EP0858844B1 - Sonic head - Google Patents

Sonic head Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0858844B1
EP0858844B1 EP98102214A EP98102214A EP0858844B1 EP 0858844 B1 EP0858844 B1 EP 0858844B1 EP 98102214 A EP98102214 A EP 98102214A EP 98102214 A EP98102214 A EP 98102214A EP 0858844 B1 EP0858844 B1 EP 0858844B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
piezo element
damping body
sonic transducer
transducer according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98102214A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0858844A3 (en
EP0858844A2 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Kroh
Stephan Dr. Burkhard
Paul Greppmaier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Landis and Gyr GmbH
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0858844A2 publication Critical patent/EP0858844A2/en
Publication of EP0858844A3 publication Critical patent/EP0858844A3/en
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Publication of EP0858844B1 publication Critical patent/EP0858844B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/004—Mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transducer, in particular to an ultrasound head, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a damped ultrasound transmitter is e.g. from US 4,417,480 known.
  • Such an ultrasonic transmitter and / or ultrasonic receiver serves e.g. for measuring the flow and the velocity of a fluid with the help of Sound waves generated or detected by a piezo element become.
  • the one for sound wave generation or sound wave measurement serving transducer typically includes an on closed on one side and on the opposite Open metal and cylindrical housing. This serves as a receiving part for a piezoelectric Transmitter / receiver made of usually ceramic material.
  • Damping means provided the sound energy from the piezo element absorbed.
  • the damping agent is by means of Screw cap pressed against the piezo element, the Screw cap with one on the opening side of the housing provided internal thread is brought into thread engagement.
  • One centrally through the screw cap and through the damping agent The insulated conductor is used as a signal connection contacted with a connection side of the piezo element.
  • a disadvantage of this known transducer is a considerable one Assembly effort when assembling the inside of the Housing parts to be arranged as well as a material-intensive Execution of the transducer housing. Beyond that those from the piezo element and from the damping means as well from additional spring elements and from the screw cap composite inner structure of the transducer especially complex and cost-intensive.
  • a transducer in which the Piezo element is loosely inserted in its housing.
  • a liquid preferably with oil or water.
  • a connecting wire is central on the back of the piezo element soldered.
  • a 0-ring is provided for liquid and gas tight sealing.
  • a damping body provided the back of the piezo element with the housing damped. The required connection pressure for the conductive The piezo element is contacted by clamping achieved by means of a locking ring. With this arrangement electrical contacting is very problematic, whereby the central solder connection the vibration behavior of the piezo element adversely affected.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, one in particular simply constructed and easy to assemble transducer, in particular ultrasound head to specify.
  • the transducer has in a housing an interior system that consists of a floor-side and piezo element connected to a connecting lug and is constructed from an overlying damping body, and that by means of a lockable securing element in the housing is clamped.
  • the piezo element is glued into the housing, the adhesive advantageously being conductive and elastic is. It is between the housing and the piezo element on the one hand and between this and the connecting lug on the other each with a conductive and elastic adhesive joint intended.
  • the adhesive thus serves as an electrical connection and acoustic coupling between housing, piezo element and Terminal lug. It also forms an elastic joint between the housing and the piezo element, their materials have different coefficients of thermal expansion.
  • the piezo element and the damping body are between the Pinched bottom of the housing and a pressure plate. This is on the side facing away from the damping body the pressure plate provided securing element in the form a locking ring formed in a housing structural part, e.g. in a housing inner groove or against one Shoulder contour inside the housing, can be snapped into place.
  • the Circlip thus serves to lock the preloaded Inner system consisting of piezo element and damping body.
  • the electrical connection of the piezo element takes place via a Ground connection and a signal connection.
  • a Ground connection for this is the ground connection side of the piezo element expediently with the Contacted case back.
  • the connecting lug of the piezo element is then connected, which is preferably glued there.
  • connection lug is arranged decentrally.
  • the connection lug is in one guided by the damping body and by the securing element Insulated hose arranged. This is in turn arranged laterally and coaxially within the housing.
  • the damping body serves for the rear damping of the ceramic Piezo element. It also increases pressure stability from the medium side to the transducer.
  • the damping body continues to hermetically seal the piezoceramic against environmental influences from what he preferably has a recess on the bottom for receiving the piezo element. It also serves the damping body for balancing e.g. due to temperature changes induced material stresses.
  • the housing is advantageously a material-saving design Receiving part of low construction height. It has a funnel shape graduated inner contour so that the individual parts of the inner system, namely the piezo element and the damping body and, if necessary, the pressure plate, in a distinctive Order inserted in the receiving part and then clamped and held by means of the locking ring can be.
  • the damping body has centering the pressure plate a centering molding - z. B. a molded spigot - on that in a complementary Opening engages in the pressure plate.
  • the advantages achieved with the invention are in particular in that by clamping the essentially from a Piezo element and a damping body constructed inner system of a transducer within a recording part by means of a lockable securing element a simple and rational installation of the interior system by few and simple parts to be joined is possible.
  • the assembly of the interior system by means of the locking element in the form of a locking ring and a pressure plate thus enables a simple and cost-effective interior structure and a minimization of the installation height of the receiving part through material reduction.
  • the A The pressure plate which is a stamped part is particularly cost-effective and easy to manufacture. Also inexpensive
  • the damping body is to be produced, since it is simple Molding can be executed.
  • the side design is a major advantage the connecting lug, since it is a full-surface undisturbed Damping of the piezo element is guaranteed.
  • the structure of the The interior system also enables direct contact the signal side of the piezo element without critical Contact resistance. Next is a particularly short one and / or Decay when the piezo element is excited and achieved a particularly good interference / useful signal ratio. Further are due to the pinching by means of the locking ring caused and thus by the compression of the damping body caused compressive forces on the piezo element only low adhesive forces required with regard to the adhesive.
  • FIG. 1 shows a transducer in longitudinal section with in a Receiving part of clamped inner system.
  • Figure 2 shows a connection flag in a spatial representation.
  • the transducer 1 is e.g. an ultrasound receiver or ultrasound transmitter to measure flow and / or speed one flowing, for example, in a pipeline Medium. It comprises a receiving part 2 as a housing or Installation body for an interior system 3.
  • the receiving part 2 serves moreover as a fastening system of the transducer 1 within a (not shown) flow measuring system. It also serves to seal off the medium to be measured.
  • the receiving part 2 also serves as a ground connection of a piezo element 4 in the form of a piezoceramic that forms part of the interior system 3 of the transducer 1.
  • the piezo element 4 is included glued to the bottom side 5 of the receiving part 2. This is between the corresponding ground connection side 4a of the piezo element 4 and the bottom side 5 of the receiving part 2 an adhesive layer or adhesive joint 6 from a conductive set Adhesive provided at the same time as an elastic joint serves. On the bottom side 5 of the receiving part 2 facing away Signal connection side 4b of the piezo element 4 is a connection lug 8 out there with their spoon-like contact end 7 is contacted. The connecting lug 8 the galvanic contact via a further conductive adhesive joint 9 between the piezo element 4 and a (not shown) Electronics.
  • the bonding is therefore preferably under Pressure and under vacuum.
  • Figure 2 shows the terminal lug 8 in detail. It is preferred from a one-piece piece of metal, e.g. Copper, manufactured and has a contact end 7, which for contacting is glued to the piezo element 4.
  • a one-piece piece of metal e.g. Copper
  • Piezo elements usually have contact on them Vaporized connecting electrodes on top. With these connection electrodes an electrical contact must be made become.
  • the present terminal lug 8 therefore has a contact end 7, which is at least approximately the shape of the piezo element 4 and thus over a large area on the ground connection side 4a contacts the piezo element 4. So is one very good contacting given the vibration behavior of the piezo element 4 is not impaired. this concerns in particular the central area of the piezo element 4, in which there is usually an antinode at one Training signal control. With a central connection according to this antinode becomes the prior art strongly damped, which hinders the propagation of vibrations. In the present connection lug 8 there is a free one Swinging of the piezo element 4 ensures.
  • a damping body 10 as another part of the Interior system 3 of the transducer 1 is arranged in the receiving part 2.
  • the damping body 10 damping the piezo element 4 serves to increase the pressure stability compared to that on the Transducer 1 acting flow medium M and seals it Piezo element 4 hermetically against the outside.
  • the damping body 10 points on the bottom side 5 facing Side at least partially enclosing the piezo element 4 Recess 11 for positioning the piezo element 4 within the receiving part 2.
  • a pin 12 formed by a Complementary opening 13 protrudes in a pressure plate 14.
  • the pin 12 serves as a centering for the Pressure plate 14 within the receiving part 2.
  • a locking element 15 in the form of a locking ring provided that for the assembly-friendly locking of the entire biased interior system 3 is used.
  • the locking ring is located 15 in the locked state in a groove 16 of the Receiving part 2.
  • the inner system 3 includes in addition to the piezo element 4 and the Damping body 10 and the connecting lug 8 also the pressure plate 14 and the circlip 15.
  • connection lug 8 is of an insulating tube 17 encased, which is also part of the interior system 3 is. This creates an unwanted short circuit between ground and Signal connection of the piezo element 4 safely avoided.
  • the damping body 10 has several functions in the present case. To the one he seals the piezo element 4 from the outside atmosphere gas and liquid tight. On the other hand, it creates a back pressure compared to those acting on the bottom 5 from the outside Pressure of the surrounding medium.
  • Such transducers are in practice, for example, for temperature ranges from -20 to 180 ° C and designed for pressures from 0 to 60 bar. at a thick interpretation of the bottom 5 can the sound signal poorly transmitted into the medium. A thin bottom 5 could be destroyed by the surrounding pressure.
  • the thinly dimensioned base 5 is placed over the piezo element 4 of the damping body 10 relative to the housing 2 supported, whereby the external pressure is absorbed.
  • the damping body 10 is preferably around 30% of its volume pressed together when installed. This dimensioning is done usually taking into account the transducer 1 surrounding temperature fluctuations.
  • the bottom 5 preferably has a thickness of 0.5 to 0.7 mm, in particular a thickness from 0.1 to 2 mm.
  • the damping body 10 also includes the Function of the rear vibration damping, whereby Sound waves emitted to the rear are absorbed become. Furthermore, the damping body 10 also fulfills the Task of an even pressure and load distribution on the Piezo element 4.
  • the particularly simple construction of the inner system 3 enables a simple and easy to assemble the Transducer 1, since after inserting the individual parts 4, 8, 10 and 14 of the inner system 3 only a snap-in of the locking ring 15 takes place. Overall, it is simple and rational Assembly of the interior system 3 by few and easy to joining parts.
  • the simple and fail-safe installation is also shown by the figure graduated inner contour of the housing or receiving part 2 supports. To implement a "low-cost" receiving part 2 this can also be made smaller with respect to the axial length be so that the one above the dashed line Area of the receiving part 2 can be omitted.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The ultrasound transducer head (1) has a housing (2) enclosing an internal system (3) with a ceramic piezo-element (4) at the base of the housing and an overlying damping element (10). The piezo-element is coupled to a terminal tag (8) projecting from the housing, for connection to an external electronic circuit, with the internal system secured in the housing via a retaining ring (15) fitting into a reception groove (16) provided by the inside wall of the housing.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Schallkopf, insbesondere auf einen Ultraschallkopf, gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a transducer, in particular to an ultrasound head, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein gedämpfter Ultraschallgeber ist z.B. aus der US 4,417,480 bekannt. Ein derartiger Ultraschallsender und/oder Ultraschallempfänger dient z.B. zur Messung des Durchflusses und der Geschwindigkeit eines Strömungsmediums mit Hilfe von Schallwellen, die von einem Piezoelement erzeugt bzw. detektiert werden. Der zur Schallwellenerzeugung oder Schallwellenmessung dienende Schallkopf umfaßt üblicherweise ein auf einer Seite geschlossenes und auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite offenes metallisches und zylindrisch geformtes Gehäuse. Dieses dient als Aufnahmeteil für einen piezoelektrischen Sender/Empfänger aus üblicherweise keramischem Material.A damped ultrasound transmitter is e.g. from US 4,417,480 known. Such an ultrasonic transmitter and / or ultrasonic receiver serves e.g. for measuring the flow and the velocity of a fluid with the help of Sound waves generated or detected by a piezo element become. The one for sound wave generation or sound wave measurement serving transducer typically includes an on closed on one side and on the opposite Open metal and cylindrical housing. This serves as a receiving part for a piezoelectric Transmitter / receiver made of usually ceramic material.

Zur Bedämpfung von Eigenschwingungen des Piezoelements ist auf dessen der Bodenseite des Gehäuses abgewandten Seite ein Dämpfungsmittel vorgesehen, das Schallenergie vom Piezoelement absorbiert. Dazu wird das Dämpfungsmittel mittels eines Schraubverschluß gegen das Piezoelement verpreßt, wobei der Schraubverschluß mit einem an der Öffnungsseite des Gehäuses vorgesehenen Innengewinde in Gewindeeingriff gebracht wird. Ein zentral durch den Schraubverschluß und durch das Dämpfungsmittel geführter isolierter Leiter wird als Signalanschluß mit einer Anschlußseite des Piezoelements kontaktiert. Nachteilig bei diesem bekannten Schallkopf ist jedoch ein erheblicher Montageaufwand beim Zusammenfügen der innerhalb des Gehäuses anzuordnenden Einzelteile sowie eine materialintensive Ausführung des Schallkopfgehäuses. Darüber hinaus ist die aus dem Piezoelement und aus dem Dämpfungsmittel sowie aus zusätzlichen Federelementen und aus dem Schraubverschluß zusammengesetzte Innenstruktur des Schallkopfes besonders aufwendig und kostenintensiv. To dampen natural vibrations of the piezo element on the side facing away from the bottom of the housing Damping means provided the sound energy from the piezo element absorbed. For this, the damping agent is by means of Screw cap pressed against the piezo element, the Screw cap with one on the opening side of the housing provided internal thread is brought into thread engagement. One centrally through the screw cap and through the damping agent The insulated conductor is used as a signal connection contacted with a connection side of the piezo element. A disadvantage of this known transducer, however, is a considerable one Assembly effort when assembling the inside of the Housing parts to be arranged as well as a material-intensive Execution of the transducer housing. Beyond that those from the piezo element and from the damping means as well from additional spring elements and from the screw cap composite inner structure of the transducer especially complex and cost-intensive.

Aus der US 3 890 423 ist ein Schallkopf bekannt, bei dem das Piezoelement lose in seinem Gehäuse eingelegt ist. Zur Verhinderung von Luftblasen ist eine Benetzung des Piezoelements mit einer Flüssigkeit, bevorzugt mit Öl oder Wasser, vorgesehen. Rückseitig ist am Piezoelement ein Anschlußdraht zentral aufgelötet. Zur flüssigkeits- und gasdichten Abdichtung ist ein 0-Ring vorgesehen. Weiterhin ist ein Bedämpfungskörper vorgesehen, der das Piezoelement mit dem Gehäuse rückseitig bedämpft. Der erforderliche Anschlußdruck für die leitende Kontaktierung des Piezoelements wird durch ein Einspannen mittels eines Sicherungsringes erzielt. Bei dieser Anordnung ist die elektrische Kontaktierung sehr problematisch, wobei der zentrale Lötanschluß das Schwingungsverhalten des Piezoelements ungünstig beeinträchtigt.From US 3 890 423 a transducer is known in which the Piezo element is loosely inserted in its housing. For prevention of air bubbles is a wetting of the piezo element with a liquid, preferably with oil or water. A connecting wire is central on the back of the piezo element soldered. For liquid and gas tight sealing a 0-ring is provided. Furthermore, a damping body provided the back of the piezo element with the housing damped. The required connection pressure for the conductive The piezo element is contacted by clamping achieved by means of a locking ring. With this arrangement electrical contacting is very problematic, whereby the central solder connection the vibration behavior of the piezo element adversely affected.

Zur Vereinfachung der Kontaktierung ist bei einem aus der DE 38 26 799 A1 bekannten Ultraschallwandler, insbesondere für Abstandswarnanlagen in Kraftfahrzeugen, anstelle eines punktuellen Lötanschlusses ein ebenfalls punktueller Klebekontakt vorgesehen, bei dem ein Zuleitungsdrahtstück mittels eines Leitklebers mit dem Piezoelement dauerhaft kontaktiert wird. Mit dieser Vereinfachung der Kontaktierung wird jedoch keine Vereinfachung der Montage eines solchen Schallkopfes erreicht, zumal das in seinem Endbereich schraubenfederähnlich ausgebildete Zuleitungsdrahtstück in einer in einen zusätzlichen Stopfen einzusetzenden Hohlniet fixiert werden muss.To simplify the contact with one from DE 38 26 799 A1 known ultrasonic transducer, in particular for Distance warning systems in motor vehicles, instead of a selective one Solder connection also a selective adhesive contact provided in which a lead wire piece by means of a Conductive adhesive is permanently contacted with the piezo element. With this simplification of contacting, however, none Simplification of the assembly of such a transducer has been achieved, especially since it resembles a coil spring in its end area trained lead wire piece in one in an additional Plug to be inserted rivet must be fixed.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen besonders einfach aufgebauten und einfach montierbaren Schallkopf, insbesondere Ultraschallkopf, anzugeben.The invention is therefore based on the object, one in particular simply constructed and easy to assemble transducer, in particular ultrasound head to specify.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1. Dabei weist der Schallkopf in einem Gehäuse ein Innensystem auf, das aus einem bodenseitig angeordneten und mit einer Anschlußfahne verbundenen Piezoelement sowie aus einem darüberliegenden Dämpfungskörper aufgebaut ist, und das mittels eines arretierbaren Sicherungselements im Gehäuse eingespannt ist. Das Piezoelement ist in das Gehäuse eingeklebt, wobei der Kleber vorteilhafterweise leitfähig und elastisch ist. Dabei ist zwischen dem Gehäuse und dem Piezoelement einerseits und zwischen diesem und der Anschlußfahne andererseits jeweils eine leitfähige und elastische Klebefuge vorgesehen. Der Kleber dient somit als elektrische Anbindung und akustische Ankopplung zwischen Gehäuse, Piezoelement und Anschlußfahne. Er bildet darüber hinaus eine elastische Fuge zwischen dem Gehäuse und dem Piezoelement, deren Materialien unterschiedliche Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten aufweisen.This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. The transducer has in a housing an interior system that consists of a floor-side and piezo element connected to a connecting lug and is constructed from an overlying damping body, and that by means of a lockable securing element in the housing is clamped. The piezo element is glued into the housing, the adhesive advantageously being conductive and elastic is. It is between the housing and the piezo element on the one hand and between this and the connecting lug on the other each with a conductive and elastic adhesive joint intended. The adhesive thus serves as an electrical connection and acoustic coupling between housing, piezo element and Terminal lug. It also forms an elastic joint between the housing and the piezo element, their materials have different coefficients of thermal expansion.

Das Piezoelement und der Dämpfungskörper sind zwischen der Bodenseite des Gehäuses und einer Andruckscheibe eingeklemmt. Dabei ist das auf der dem Dämpfungskörper abgewandten Seite der Andruckscheibe vorgesehene Sicherungselement in Form eines Sicherungsringes ausgebildet, der in ein Gehäusestrukturteil, z.B. in eine Gehäuseinnennut oder gegen eine Schulterkontur innerhalb des Gehäuses, einrastbar ist. Der Sicherungsring dient somit zur Arretierung des vorgespannten Innensystems aus Piezoelement und Dämpfungskörper.The piezo element and the damping body are between the Pinched bottom of the housing and a pressure plate. This is on the side facing away from the damping body the pressure plate provided securing element in the form a locking ring formed in a housing structural part, e.g. in a housing inner groove or against one Shoulder contour inside the housing, can be snapped into place. The Circlip thus serves to lock the preloaded Inner system consisting of piezo element and damping body.

Die elektrische Verbindung des Piezoelements erfolgt über einen Masseanschluß und einen Signalanschluß. Dazu ist die Masseanschlußseite des Piezoelements zweckmäßigerweise mit dem Gehäuseboden kontaktiert. An die gegenüberliegende Signalanschlußseite des Piezoelements ist dann die Anschlußfahne angeschlossen, die dort vorzugsweise aufgeklebt ist.The electrical connection of the piezo element takes place via a Ground connection and a signal connection. For this is the ground connection side of the piezo element expediently with the Contacted case back. On the opposite signal connection side the connecting lug of the piezo element is then connected, which is preferably glued there.

In besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist die Anschlußfahne dezentral angeordnet. Dabei ist die Anschlußfahne in einem durch den Dämpfungskörper und durch das Sicherungselement geführten Isolierschlauch angeordnet. Dieser ist seinerseits innerhalb des Gehäuses seitlich und koaxial verlaufend angeordnet. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the connection lug is arranged decentrally. The connection lug is in one guided by the damping body and by the securing element Insulated hose arranged. This is in turn arranged laterally and coaxially within the housing.

Der Dämpfungskörper dient zur rückwärtigen Bedämpfung des keramischen Piezoelements. Er erhöht außerdem die Druckstabilität von der Mediumseite auf den Schallkopf. Der Dämpfungskörper dichtet weiterhin die Piezokeramik hermetisch gegen Umwelteinflüsse ab, wozu er vorzugsweise bodenseitig eine Ausnehmung zur Aufnahme des Piezoelements aufweist. Ferner dient der Dämpfungskörper zum Ausgleichen von z.B. durch Temperaturwechsel hervorgerufenen Materialspannungen.The damping body serves for the rear damping of the ceramic Piezo element. It also increases pressure stability from the medium side to the transducer. The damping body continues to hermetically seal the piezoceramic against environmental influences from what he preferably has a recess on the bottom for receiving the piezo element. It also serves the damping body for balancing e.g. due to temperature changes induced material stresses.

Das Gehäuse ist vorteilhafterweise ein materialsparend aufgebautes Aufnahmeteil geringer Aufbauhöhe. Es weist eine trichterförmige abgestufte Innenkontur auf, so daß die Einzelteile des Innensystems, nämlich das Piezoelement und der Dämpfungskörper sowie gegebenenfalls die Andruckscheibe, in unverwechselbarer Reihenfolge in das Aufnahmeteil eingesetzt sowie anschließend mittels des Sicherungsring eingeklemmt und gehalten werden können. Dabei weist der Dämpfungskörper zur Zentrierung der Andruckscheibe ein Zentrierungsformteil - z. B. einen angeformten Zapfen - auf, der in eine komplementäre Öffnung in der Andruckscheibe eingreift.The housing is advantageously a material-saving design Receiving part of low construction height. It has a funnel shape graduated inner contour so that the individual parts of the inner system, namely the piezo element and the damping body and, if necessary, the pressure plate, in a distinctive Order inserted in the receiving part and then clamped and held by means of the locking ring can be. The damping body has centering the pressure plate a centering molding - z. B. a molded spigot - on that in a complementary Opening engages in the pressure plate.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß durch Einspannen des im wesentlichen aus einem Piezoelement und einem Dämpfungskörper aufgebauten Innensystems eines Schallkopfes innerhalb eines Aufnahmeteils mittels eines arretierbaren Sicherungselements eine einfache und rationelle Montage des Innensystems durch wenige und einfach zu fügende Teile ermöglicht ist. Die Montage des Innensystems mittels des Sicherungselements in Form eines Sicherungsringes und einer Andruckscheibe ermöglicht somit eine einfache und kostengünstige Innenstruktur sowie eine Minimierung der Aufbauhöhe des Aufnahmeteils durch Materialreduzierung. Die ein Stanzteil darstellende Andruckscheibe ist besonders kostengünstig und einfach herzustellen. Ebenfalls kostengünstig herzustellen ist der Dämpfungskörper, da dieser als einfaches Formteil ausgeführt sein kann. The advantages achieved with the invention are in particular in that by clamping the essentially from a Piezo element and a damping body constructed inner system of a transducer within a recording part by means of a lockable securing element a simple and rational installation of the interior system by few and simple parts to be joined is possible. The assembly of the interior system by means of the locking element in the form of a locking ring and a pressure plate thus enables a simple and cost-effective interior structure and a minimization of the installation height of the receiving part through material reduction. The A The pressure plate which is a stamped part is particularly cost-effective and easy to manufacture. Also inexpensive The damping body is to be produced, since it is simple Molding can be executed.

Einen wesentlichen Vorteil stellt die seitliche Ausführung der Anschlußfahne dar, da somit eine vollflächige ungestörte Dämpfung des Piezoelements gewährleistet ist. Der Aufbau des Innensystems ermöglicht darüber hinaus eine direkte Kontaktierung der Signalseite des Piezoelements ohne kritische Übergangswiderstände. Weiter wird ein besonders kurzes Einund/oder Ausschwingen bei Erregung des Piezoelements sowie ein besonders gutes Stör-/Nutzsignalverhältnis erreicht. Ferner sind aufgrund der durch Einklemmen mittels des Sicherungsrings hervorgerufenen und damit durch die Kompression des Dämpfungskörpers bewirkten Druckkräfte auf das Piezoelement in Bezug auf den Kleber nur geringe Klebkräfte erforderlich.The side design is a major advantage the connecting lug, since it is a full-surface undisturbed Damping of the piezo element is guaranteed. The structure of the The interior system also enables direct contact the signal side of the piezo element without critical Contact resistance. Next is a particularly short one and / or Decay when the piezo element is excited and achieved a particularly good interference / useful signal ratio. Further are due to the pinching by means of the locking ring caused and thus by the compression of the damping body caused compressive forces on the piezo element only low adhesive forces required with regard to the adhesive.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, weitere Vorteile und Details werden anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigt die Figur 1 einen Schallkopf im Längsschnitt mit in einem Aufnahmeteil eingeklemmtem Innensystem. Figur 2 zeigt eine Anschlußfahne in einer räumlichen Darstellung.An embodiment of the invention, further advantages and Details are explained in more detail using a drawing. In this 1 shows a transducer in longitudinal section with in a Receiving part of clamped inner system. Figure 2 shows a connection flag in a spatial representation.

Der Schallkopf 1 ist z.B. ein Ultraschallempfänger oder Ultraschallsender zur Messung des Durchflusses und/oder der Geschwindigkeit eines beispielsweise in einer Rohrleitung strömenden Mediums. Er umfaßt ein Aufnahmeteil 2 als Gehäuse oder Einbaukörper für ein Innensystem 3. Das Aufnahmeteil 2 dient darüber hinaus als Befestigungssystem des Schallkopfes 1 innerhalb eines (nicht dargestellten) Durchflußmeßsystems. Es dient weiter zur Abschottung gegen das zu messende Medium. Das Aufnahmeteil 2 dient ferner als Masseanschluß eines Piezoelements 4 in Form einer Piezokeramik, das ein Teil des Innensystems 3 des Schallkopfes 1 ist.The transducer 1 is e.g. an ultrasound receiver or ultrasound transmitter to measure flow and / or speed one flowing, for example, in a pipeline Medium. It comprises a receiving part 2 as a housing or Installation body for an interior system 3. The receiving part 2 serves moreover as a fastening system of the transducer 1 within a (not shown) flow measuring system. It also serves to seal off the medium to be measured. The receiving part 2 also serves as a ground connection of a piezo element 4 in the form of a piezoceramic that forms part of the interior system 3 of the transducer 1.

Zur Bildung des Masseanschlusses ist das Piezoelement 4 mit der Bodenseite 5 des Aufnahmeteils 2 verklebt. Dazu ist zwischen der entsprechenden Masseanschlußseite 4a des Piezoelements 4 und der Bodenseite 5 des Aufnahmeteils 2 eine Klebeschicht oder Klebefuge 6 aus einem leitfähig eingestellten Kleber vorgesehen, die gleichzeitig als elastische Fuge dient. Auf die der Bodenseite 5 des Aufnahmeteils 2 abgewandten Signalanschlußseite 4b des Piezoelements 4 ist eine Anschlußfahne 8 geführt, die dort mit ihrem löffelartigen Kontaktende 7 kontaktiert ist. Dabei stellt die Anschlußfahne 8 über eine weitere leitende Klebefuge 9 den galvanischen Kontakt zwischen dem Piezoelement 4 und einer (nicht dargestellten) Elektronik her.To form the ground connection, the piezo element 4 is included glued to the bottom side 5 of the receiving part 2. This is between the corresponding ground connection side 4a of the piezo element 4 and the bottom side 5 of the receiving part 2 an adhesive layer or adhesive joint 6 from a conductive set Adhesive provided at the same time as an elastic joint serves. On the bottom side 5 of the receiving part 2 facing away Signal connection side 4b of the piezo element 4 is a connection lug 8 out there with their spoon-like contact end 7 is contacted. The connecting lug 8 the galvanic contact via a further conductive adhesive joint 9 between the piezo element 4 and a (not shown) Electronics.

Wesentlich für die beidseitige Verklebung des Piezoelements 4 ist auch, daß eine vollflächige Verklebung ohne Einschluß von Gasblasen erfolgt. Die Verklebung erfolgt daher bevorzugt unter Druckeinwirkung und unter Vakuum.Essential for gluing the piezo element 4 on both sides is also that a full-surface gluing without inclusion of Gas bubbles occur. The bonding is therefore preferably under Pressure and under vacuum.

Figur 2 zeigt die Anschlußfahne 8 im Detail. Sie ist bevorzugt aus einem einstückigen Metallstück, z.B. Kupfer, hergestellt und weist ein Kontaktende 7 auf, das zur Kontaktierung auf dem Piezoelement 4 aufgeklebt ist.Figure 2 shows the terminal lug 8 in detail. It is preferred from a one-piece piece of metal, e.g. Copper, manufactured and has a contact end 7, which for contacting is glued to the piezo element 4.

Piezoelemente weisen in der Regel zur Kontaktierung auf ihrer Oberseite aufgedampfte Anschlußelektroden auf. Mit diesen Anschlußelektroden muß ein elektrischer Kontakt hergestellt werden. Die vorliegende Anschlußfahne 8 weist daher ein Kontaktende 7 auf, das zumindest annähernd die Form des Piezoelements 4 aufweist und somit großflächig auf der Masseanschlußseite 4a das Piezoelement 4 kontaktiert. Somit ist eine sehr gute Kontaktierung gegeben, wobei das Schwingungsverhalten des Piezoelements 4 nicht beeinträchtigt wird. Dies betrifft insbesondere den zentralen Bereich des Piezoelements 4, in dem sich in der Regel ein Schwingungsbauch bei einer Signalansteuerung ausbildet. Bei einem zentralen Anschluß gemäß dem genannten Stand der Technik wird dieser Schwingungsbauch stark gedämpft, was die Schwingungsausbreitung behindert. Bei der vorliegenden Anschlußfahne 8 ist ein freies Schwingen des Piezoelements 4 gewährleistet. Piezo elements usually have contact on them Vaporized connecting electrodes on top. With these connection electrodes an electrical contact must be made become. The present terminal lug 8 therefore has a contact end 7, which is at least approximately the shape of the piezo element 4 and thus over a large area on the ground connection side 4a contacts the piezo element 4. So is one very good contacting given the vibration behavior of the piezo element 4 is not impaired. this concerns in particular the central area of the piezo element 4, in which there is usually an antinode at one Training signal control. With a central connection according to this antinode becomes the prior art strongly damped, which hinders the propagation of vibrations. In the present connection lug 8 there is a free one Swinging of the piezo element 4 ensures.

Oberhalb des Piezoelements 4, d.h. auf dessen Signalanschlußseite 4b, ist ein Dämpfungskörper 10 als weiteres Teil des Innensystems 3 des Schallkopfes 1 im Aufnahmeteil 2 angeordnet. Der das Piezoelement 4 bedämpfende Dämpfungskörper 10 dient zur Erhöhung der Druckstabilität gegenüber dem auf den Schallkopf 1 einwirkenden Strömungsmedium M und dichtet das Piezoelement 4 hermetisch gegen den Außenraum ab. Der Dämpfungskörper 10 weist auf der der Bodenseite 5 zugewandten Seite eine das Piezoelement 4 mindestens teilweise umschließende Ausnehmung 11 zur Positionierung des Piezoelements 4 innerhalb des Aufnahmeteils 2 auf.Above the piezo element 4, i.e. on its signal connection side 4b, is a damping body 10 as another part of the Interior system 3 of the transducer 1 is arranged in the receiving part 2. The damping body 10 damping the piezo element 4 serves to increase the pressure stability compared to that on the Transducer 1 acting flow medium M and seals it Piezo element 4 hermetically against the outside. The damping body 10 points on the bottom side 5 facing Side at least partially enclosing the piezo element 4 Recess 11 for positioning the piezo element 4 within the receiving part 2.

Auf der der Ausnehmung 11 gegenüberliegenden Seite des Dämpfungskörpers 10 ist ein Zapfen 12 angeformt, der durch eine komplementäre Öffnung 13 in einer Andruckscheibe 14 hindurchragt. Der Zapfen 12 dient als Zentrierungsformteil für die Andruckscheibe 14 innerhalb des Aufnahmeteils 2. Auf der dem Dämpfungskörper 10 abgewandten Seite der Andruckscheibe 14 ist ein Sicherungselement 15 in Form eines Sicherungsringes vorgesehen, der zur montagefreundlichen Arretierung des gesamten vorgespannten Innensystems 3 dient. Dazu liegt der Sicherungsring 15 im eingerasteten Zustand in einer Nut 16 des Aufnahmeteils 2. Alternativ kann dort auch eine der Bodenseite 5 zugewandte Schulter an der Innenwand des Aufnahmeteils 14 vorgesehen sein.On the side of the damping body opposite the recess 11 10 is a pin 12 formed by a Complementary opening 13 protrudes in a pressure plate 14. The pin 12 serves as a centering for the Pressure plate 14 within the receiving part 2. On the Damping body 10 facing away from the pressure plate 14 is a locking element 15 in the form of a locking ring provided that for the assembly-friendly locking of the entire biased interior system 3 is used. In addition, the locking ring is located 15 in the locked state in a groove 16 of the Receiving part 2. Alternatively, there can also be one of the bottom side 5 facing shoulder on the inner wall of the receiving part 14 may be provided.

Während der arretierbare Sicherungsring 15 zum Einspannen des Innensystems 3 in das Aufnahmeteil 2 dient, bewirkt die Andruckscheibe 14 eine gleichmäßige Druckverteilung auf den komprimiert eingebauten Dämpfungskörper 10. Das Innensystem 3 umfaßt hierbei zusätzlich zu dem Piezoelement 4 und dem Dämpfungskörper 10 sowie der Anschlußfahne 8 auch die Andruckscheibe 14 und den Sicherungsring 15.During the lockable retaining ring 15 for clamping the Interior system 3 serves in the receiving part 2, causes the pressure plate 14 an even pressure distribution on the compresses built-in damping body 10. The inner system 3 includes in addition to the piezo element 4 and the Damping body 10 and the connecting lug 8 also the pressure plate 14 and the circlip 15.

Um beim Einspannen oder Einklemmen des Innensystems 3 in das Aufnahmeteil 2 eine vollflächige ungestörte Dämpfung des Piezoelements 4 zu gewährleisten, ist die (gegebenenfalls zum Aufnahmeteil 2 und zum Innensystem 3 koaxiale) Anschlußfahne 8 seitlich und somit dezentral aus dem Aufnahmeteil 2 herausgeführt. Die Anschlußfahne 8 ist von einem Isolierschlauch 17 ummantelt, der ebenfalls Teil des Innensystems 3 ist. Dadurch ist ein ungewollter Kurzschluß zwischen Masseund Signalanschluß des Piezoelements 4 sicher vermieden.To when clamping or clamping the inner system 3 in the Recording part 2 a full-surface undisturbed damping of the piezo element 4, the (if applicable to Receiving part 2 and 3 coaxial to the inner system) connecting lug 8 led out laterally and thus decentrally from the receiving part 2. The connection lug 8 is of an insulating tube 17 encased, which is also part of the interior system 3 is. This creates an unwanted short circuit between ground and Signal connection of the piezo element 4 safely avoided.

Der Dämpfungskörper 10 hat vorliegend mehrere Funktionen. Zum einen dichtet er das Piezoelement 4 gegenüber der Außenatmosphäre gas- und flüssigkeitsdicht ab. Zum anderen erzeugt er einen Gegendruck gegenüber den von außen auf den Boden 5 einwirkenden Druck des umgebenden Mediums. Derartige Schallköpfe sind in der Praxis beispielsweise für Temperaturbereiche von -20 bis 180°C und für Drücke von 0 bis 60 bar ausgelegt. Bei einer dicken Auslegung des Bodens 5 kann das Schallsignal schlecht in das Medium übertragen werden. Ein dünner Boden 5 könnte hingegen von dem umgebenden Druck zerstört werden. Vorliegend wird der dünn dimensionierte Boden 5 über das Piezoelement 4 von dem Dämpfungskörper 10 gegenüber dem Gehäuse 2 abgestützt, wodurch der Außendruck abgefangen wird.The damping body 10 has several functions in the present case. To the one he seals the piezo element 4 from the outside atmosphere gas and liquid tight. On the other hand, it creates a back pressure compared to those acting on the bottom 5 from the outside Pressure of the surrounding medium. Such transducers are in practice, for example, for temperature ranges from -20 to 180 ° C and designed for pressures from 0 to 60 bar. at a thick interpretation of the bottom 5 can the sound signal poorly transmitted into the medium. A thin bottom 5 could be destroyed by the surrounding pressure. In the present case, the thinly dimensioned base 5 is placed over the piezo element 4 of the damping body 10 relative to the housing 2 supported, whereby the external pressure is absorbed.

Der Dämpfungskörper 10 ist bevorzugt um ca. 30% seines Volumens im Einbauzustand zusammengepreßt. Diese Bemessung erfolgt in der Regel unter Berücksichtigung der den Schallkopf 1 umgebenden Temperaturschwankungen. Der Boden 5 weist bevorzugt eine Dicke von 0,5 bis 0,7 mm, insbesondere eine Dicke von 0,1 bis 2 mm, auf.The damping body 10 is preferably around 30% of its volume pressed together when installed. This dimensioning is done usually taking into account the transducer 1 surrounding temperature fluctuations. The bottom 5 preferably has a thickness of 0.5 to 0.7 mm, in particular a thickness from 0.1 to 2 mm.

Selbstverständlich beinhaltet der Dämpfungskörper 10 auch die Funktion der rückwärtigen Schwingungsdämpfung, wodurch Schallwellen, die nach hinten abgegeben werden, absorbiert werden. Weiterhin erfüllt der Dämpfungskörper 10 auch die Aufgabe einer gleichmäßigen Druck- und Lastverteilung auf das Piezoelement 4.Of course, the damping body 10 also includes the Function of the rear vibration damping, whereby Sound waves emitted to the rear are absorbed become. Furthermore, the damping body 10 also fulfills the Task of an even pressure and load distribution on the Piezo element 4.

Durch den Einbau des Dämpfungskörpers 10 unter Druck und unter Verringerung seines Volumens erfolgt eine mikroskopische Verschweißung seiner Oberfläche mit der rückseitigen Fläche des Kontaktendes 7, wodurch ebenfalls im Hinblick auf die oben angegebenen Funktionen ein günstiger Aufbau gegeben ist. Es ist daher auch festzuhalten, daß der - bei oberflächlicher Betrachtung - einfache Aufbau eine Vielzahl von Details beinhaltet, die in Summe synergetisch wirken, wodurch gute Betriebsdaten bei einfacher Fertigung, wenigen Teilen und damit geringen Fertigungskosten erzielt sind.By installing the damping body 10 under pressure and under Reducing its volume is done microscopically Welding its surface to the back surface of the contact end 7, which also with respect to the Above functions are given a favorable structure. It should therefore also be noted that the - at superficial Consideration - simple structure includes a variety of details which have a synergistic effect, resulting in good operating data with simple production, few parts and therefore low manufacturing costs are achieved.

Der besonders einfache Aufbau des Innensystems 3 ermöglicht einen einfachen und montagefreundlichen Zusammenbau des Schallkopfes 1, da nach Einsetzen der Einzelteile 4, 8, 10 und 14 des Innensystems 3 lediglich ein Einrasten des Sicherungsrings 15 erfolgt. Insgesamt ist eine einfache und rationelle Montage des Innensystems 3 durch wenige und einfach zu fügende Teile ermöglicht. Die einfache und fehlersichere Montage wird darüber hinaus durch die aus der Figur ersichtliche abgestufte Innenkontur des Gehäuses oder Aufnahmeteils 2 unterstützt. Zur Realisierung eines "low-cost"-Aufnahmeteils 2 kann dies auch bezüglich der axialen Länge kleiner ausgestaltet sein, so daß der oberhalb der gestrichelten Linie liegende Bereich des Aufnahmeteils 2 entfallen kann.The particularly simple construction of the inner system 3 enables a simple and easy to assemble the Transducer 1, since after inserting the individual parts 4, 8, 10 and 14 of the inner system 3 only a snap-in of the locking ring 15 takes place. Overall, it is simple and rational Assembly of the interior system 3 by few and easy to joining parts. The simple and fail-safe installation is also shown by the figure graduated inner contour of the housing or receiving part 2 supports. To implement a "low-cost" receiving part 2 this can also be made smaller with respect to the axial length be so that the one above the dashed line Area of the receiving part 2 can be omitted.

Claims (8)

  1. A sonic transducer, in particular an ultrasonic transducer, with an internal system (3) in a housing (2), the internal system (3) being constructed from a piezoelectric element (4) arranged on the base and connected to a connection lug (8) and also from a damping body (10) situated above it and being clamped in the housing (2) by means of a locking element (15), the piezoelectric element (4) being connected to the base (5) of the housing by a first connection side (4a) and being contacted with the connection lug (8) on the opposite, second connection side (4b) thereof, characterised in that the piezoelectric element (4) is adhesion-bonded on both sides, forming an adhesive joint (6, 9, respectively) extending over the respective connection side (4a, 4b) and consisting of a conductive adhesive.
  2. Sonic transducer according to Claim 1, wherein the respective adhesive joint (6, 9) is elastic.
  3. Sonic transducer according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the connection lug (8) is arranged in decentralised manner.
  4. Sonic transducer according to one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the connection lug (8) is arranged in an insulating tubing (17) which is guided through the internal system (3).
  5. Sonic transducer according to one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the piezoelectric element (4) and the damping body (10) situated above it are clamped between the base (5) of the housing and a pressure disc (14), the locking element (15) being provided on the side of the pressure disc (14) facing away from the damping body (10) in the form of an element capable of latching in a structural part (16) of the housing.
  6. Sonic transducer according to one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the damping body (10) exhibits on the base a recess (11) for receiving the piezoelectric element (4).
  7. Sonic transducer according to one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the housing (2) exhibits an internal contour which is stepped in the direction towards the base (5) of the housing.
  8. Sonic transducer according to one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the damping body (10) exhibits a centring moulding (12) which is complementary to an opening (13) in the pressure disc (14).
EP98102214A 1997-02-12 1998-02-09 Sonic head Expired - Lifetime EP0858844B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19705321 1997-02-12
DE19705321 1997-02-12

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EP0858844A2 EP0858844A2 (en) 1998-08-19
EP0858844A3 EP0858844A3 (en) 2000-10-04
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102449850A (en) * 2009-04-13 2012-05-09 丹尼尔度量和控制公司 Transducer having a robust electrical connection to a piezoelectric crystal

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DE10047383C1 (en) * 2000-09-25 2001-11-08 Siemens Ag Ultrasonic flowmeter has relatively spaced ultrasonic heads each provided with associated reflector for ultrasonic waves
DE102005001899B4 (en) * 2005-01-14 2007-03-08 Landis+Gyr Gmbh ultrasound probe
DK1701140T3 (en) 2005-03-11 2013-02-04 Landis & Gyr Gmbh Ultrasonic Measurement channel
DK1731883T3 (en) 2005-06-10 2012-02-27 Landis & Gyr Gmbh Method for detecting a geometry change by an ultrasonic flow channel
DE102012014810A1 (en) * 2012-07-26 2014-01-30 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Ultrasonic sensor device

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US3890423A (en) * 1973-07-27 1975-06-17 Nusonics Electroacoustic transducer assembly
JPS5832559B2 (en) * 1979-07-04 1983-07-13 株式会社 モリタ製作所 Transmission method of aerial ultrasonic pulses and ultrasonic transceiver equipment used therefor
JPH0749914Y2 (en) * 1986-01-29 1995-11-13 株式会社村田製作所 Ultrasonic transducer
DE3826799C2 (en) * 1988-08-06 1995-08-31 Teves Gmbh Alfred Ultrasonic transducer
JPH02138889A (en) * 1988-11-18 1990-05-28 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Transmitter-receiver of ultrasonic wave
JPH07114383A (en) * 1993-10-15 1995-05-02 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Piezoelectric buzzer

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102449850A (en) * 2009-04-13 2012-05-09 丹尼尔度量和控制公司 Transducer having a robust electrical connection to a piezoelectric crystal

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DK0858844T3 (en) 2002-10-07
ATE219276T1 (en) 2002-06-15
EP0858844A3 (en) 2000-10-04
EP0858844A2 (en) 1998-08-19

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