EP0851450B1 - Fault current circuit breaker - Google Patents

Fault current circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0851450B1
EP0851450B1 EP97810920A EP97810920A EP0851450B1 EP 0851450 B1 EP0851450 B1 EP 0851450B1 EP 97810920 A EP97810920 A EP 97810920A EP 97810920 A EP97810920 A EP 97810920A EP 0851450 B1 EP0851450 B1 EP 0851450B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
residual
circuit breaker
current circuit
breaker according
primary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP97810920A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0851450A3 (en
EP0851450A2 (en
Inventor
Siegfried Mayer
Hans-Ulrich Meier
Rudolf Schaffner
Gerhard Schneider
Willy Schwarz
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ABB Schweiz AG
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ABB Schweiz AG
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Publication of EP0851450A2 publication Critical patent/EP0851450A2/en
Publication of EP0851450A3 publication Critical patent/EP0851450A3/en
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Publication of EP0851450B1 publication Critical patent/EP0851450B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H2009/0083—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00 using redundant components, e.g. two pressure tubes for pressure switch

Definitions

  • Fl-circuit breaker contains essentially a triggering system with a generally as a summation current transformer trained fault current sensor and a predominantly as a magnetic release executed trigger, arranged in a circuit contact arrangement and a preferably designed as a switch lock drive system for opening the Contact arrangement when a fault current occurs in the circuit.
  • the invention relates to a prior art of FI-switches, as in the Special edition from “etz” Issue No.13 (1984) "Residual Current Circuit Breaker: Constructive Solutions, development trends and principles for their applications " Dr. J.Feitknecht c / o CMC, Schaffhausen.
  • the in this state of the Technology described Fl-breaker generally have mains voltage independent Magnetic release, but also with electronically acting Triggers with a mains voltage powered amplifier and an amplifier be equipped downstream trigger magnet. According to the aforementioned
  • the prior art is likely to default probability of commercially available Fl-circuit breakers after years of use are 1 to 3%.
  • the object is to create a Fl-switch, which despite relatively simple structure and a high sensitivity characterized by great reliability.
  • the Fl-circuit breaker according to the invention is made easy or easily available components, needed for safe shutdown only very low fault current signals and is still characterized by a commercially available available Fl-breakers significantly increased reliability. This is mainly due to the fact that the redundancy of the Fl-circuit breaker after the Invention by at least two independently operating tripping systems and / or drives is increased. If one of the two trigger systems fails, then that happens other or possibly even a third triggering system in its place. falls one of the optionally provided two drives, the other of the two drives in place of the defective drive. Another boost of Redundancy is achieved when both are at least two independent of each other working trigger systems as well as at least two independently working drives are provided.
  • a particularly high reliability records a Fl-circuit breaker after the Invention when the triggering systems and / or the at least two drives after different technologies are developed.
  • Is in one Secondary triggering system provided an electronically acting trigger, so can in particularly simple way by atmospheric influences, such as oxidation, corrosion or humidity, impairments of the Fl-circuit breaker be significantly reduced.
  • the Fl-breaker according to the invention can then Switch off in an aggressive atmosphere, even after years, with great certainty.
  • the redundancy of the residual current circuit breaker according to the invention is additional improved, if each triggering system, preferably as a summation current transformer having formed separate fault current sensor.
  • R designates one or more live conductors L 1 , L 2 , L 3 ,... And N a neutral conductor of a single- or multi-phase low-voltage electrical network. These two conductors supply a arranged in a non-illustrated circuit consumers with electrical energy. Occurs in this circuit, such as due to a lack of insulation, a fault current, such as a ground current, so this fault current is detected by two acting as residual current sensors summation current transformers 1, 2 of a Fl-circuit breaker.
  • Each of the summation current transformer 1, 2 forms an output signal which is supplied from the summation current transformer 1 to a trigger 3 and from the summation current transformer 2 to a tripping device 4.
  • Summation current transformer 1 and trigger 3 form a primary release system.
  • Summation current transformer 2 and trigger 4 form a secondary triggering system.
  • Both trigger systems act on a common input member 5 of a switching mechanism 6 designed as a drive system.
  • the switching mechanism 6 in turn acts on a contact arrangement 7 of the Fl-circuit breaker.
  • the Fl-breaker further includes a test circuit, not shown, with which the two trigger systems can be made to respond.
  • indications for signaling the function of the primary and the secondary triggering system are also provided. Another indicator may respond if the primary trip system should not respond when a fault current occurs.
  • the triggers 3 and 4 are designed according to different technologies. Of the Trigger 3 is a magnetic release.
  • the trigger 4 acts largely electronic and contains a mains-powered amplifier and evaluation circuit 8 and one of the amplifier and evaluation circuit 8 downstream, electromechanically acting Triggering element, for example, an electromagnet 9 with a closable magnetic circuit.
  • the amplifier and evaluation circuit can be self-monitored be equipped and may additionally preferably in function of the Contain fault current delay element delay.
  • the delay time of the Delay element is advantageously greater than the response time of the Primary triggering system, because then it is ensured that the secondary triggering system only appeals when the primary triggering system fails (effect of the secondary triggering system) as a backup system).
  • the primary triggering system may contain also a passive acting as mains voltage independent tripping delay passive Network.
  • the summation current transformer 2 are omitted.
  • the summation current transformer 1 then has two signal outputs, one of which is in the magnetic release 3 and another in the amplifier and evaluation circuit 8 of the electronic acting trigger 4 feeds.
  • the redundancy of the Fl-breaker according to Figures 1 to 3 additionally increased by the fact that the primary release system on the switch lock 6 and the secondary triggering system on one of them independent switch lock 18 acts. If, for example, the switching mechanism 6 fails, then is the delay-responsive secondary triggering system, the switching mechanism 18th open. An even greater redundancy can be achieved by both the primary as well as the secondary triggering system on both switching locks 6, 18th act.
  • the responsiveness becomes the Fl-circuit breaker according to Figures 1 to 4 additionally increased.
  • the trigger 3 a mechanical power amplifier 19 downstream.
  • this amplifier has a spring-loaded one-armed lever 20 with a on the input member 5 acting free end and a two-armed latch lever 21st with a short and a long arm.
  • the long arm of the pawl lever 21 acts with an output of the magnetic release 3 and formed as a latch 22 short Arm with the free end of the spring-loaded lever 20 together.
  • On the input member 5 also acts the armature 17 of the electromagnet. 9
  • the input member 5 is part of a mechanical power amplifier 23, which part of the switching mechanism 6 is.
  • the amplifier 23 with a a spring 24 loaded, two-armed latch lever 25 on. A shorter one both arms carries one cooperating with the lever 12 of the switching mechanism 6 Pawl 26. The longer of both arms of the pawl lever 25 forms the input member. 5
  • the armature 10 of the magnetic release 3 When a fault current occurs first, the armature 10 of the magnetic release 3 is activated and against the long arm of the pawl lever 21 out.
  • the latch lever 21 moves in Clockwise. Since the pawl is attached to the short arm of the pawl lever 21, can the pawl 22 trigger the loaded with a strong spring 27 lever 20.
  • the lever 20 now acts with a relative to the mechanical output signal of the magnetic release 3 substantially amplified force on the input member 5 of the amplifier 23. Da the input member 5 forms the longer arm of the ratchet lever 25, the shorter acting as a pawl 26 arm of the pawl lever 25 acting spring 24 strong Be measured and the lever 12 of the switching mechanism 6, the pawl 26 with larger Apply biasing force.
  • the spring 13 can therefore be made extremely strong and thus enables safe operation of the switching mechanism 6.
  • the trigger speaks with the given time delay 4 on.
  • a sufficiently strong trigger signal is generated, which is sufficient to to open the pawl 26 via the input member 5 and to trigger the switching mechanism 6.

Abstract

The circuit breaker has at least one fault current sensor (1,2), a primary trigger system with a magnetic trigger (3), a secondary trigger system operating independently of the primary system and using a different technology, a contact arrangement (7) in a single or two-phase circuit and a contact arrangement drive system (6,18) activated by one or other trigger system if a fault current is detected. A mechanical force amplifier is arranged after the magnetic trigger and/or the drive system has two independently operating drives each preferably in the form of a switching lock.

Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Bei der Erfindung wird ausgegangen von einem Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter (Fl-Schutzschalter) nach dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1. Ein solcher Fl-Schutzschalter enthält im wesentlichen ein Auslösesystem mit einem im allgemeinen als Summenstromwandler ausgebildeten Fehlerstromsensor und einem überwiegend als Magnetauslöser ausführten Auslöser, eine in einem Stromkreis angeordnete Kontaktanordnung und ein vorzugsweise als Schaltschloss ausgeführtes Antriebssystem zum Öffnen der Kontaktanordnung beim Auftreten eines Fehlerstroms im Stromkreis.The invention is based on a residual current circuit breaker (Fl-breaker) according to the preamble of claim 1. Such Fl-circuit breaker contains essentially a triggering system with a generally as a summation current transformer trained fault current sensor and a predominantly as a magnetic release executed trigger, arranged in a circuit contact arrangement and a preferably designed as a switch lock drive system for opening the Contact arrangement when a fault current occurs in the circuit.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Die Erfindung nimmt auf einen Stand der Technik von FI-Schaltern Bezug, wie er im Sonderdruck aus "etz" Heft Nr.13 (1984) "Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter: Konstruktive Lösungen, Entwicklungstendenzen und Grundsätze für ihre Anwendungen" Dr.J.Feitknecht c/o CMC, Schaffhausen, beschrieben ist. Die in diesem Stand der Technik beschriebenen Fl-Schutzschalter weisen im allgemeinen netzspannungsunabhängige Magnetauslöser aus, können aber auch mit elektronisch wirkenden Auslösern mit einem netzspannungsgespeisten Verstärker und einem dem Verstärker nachgeschalteten Auslösemagneten ausgerüstet sein. Gemäss dem vorgenannten Stand der Technik dürfte die Ausfallwahrscheinlichkeit von handelsüblichen Fl-Schutzschaltern nach jahrelangem Einsatz bei 1 bis 3 % liegen. The invention relates to a prior art of FI-switches, as in the Special edition from "etz" Issue No.13 (1984) "Residual Current Circuit Breaker: Constructive Solutions, development trends and principles for their applications " Dr. J.Feitknecht c / o CMC, Schaffhausen. The in this state of the Technology described Fl-breaker generally have mains voltage independent Magnetic release, but also with electronically acting Triggers with a mains voltage powered amplifier and an amplifier be equipped downstream trigger magnet. According to the aforementioned The prior art is likely to default probability of commercially available Fl-circuit breakers after years of use are 1 to 3%.

KURZE DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGBRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Der Erfindung, wie sie in den Patentansprüchen angegeben ist, liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Fl-Schalter zu schaffen, welcher sich trotz relativ einfachen Aufbaus und einer hohen Ansprechempfindlichkeit durch grosse Zuverlässigkeit auszeichnet.The invention, as indicated in the claims, the object is to create a Fl-switch, which despite relatively simple structure and a high sensitivity characterized by great reliability.

Der Fl-Schutzschalter nach der Erfindung ist aus einfach herstellbaren oder problemlos erhältlichen Komponenten aufgebaut, benötigt zum sicheren Abschalten nur sehr geringe Fehlerstromsignale und zeichnet sich dennoch durch eine gegenüber handelsüblich erhältlichen Fl-Schutzschaltern wesentlich erhöhte Zuverlässigkeit aus. Dies ist vor allem dadurch bedingt, dass die Redundanz des Fl-Schutzschalters nach der Erfindung durch mindestens zwei unabhängig voneinander arbeitende Auslösesysteme und/oder Antriebe erhöht wird. Fällt eines der beiden Auslösesysteme aus, so tritt das andere oder gegebenenfalls sogar ein drittes Auslösesystem an dessen Stelle. Fällt einer der gegebenenfalls vorgesehenen zwei Antriebe aus, so tritt der andere der beiden Antriebe an die Stelle des defekten Antriebs. Eine weitere Steigerung der Redundanz wird erreicht, wenn sowohl mindestens zwei unabhängig voneinander arbeitende Auslösesysteme als auch mindestens zwei unabhängig voneinander arbeitende Antriebe vorgesehen sind.The Fl-circuit breaker according to the invention is made easy or easily available components, needed for safe shutdown only very low fault current signals and is still characterized by a commercially available available Fl-breakers significantly increased reliability. This is mainly due to the fact that the redundancy of the Fl-circuit breaker after the Invention by at least two independently operating tripping systems and / or drives is increased. If one of the two trigger systems fails, then that happens other or possibly even a third triggering system in its place. falls one of the optionally provided two drives, the other of the two drives in place of the defective drive. Another boost of Redundancy is achieved when both are at least two independent of each other working trigger systems as well as at least two independently working drives are provided.

Eine besonders grosse Zuverlässigkeit zeichnet einen Fl-Schutzschalter nach der Erfindung aus, wenn die Auslösesysteme und/oder die mindestens zwei Antriebe nach unterschiedlichen Technologien ausgebildet sind. Enthält beispielsweise ein Primärauslösesystem einen Magnetauslöser, so kann auch bei Bruch des Neutralleiters des zu schützenden Stromkreises noch mit Sicherheit abgeschaltet werden. Ist in einem Sekundärauslösesystem ein elektronisch wirkender Auslöser vorgesehen, so können in besonders einfacher Weise durch atmosphärische Einflüsse, wie Oxidation, Korrosion oder Feuchtigkeit, hervorgerufene Beeinträchtigungen des Fl-Schutzschalters wesentlich herabgesetzt werden. Der Fl-Schutzschalter nach der Erfindung kann dann auch in aggressiver Atmosphäre noch nach Jahren mit grosser Sicherheit abschalten.A particularly high reliability records a Fl-circuit breaker after the Invention when the triggering systems and / or the at least two drives after different technologies are developed. Contains, for example, a Primary release system a magnetic release, so can also break the neutral conductor of the circuit to be protected are still switched off with certainty. Is in one Secondary triggering system provided an electronically acting trigger, so can in particularly simple way by atmospheric influences, such as oxidation, corrosion or humidity, impairments of the Fl-circuit breaker be significantly reduced. The Fl-breaker according to the invention can then Switch off in an aggressive atmosphere, even after years, with great certainty.

Die Redundanz des Fehlerstromschalters nach der Erfindung wird zusätzlich verbessert, wenn jedes Auslösesystem einen vorzugsweise als Summenstromwandler ausgebildeten separaten Fehlerstromsensor aufweist. The redundancy of the residual current circuit breaker according to the invention is additional improved, if each triggering system, preferably as a summation current transformer having formed separate fault current sensor.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung und die damit erzielbaren weiteren Vorteile werden nachfolgend anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt:

Fig. 1
ein Blockschaltbild eines ersten Fl-Schutzschalters.
Fig.2
ein Blockschaltbild eines zweiten Fl-Schutzschalters.
Fig.3
eine stark vereinfachte Darstellung eines das Auslöse- und das Antriebssystem enthaltenden Teils der Fl-Schutzschalter gemäss den Fig. 1 und 2,
Fig.4
ein Blockschaltbild eines dritten Fl-Schutzschalters,
Fig.5
ein Blockschaltbild eines vierten Fl-Schutzschalters, und
Fig.6
eine stark vereinfachte Darstellung eines das Auslöse- und das Antriebssystem enthaltenden Teils des Fl-Schutzschalter gemäss Fig.5.
Preferred embodiments of the invention and the advantages that can be achieved thereby are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Hereby shows:
Fig. 1
a block diagram of a first Fl-circuit breaker.
Fig.2
a block diagram of a second Fl-circuit breaker.
Figure 3
a greatly simplified representation of a triggering and the drive system containing part of the Fl-circuit breaker according to FIGS. 1 and 2,
Figure 4
a block diagram of a third Fl-circuit breaker,
Figure 5
a block diagram of a fourth Fl-circuit breaker, and
Figure 6
a greatly simplified representation of the triggering and the drive system containing part of the Fl-circuit breaker according to Fig.5.

WEGE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAYS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

In allen Zeichnungen beziehen sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleichwirkende Teile. In Fig.1 bezeichnet R einen oder mehrere spannungsführende Leiter L1, L2, L3,.... und N einen Neutralleiter eines ein- oder mehrphasigen elektrischen Niederspannungsnetzes. Diese beiden Leiter versorgen einen in einem nicht dargestellten Stromkreis angeordneten Verbraucher mit elektrischer Energie. Tritt in diesem Stromkreis, etwa infolge einer mangelhaften Isolation, ein Fehlerstrom, etwa ein Erdstrom, auf, so wird dieser Fehlerstrom von zwei als Fehlerstromsensoren wirkenden Summenstromwandlern 1, 2 eines Fl-Schutzschalters erfasst. Jeder der Summenstromwandler 1, 2 bildet ein Ausgangssignal, welches vom Summenstromwandler 1 einem Auslöser 3 und vom Summenstromwandler 2 einem Ausloser 4 zugeführt wird. Summenstromwandler 1 und Auslöser 3 bilden ein Primärauslösesystem. Summenstromwandler 2 und Auslöser 4 bilden ein Sekundärauslösesystem. Beide Auslösesysteme wirken auf ein gemeinsames Eingangsglied 5 eines als Schaltschloss 6 ausgeführten Antriebssystems. Das Schaltschloss 6 seinerseits wirkt auf eine Kontaktanordnung 7 des Fl-Schutzschalters. Der Fl-Schutzschalter enthält ferner einen nicht dargestellten Testkreis, mit dem die beiden Auslösesysteme zum Ansprechen gebracht werden können. Gegebenenfalls sind auch Anzeigen zur Signalisierung der Funktion des Primär- und des Sekundärauslösesystems vorgesehen. Eine weitere Anzeige kann ansprechen, wenn das Primärauslösesystem beim Auftreten eines Fehlerstroms nicht ansprechen sollte.Throughout the drawings, like reference numbers refer to like-acting parts. In FIG. 1 , R designates one or more live conductors L 1 , L 2 , L 3 ,... And N a neutral conductor of a single- or multi-phase low-voltage electrical network. These two conductors supply a arranged in a non-illustrated circuit consumers with electrical energy. Occurs in this circuit, such as due to a lack of insulation, a fault current, such as a ground current, so this fault current is detected by two acting as residual current sensors summation current transformers 1, 2 of a Fl-circuit breaker. Each of the summation current transformer 1, 2 forms an output signal which is supplied from the summation current transformer 1 to a trigger 3 and from the summation current transformer 2 to a tripping device 4. Summation current transformer 1 and trigger 3 form a primary release system. Summation current transformer 2 and trigger 4 form a secondary triggering system. Both trigger systems act on a common input member 5 of a switching mechanism 6 designed as a drive system. The switching mechanism 6 in turn acts on a contact arrangement 7 of the Fl-circuit breaker. The Fl-breaker further includes a test circuit, not shown, with which the two trigger systems can be made to respond. Optionally, indications for signaling the function of the primary and the secondary triggering system are also provided. Another indicator may respond if the primary trip system should not respond when a fault current occurs.

Die Auslöser 3 und 4 sind nach unterschiedlichen Technologien ausgebildet. Der Auslöser 3 ist ein Magnetauslöser. Der Auslöser 4 wirkt weitgehend elektronisch und enthält eine netzgespeiste Verstärker- und Auswerteschaltung 8 sowie ein der Verstärker- und Auswerteschaltung 8 nachgeschaltetes, elektromechanisch wirkendes Auslöseelement, beispielsweise einen Elektromagneten 9 mit einem schliessbaren magnetischen Kreis. Die Verstärker- und Auswerteschaltung kann mit einer Selbstüberwachung ausgerüstet sein und kann zusätzlich ein vorzugsweise in Funktion des Fehlerstroms verzögerndes Verzögerungselement enthalten. Die Verzögerungszeit des Verzögerungselementes ist mit Vorteil grösser zu bemessen als die Ansprechzeit des Primärauslösesystems, da dann sichergestellt ist, dass das Sekundärauslösesystem erst dann anspricht, wenn das Primärauslösesystem versagt (Wirkung des Sekundärauslösesystems als Backup-System). Das Primärauslösesystem enthält gegebenenfalls auch ein als netzspannungsunabhängige Auslöseverzögerung wirkendes passives Netzwerk.The triggers 3 and 4 are designed according to different technologies. Of the Trigger 3 is a magnetic release. The trigger 4 acts largely electronic and contains a mains-powered amplifier and evaluation circuit 8 and one of the amplifier and evaluation circuit 8 downstream, electromechanically acting Triggering element, for example, an electromagnet 9 with a closable magnetic circuit. The amplifier and evaluation circuit can be self-monitored be equipped and may additionally preferably in function of the Contain fault current delay element delay. The delay time of the Delay element is advantageously greater than the response time of the Primary triggering system, because then it is ensured that the secondary triggering system only appeals when the primary triggering system fails (effect of the secondary triggering system) as a backup system). The primary triggering system may contain also a passive acting as mains voltage independent tripping delay passive Network.

Aus Kosten- und Platzersparnisgründen kann wie im Beispiel gemäss Fig.2 dargestellt ist der Summenstromwandler 2 weggelassen werden. Der Summenstromwandler 1 weist dann zwei Signalausgänge auf, von denen einer in den Magnetauslöser 3 und ein anderer in die Verstärker- und Auswerteschaltung 8 des elektronisch wirkenden Auslösers 4 einspeist. For cost and space saving reasons, as in the example according to FIG shown is the summation current transformer 2 are omitted. The summation current transformer 1 then has two signal outputs, one of which is in the magnetic release 3 and another in the amplifier and evaluation circuit 8 of the electronic acting trigger 4 feeds.

Beim Auftreten eines Fehlerstroms werden über die Summenstromwandler 1 und 2 (Fig.1 ) bzw. werden über die beiden Ausgänge des Summenstromwandlers 1 (Fig.2) Fehlerstromsignale in das Primär- wie auch in das Sekundärauslösesystem eingespeist. Der aus Fig.3 ersichtliche Magnetauslöser 3 löst aus und dreht mit seinem nach oben geführten Anker 10 das als Klinkenhebel 11 ausgebildete Eingangsglied 5 des Schaltschlosses 6 im Uhrzeigersinn um eine feststehende Achse. Eine am Klinkenhebel befestigte Klinke gibt dann einen um eine feststehende Achse drehbar gelagerten und mit einer Vorspannkraft im Gegenuhrzeigersinn gegen die Klinke geführten Hebel 12 frei. Die Vorspannkraft wird von einer Druckfeder 13 erzeugt. Diese Feder wirkt mit einem Ende auf ein um eine feststehende Achse drehbares Kontaktstück 14 der Kontaktanordnung 7 und mit dem anderen Ende über ein Kniehebelsystem 15 auf den Hebel 12 und auf einen um eine feststehende Achse drehbaren Handhebel 16. Unter der Wirkung der vorgespannten Feder 13 werden der Handhebel 16 und das Kontaktstück 14 in die in Fig.3 gestrichelt dargestellte Position geführt, in der der Fl-Schutzschalter geöffnet und der Fehlerstrom abgeschaltet ist. Sollte das Primärauslösesystem nicht ansprechen, da der Summenstromwandler 1 oder der Auslöser 3 defekt sind, so spricht der Auslöser 4 mit der vorgegebenen Zeitverzögerung an. Oberhalb eines vorgebbaren Schwellwertes des Fehlerstroms wird ein in der Verstärker- und Auswerteschaltung 8 gebildetes leistungsstarkes Auslösesignal an den Elektromagneten 9 geführt. Durch dieses Signal wird der offene magnetische Kreis des Elektromagneten geschlossen und über einen hierbei bewegten Anker 17 auf den als Eingangsglied 5 des Schaltschlosses wirkenden Klinkenhebel eingewirkt.When a fault current occurs on the summation current transformer 1 and 2 (Fig.1) or via the two outputs of the summation current transformer 1 (Fig.2) Fault current signals in the primary as well as in the secondary triggering system fed. The apparent from Figure 3 Magnetic release 3 triggers and rotates with his upwardly guided anchor 10 which formed as a pawl lever 11 input member. 5 of the switching mechanism 6 clockwise about a fixed axis. An am Pawl-mounted latch then rotates about a fixed axis mounted and with a biasing force counterclockwise against the pawl guided lever 12 free. The biasing force is generated by a compression spring 13. These Spring acts with one end on a rotating about a fixed axis contact piece 14 of the contact arrangement 7 and with the other end via a toggle lever system 15 on the lever 12 and on a rotatable about a fixed axis hand lever 16. Under the action of the prestressed spring 13, the hand lever 16 and the Contact piece 14 in the dashed lines in Figure 3 shown position out, in which the Fl-circuit breaker opened and the fault current is switched off. Should the primary trigger system do not respond because the summation current transformer 1 or the trigger. 3 are defective, the trigger 4 responds with the specified time delay. Above a predefinable threshold value of the fault current is in the Amplifier and evaluation circuit 8 formed powerful trigger signal to the Electromagnet 9 out. This signal turns the open magnetic circuit of the Electromagnet closed and a moving here anchor 17 on the as Input member 5 of the switching mechanism acting latch lever acted.

Bei dem Beispiel gemäss Fig.4 wird die Redundanz der Fl-Schutzschalter gemäss den Figuren 1 bis 3 zusätzlich noch dadurch erhöht, dass das Primärauslösesystem auf das Schaltschloss 6 und das Sekundärauslösesystem auf ein davon unabhängiges Schaltschloss 18 wirkt. Fällt beispielsweise das Schaltschloss 6 aus, so wird über das verzögert ansprechende Sekundärauslösesystem das Schaltschloss 18 geöffnet. Eine noch grössere Redundanz kann dadurch erreicht werden, dass sowohl das Primär- als auch das Sekundärauslösesystem auf beide Schaltschlösser 6, 18 einwirken.In the example according to Figure 4, the redundancy of the Fl-breaker according to Figures 1 to 3 additionally increased by the fact that the primary release system on the switch lock 6 and the secondary triggering system on one of them independent switch lock 18 acts. If, for example, the switching mechanism 6 fails, then is the delay-responsive secondary triggering system, the switching mechanism 18th open. An even greater redundancy can be achieved by both the primary as well as the secondary triggering system on both switching locks 6, 18th act.

Bei dem Beispiel nach den Figuren 5 und 6 wird die Ansprechempfindlichkeit der Fl-Schutzschalter nach den Figuren 1 bis 4 zusätzlich erhöht. Zu diesem Zweck ist dem Auslöser 3 ein mechanischer Kraftverstärker 19 nachgeschaltet. Gemäss Fig. 6 weist dieser Verstärker einen federbelasteten einarmigen Hebel 20 auf mit einem auf das Eingangsglied 5 wirkenden freien Ende sowie einen zweiarmigen Klinkenhebel 21 mit einem kurzen und mit einem langen Arm. Der lange Arm des Klinkenhebels 21 wirkt mit einem Ausgang des Magnetauslösers 3 und der als Klinke 22 ausgebildete kurze Arm mit dem freien Ende des federbelasteten Hebels 20 zusammen. Auf das Eingangsglied 5 wirkt auch der Anker 17 des Elektromagneten 9.In the example of Figs. 5 and 6, the responsiveness becomes the Fl-circuit breaker according to Figures 1 to 4 additionally increased. For this purpose is the trigger 3, a mechanical power amplifier 19 downstream. According to FIG. 6 this amplifier has a spring-loaded one-armed lever 20 with a on the input member 5 acting free end and a two-armed latch lever 21st with a short and a long arm. The long arm of the pawl lever 21 acts with an output of the magnetic release 3 and formed as a latch 22 short Arm with the free end of the spring-loaded lever 20 together. On the input member 5 also acts the armature 17 of the electromagnet. 9

Gemäss Fig.5 ist das Eingangsglied 5 Teil eines mechanischen Kraftverstärkers 23, welcher Teil des Schaltschlosses 6 ist. Gemäss Fig.6 weist der Verstärker 23 einen mit einer Feder 24 belasteten, zweiarmig ausgebildeten Klinkenhebel 25 auf. Ein kürzerer beider Arme trägt eine mit dem Hebel 12 des Schaltschlosses 6 zusammenwirkende Klinke 26. Der längere beider Arme des Klinkenhebels 25 bildet das Eingangsglied 5.5, the input member 5 is part of a mechanical power amplifier 23, which part of the switching mechanism 6 is. According to Fig.6, the amplifier 23 with a a spring 24 loaded, two-armed latch lever 25 on. A shorter one both arms carries one cooperating with the lever 12 of the switching mechanism 6 Pawl 26. The longer of both arms of the pawl lever 25 forms the input member. 5

Beim Auftreten eines Fehlerstroms wird zunächst der Anker 10 des Magnetauslöser 3 aktiviert und gegen den langen Arm des Klinkenhebels 21 geführt. Der Klinkenhebel 21 bewegt sich im Uhrzeigersinn. Da die Klinke am kurzen Arm des Klinkenhebels 21 befestigt ist, kann die Klinke 22 den mit einer starken Feder 27 belasteten Hebel 20 auslösen. Der Hebel 20 wirkt nun mit einer gegenüber dem mechanischen Ausgangssignal des Magnetauslösers 3 wesentlich verstärkten Kraft auf das Eingangsglied 5 des Verstärkers 23. Da das Eingangsglied 5 den längeren Arm des Klinkenhebels 25 bildet, kann die am kürzeren als Klinke 26 ausgeführten Arm des Klinkenhebels 25 wirkende Feder 24 stark bemessen sein und der Hebel 12 des Schaltschlosses 6 die Klinke 26 mit grosser Vorspannkraft beaufschlagen. Die Feder 13 kann daher äusserst stark ausgebildet sein und ermöglicht so einen sicheren Betrieb des Schaltschlosses 6.When a fault current occurs first, the armature 10 of the magnetic release 3 is activated and against the long arm of the pawl lever 21 out. The latch lever 21 moves in Clockwise. Since the pawl is attached to the short arm of the pawl lever 21, can the pawl 22 trigger the loaded with a strong spring 27 lever 20. The lever 20 now acts with a relative to the mechanical output signal of the magnetic release 3 substantially amplified force on the input member 5 of the amplifier 23. Da the input member 5 forms the longer arm of the ratchet lever 25, the shorter acting as a pawl 26 arm of the pawl lever 25 acting spring 24 strong Be measured and the lever 12 of the switching mechanism 6, the pawl 26 with larger Apply biasing force. The spring 13 can therefore be made extremely strong and thus enables safe operation of the switching mechanism 6.

Fällt der Auslöser 3 aus, so spricht mit der vorgegebenen Zeitverzögerung der Auslöser 4 an. Durch geeignete Bemessung der netzgespeisten Verstärker- und Auswerteschaltung 8 wird ein ausreichend starkes Auslösesignal gebildet, welches ausreicht, um über das Eingangsglied 5 die Klinke 26 zu öffnen und das Schaltschloss 6 auszulösen. If the trigger 3 fails, then the trigger speaks with the given time delay 4 on. By suitable dimensioning of the network-fed amplifier and evaluation circuit 8, a sufficiently strong trigger signal is generated, which is sufficient to to open the pawl 26 via the input member 5 and to trigger the switching mechanism 6.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 21, 2
SummenstromwandlerSummation current transformer
3, 43, 4
Auslösertrigger
55
Eingangsgliedinput member
66
Schaltschlossswitch lock
77
KontaktanordnungContact configuration
88th
Verstärker- und AuswerteschaltungAmplifier and evaluation circuit
99
Elektromagnetelectromagnet
1010
Ankeranchor
1111
Klinkenhebelratchet lever
1212
Hebellever
1313
Federfeather
1414
Kontaktstückcontact piece
1515
KniehebelsystemToggle system
1616
Handhebelhand lever
1717
Ankeranchor
1818
Schaltschlossswitch lock
1919
mechanischer Kraftverstarkermechanical power amplifier
20, 2120, 21
Klinkenhebelratchet lever
2222
Klinkepawl
2323
mechanischer Kraftverstärkermechanical power amplifier
2424
Federfeather
2525
Klinkenhebelratchet lever
2626
Klinkepawl
2727
Federfeather

Claims (12)

  1. Residual-current circuit breaker containing at least one residual-current sensor (1, 2), a primary tripping system having a magnetic release (3), a secondary tripping system, which operates independently of the primary tripping system and which is designed on the basis of a different technology than that of the primary tripping system, a contact arrangement (7), which is arranged in a single- or polyphase circuit (R, N), and a drive system (6, 18) which can be tripped by the primary or secondary tripping system in the event of a residual current and acts on the contact arrangement (7), a mechanical force amplifier (19) being connected downstream of the magnetic release (3), characterized in that the drive system is provided with two drives which operate independently of one another and are each in the form of a switch latching mechanism (6, 18).
  2. Residual-current circuit breaker according to Claim 1, characterized in that a passive network which acts as a tripping delay which is independent of the mains voltage is connected upstream of the magnetic release (3).
  3. Residual-current circuit breaker according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the mechanical force amplifier (19) has a spring-loaded lever (20) having a free end acting on an input element (5) of the drive system as well as a two-armed catch lever (21) having one short and having one long arm, whose long arm interacts with an output of the magnetic release (3) and whose short arm in the form of a catch (22) interacts with the free end of the spring-loaded lever (20).
  4. Residual-current circuit breaker according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an electronically acting release (4) is provided in the at least one secondary tripping system.
  5. Residual-current circuit breaker according to Claim 4, characterized in that the electronically acting release (4) contains a mains-fed amplifier and evaluation circuit (8) having a delay element which preferably delays the effect of the residual current.
  6. Residual-current circuit breaker according to Claim 5, characterized in that the delay time of the delay element is longer than the response time of the primary tripping system.
  7. Residual-current circuit breaker according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the primary tripping system and the at least one secondary tripping system act on an input element, in the form of a catch lever (11, 25), of the drive system.
  8. Residual-current circuit breaker according to Claim 7, characterized in that the catch lever (25) is part of a mechanical amplifier (23).
  9. Residual-current circuit breaker according to Claim 8, characterized in that the catch lever (25) is loaded with a spring (24) and has two arms, a shorter one of the two arms bearing a catch (26) which interacts with a prestressed lever (12), and a longer one of the two arms forming the input element (5) of the drive system.
  10. Residual-current circuit breaker according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the primary tripping system and the at least one secondary tripping system each act on one of the two drives.
  11. Residual-current circuit breaker according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the primary tripping system has a first residual-current sensor, which is preferably in the form of a core-balance current transformer (1), and the at least one secondary tripping system has at least one second residual-current sensor which is likewise preferably in the form of a core-balance current transformer (2).
  12. Residual-current circuit breaker according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the primary tripping system and the at least one secondary tripping system have a common residual-current sensor which is preferably in the form of a core-balance current transformer (1).
EP97810920A 1996-12-27 1997-11-27 Fault current circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime EP0851450B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19654469A DE19654469A1 (en) 1996-12-27 1996-12-27 Residual current circuit breaker
DE19654469 1996-12-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0851450A2 EP0851450A2 (en) 1998-07-01
EP0851450A3 EP0851450A3 (en) 1999-03-31
EP0851450B1 true EP0851450B1 (en) 2005-04-27

Family

ID=7816287

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97810920A Expired - Lifetime EP0851450B1 (en) 1996-12-27 1997-11-27 Fault current circuit breaker

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0851450B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE294450T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19654469A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19735416A1 (en) * 1997-08-14 1999-02-18 Siemens Ag Fault-current protection unit especially circuit-breaker for electrical equipment
DE19833829A1 (en) * 1998-07-28 2000-02-03 Abb Patent Gmbh Tripping device for a residual current circuit breaker and circuit arrangement for controlling the same
DE19837059A1 (en) * 1998-08-17 2000-02-24 Maier & Cie C Tripping device for a circuit breaker, in particular a residual current circuit breaker
DE10246478B4 (en) * 2002-09-27 2005-03-03 Siemens Ag Electronic release for low voltage circuit breakers with self-monitoring functions
DE102008017499A1 (en) * 2008-04-04 2009-10-08 Doepke Schaltgeräte GmbH & Co. KG Fault current protective switch device
DE102011087651A1 (en) * 2011-12-02 2013-06-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switchgear tripping device
DE102013207141A1 (en) * 2013-04-19 2014-10-23 Bender Gmbh & Co. Kg All-current sensitive residual current device (RCD) with parameter configuration

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3823098A1 (en) * 1988-07-07 1990-01-11 Siemens Ag Device for protecting from fault currents
DE3823101A1 (en) * 1988-07-07 1990-01-11 Siemens Ag Redundant tripping device
DE3907148A1 (en) * 1989-03-06 1990-09-13 Siemens Ag Fault-current circuit-breaker in combination with differential-current tripping mechanism
AT404771B (en) * 1990-02-19 1999-02-25 Felten & Guilleaume Ag Oester SWITCH LOCK FOR A FAULT CURRENT CIRCUIT BREAKER
DE4406496C2 (en) * 1994-02-28 1997-02-06 Siemens Ag Residual current circuit breaker
DE19514641C2 (en) * 1995-04-20 1997-08-21 Kopp Heinrich Ag Residual current circuit breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59712285D1 (en) 2005-06-02
EP0851450A3 (en) 1999-03-31
DE19654469A1 (en) 1998-07-02
EP0851450A2 (en) 1998-07-01
ATE294450T1 (en) 2005-05-15

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