EP0856771A1 - Photographische Bildherstellungsverfahren - Google Patents

Photographische Bildherstellungsverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0856771A1
EP0856771A1 EP97200273A EP97200273A EP0856771A1 EP 0856771 A1 EP0856771 A1 EP 0856771A1 EP 97200273 A EP97200273 A EP 97200273A EP 97200273 A EP97200273 A EP 97200273A EP 0856771 A1 EP0856771 A1 EP 0856771A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
solution
volume
less
processing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97200273A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gareth Bryn C/O Kodak Limited Evans
Peter Jeffery C/O Kodak Limited Twist
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Kodak Ltd
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kodak Ltd, Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Kodak Ltd
Priority to EP97200273A priority Critical patent/EP0856771A1/de
Publication of EP0856771A1 publication Critical patent/EP0856771A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03D13/00—Processing apparatus or accessories therefor, not covered by groups G11B3/00 - G11B11/00
    • G03D13/007—Processing control, e.g. test strip, timing devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
    • G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
    • G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G03C5/31—Regeneration; Replenishers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03D3/00—Liquid processing apparatus involving immersion; Washing apparatus involving immersion
    • G03D3/02—Details of liquid circulation
    • G03D3/06—Liquid supply; Liquid circulation outside tanks
    • G03D3/065—Liquid supply; Liquid circulation outside tanks replenishment or recovery apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C2200/00—Details
    • G03C2200/21—Developer or developing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
    • G03C5/264—Supplying of photographic processing chemicals; Preparation or packaging thereof
    • G03C5/265—Supplying of photographic processing chemicals; Preparation or packaging thereof of powders, granulates, tablets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
    • G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G03C5/305—Additives other than developers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
    • G03C7/30—Colour processes using colour-coupling substances; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
    • G03C7/407—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
    • G03C7/30—Colour processes using colour-coupling substances; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
    • G03C7/407—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G03C7/413—Developers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a photographic image-forming process.
  • the problem to be solved is to provide the advantages of adding components in as concentrated a form as possible without the processing solutions undergoing undesirable loss of activity.
  • a process for the development of an imagewise exposed photographic material having at least one silver halide layer which comprises forming an image therein in a solution which contains a developing agent, which solution is replenished wherein:
  • tank volume ' or processing solution volume ' is meant the volume of the solution within the processing tank/channel together with that of the associated recirculation system, which includes, for example, pipework, valves, pumps, filter housings etc.
  • maximum area of the material which can be accommodated in the tank ' , or immersed in the solution is meant the product of the maximum width of the material processed and the path length taken by the material through the processing solution within the tank.
  • the use of the low volume tank and the specified low residence time provides environmentally desirable minimal replenishment without suffering loss of activity of the processing solution or its replenishers in both conventional colour development and redox amplification processes.
  • the faster tank turnover rate reduces the problem of biogrowth and chemical instability.
  • the lower tank volume results in lower wastage and solution volume needed to refill the tank, lower energy requirements to heat the solution and less sensitometric variability.
  • Fig 1 is a schematic diagram showing the method of adding solids to a processing solution.
  • the photographic material may be a black-and-white or colour material.
  • the developing solution may contain an antioxidant developing agent preservative.
  • antioxidants are solids.
  • solid antioxidants are an alkali metal sulphite
  • hydroxylamine may be in the form of a salt thereof such as hydroxylamine chloride, phosphate or, preferably, sulphate, or a substituted hydroxylamine.
  • the substituted hydroxylamines may be alkyl or aryl substituted, such alkyl and aryl being possibly further substituted with hydroxy, carboxy or sulpho groups, for example:
  • the material being processed may be a film or paper material.
  • the material may comprise the emulsions, sensitisers, couplers, supports, layers, additives, etc. described in Research Disclosure, September 1994, Item 36544, published by Kenneth Mason Publications Ltd, Dudley Annex, 12a North Street, Emsworth, Hants P010 7DQ, U.K.
  • the photographic material comprises a resin-coated paper support and the emulsion layers comprise more than 80%, preferably more than 90% silver chloride and are more preferably composed of substantially pure silver chloride.
  • the material is a black-and-white material which may be a high contrast material for the graphic arts.
  • the pH of the developer may be in the range 9.5 to 12.
  • the pH is in the range 10 to 12, particularly from 10 to 11.7.
  • the preferred pH is from 11.0 to 11.7, preferably 11.0 to 11.4.
  • the developer solution may contain an alkali material that buffers it.
  • alkali material that buffers it.
  • alkali metal carbonates, silicates and phosphates for example sodium or potassium carbonates or phosphates.
  • Additional alkali may also be present, eg an alkali metal hydroxide.
  • the carbonates may be present in the solution in amounts of 10 to 60 g/l, preferably 15 to 45 g/l and particularly 20 to 30 g/l as potassium carbonate while the phosphates may be present in the solution in amounts of 20 to 80 g/l, preferably 25 to 65 g/l and particularly 30 to 50 g/l as potassium phosphate.
  • a colour developer solution may contain from 1 to 12 g/l of developing agent, preferably from 3 to 8 g/l.
  • the colour developing agent may be a p-phenylenediamine, for example:
  • the concentration range of the antioxidant component in a colour developer is preferably from 0.5 to 10 and especially from 1 to 4 g/l (as hydroxylamine sulphate).
  • black-and-white developing agents examples include hydroquinones, p-aminophenols and pyrazolidinones of the formula:
  • black-and-white developing agents examples include hydroquinone, N-methyl-p-aminophenol, 1-phenyl-4-methyl-pyrazolidinone and 4-hydroxymethyl-4-methyl-1-phenylpyrazolidinone.
  • a black-and-white developer solution preferably contains from 0.2 to 12 g/l of black-and-white developing agent or a combination of such developing agents.
  • hydroquinone will be used in a superadditive combination with a p-aminophenol or pyrazolidinone developing agent.
  • Black-and-white developers also contain an antioxidant developing agent preservative. Typically this is an alkali metal sulphite in concentration levels of 1-100 g/l, preferably 10-50 g/l (as sodium sulphite).
  • the colour photographic materials can be single colour materials or multicolour materials.
  • Multicolour materials contain dye image-forming units sensitive to each of the three primary regions of the spectrum. Each unit can be comprised of a single emulsion layer or of multiple emulsion layers sensitive to a given region of the spectrum.
  • the layers of the materials, including the layers of the image-forming units, can be arranged in various orders as known in the art.
  • a typical multicolour photographic material comprises a support bearing a yellow dye image-forming unit comprised of at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one yellow dye-forming coupler, and magenta and cyan dye image-forming units comprising at least one green- or red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one magenta or cyan dye-forming coupler respectively.
  • the material can contain additional layers, such as filter layers.
  • the process of the invention employs a tank of relatively small volume and in a preferred embodiment the ratio of the tank volume to maximum area of material which can be accommodated in the tank, that is that can be immersed in the solution, is less than 20 dm 3 /m 2 , i.e. 20mm, more preferably less than 11 dm 3 /m 2 i.e. 11mm and particularly less than 3 dm 3 /m 2 i.e. 3mm.
  • the process may be carried out in what is known in the art as a minilab for example the tank volume may be below 5 litres and sometimes below 3.0 litres conveniently in the range 1.5 to 2.5 litres and may be about 1 litre.
  • Solid replenishment is a convenient, accurate and consistent means of maintaining a developer and shows a particular advantage with low volume tanks and minimum replenishment rates.
  • the replenishers contain components such as chelating agents and hydrogen peroxide which have traditionally been available as solutions.
  • 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1'-diphosphonic acid is available as the solid sodium salt (although it has to be converted to the potassium salt because the mixed calcium/sodium salt is prone to precipitate in developer solutions)
  • diethyltriamine-pentaacetic acid is available as the solid free acid, "pentetic acid”.
  • Some subsituted hydroxylamine antioxidants are liquids, eg diethylhydroxylamine but others are solids and these should be used in preference.
  • the replenishment is preferably accomplished entirely by the addition of solid replenishers plus water.
  • the material to be processed is conveniently passed through the tank and preferably the developer solution is recirculated through the tank at a rate of 0.1 to 10 tank volumes per minute.
  • the preferred recirculation rate is from 0.5 to 8 especially from 1 to 5 and particularly from 2 to 4 tank volumes per minute.
  • the recirculation with or without replenishment may be carried out continuously or intermittently. In one method of working both can be carried out continuously while processing is in progress but not at all or intermittently when the tank is idle.
  • Replenishment may be carried out by introducing the required amount of replenisher into the solution in the recirculation system, preferably just before it enters the processing tank.
  • the shape and dimensions of the processing tank are preferably such that it holds the minimum amount of processing solution while still obtaining the required results.
  • the tank is preferably one with fixed sides, the material being advanced therethrough by drive rollers.
  • the photographic material passes through a thickness ' of solution of less then 20mm, preferably less than 11mm, more preferably less than 5mm and especially less than 3mm.
  • the shape of the tank is not critical but it may conveniently be in the shape of a shallow tray or, preferably U shaped.
  • the dimensions of the tank be chosen so that the width of the tank is the same as or only just wider than the width of the material being processed.
  • the total volume of the processing solution within the processing channel of a processing tank and its recirculation system is relatively smaller as compared with prior art processes.
  • the total amount of processing solution in the entire processing system for a particular module is such that the total volume in the processing channel is at least 40% of the total volume of the processing solution in the entire system.
  • the volume of the processing channel is at least about 50% of the total volume of the processing solution in the system.
  • the nozzles/opening that deliver the processing solution to the processing channel have a configuration in accordance with the following relationship: 0.6 ⁇ F/A ⁇ 23
  • the tank volume includes the volume of the associated recirculation system, as hereinbefore defined.
  • the processor is idle overnight for 16 hours and this time is part of the total standing time.
  • the chemical loss rates overnight will be lower than during a working day because the temperature is lower and the recirculation is switched off thus reducing aerial oxidation.
  • there will still be some extra losses overnight which must be taken into account.
  • RX developer/amplifier there will also be reduced loss overnight but since RX developer/amplifiers are generally less stable chemically than conventional developers overnight standing could cause greater sensitometric deterioration.
  • the concept of the average time to reach one tank turnover is proposed. This is defined as 24 hours divided by the number of tank turnovers possible during a working day of eight hours for a particular utilisation, replenishment rate and tank volume.
  • Table 1 below was constructed to show the relative times for different utilisations and for normal (0.161 litres/m 2 ) and low (0.033 litres/m 2 ) replenishment rates. This latter rate is about the minimum replenishment rate possible in order to maintain tank volume but to produce no overflow. If the volume of the developer tank is reduced to 1.80 litres instead of 22.414 litres, the residence times are correspondingly reduced for the period when the processor is working.
  • a developer solution is considered to be acceptable if the D max values are at or above 80% of the values of a freshly prepared solution and the useful lifetime of a solution is the time taken at 35°C for the solution to deteriorate to less than 80% of the Dmax values of a fresh solution.
  • the Dmax values are measured by the well known sensitometric methods using a pre-exposed test strip.
  • filter houseing (1) contains a filter member (2) through which processing solution passes before being pumped by pump (3) into the processing tank (4).
  • the solids and water are added directly to the filter housing as shown by arrow (5).
  • a colour paper developer was made to the formulation: K 3 AC5 0.8g/l K 2 CO 3 25g/l DEH.HCl 6g/l PhorwiteTM REU 2.3g/l Total KCl (2.7g/l comes from the DEH.HCl) 2.8g/l KBr 0.02g/l CD3 4.85g/l Li 2 SO 4 2.7g/l pH 10.12 where DEH is diethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride. This material can be replaced with 15g/l of the di-potassium salt of di-sulphoethyl hydroxylamine if desired.
  • the solid addition rates and water to achieve an overall replenishment rate of 32ml/m 2 are as follows: K 3 AC 5 15.9mg/m 2 K 2 CO 3 0.8g/m 2 DEH.HCl 0.7g/m 2 Phorwhite REU 0.07g/m 2 CD3 0.54g/m 2 LiSO 4 0.086g/m 2 KOH 0.25g/m 2 water 32ml/m 2
  • the volume taken-up by the solids is approximately equal to the water evaporation rate of the processor.
  • a black and white developer was made to the formulation: Sodium sulphite 16g/l N-methyl-p-aminophenol sulphate 1.45g/l Hydroquinone 2.9g/l KBr 0.93g/l QuadraphosTM 1.29g/l Na 2 CO 3 25g/l where Quadraphos is tetrasodium pyrophosphate.
  • the solid addition rates for an overall replenishment rate of 320ml/m 2 and a silver bromide coating containing 1.08g/m 2 of silver at an average exposure of 25% of Dmax are as follows: Sodium sulphite 5.69g/m 2 N-methyl-p-aminophenol sulphate 0.46g/m 2 Hydroquinone 1.06g/m 2 Quadraphos 0.41g/m 2 Na 2 CO 3 8.0g/m 2 Water 320ml/m 2
  • a black and white developer was made to the formulation: Sodium sulphite 16g/l N-methyl-p-aminophenol sulphate 1.45g/l Hydroquinone 2.9g/l KBr 3.72g/l QuadraphosTM 1.29g/l Na 2 CO 3 25g/l
  • the solid addition rates for an overall replenishment rate of 80ml/m 2 and a silver bromide coating containing 1.08g/m 2 of silver at an average exposure of 25% of Dmax are as follows; Sodium sulphite 1.95g/m 2 N-methyl-p-aminophenol sulphate 0.14g/m 2 Hydroquinone 0.39g/m 2 Quadraphos 0.14g/m 2 Na 2 CO 3 2.5g/m 2 Water 80ml/m 2

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
EP97200273A 1997-01-31 1997-01-31 Photographische Bildherstellungsverfahren Withdrawn EP0856771A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97200273A EP0856771A1 (de) 1997-01-31 1997-01-31 Photographische Bildherstellungsverfahren

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97200273A EP0856771A1 (de) 1997-01-31 1997-01-31 Photographische Bildherstellungsverfahren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0856771A1 true EP0856771A1 (de) 1998-08-05

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP97200273A Withdrawn EP0856771A1 (de) 1997-01-31 1997-01-31 Photographische Bildherstellungsverfahren

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0856771A1 (de)

Citations (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4311574A (en) * 1979-08-27 1982-01-19 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Regeneration of photographic processing solutions
WO1991012567A1 (en) 1990-02-14 1991-08-22 Kodak Limited Method and apparatus for photographic processing
WO1991019226A1 (en) 1990-06-08 1991-12-12 Kodak Limited Photographic processing tank
WO1992007301A1 (en) 1990-10-19 1992-04-30 Kodak Limited Photographic processing apparatus
WO1992007302A1 (en) 1990-10-19 1992-04-30 Kodak Limited Photographic processing apparatus
WO1992010790A1 (en) 1990-12-13 1992-06-25 Kodak Limited Photographic processing apparatus
WO1992017819A1 (en) 1991-03-26 1992-10-15 Kodak Limited Photographic processing apparatus
WO1992017370A1 (en) 1991-04-08 1992-10-15 Kodak Limited Closure element
WO1993000612A1 (en) 1991-06-29 1993-01-07 Kodak Limited Photographic processing apparatus
US5179404A (en) 1992-03-02 1993-01-12 Eastman Kodak Company Anti-web adhering contour surface for a photographic processing apparatus
WO1993004404A1 (en) 1991-08-20 1993-03-04 Kodak Limited Portable film processing unit
EP0559026A1 (de) 1992-03-02 1993-09-08 Eastman Kodak Company Rezirkulation, Nachfüllung, Auffrischung, Füllung und Rückspülung für ein fotografisches Entwicklungsgerät
EP0559027A1 (de) 1992-03-02 1993-09-08 Eastman Kodak Company Antriebsmechanismus für ein photographisches Entwicklungsgerät
EP0559025A1 (de) 1992-03-02 1993-09-08 Eastman Kodak Company Filmentwicklungseinsatz und Tank für ein photographisches Entwicklungsgerät
US5270762A (en) 1992-03-02 1993-12-14 Eastman Kodak Company Slot impingement for a photographic processing apparatus
US5294956A (en) 1991-03-26 1994-03-15 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic processing apparatus
US5436118A (en) 1994-03-31 1995-07-25 Eastman Kodak Company Method of processing silver halide photographic elements using a low volume thin tank processing system
GB2302596A (en) * 1995-06-22 1997-01-22 Kodak Ltd Replenishing developer-amplifier solutions

Patent Citations (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4311574A (en) * 1979-08-27 1982-01-19 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Regeneration of photographic processing solutions
WO1991012567A1 (en) 1990-02-14 1991-08-22 Kodak Limited Method and apparatus for photographic processing
WO1991019226A1 (en) 1990-06-08 1991-12-12 Kodak Limited Photographic processing tank
WO1992007301A1 (en) 1990-10-19 1992-04-30 Kodak Limited Photographic processing apparatus
WO1992007302A1 (en) 1990-10-19 1992-04-30 Kodak Limited Photographic processing apparatus
WO1992010790A1 (en) 1990-12-13 1992-06-25 Kodak Limited Photographic processing apparatus
US5294956A (en) 1991-03-26 1994-03-15 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic processing apparatus
WO1992017819A1 (en) 1991-03-26 1992-10-15 Kodak Limited Photographic processing apparatus
WO1992017370A1 (en) 1991-04-08 1992-10-15 Kodak Limited Closure element
WO1993000612A1 (en) 1991-06-29 1993-01-07 Kodak Limited Photographic processing apparatus
WO1993004404A1 (en) 1991-08-20 1993-03-04 Kodak Limited Portable film processing unit
EP0559026A1 (de) 1992-03-02 1993-09-08 Eastman Kodak Company Rezirkulation, Nachfüllung, Auffrischung, Füllung und Rückspülung für ein fotografisches Entwicklungsgerät
EP0559027A1 (de) 1992-03-02 1993-09-08 Eastman Kodak Company Antriebsmechanismus für ein photographisches Entwicklungsgerät
EP0559025A1 (de) 1992-03-02 1993-09-08 Eastman Kodak Company Filmentwicklungseinsatz und Tank für ein photographisches Entwicklungsgerät
US5270762A (en) 1992-03-02 1993-12-14 Eastman Kodak Company Slot impingement for a photographic processing apparatus
US5179404A (en) 1992-03-02 1993-01-12 Eastman Kodak Company Anti-web adhering contour surface for a photographic processing apparatus
US5436118A (en) 1994-03-31 1995-07-25 Eastman Kodak Company Method of processing silver halide photographic elements using a low volume thin tank processing system
GB2302596A (en) * 1995-06-22 1997-01-22 Kodak Ltd Replenishing developer-amplifier solutions

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