  • Heat makes a drive gad difficult to handle when disconnecting it from the actuator, when removing the drive gad from the ground or when attaching a new section thereto.
  • the drive gad can become so hot that it can burn a worker's hand.
  • high grade materials have traditionally been necessary for drive gads due to the effects of unidirectional impact driving.
  • the materials used to make a traditional drive gad must be very stiff to prevent bending and deflection of the drive gad. If an anchor path is not straight through the ground during impact driving, the drive gad turns in a bowed path. Impact energy is largely wasted from energy transmission into the ground along a bowed drive gad. This slows the driving process and can result in failure of the drive gad.
  • the present invention provides a driving system which reciprocates an anchor and anchor rod together through the ground, resulting in greatly improved performance over impact driving systems.
  • an apparatus is provided for driving an anchor into the ground.
  • the apparatus includes a drive gad and means for securing the anchor relative to the drive gad.
  • a bi-directional actuator is operable with the drive gad to reciprocate the anchor.
  • the means for securing includes a threaded engagement between a drive tip of the drive gad and a socket of the anchor.
  • the means for securing includes a drive tip of the drive gad having a radially expandable member.
  • a recess in the socket of the anchor is configured to receive the radially expandable member.
  • the anchor has an anchor rod. A first end of which is pivotally secured to the anchor.
  • the means for securing includes a drive tip which is insertable in a socket of the anchor.
  • Means are provided for connecting a second end of the anchor rod to the drive gad proximal to a connection of the gad to the actuator.
  • the means for connecting includes a tube welded to the drive gad.
  • a threaded section on the anchor rod is disposed through the tube.
  • At least one nut is threaded onto the threaded section to secure the anchor rod to the tube.
  • the anchor has an anchor rod, a first end of which is pivotally secured to the anchor.
  • the means for securing includes a drive tip which is insertable in a socket of the anchor and a releasable connector to operably connect a second end of the anchor rod to the actuator.
  • the actuator is adjustable to cause reciprocation of the anchor at a selected frequency.
  • an apparatus for driving an anchor and associated anchor rod through the ground.
  • a first end of the anchor rod is pivotally secured to the anchor.
  • the apparatus includes an elongated drive gad which has a driving tip receivable in a socket of the anchor.
  • An actuator is effective to move the driving rod with a pushing and pulling reciprocating motion along a longitudinal direction of the drive gad.
  • a connector is effective to secure a second end of the anchor rod to move with the actuator.
  • the means for actuating the anchor rod comprises a connector which secures a second end of the anchor rod to the actuator.
  • the present invention also provides a method of driving an anchor through the ground.
  • the method includes actuating the anchor to vibrate with a reciprocating force. Pressure is then applied to move the vibrating anchor through the ground.
  • the method includes securing the anchor relative to a drive gad which is operably driven by an actuator.
  • the method includes screwing a threaded drive tip of the drive gad into a threaded socket in the anchor.
  • the method includes expanding a radially expandable drive tip to engage a cooperatively shaped recess in a socket of the anchor.
  • the method includes securing an end of the anchor rod to the drive gad.
  • the method includes securing an end of the anchor rod to the actuator.
  • an advantage of the present invention is to provide an anchor driving system and method which has greatly improved performance over the prior art.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a system and method which drives an anchor into the ground very quickly.
  • a further advantage of the present invention is to provide a system and method which uses and wastes less energy that prior art systems and methods.
  • An additional advantage of the present invention is to provide a system and method of driving a ground anchor which is quiet.
  • Yet another advantage of the present invention is to provide a system and method of driving a ground anchor which does not require use of expensive high-grade materials.
  • a still further advantage of the present invention is to provide a system and method of driving a ground anchor which does not generate excessive amounts of heat in the components.
  • an advantage of the present invention is to provide a system and method of driving a ground anchor which allows welded joints to be used in a drive gad.
  • an advantage of the present invention is to provide a system and method of driving a ground anchor which effectively operates when the drive gad is bending, allowing an anchor to be driven on a curved path.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an anchor driving system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an elevated side view of an anchor driving system according to the present invention having portions broken away.
  • FIG. 3 is an elevated side view of another embodiment of the anchor driving system of the present invention having portions broken away.
  • FIG. 4 is an elevated side view of a further embodiment of an anchor driving system according to the present invention having portions broken away.
  • FIG. 5 is an elevated side view of yet another embodiment of an anchor driving system according to the present invention having portions broken away.
  • the present invention provides a system and method of driving an anchor and associated anchor rod into the ground with a reciprocating, bi-directional force.
  • a system 1 is provided for driving a ground anchor 10 into the ground 12.
  • the ground anchor 10 is of the type disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,802,317.
  • the system 1 can be used with other types of ground anchors as well.
  • the system 1 includes an elongated drive gad 14 which is operably connected to be driven by an actuator 16.
  • a drive tip 18 (see FIG. 2) of the drive gad 14 is receivable in a socket 20 of the anchor 10.
  • An anchor rod 22 is secured to the anchor 10 by a pivotable member 24.
  • the anchor rod 22 is disposed generally parallel to the drive gad 14.
  • the pivotal member 24 is generally U-shaped and connected to the anchor 10 by a pin 25.
  • the anchor rod 22 is threaded into a hole 27 in the pivotal member 24.
  • the actuator 16 is effective to cause a bi-directional, reciprocating motion of the ground anchor 10, in a generally longitudinal direction along the drive gad 14. In other words, the actuator 16 produces an alternating pushing and pulling force on the anchor 10, causing it to vibrate. Because the anchor rod 22 and the anchor 10 are joined together, both the drive gad 14 and the anchor rod 22 reciprocate in phase. Therefore, a proximal end of the anchor rod 22 opposite the anchor, is also driven by the actuator 16.
  • FIG. 2 the embodiment of FIG. 1 is illustrated in which a generally smooth drive tip 18 is complimentary received within the socket 20 of the ground anchor 10 in a manner to transmit downward driving force to the anchor 10.
  • a connector 26 for securing an end of the gad 14 opposite the anchor relative to the drive gad 14.
  • the connector 26 includes a short tube 30 which is welded to the drive gad 14.
  • a threaded section 32 of the anchor rod 22 extends through the tube 30.
  • a nut 34 and a washer 36 are positioned on the threaded section 32 at each end of the tube 30 to secure the anchor rod 22 thereto. When the nuts 34 are tightened, the anchor 10 is held fixed relative to the drive gad 14.
  • the actuator 16 causes the drive gad to reciprocate in a generally longitudinal motion as indicated by the arrows 38.
  • the connector 26 transmits the same motion along the anchor rod 22.
  • a pushing force is transmitted to the anchor 10 through both the drive gad 14 and the anchor rod 22.
  • a pull-back force is carried by the anchor rod 22, as transmitted through the pivotal member 24. If it is desired to drive downwardly primarily through the gad 14, the lower nut on section 32 may be spaced from the bottom of tube 30.
  • a drive tip 118 of a drive gad 114 is securable within a socket 120 to transmit both a pushing and pull-back force to the ground anchor.
  • Radially expandable members 40 of the drive tip 118 are configured to be complementarily received within a recess 42 of the socket 120.
  • the radially expandable members 40 are biased normally inward, so that the expandable members 40 do not engage the recesses 42.
  • a locking rod 44 is coaxially disposed within an interior 46 of the drive gad 114.
  • a tapered collet 48 is provided at an end of the locking rod 44.
  • the locking rod 44 can be pulled upward within the drive gad 114, so that the tapered collet 48 forces the expandable members radially outward to engage the recesses 42.
  • a hydraulic locking cylinder 50 can be provided on the actuator 16 to move the locking rod 44.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the anchor driving system.
  • a drive tip 218 of a drive gad 214 is securable within a socket 220 of the anchor 10.
  • a rotatable locking rod 52 is coaxially disposed within the interior 46 of the drive gad 214.
  • a threaded locking member 54 is complimentarily received into a threaded socket 220.
  • the threads are preferably a rope-type or Diwydag-type thread as is known in the ground anchor industry.
  • the threaded locking member 54 tightens to pull an annular, stepped portion 56 in the wall of the socket 20 to squarely engage the drive gad 214, securing the anchor 10 relative to the drive gad 214.
  • both the drive gad 214 and the anchor rod 22 vibrate in phase and transmits both pushing and pull-back forces to the anchor 10, causing it to reciprocate as indicated by the arrows 38.
  • the anchor rod 22 is secured to the actuator 16 independently of the connection of the drive gad 14 to the actuator 16. This embodiment results also in imparting a reciprocating motion to the anchor rod 22.
  • the drive tip 14 and socket 20 are similar to that described above in FIG. 1.
  • a locking configuration such as that shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, could also be used.
  • the connector is a quick-release type connector 326 to speed the anchor-driving process.
  • the connector 326 provides only a pull-back force through the anchor rod 22. Therefore, in this embodiment, the anchor 10 is subjected to a pushing force transmitted by the drive gad 14 and opposite and alternating pulling force transmitted by the anchor rod, causing the anchor 10 to vibrate.
  • FIGS. 1-5 result in a stable in-phase vibrational input to the anchor rod 22 simultaneously with actuation of the anchor 10. Therefore, the actuator positively reverses the momentum of the anchor rod 22 via the connector 26, 326 so that the pivotal member 24 is not subjected to high wear. Also, wear is low in the socket 20, 120, 220 because the anchor 10 is held securely to the drive gad 14, 114, 214.
  • the actuator 16 causes a bi-directional reciprocating vibration of the anchor 10.
  • the anchor 10 is directed generally downward into the ground 12 into a desired direction.
  • a pressure is applied to the actuator 16, pushing the vibrating anchor 10 through the ground 12 in the desired direction.
  • the vibrational motion of the anchor 10 results in a liquefaction of the ground 12, resulting in a very fast motion of the anchor through the ground 12. It has been found that a system 1 according to the present invention can drive an anchor through the ground many times faster than with impact driving.
  • the actuator 16 can be any device effective to create a bi-directional vibratory force through drive gad 14.
  • the actuator has a hydraulic motor which drives counter rotating eccentric weights.
  • the frequency of reciprocating motion can be 1200 cycles per minute.
  • the actuator 16 can preferably be adjusted to operate at faster and slower frequencies as well. Thus an operator can select an optimal frequency which can depend on particular ground conditions.
  • a drive system 1 subjects the drive gad 14, 114, 214 to lower stresses compared to an impact-driving type of system.
  • welded joints 58 can be used to join sections of the drive gad 14, 114, 214 together or to the drive tip 18, 118, 218.
  • operating temperatures of the drive gad 18, 118, 218 and other components of the system 1 remain relatively low.
  • the bi-directional reciprocation provides a much more efficient transfer of energy to the anchor compared to impact driving.
  • a drive gad driven by the present system can force an anchor smoothly through the ground even when the drive gad is deflected or bowed. This allows an anchor to be driven on a curved path, if desired, without breaking the drive gad. Therefore, expensive high-grade materials are not necessary to maintain a rigid, straight disposition of the drive gad 14, 114. 214 as required with impact driving systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP97103825A 1997-03-06 1997-03-06 Zweirichtungsrammsystem eines Ankers und Verfahren zur Anwendung desselben Withdrawn EP0863262A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97103825A EP0863262A1 (de) 1997-03-06 1997-03-06 Zweirichtungsrammsystem eines Ankers und Verfahren zur Anwendung desselben

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97103825A EP0863262A1 (de) 1997-03-06 1997-03-06 Zweirichtungsrammsystem eines Ankers und Verfahren zur Anwendung desselben

Publications (1)

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EP0863262A1 true EP0863262A1 (de) 1998-09-09

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2094914A2 (de) * 2006-12-19 2009-09-02 Foresight Products, LLC Verbesserte erdverankerung
NL2002773C2 (nl) * 2009-04-21 2010-10-22 Kloosterman Waterbouw Ankerdrijver en werkwijze voor het gebruik daarvan.
NL2007849C2 (en) * 2011-11-24 2013-05-27 J F Karsten Beheer B V Ground anchor.
NL2009100C2 (en) * 2012-07-02 2014-01-06 J F Karsten Beheer B V Ground anchor assembly.
EP3768587A4 (de) * 2018-03-23 2022-04-27 Cashman Dredging and Marine Contracting, Co., LLC Ankerantriebsvorrichtung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3850128A (en) * 1973-07-16 1974-11-26 Ocean Science & Eng Vibratory anchor
JPH0871955A (ja) * 1994-09-09 1996-03-19 Shoji Iida 金網止め用動力装置

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3850128A (en) * 1973-07-16 1974-11-26 Ocean Science & Eng Vibratory anchor
JPH0871955A (ja) * 1994-09-09 1996-03-19 Shoji Iida 金網止め用動力装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 96, no. 007 31 July 1996 (1996-07-31) *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2094914A2 (de) * 2006-12-19 2009-09-02 Foresight Products, LLC Verbesserte erdverankerung
EP2094914A4 (de) * 2006-12-19 2009-12-30 Foresight Products Llc Verbesserte erdverankerung
NL2002773C2 (nl) * 2009-04-21 2010-10-22 Kloosterman Waterbouw Ankerdrijver en werkwijze voor het gebruik daarvan.
NL2007849C2 (en) * 2011-11-24 2013-05-27 J F Karsten Beheer B V Ground anchor.
EP2597203A1 (de) * 2011-11-24 2013-05-29 J.F. Karsten Beheer B.V. Grundanker
NL2009100C2 (en) * 2012-07-02 2014-01-06 J F Karsten Beheer B V Ground anchor assembly.
WO2014007618A2 (en) 2012-07-02 2014-01-09 J.F. Karsten Beheer B.V. Ground anchor assembly
WO2014007618A3 (en) * 2012-07-02 2014-07-31 J.F. Karsten Beheer B.V. Ground anchor assembly
EP3768587A4 (de) * 2018-03-23 2022-04-27 Cashman Dredging and Marine Contracting, Co., LLC Ankerantriebsvorrichtung

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