EP0860891B1 - Microwave component - Google Patents

Microwave component Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0860891B1
EP0860891B1 EP98200462A EP98200462A EP0860891B1 EP 0860891 B1 EP0860891 B1 EP 0860891B1 EP 98200462 A EP98200462 A EP 98200462A EP 98200462 A EP98200462 A EP 98200462A EP 0860891 B1 EP0860891 B1 EP 0860891B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
housing
magnetic field
field strength
microwave
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EP98200462A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0860891A1 (en
Inventor
Ralf Wendel
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Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
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Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/32Non-reciprocal transmission devices
    • H01P1/38Circulators
    • H01P1/383Junction circulators, e.g. Y-circulators
    • H01P1/387Strip line circulators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a microwave device with a microwave conductor arrangement for guiding electromagnetic waves and a gyromagnetic Material that is in operative connection with the electromagnetic waves arranged and thereby subjected to a magnetic field of a predetermined field strength is that the gyromagnetic material, at least one magnet for manufacturing of the magnetic field and a magnetic tuning element with For the adjustment of the magnetic field strength changeable magnetic conductivity are arranged in a magnetic circuit, with a the microwave conductor arrangement, at least the gyromagnetic material and the magnet partially enclosing housing, at least partially made of magnetic conductive material is formed and arranged in the magnetic circuit.
  • the magnetic tuning element for the purpose of adjusting the magnetic field strength includes geometrically changeable component.
  • the invention relates on such a component, wherein the magnetic tuning element a between two components of the magnetic circuit, at least one of which Part of the housing is formed, arranged air gap of variable width includes.
  • a microwave conductor arrangement for guiding electromagnetic Waves and a gyromagnetic material that is in active connection with the electromagnetic waves are provided, in particular non-reciprocal microwave multi-gate components such as circulators or isolators educated. Due to their physical mode of action, it is necessary that these components are gyromagnetic materials, especially ferrite materials, contain a magnetic field of defined field strength.
  • the microwave component can be used to produce this magnetic field be introduced a permanent magnet such that its magnetic field is the gyromagnetic Material flows through.
  • the magnetic field strength is usually set to be able to set a precisely defined value. Adjusting the magnetic Field strength can be achieved by the magnet being fully saturated is magnetized. Then it is gradually demagnetized until the desired one The value of the magnetic field strength is reached in the case of the microwave component an optimal function of the desired type can be measured.
  • From US-A-3,085,212 is a non-reciprocal line connection for electromagnetic Shafts known which have an outer housing made of non-magnetic Includes material with a central opening. There are three shafts around the housing conductor for guiding electromagnetic waves of the TEM wave type. These three waveguides have inner and outer conductors, the inner ones Project the conductor radially through the housing. There is a thin slice of conductive material attached at right angles to its central axis within said opening. This disc is conductive with the center of the inner conductor of the waveguide connected.
  • First and second pillars with magnetically polarizable material gyromagnetic properties in the range of the frequencies of the waves, which are spread through the mentioned connection of the waveguides are centered within said opening is arranged on both sides of said disk of conductive material.
  • a plurality of holes extend through the housing parallel to the central axis the opening and distributed around it.
  • a majority of Permanent magnets, each located in one of the holes, have an orientation their polarization in the same direction parallel to the central axis of the Opening up.
  • a first and a second end plate made of magnetic material extend themselves over the assigned ends of the opening mentioned and over the associated ends of said permanent magnets. In this way, a magnetic circuit of low reluctance formed by a number of the same name Poles of the permanent magnets in the middle through one of the mentioned magnetic Face plates, axially through the two columns of gyromagnetic material mentioned and radially through said second magnetic faceplate to the other Number (opposite) poles of said permanent magnets extends.
  • the inner surfaces of the end plates are electrically conductive for training of electrical ground surfaces on opposite sides of the thin, conductive disc to the spread of the TEM waves through the said Support connection of the waveguide.
  • At least a portion of one of the end plates is axially movable to the Reluctance of the magnetic circuit and the axial distance between at least a part of a ground surface formed by said movable end plate and to change the thin, conductive disc.
  • a first and a second sleeve made of low-loss, dielectric material is in the Area of said waveguide connection each one of the gyromagnetic Arranged surrounding columns. At least one of the dielectric points Have an axial dimension that is less than the distance between said thin, conductive disc and a ground plane, and is also connected to the above-mentioned movable stimulating plate in order to achieve an adjustable Positioning the said dielectric sleeve in the area of said Allow waveguide connection, creating a tunable device is created for said waveguide connection.
  • the invention has for its object a microwave component of the aforementioned Kind in such a way that the balance of the magnetic field strength is simplified.
  • this object is achieved by a microwave component with the features of claim 1.
  • the object is further achieved by a Microwave component with the features of the independent claim 2.
  • the magnet to produce the magnetic field can then be inserted unchanged and are operated as he supplied for the manufacture of the microwave component becomes.
  • the magnet is preferably magnetized up to its saturation.
  • the magnetic Tuning element comprises a for the purpose of balancing the magnetic field strength geometrically changeable component. The adjustment can then be carried out by mechanical Action on the magnetic tuning element can be made, whereby ensures that the characteristics of, for example, the magnet used or the gyromagnetic material.
  • the magnetic tuning element includes an air gap that can be changed Width.
  • This variable air gap is between two components of the magnetic circuit arranged, their geometric Position adjustable to each other and at least one of them Part of the housing is formed.
  • the air gap can be changed in width between two housing components can be arranged.
  • a mechanically deformable tab is formed.
  • the mechanically deformable tab is made of one Molded part of the housing in the magnetic circuit, for example through a die cut.
  • the geometrically changeable component due to its wall thickness deformable region of the housing arranged in the magnetic circuit.
  • the relationship between the wall thickness and the magnetic Conductivity used for the adjustment is the geometrically changeable component due to its wall thickness deformable region of the housing arranged in the magnetic circuit.
  • the microwave conductor arrangement 1, 2, 4 forms with the ferrite disks 5, 6 a non-reciprocal microwave multi-port device, for example a circulator or an isolator, and is one known per se Form built up.
  • a permanent magnet 7 is arranged flat on the outer conductor 4.
  • the permanent magnet 7 is included in a magnetic circuit, which besides that Permanent magnets 7 and the ferrite disks 5, 6, the housing 3 including its bottom region 2 and a cover 8 with which the housing 3 on its side opposite the floor area 2 is closed.
  • Housing 3 and cover 8 are made of magnetically conductive material, preferably made of steel.
  • a magnetic tuning element is in a Tapped hole of the cover 8 is also a magnetically conductive screw 9 used.
  • an air gap 12 whose width, i.e. Distance between the end face 10 and the surface 11 can be changed by adjusting the screw 9.
  • the permanent magnet is magnetized to its saturation.
  • the magnetic field strength in the Ferrite disks 5, 6 are adjusted by adjusting the screw 9. This is in a simple way in the fully assembled state of the microwave component Alignment of the magnetic field strength possible without the magnetic To change the properties of the permanent magnet itself. Be there Relatively large values for the width of the air gap are recommended usually the use of a permanent magnet with large magnetic Field strength.
  • Such permanent magnets are preferably made of hard ferrite and the alloys with the designated NeFeB and SmCo.
  • Such a mechanical adjustment can also be carried out instead of with a screw 9 an easier to manufacture, magnetically conductive pin that can be reached the place of the screw 9 in the arrangement of FIG. 1 occurs. It could also be Air gap 12 by repeated gluing of magnetically conductive discs under the cover 8 instead of the screw 9 or on the surface 11 of the Set permanent magnet 7 to the required width.
  • the invention is also for Microwave conductor arrangements of other designs in the same advantageous manner can be used, for example for waveguide circulators and the like. In any case will be a simple, inexpensive and exact way of comparing the get magnetic field strength.
  • a predetermined area 16 of the wall of the housing 3 for Change in its wall thickness mechanically deformed is by dashed lines Lines and arrows indicated.
  • the area 16 thus forms the magnetic Tuning element, whose magnetic conductivity varies with the wall thickness and thus used to balance the magnetic field strength.
  • the adjustment remains magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet 7 as such is unaffected.
  • the formation of the magnetic tuning element according to that in FIGS. 2 and 3 represent a particularly low-cost option represents that requires no additional components and no or only a very small number additional manufacturing effort required, but due to the savings the simplification of the comparison procedure is of no importance.

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  • Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einMikrowellen-Bauelement mit einer Mikrowellen-Leiteranordnung zum Leiten elektromagnetischer Wellen und einem gyromagnetischen Werkstoff, der in Wirkverbindung mit den elektromagnetischen Wellen angeordnet und mit einem Magnetfeld vorgebbarer Feldstärke dadurch beaufschlagt wird, daß der gyromagnetische Werkstoff, wenigstens ein Magnet zur Herstellung des magnetischen Feldes und ein magnetisches Abstimmelement mit zwecks Abgleich der magnetischen Feldstärke veränderbarer magnetischer Leitfähigkeit in einem magnetischen Kreis angeordnet sind, mit einem die Mikrowellen-Leiteranordnung, den gyromagnetischen Werkstoff und den Magneten wenigstens teilweise umschließenden Gehäuse, das wenigstens bereichsweise aus magnetisch leitendem Werkstoff ausgebildet und in dem magnetischen Kreis angeordnet ist. und das mit wenigstens einem seiner im magnetischen Kreis angeordneten Bereiche wenigstens einen Teil des magnetischen Abstimmelements bildet, worin das magnetische Abstimmelement ein zwecks Abgleich der magnetischen Feldstärke geometrisch veränderbares Bauteil umfaßt. Insbesondere bezieht sich die Erfindung auf ein solches Bauteil, worin das magnetische Abstimmelement einen zwischen zwei Bauteilen des magnetischen Kreises, von denen wenigstens eines von einem Teil des Gehäuses gebildet ist, angeordneten Luftspalt veränderbarer Breite umfaßt. The invention relates to a microwave device with a microwave conductor arrangement for guiding electromagnetic waves and a gyromagnetic Material that is in operative connection with the electromagnetic waves arranged and thereby subjected to a magnetic field of a predetermined field strength is that the gyromagnetic material, at least one magnet for manufacturing of the magnetic field and a magnetic tuning element with For the adjustment of the magnetic field strength changeable magnetic conductivity are arranged in a magnetic circuit, with a the microwave conductor arrangement, at least the gyromagnetic material and the magnet partially enclosing housing, at least partially made of magnetic conductive material is formed and arranged in the magnetic circuit. and that with at least one of its areas arranged in the magnetic circuit forms at least part of the magnetic tuning element, wherein the magnetic tuning element for the purpose of adjusting the magnetic field strength includes geometrically changeable component. In particular, the invention relates on such a component, wherein the magnetic tuning element a between two components of the magnetic circuit, at least one of which Part of the housing is formed, arranged air gap of variable width includes.

In der Weise, daß eine Mikrowellen-Leiteranordnung zum Leiten elektromagnetischer Wellen und ein gyromagnetischer Werkstoff, der in Wirkverbindung mit den elektromagnetischen Wellen angeordnet ist, vorgesehen sind, sind insbesondere nichtreziproke Mikrowellen-Mehrtorbauelemente wie Zirkulatoren oder Isolatoren ausgebildet. Aufgrund ihrer physikalischen Wirkungsweise ist es notwendig, daß diese Bauelemente gyromagnetische Werkstoffe, insbesondere Ferritmaterialien, enthalten, die mit einem Magnetfeld definierter Feldstärke beaufschlagt werden. Zur Herstellung dieses Magnetfeldes kann in dem Mikrowellen-Bauelement ein Permanentmagnet derart eingebracht sein, daß sein magnetisches Feld den gyromagnetischen Werkstoff durchströmt. Um eine optimale Funktion des Mikrowellen-Bauelements einzustellen, wird die magnetische Feldstärke in der Regel auf einen genau definierten Wert einzustellen sein. Die Justierung der magnetischen Feldstärke kann dadurch erfolgen, daß der Magnet bis zur vollkommenen Sättigung aufmagnetisiert wird. Danach wird er schrittweise abmagnetisiert, bis der gewünschte Wert der magnetischen Feldstärke erreicht ist, bei dem am Mikrowellen-Bauelement eine optimale Funktion der gewünschten Art gemessen werden kann.In such a way that a microwave conductor arrangement for guiding electromagnetic Waves and a gyromagnetic material that is in active connection with the electromagnetic waves is arranged, are provided, in particular non-reciprocal microwave multi-gate components such as circulators or isolators educated. Due to their physical mode of action, it is necessary that these components are gyromagnetic materials, especially ferrite materials, contain a magnetic field of defined field strength. The microwave component can be used to produce this magnetic field be introduced a permanent magnet such that its magnetic field is the gyromagnetic Material flows through. For optimal functioning of the microwave component the magnetic field strength is usually set to be able to set a precisely defined value. Adjusting the magnetic Field strength can be achieved by the magnet being fully saturated is magnetized. Then it is gradually demagnetized until the desired one The value of the magnetic field strength is reached in the case of the microwave component an optimal function of the desired type can be measured.

Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß bei dieser Vorgehensweise relativ häufig der Fall auftritt, daß beim Abmagnetisieren das Magnetfeld zu weit abgeschwächt wird. Der vorstehend beschriebene Vorgang muß dann vollständig wiederholt werden, indem der Magnet erneut in die Sättigung gebracht und danach wieder abgeschwächt wird. Ein derartiger Einstellvorgang ist insbesondere für eine Großserienfertigung sehr aufwendig und kostenintensiv.However, it has been shown that this is the case relatively often with this procedure occurs that the magnetic field is weakened too much when demagnetizing. The process described above must then be repeated completely, by bringing the magnet back into saturation and then weakening it again becomes. Such an adjustment process is particularly suitable for large series production very complex and expensive.

Aus der US-A-3,085,212 ist eine nicht-reziproke Leitungsverbindung für elektromagnetische Wellen bekannt, welche ein äußeres Gehäuse aus nichtmagnetischem Material mit einer zentralen Öffnung umfaßt. Um das Gehäuse sind drei Wellen leiter zum Leiten elektromagnetischer Wellen vom TEM-Wellentyp angeordnet. Diese drei Wellenleiter weisen innere und äußere Leiter auf, wobei die inneren Leiter radial durch das Gehäuse ragen. Eine dünne Scheibe leitenden Materials ist innerhalb der genannten Öffnung rechtwinklig zu deren Mittelachse angebracht. Diese Scheibe ist leitend mit dem Mittelpunkt der inneren Leiter der Wellenleiter verbunden. Erste und zweite Säulen magnetisch polarisierbaren Werkstoffs mit gyromagnetischen Eigenschaften im Bereich der Frequenzen der Wellen, die sich durch die genannte Verbindung der Wellenleiter ausbreiten, sind mittig innerhalb der genannten Öffnung beiderseits der genannten Scheibe leitenden Materials angeordnet.From US-A-3,085,212 is a non-reciprocal line connection for electromagnetic Shafts known which have an outer housing made of non-magnetic Includes material with a central opening. There are three shafts around the housing conductor for guiding electromagnetic waves of the TEM wave type. These three waveguides have inner and outer conductors, the inner ones Project the conductor radially through the housing. There is a thin slice of conductive material attached at right angles to its central axis within said opening. This disc is conductive with the center of the inner conductor of the waveguide connected. First and second pillars with magnetically polarizable material gyromagnetic properties in the range of the frequencies of the waves, which are spread through the mentioned connection of the waveguides are centered within said opening is arranged on both sides of said disk of conductive material.

Eine Mehrzahl von Bohrungen erstreckt sich durch das Gehäuse parallel zur Mittelachse der Öffnung und um diese herum verteilt angeordnet. Eine Mehrzahl von Permanentmagneten, jeder in einer der Bohrungen angeordnet, weist eine Ausrichtung ihrer Polarisierung in derselben Richtung parallel zur Mittelachse der Öffnung auf. Eine erste und eine zweite Stirnplatte aus magnetischem Material erstrecken sich über die zugeordneten Enden der genannten Öffnung und über die zugeordneten Enden der genannten Permanentmagnete. Auf diese Weise wird ein magnetischer Kreis niedriger Reluktanz gebildet, der sich von einer Anzahl gleichnamiger Pole der Permanentmagnete mittig durch eine der genannten magnetischen Stirnplatten, axial durch die genannten zwei Säulen gyromagnetischen Materials und radial durch die genannte zweite magnetische Stirnplatte bis zu der anderen Anzahl (gegenüberliegender) Pole der genannten Permanentmagnete erstreckt.A plurality of holes extend through the housing parallel to the central axis the opening and distributed around it. A majority of Permanent magnets, each located in one of the holes, have an orientation their polarization in the same direction parallel to the central axis of the Opening up. A first and a second end plate made of magnetic material extend themselves over the assigned ends of the opening mentioned and over the associated ends of said permanent magnets. In this way, a magnetic circuit of low reluctance formed by a number of the same name Poles of the permanent magnets in the middle through one of the mentioned magnetic Face plates, axially through the two columns of gyromagnetic material mentioned and radially through said second magnetic faceplate to the other Number (opposite) poles of said permanent magnets extends.

Die inneren Oberflächen der Stirnplatten sind elektrisch leitend zur Ausbildung von elektrischen Masseflächen auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten der genannten dünnen, leitenden Scheibe, um die Ausbreitung der TEM-Wellen durch die genannte Verbindung der Wellenleiter zu unterstützen.The inner surfaces of the end plates are electrically conductive for training of electrical ground surfaces on opposite sides of the thin, conductive disc to the spread of the TEM waves through the said Support connection of the waveguide.

Wenigstens ein Abschnitt einer der Stirnplatten ist dabei axial beweglich, um die Reluktanz des magnetischen Kreises und den axialen Abstand zwischen wenigstens einem Teil einer durch die genannte bewegliche Stirnplatte gebildeten Massefläche und der dünnen, leitenden Scheibe zu verändern.At least a portion of one of the end plates is axially movable to the Reluctance of the magnetic circuit and the axial distance between at least a part of a ground surface formed by said movable end plate and to change the thin, conductive disc.

Eine erste und eine zweite Muffe aus verlustarmem, dielektrischem Material ist im Bereich der genannten Wellenleiterverbindung je eine der genannten gyromagnetischen Säulen umgebend angeordnet. Dabei weist wenigstens eine der dielektrischen Muffen eine axiale Abmessung auf, die geringer ist als der Abstand zwischen der genannten dünnen, leitenden Scheibe und einer Massefläche, und ist außerdem mit der genannten, beweglichen Stimplatte verbunden, um eine einstellbare Positionierung der genannten dielektrischen Muffe im Bereich der genannten Wellenleiterverbindung zu ermöglichen, wodurch eine abstimmbare Vorrichtung für die genannte Wellenleiterverbindung geschaffen wird.A first and a second sleeve made of low-loss, dielectric material is in the Area of said waveguide connection each one of the gyromagnetic Arranged surrounding columns. At least one of the dielectric points Have an axial dimension that is less than the distance between said thin, conductive disc and a ground plane, and is also connected to the above-mentioned movable stimulating plate in order to achieve an adjustable Positioning the said dielectric sleeve in the area of said Allow waveguide connection, creating a tunable device is created for said waveguide connection.

Die Erfindung hat die Aufgabe, ein Mikrowellen-Bauelement der eingangs genannten Art in der Weise auszubilden, daß der Abgleich der magnetischen Feldstärke vereinfacht wird. The invention has for its object a microwave component of the aforementioned Kind in such a way that the balance of the magnetic field strength is simplified.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch ein Mikrowellen-Bauelement mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Die Aufgabe wird ferner gelöst durch ein Mikrowellen-Bauelement mit den Merkmalen des nebengeordneten Anspruchs 2.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a microwave component with the features of claim 1. The object is further achieved by a Microwave component with the features of the independent claim 2.

Bei einem derartig gemäß Anspruch 1 ausgebildeten Mikrowellen-Baulement wird der Abgleich der magnetischen Feldstärke durch ein magnetisches Abstimmelement vorgenommen, welches in den magnetischen Kreis eingebracht ist. Der Magnet zur Herstellung des Magnetfeldes kann dann unverändert so eingefügt und betrieben werden, wie er für die Fertigung des Mikrowellen-Bauelements zugeliefert wird. Vorzugsweise ist der Magnet bis zu seiner Sättigung aufmagnetisiert. Beim Abgleich der magnetischen Feldstärke im Mikrowellen-Bauelement bleibt der Magnet unverändert; die magnetische Feldstärke wird vielmehr durch Erhöhung oder Verringerung der magnetischen Leitfähigkeit des magnetischen Abstimmelements vorgenommen.In such a microwave construction element designed according to claim 1 the adjustment of the magnetic field strength by means of a magnetic tuning element made, which is introduced into the magnetic circuit. The magnet to produce the magnetic field can then be inserted unchanged and are operated as he supplied for the manufacture of the microwave component becomes. The magnet is preferably magnetized up to its saturation. When comparing the magnetic field strength in the microwave component remains the magnet unchanged; the magnetic field strength is rather increased or reducing the magnetic conductivity of the magnetic tuning element performed.

Dabei ermöglicht es die Ausbildung des magnetischen Abstimmelements mit einem die Mikrowellen-Leiteranordnung, den gyromagnetischen Werkstoff und den Magneten wenigstens teilweise umschließenden Gehäuse, das wenigstens bereichsweise aus magnetisch leitendem Werkstoff ausgebildet und in dem magnetischen Kreis angeordnet ist und das mit wenigstens einem seiner im magnetischen Kreis angeordneten Bereiche wenigstens einen Teil des magnetischen Abstimmelements bildet, den Abgleich der magnetischen Feldstärke auch noch im fertig zusammengefügten Zustand des Mikrowellen-Bauelements durchzuführen, und bietet weiterhin die Möglichkeit, ein magnetisches Abstimmelement ohne zusätzlichen oder allenfalls mit geringem Aufwand an Bauteilen zu schaffen. Das magnetische Abstimmelement umfaßt ein zwecks Abgleich der magnetischen Feldstärke geometrisch veränderbares Bauteil. Der Abgleich kann dann durch mechanische Einwirkung auf das magnetische Abstimmelement vorgenommen werden, wodurch sichergestellt, daß sich die Kenndaten beispielsweise des verwendeten Magneten oder des gyromagnetischen Werkstoffs nicht ändern.It enables the formation of the magnetic tuning element one the microwave conductor arrangement, the gyromagnetic material and the magnet at least partially enclosing the housing, at least in some areas made of magnetically conductive material and in the magnetic Circle is arranged and that with at least one of its magnetic Circular areas at least part of the magnetic tuning element forms, the adjustment of the magnetic field strength in the finished perform assembled state of the microwave component, and still offers the possibility of a magnetic tuning element without additional or to create components with little effort. The magnetic Tuning element comprises a for the purpose of balancing the magnetic field strength geometrically changeable component. The adjustment can then be carried out by mechanical Action on the magnetic tuning element can be made, whereby ensures that the characteristics of, for example, the magnet used or the gyromagnetic material.

Dabei umfaßt dabei das magnetische Abstimmelement einen Luftspalt veränderbarer Breite. Dieser Luftspalt veränderbarer Breite ist zwischen zwei Bauteilen des magnetischen Kreises angeordnet, deren geometrische Position zueinander justierbar gestaltet und von denen wenigstens eines von einem Teil des Gehäuses gebildet ist. So kann der Luftspalt veränderbarer Breite beispielsweise zwischen zwei Gehäusebauteilen angeordnet sein. Dabei ist der Luftspalt des magnetischen Abstimmelements mit einer mechanisch verformbaren Lasche gebildet. Die mechanisch verformbare Lasche ist aus einem Bauteil des Gehäuses im magnetischen Kreis herausgeformt, beispielsweise durch eine Ausstanzung.The magnetic tuning element includes an air gap that can be changed Width. This variable air gap is between two components of the magnetic circuit arranged, their geometric Position adjustable to each other and at least one of them Part of the housing is formed. For example, the air gap can be changed in width between two housing components can be arranged. Here is the air gap of the magnetic tuning element a mechanically deformable tab is formed. The mechanically deformable tab is made of one Molded part of the housing in the magnetic circuit, for example through a die cut.

In einer anderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung gemäß dem nebengeordneten Anspruch 2 ist das geometrisch veränderbare Bauteil durch einen in seiner Wandstärke verformbaren, im magnetischen Kreis angeordneten Bereich des Gehäuses gebildet. Dabei wird der Zusammenhang zwischen der Wandstärke und der magnetischen Leitfähigkeit für den Abgleich ausgenutzt. In another embodiment of the invention according to the independent claim 2 is the geometrically changeable component due to its wall thickness deformable region of the housing arranged in the magnetic circuit. The relationship between the wall thickness and the magnetic Conductivity used for the adjustment.

Einige Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im nachfolgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
ein Mikrowellen-Bauelement mit einer Schraube als magnetischem Abstimmelement,
Fig. 2
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer mechanisch verformbaren Lasche als Abstimmelement und
Fig. 3
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem in seiner Wandstärke verformbaren Bereich des Gehäuses als Abstimmelement.
Some embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below. Show it
Fig. 1
a microwave component with a screw as a magnetic tuning element,
Fig. 2
a first embodiment with a mechanically deformable tab as a tuning element and
Fig. 3
a second embodiment with an area of the housing deformable in its wall thickness as a tuning element.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein Mikrowellen-Bauelement mit einer Mikrowellen-Leiteranordnung, bestehend aus einem Innenleiter 1, einem Bodenbereich 2 eines weitgehend topfförmigen Gehäuses 3 und einem in das Gehäuse 3 eingesetzten Außenleiter 4. Der Innenleiter 1 erstreckt sich im wesentlichen entlang einer Ebene, der Bodenbereich 2 und der Außenleiter 4 erstrecken sich parallel zu dieser Ebene. Zwischen dem Innenleiter 1 und dem Bodenbereich 2 des Gehäuses 3 ist ein erstes Teil aus gyromagnetischem Werkstoff, vorzugsweise eine Scheibe aus Ferritmaterial, angeordnet. Diese Ferritscheibe ist mit dem Bezugszeichen 5 versehen. Eine baugleiche zweite Ferritscheibe 6 ist zwischen dem Innenleiter 1 und dem Außenleiter 4 angeordnet. Die Mikrowellen-Leiteranordnung 1, 2, 4 mit den Ferritscheiben 5, 6 bildet ein nichtreziprokes Mikrowellen-Mehrtor-Bauelement, beispielsweise einen Zirkulator oder einen Isolator, und ist einer an sich bekannten Form aufgebaut.1 shows a microwave component with a microwave conductor arrangement, consisting of an inner conductor 1, a bottom region 2 of a largely pot-shaped Housing 3 and an outer conductor 4 inserted into the housing 3 Inner conductor 1 extends essentially along one plane, the bottom region 2 and the outer conductor 4 extend parallel to this plane. Between the inner conductor 1 and the bottom region 2 of the housing 3 is made of a first part gyromagnetic material, preferably a disc made of ferrite material. This ferrite disc is provided with the reference number 5. An identical one second ferrite disc 6 is arranged between the inner conductor 1 and the outer conductor 4. The microwave conductor arrangement 1, 2, 4 forms with the ferrite disks 5, 6 a non-reciprocal microwave multi-port device, for example a circulator or an isolator, and is one known per se Form built up.

Um die Ferritscheiben 5, 6 mit einem Magnetfeld definierter Größe senkrecht zu der Ausbreitungsrichtung der in der Mikrowellen-Leiteranordnung 1, 2, 4 entlang der flächigen Ausdehnung des Innenleiters 1 geführten elektromagnetischen Wellen zu beaufschlagen, ist ein Permanentmagnet 7 flächig auf dem Außenleiter 4 angeordnet. Der Permanentmagnet 7 ist in einen magnetischen Kreis einbezogen, der außer dem Permanentmagneten 7 noch die Ferritscheiben 5, 6, das Gehäuse 3 einschließlich seines Bodenbereiches 2 sowie einen Deckel 8 umfaßt, mit dem das Gehäuse 3 auf seiner dem Bodenbereich 2 gegenüberliegenden Seite abgeschlossen ist. Gehäuse 3 und Deckel 8 sind dazu aus magnetisch leitfähigem Werkstoff gefertigt, vorzugsweise aus Stahl. Als magnetisches Abstimmelement ist in eine Gewindebohrung des Deckels 8 eine ebenfalls magnetisch leitfähige Schraube 9 eingesetzt. Zwischen einer Stirnfläche 10 der Schraube 9 und einer ihr zugekehrten Fläche 11 des Permanentmagneten 7, die im dargestellten Beispiel ebenfalls parallel zu der Ebene angeordnet ist, entlang der sich der Innenleiter 1 erstreckt, befindet sich ein Luftspalt 12, dessen Breite, d.h. Abstand zwischen der Stirnfläche 10 und der Fläche 11 durch Justieren der Schraube 9 veränderbar ist. Der Permanentmagnet ist bis in seine Sättigung aufmagnetisiert. Die magnetische Feldstärke in den Ferritscheiben 5, 6 wird durch Justieren der Schraube 9 verstellt. Dadurch ist in einfacher Weise im fertig montierten Zustand des Mikrowellen-Bauelements ein Abgleich der magnetischen Feldstärke möglich, ohne die magnetischen Eigenschaften des Permanentmagneten selbst zu verändern. Werden dabei verhältnismäßig große Werte für die Breite des Luftspaltes eingestellt, empfiehlt sich in der Regel der Einsatz eines Permanentmagneten mit großer magnetischer Feldstärke. Derartige Permanentmagnete sind vorzugweise aus Hartferrt sowie aus den Legierungen mit den Bezeichneten NeFeB und SmCo hergestellt. Around the ferrite disks 5, 6 with a magnetic field of a defined size perpendicular to the Direction of propagation in the microwave guide arrangement 1, 2, 4 along the areal extension of the inner conductor 1 guided electromagnetic waves act, a permanent magnet 7 is arranged flat on the outer conductor 4. The permanent magnet 7 is included in a magnetic circuit, which besides that Permanent magnets 7 and the ferrite disks 5, 6, the housing 3 including its bottom region 2 and a cover 8 with which the housing 3 on its side opposite the floor area 2 is closed. Housing 3 and cover 8 are made of magnetically conductive material, preferably made of steel. As a magnetic tuning element is in a Tapped hole of the cover 8 is also a magnetically conductive screw 9 used. Between an end face 10 of the screw 9 and one facing it Surface 11 of the permanent magnet 7, which is also parallel in the example shown is arranged to the plane along which the inner conductor 1 extends there is an air gap 12 whose width, i.e. Distance between the end face 10 and the surface 11 can be changed by adjusting the screw 9. The permanent magnet is magnetized to its saturation. The magnetic field strength in the Ferrite disks 5, 6 are adjusted by adjusting the screw 9. This is in a simple way in the fully assembled state of the microwave component Alignment of the magnetic field strength possible without the magnetic To change the properties of the permanent magnet itself. Be there Relatively large values for the width of the air gap are recommended usually the use of a permanent magnet with large magnetic Field strength. Such permanent magnets are preferably made of hard ferrite and the alloys with the designated NeFeB and SmCo.

Eine derartige mechanische Justierung kann anstelle mit einer Schraube 9 auch mit einem einfacher zu fertigenden, magnetisch leitfähigen Stift erreicht werden, der an die Stelle der Schraube 9 in der Anordnung nach Fig. 1 tritt. Auch ließe sich der Luftspalt 12 durch wiederholtes Einkleben von magnetisch leitfähigen Scheiben unter den Deckel 8 anstelle der Schraube 9 oder auf die Fläche 11 des Permanentmagneten 7 auf die notwendige Breite einstellen.Such a mechanical adjustment can also be carried out instead of with a screw 9 an easier to manufacture, magnetically conductive pin that can be reached the place of the screw 9 in the arrangement of FIG. 1 occurs. It could also be Air gap 12 by repeated gluing of magnetically conductive discs under the cover 8 instead of the screw 9 or on the surface 11 of the Set permanent magnet 7 to the required width.

Wie für die gezeigte Mikrowellen-Leiteranordnung 1, 2, 4 ist die Erfindung auch für Mikrowellen-Leiteranordnungen anderer Bauformen in gleich vorteilhafter Weise einsetzbar, beispielsweise für Hohlleiter-Zirkulatoren und Ähnliches. In jedem Fall wird eine einfache, preiswerte und exakte Möglichkeit des Abgleichs der magnetischen Feldstärke erhalten.As for the microwave conductor arrangement 1, 2, 4 shown, the invention is also for Microwave conductor arrangements of other designs in the same advantageous manner can be used, for example for waveguide circulators and the like. In any case will be a simple, inexpensive and exact way of comparing the get magnetic field strength.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2, in dem mit Fig. 1 übereinstimmende Elemente wieder mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen sind, ist anstelle der Schraube 9 zwischen dem Deckel 8 und der Fläche 11 des Permanentmagneten 7 ein magnetisch leitfähiges Bauteil, beispielsweise aus Stahl, zum Schließen des magnetischen Kreises eingefügt. Anstelle der durch dieses Bauteil 13 ersetzten Schraube 9 in Fig. 1 tritt als magnetisches Abstimmelement in Fig. 2 eine mechanisch verformbare Lasche 14. Die Lasche 14 ist aus einem Wandbereich des Gehäuses 3 herausgearbeitet, beispielsweise eingestanzt. Durch Einbiegen der Lasche 14 entsteht zwischen dieser und dem übrigen Teil des Gehäuses 3 ein Luftspalt 15 veränderbarer Breite. Der Abgleich der magnetischen Feldstärke in den Ferritscheiben 5, 6 erfolgt durch gezielte Verformung, d.h. genau dosiertes Einbiegen der Lasche 14 in den Innenraum des Gehäuses 3. Auch dabei bleiben die magnetischen Eigenschaften des Permanentmagneten 7 unberührt.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, in the elements corresponding to FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference numerals, instead of the screw 9 a magnetic between the cover 8 and the surface 11 of the permanent magnet 7 Conductive component, for example made of steel, for closing the magnetic Circle inserted. Instead of the screw 9 replaced by this component 13 in Fig. 1 occurs as a magnetic tuning element in Fig. 2 a mechanically deformable Tab 14. The tab 14 is from a wall area of the housing 3 worked out, for example stamped. By bending the tab 14 arises an air gap 15 between this and the remaining part of the housing 3 changeable width. The comparison of the magnetic field strength in the Ferrite disks 5, 6 are made by targeted deformation, i.e. exactly dosed Bending the tab 14 into the interior of the housing 3 magnetic properties of the permanent magnet 7 untouched.

In einer dritten Ausführungsform, die in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist, wird anstelle der Lasche 14 aus Fig. 2 ein vorgegebener Bereich 16 der Wand des Gehäuses 3 zur Veränderung seiner Wandstärke mechanisch deformiert. Dies ist durch gestrichelte Linien und Pfeile angedeutet. In Fig. 3 bildet somit der Bereich 16 das magnetische Abstimmelement, dessen magnetische Leitfähigkeit mit der Wandstärke variiert und somit zum Abgleich der magnetischen Feldstärke herangezogen wird.In a third embodiment, which is shown in Fig. 3, instead of 2 a predetermined area 16 of the wall of the housing 3 for Change in its wall thickness mechanically deformed. This is by dashed lines Lines and arrows indicated. In FIG. 3, the area 16 thus forms the magnetic Tuning element, whose magnetic conductivity varies with the wall thickness and thus used to balance the magnetic field strength.

Auch im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3 bleibt durch den Abgleich der magnetischen Feldstärke der Permanentmagnet 7 als solcher unberührt.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, the adjustment remains magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet 7 as such is unaffected.

Die Ausbildung des magnetischen Abstimmelements nach den in den Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen stellt eine besonders aufwandsarme Möglichkeit dar, die keiner zusätzlichen Bauteile bedarf und keinen oder nur einen sehr geringen zusätzlichen Fertigungsaufwand erfordert, der jedoch durch die Einsparung aufgrund der Vereinfachung des Abgleichverfahrens nicht ins Gewicht fällt.The formation of the magnetic tuning element according to that in FIGS. 2 and 3 The embodiments shown represent a particularly low-cost option represents that requires no additional components and no or only a very small number additional manufacturing effort required, but due to the savings the simplification of the comparison procedure is of no importance.

Claims (2)

  1. A microwave component which includes a microwave conductor arrangement for conducting electromagnetic waves and a gyromagnetic material which is provided in operative contact with the electromagnetic waves and is exposed to a magnetic field of adjustable field strength in that the gyromagnetic material, at least one magnet for forming the magnetic field, and a magnetic tuning member, having a magnetic conductivity which can be varied so as to adjust the magnetic field strength, are arranged in a magnetic circuit, and also includes a housing (3) which at least partly encloses the microwave conductor arrangement, the gyromagnetic material and the magnet, is made at least partly of a magnetically conductive material, is arranged in the magnetic circuit and constitutes at least a part of the magnetic tuning member by way of at least one of its parts situated in the magnetic circuit, the magnetic tuning member including a part which can be geometrically modified in order to adjust the magnetic field strength and also an air gap (15) of variable width which is arranged between two parts of the magnetic circuit, at least one of which is formed by apart of the housing (3), characterized in that the air gap (15) of variable width of the magnetic tuning member is formed in a wall portion of the housing (3) by a mechanically deformable strip (14) formed from the wall portion of the housing (3).
  2. A microwave component which includes a microwave conductor arrangement for conducting electromagnetic waves and a gyromagnetic material which is provided in operative contact with the electromagnetic waves and is exposed to a magnetic field of adjustable field strength in that the gyromagnetic material, at least one magnet for forming the magnetic field, and a magnetic tuning member, having a magnetic conductivity which can be varied so as to adjust the magnetic field strength, are arranged in a magnetic circuit, and also includes a housing (3) which at least partly encloses the microwave conductor arrangement, the gyromagnetic material and the magnet, is made at least partly of a magnetically conductive material, is arranged in the magnetic circuit and constitutes at least a part of the magnetic tuning member by way of at least one of its parts situated in the magnetic circuit, the magnetic tuning member including a part which can be geometrically modified in order to adjust the magnetic field strength, characterized in that the part which can be geometrically modified is formed by a portion (16) of the housing (3) whose wall thickness can be deformed and which is situated in the magnetic circuit.
EP98200462A 1997-02-22 1998-02-13 Microwave component Expired - Lifetime EP0860891B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19707153 1997-02-22
DE19707153A DE19707153A1 (en) 1997-02-22 1997-02-22 Microwave device

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EP0860891A1 EP0860891A1 (en) 1998-08-26
EP0860891B1 true EP0860891B1 (en) 2003-09-03

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JP (1) JP4067624B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1122326C (en)
DE (2) DE19707153A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007015544B4 (en) * 2007-03-30 2011-01-27 Siemens Ag Circulator, circulator operating method, magnetic resonance antenna device with such a circulator and magnetic resonance apparatus with such a manganese resonance antenna device
US20160270271A1 (en) 2013-10-28 2016-09-15 Uniwersytet Wroclawski Coating for absorbing energy, especially the energy of electromagnetic and mechanical waves, and its use

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3090930A (en) * 1957-12-26 1963-05-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Variable gyromagnetic wave transmission device
US3085212A (en) * 1961-04-17 1963-04-09 Sperry Rand Corp Tunable circulator
US3311839A (en) * 1965-12-16 1967-03-28 Northern Electric Co Compensated tunable cavity with single variable element
US3448409A (en) * 1967-11-24 1969-06-03 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Integrated microwave circulator and filter
EP0005801A1 (en) * 1978-05-25 1979-12-12 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Microwave ferrite component
GB2059171A (en) * 1979-08-22 1981-04-15 Secr Defence Improvements in or relating to microwave circulators
JPS5685919A (en) * 1979-12-14 1981-07-13 Hitachi Metals Ltd Lumped constant type circulator and isolator
FR2477782A1 (en) * 1980-03-05 1981-09-11 Thomson Csf HYPERFREQUENCY TUNING DEVICE OF THE SLIDING CONTACTS TYPE AND FILTER COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE
JPS6158301A (en) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-25 Sony Corp Magnetic device
JPS6161503A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-03-29 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Dielectric resonator
US4675621A (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-06-23 Decibel Products, Inc. Temperature compensated circulator

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DE59809440D1 (en) 2003-10-09
EP0860891A1 (en) 1998-08-26
CN1122326C (en) 2003-09-24
JP4067624B2 (en) 2008-03-26
US6118352A (en) 2000-09-12
JPH114104A (en) 1999-01-06
DE19707153A1 (en) 1998-08-27
CN1197304A (en) 1998-10-28

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