EP0857225A1 - Electrocatalyser solution - Google Patents
Electrocatalyser solutionInfo
- Publication number
- EP0857225A1 EP0857225A1 EP96934830A EP96934830A EP0857225A1 EP 0857225 A1 EP0857225 A1 EP 0857225A1 EP 96934830 A EP96934830 A EP 96934830A EP 96934830 A EP96934830 A EP 96934830A EP 0857225 A1 EP0857225 A1 EP 0857225A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- water
- reactions
- electrocatalyser
- hydrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/08—Fuel cells with aqueous electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrocatalyser so ⁇ lution for use in physical and/or organic electrochemis- try, whose applications producing and/or consuming elec ⁇ tric energy include e.g. new fusion energy and/or the generation and/or storage and/or use and/or liquid crys ⁇ tal use of galvanic electric current.
- Prior-art electrochemical solutions and their solution technique are represented e.g. by electrolytes and pat ⁇ ent classes B OU 031/00 and C 25B 001/02 - 001/04 etc.
- Prior-art electrolytes and solution technique are repre- sented e.g. by potash water electrolyte which is in ground state and is a 1:1 electrolyte, which has disso ⁇ ciated into ionic state, a drawback of which is said - ground state, by reason of which the activation of solu ⁇ tion reactions requires a high electric voltage, which is due to high polarisation overvoltages, a consequence of which is that the solution has a low conductance and the reactions are slow.
- the object of the invention is to achieve a solution which eliminates the drawbacks de ⁇ scribed above and is based on improved solution tech ⁇ nique.
- a special advantage achieved by the invention and the solution technique of the invention is that the solution reactions take place with a di/de polarisation under- voltage, which catalyses the reaction of water (“electrolysis”) and its inverse reaction as well as other reactions in which the solution is used, resulting in a higher reaction speed and a better conductance.
- electrolysis the reaction of water
- the in ⁇ vention is mainly characterized by the facts presented in claim 1.
- the electrocatalyser solution of the invention repre ⁇ sents a new and original solution and solution technique in electrochemistry. It is characterized by the working substances and solution technique presented in the fol ⁇ lowing example.
- the structural hydrogen in the solution compounds is protonium hydro ⁇ gen
- deuterium and tritium hydrogen is used when more slowness is desired and/or for hydrogenation, especially for fusion reaction applications.
- Example 1 An electrocatalyser solution, which has been prepared as follows and 25% ammonia-water solution has been used, the amount of which is 68 g, which is mixed with water and 208 g of aluminium hydroxides and the re ⁇ quired quantity of water is used to obtain a total vol ⁇ ume of 1 dm 3 , the substances used form an ammonia hy ⁇ droxide - aluminium trihydroxide - hydrate water solu ⁇ tion, the solution is balanced and the above-mentioned molecule group/groups have catalyser properties when ex ⁇ posed to an electric voltage, the properties also extend to the electrodes used, so these function at a di/de po ⁇ larisation undervoltage, which is a result of the solu ⁇ tion technique, the molecule group is bidirectional, in the direction of the electric field.
- part of the solution technique is the fact that the solution is not in ground state and that the relationship between solution substances in moles is as follows, NH 3 1: 2.67 Al(OH) 3 , which is the basis for the unique catalytic effect of the substances occurring in water solution, the relationship between the substances can also be different, but still the so- lution must not be in ground state.
- Part of the solution technique is also the fact that water and water reac ⁇ tions are used as means for energy transfer, as yield and/or working substances, the solution reactions con- sume and/or produce water, depending on the practical application and on whether a water, oxide, hydroxide or hydrogen reaction is used, catalysed reactions are in all applications H + and/or OH " reactions.
- catalysers are not subject to wear or change, the bal ⁇ ance is always the same before and after reactions, the solution exposed to voltage can be divided into anions and/or cations, all possible forms of molecules can par ⁇ ticipate in the reactions and be temporarily changed, being then restored, different forms are ammonia, ammo ⁇ nia hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, hydrates, alumi ⁇ nates, aluminium ion, hydroxide ion and water ammonia dimer.
- the invention When the invention is compared with the prior-art potash water electrolyte, it can be state that the invention eliminates all the known drawbacks.
- the things that are outside the sphere of the invention such as electrodes, it can be stated that there are no known electrodes that are not applicable for use with a solu ⁇ tion as provided by the invention, only the purpose of use may form an obstacle, examples of electrodes that work particularly well are aluminium and copper elec ⁇ trodes, it is also possible to use ox- ide/hydroxide/liquid crystal reactant water solutions together with the solution.
- solution substances and solution technique are an inven ⁇ tion which is not restricted to the example and its functionality test, but it can be widely used and ap ⁇ plied for various purposes within the scope of the claims.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electrocatalyser solution for use in physical and/or organic electrochemistry, prior-art solutions are electrolytes requiring a high extra electric voltage, which is why the reactions are slow and the conductance is low, the invention eliminates these drawbacks by catalysing the solution reactions, the invention is characterized by its solution technique and solution substances, ammonia, water and aluminium hydroxides, and that the compound structure hydrogen of the water and other compounds in the solution can be protonium and/or deuterium and/or tritium hydrogen.
Description
ELECTROCATALYSER SOLUTION
The present invention relates to an electrocatalyser so¬ lution for use in physical and/or organic electrochemis- try, whose applications producing and/or consuming elec¬ tric energy include e.g. new fusion energy and/or the generation and/or storage and/or use and/or liquid crys¬ tal use of galvanic electric current.
Prior-art electrochemical solutions and their solution technique are represented e.g. by electrolytes and pat¬ ent classes B OU 031/00 and C 25B 001/02 - 001/04 etc.
Prior-art electrolytes and solution technique are repre- sented e.g. by potash water electrolyte which is in ground state and is a 1:1 electrolyte, which has disso¬ ciated into ionic state, a drawback of which is said - ground state, by reason of which the activation of solu¬ tion reactions requires a high electric voltage, which is due to high polarisation overvoltages, a consequence of which is that the solution has a low conductance and the reactions are slow.
As compared with the prior-art solution and the solution technique involved, the object of the invention is to achieve a solution which eliminates the drawbacks de¬ scribed above and is based on improved solution tech¬ nique.
A special advantage achieved by the invention and the solution technique of the invention is that the solution reactions take place with a di/de polarisation under- voltage, which catalyses the reaction of water ("electrolysis") and its inverse reaction as well as other reactions in which the solution is used, resulting in a higher reaction speed and a better conductance.
In order to achieve the effect described above, the in¬ vention is mainly characterized by the facts presented in claim 1.
In the following, the invention is described in detail.
The electrocatalyser solution of the invention repre¬ sents a new and original solution and solution technique in electrochemistry. It is characterized by the working substances and solution technique presented in the fol¬ lowing example. In the example, in which the structural hydrogen in the solution compounds is protonium hydro¬ gen, deuterium and tritium hydrogen is used when more slowness is desired and/or for hydrogenation, especially for fusion reaction applications.
Example 1. An electrocatalyser solution, which has been prepared as follows and 25% ammonia-water solution has been used, the amount of which is 68 g, which is mixed with water and 208 g of aluminium hydroxides and the re¬ quired quantity of water is used to obtain a total vol¬ ume of 1 dm3, the substances used form an ammonia hy¬ droxide - aluminium trihydroxide - hydrate water solu¬ tion, the solution is balanced and the above-mentioned molecule group/groups have catalyser properties when ex¬ posed to an electric voltage, the properties also extend to the electrodes used, so these function at a di/de po¬ larisation undervoltage, which is a result of the solu¬ tion technique, the molecule group is bidirectional, in the direction of the electric field.
In this application, part of the solution technique is the fact that the solution is not in ground state and that the relationship between solution substances in moles is as follows, NH3 1: 2.67 Al(OH)3 , which is the basis for the unique catalytic effect of the substances occurring in water solution, the relationship between the substances can also be different, but still the so-
lution must not be in ground state. Part of the solution technique is also the fact that water and water reac¬ tions are used as means for energy transfer, as yield and/or working substances, the solution reactions con- sume and/or produce water, depending on the practical application and on whether a water, oxide, hydroxide or hydrogen reaction is used, catalysed reactions are in all applications H+ and/or OH" reactions.
The catalysers which produce catalysis reactions when exposed to a voltage are presented below in an outspread form, for the sake of clarity and multi-function orien¬ tation, there are no requirements as to the direction of the electric field, the solution can function in all di- rections.
+ Al (OH)3 + 3 H20 or .H20 + NH3 + H+ + OH" + Al(OH)3 + 3 H20 + .H20 or
<_→ <__> Al(OH)3 + 3 H20 +
< > <
catalysers are not subject to wear or change, the bal¬ ance is always the same before and after reactions, the solution exposed to voltage can be divided into anions and/or cations, all possible forms of molecules can par¬ ticipate in the reactions and be temporarily changed, being then restored, different forms are ammonia, ammo¬ nia hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, hydrates, alumi¬ nates, aluminium ion, hydroxide ion and water ammonia dimer.
The below water reaction and its inverse version are special reactions of the invention and the catalytic properties of the solution substances is tested using the best and most reliable method, hydrogen electrode and electrolysis reaction of water, 2 H20 + 2 e → 2 OH" + H2 the known value of the reaction is -08277 V
with a potash water electrolyte the value is over -0.828 V in practical applications -0.95 ... -1.20 V. Below is an application of a functional test of example 1, solution,
Pt(plat) I H2(l atm.) I example 1,solution | Pt(plat)
in this test a sufficiently high voltage guaranteed to ensure a good result has been used, which is -0.726 V the theoretic limit value for the reaction and catalysis is -0626 V. catalysed results concerned are all results that are below -0.8277 V.
When the invention is compared with the prior-art potash water electrolyte, it can be state that the invention eliminates all the known drawbacks. As for the things that are outside the sphere of the invention, such as electrodes, it can be stated that there are no known electrodes that are not applicable for use with a solu¬ tion as provided by the invention, only the purpose of use may form an obstacle, examples of electrodes that work particularly well are aluminium and copper elec¬ trodes, it is also possible to use ox- ide/hydroxide/liquid crystal reactant water solutions together with the solution.
Investigations have not revealed any bar of novelty or inventive level, and the solution can be industrially exploited and has special properties for many purposes.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the solution substances and solution technique are an inven¬ tion which is not restricted to the example and its functionality test, but it can be widely used and ap¬ plied for various purposes within the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. Electrocatalyser solution, characterized in that the solution consists of ammonia, water and aluminium hy- droxides.
2. Electrocatalyser solution as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the compound structure hydrogen of the water and other compounds in the solution can be protonium and/or deuterium and/or tritium hydrogen.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI954902 | 1995-10-16 | ||
| FI954902A FI954902A (en) | 1995-10-16 | 1995-10-16 | Electrical catalyst solution |
| PCT/FI1996/000541 WO1997014824A1 (en) | 1995-10-16 | 1996-10-15 | Electrocatalyser solution |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0857225A1 true EP0857225A1 (en) | 1998-08-12 |
Family
ID=8544193
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96934830A Withdrawn EP0857225A1 (en) | 1995-10-16 | 1996-10-15 | Electrocatalyser solution |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0857225A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH11513748A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI954902A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997014824A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2085478B (en) * | 1980-10-17 | 1983-08-03 | British Petroleum Co | Akaline anodic activation of chlorine anodes |
| US4670122A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1987-06-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Low over-voltage electrodes for alkaline electrolytes |
-
1995
- 1995-10-16 FI FI954902A patent/FI954902A/en unknown
-
1996
- 1996-10-15 JP JP9515545A patent/JPH11513748A/en active Pending
- 1996-10-15 WO PCT/FI1996/000541 patent/WO1997014824A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-10-15 EP EP96934830A patent/EP0857225A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9714824A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1997014824A1 (en) | 1997-04-24 |
| FI954902A0 (en) | 1995-10-16 |
| FI954902A (en) | 1997-04-17 |
| JPH11513748A (en) | 1999-11-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Li et al. | Electroreduction of nitrate ions in concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions at lead, zinc, nickel and phthalocyanine-modified electrodes | |
| US4469761A (en) | Rechargeable lithium/sulfur ammoniate battery | |
| CN102912374A (en) | Electrochemical reduction CO2 electrolytic tank using bipolar membrane as diaphragm and application of electrochemical reduction CO2 electrolytic tank | |
| JPS6122036B2 (en) | ||
| GB911386A (en) | An improved process for the electrochemical treatment of solutions | |
| AU2007279151B2 (en) | Water electrolysis device | |
| PL363757A1 (en) | Filled epoxy resin system having high mechanical strength values | |
| WO2016168459A1 (en) | Aqueous electrolytes for redox flow battery systems | |
| CN106623969A (en) | Method of preparing nanometer nickel-sulfur alloy through replacement deposition of low eutectic ionic liquid | |
| CN111816874B (en) | Preparation method of positive active material of lithium slurry battery | |
| Yu et al. | Advances in electrochemical Fe (VI) synthesis and analysis | |
| WO2011118772A1 (en) | Hydrogen generating method, hydrogen use method, and electricity generating system | |
| MY116982A (en) | "electrochemical process for purifying hydroxide compounds" | |
| EP0857225A1 (en) | Electrocatalyser solution | |
| EP0870532A3 (en) | Methods of purifying hydroxylamine solutions and converting hydroxylamine salts to hydroxylamine | |
| CN113415811B (en) | Preparation method of ferrocyanide and application of ferrocyanide in flow battery | |
| Gorodyskii et al. | Electrocatalytic properties of the Ti (OH) 3− Mo (III) system in the reduction of molecular nitrogen | |
| Adzic et al. | Oxidation of HCOOH and CH 3 OH on Platinum Modified by Foreign Metal Adatoms in 85% Phosphoric Acid | |
| CN117242206A (en) | Nitrogen-containing compound production apparatus and nitrogen-containing compound production method | |
| US5766442A (en) | Electrode regeneration | |
| US3658595A (en) | Fuel cell with anode containing a catalyst composition of iridium and ruthenium | |
| CN113249737A (en) | Battery for producing hydrogen by metal | |
| CA1177534A (en) | Rechargeable lithium/sulfur ammoniate battery | |
| Wikstrom et al. | Electrode kinetics of antimony in acidic chloride solutions | |
| Sequeira et al. | Studies on sodium borohydride for energy systems |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19980317 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19981207 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19990420 |