EP0851197B1 - Heat exchanger, more particularly for exhaust gases - Google Patents

Heat exchanger, more particularly for exhaust gases Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0851197B1
EP0851197B1 EP97120667A EP97120667A EP0851197B1 EP 0851197 B1 EP0851197 B1 EP 0851197B1 EP 97120667 A EP97120667 A EP 97120667A EP 97120667 A EP97120667 A EP 97120667A EP 0851197 B1 EP0851197 B1 EP 0851197B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
projections
shells
tube nest
rectangular ducts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97120667A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0851197A3 (en
EP0851197A2 (en
Inventor
Herbert Dr.-Ing. Damsohn
Conrad Dr.-Ing. Pfender
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Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0851197A2 publication Critical patent/EP0851197A2/en
Publication of EP0851197A3 publication Critical patent/EP0851197A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1684—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0041—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having parts touching each other or tubes assembled in panel form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/04—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular polygonal, e.g. rectangular
    • F28F1/045—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular polygonal, e.g. rectangular with assemblies of stacked elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0221—Header boxes or end plates formed by stacked elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F2001/027—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with dimples
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2240/00—Spacing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas heat exchanger, with one used for gas guidance Tube bundle made of rectangular tubes and with one the tube bundle surrounding, for guiding a liquid coolant Outer jacket that has a coolant inlet and a Coolant outlet is provided.
  • a heat exchanger of the type mentioned is the subject the older, unpublished EP-A-0 772 018.
  • the invention has for its object a heat exchanger of the type mentioned in such a way that the rectangular tubes and possibly also the outer jacket with small Wall thicknesses can be realized while still a sufficient strength is given, even if the gaseous Medium and / or the liquid coolant under a certain Pressure are supplied.
  • the rectangular tubes are mutually supported during assembly to form a bundle.
  • the outer rectangular tubes of the tube bundle are supported on the outer jacket.
  • This design ensures that rectangular tubes with a small wall thickness can be used, and yet a high compressive strength is achieved.
  • the protrusions also affect the flow of the liquid coolant so that heat transfer is improved. Since the liquid coolant is constantly exchanged, O 2 diffusion is prevented, which could cause crevice corrosion.
  • Rectangular tubes composed of two U-shaped half-shells are whose bottoms are provided with embossed projections. This design of the rectangular tubes is economical Manufacturing possible.
  • the projections have an oval base, the largest of which Dimension runs in the direction of flow. It will be advantageous further provided that the projections transverse to the direction of flow an essentially semi-cylindrical cross section exhibit. Such projections can be easily formed while offering the advantage of a linear support is obtained on the other rectangular tube.
  • the bottoms of the half-shells with a V-shape in the direction of flow diverging tabs are provided.
  • the projections and the tabs in are arranged in succession at regular intervals.
  • the arrangement is expediently made such that the projections one half-shell opposite the tabs of the other Half-shell are arranged. This ensures that favorable flow conditions also within the rectangular tubes exist while attaching the protrusions Attaching the tabs does not interfere.
  • the rectangular tubes are sculpted and gas-tightly connected to each other are. This creates a replacement for a tube sheet, which saves a lot of weight and also still leads to a simplified production.
  • the outer jacket consists of two preferably deep-drawn sheet metal shells is composed in the longitudinal direction of the tube bundle are profiled so that they with one of the height the projections of the rectangular tubes corresponding to the distance follow the outer contour of the tube bundle. This ensures that also in the area of the outer rectangular tubes of Pipe bundle flow channels exist, which are essentially the cross sections of the flow channels between the others Correspond to rectangular tubes.
  • the sheet metal shells in the area of the ends of the tube bundle form a circumferential ring channel, with an annular channel one coolant inlet and one to the other ring channel Coolant outlet are molded, and preferably the Coolant inlet and the coolant outlet approximately to each other diagonally opposite.
  • the ring channels provide one good distribution of the liquid coolant.
  • the exhaust gas heat exchanger shown in the drawing has a tube bundle 10 from a plurality of the same as each other Rectangular tubes that are spaced like this are arranged so that they approximate the contour of an ellipse form.
  • the rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10, which will be used later 4 and 5 to be explained are in the Embodiment sculpted on its ends, i.e. so expanded that they are flat against each other at the area of the ends issue. As can be seen from Fig. 3, these are tulip-connected ends connected gastight, for example by welding or soldering.
  • the tube bundle 10 is surrounded by an outer jacket 11 which assembled from two preferably deep-drawn sheet metal shells 12, 13 is.
  • the two sheet metal shells 12, 13 on Flanges 14, 15 are tightly connected, for example welded or soldered, are shaped like a step, that they are from the outer rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10 follow formed outer contour and to this outer Rectangular tubes maintain a distance that is essentially the distance between the rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10 with each other equivalent.
  • In the area of the ends of the rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10 they have a circumferential recess, so they are in this area at the ends of the rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10 and connected to them in a gastight manner are, for example, welded or soldered.
  • a circumferential ring channel 16 To one of these ring channels 16 is a coolant inlet 17 and at the others, is located at the other end of the tube bundle 10 ring channel a coolant outlet 18 is formed. As can be seen from Fig. 2 is the coolant inlet 17 and the coolant outlet 18 essentially diagonally opposite each other, so that there are essentially the same length flow channels for the result in liquid coolant.
  • the tube bundle 10 consists of a plurality of rectangular tubes 19, in the embodiment, a total of sixty-four Rectangular tubes 19 which are mirror symmetrical to the vertical and are arranged to the horizontal longitudinal median plane and the with their flat sides in the horizontal direction and with their narrow sides extend in the vertical direction.
  • This Rectangular tubes 19 are in Figs. 4 and 5 on a larger scale shown.
  • Each rectangular tube 19 is made of two U-shaped Half shells 20, 21 assembled on their thighs are interconnected, preferably welded.
  • the bottoms of the half-shells 20, 21 are each in the middle with regularly arranged, protruding outwards, embossed projections 22 provided.
  • the projections 22 have an essentially oval base in the plane the bottoms of the half-shells 20, 21 and are approximately with one semicylindrical cross section pronounced outwards.
  • the height this protrusion 22 corresponds to the distance between the floors two adjacent rectangular tubes 19. In practice is this height about 1.5 mm, with a total height the rectangular tubes of about 6 mm.
  • the half-shells 20, 21 are on the inside with tabs projecting inwards 23, 24 provided, which are about a quarter of the inner height extend a flat tube.
  • These tabs 23, 24, which is about a quarter of the inside height of a Rectangular tube 19 have a V-shape in the direction of flow apart at an angle of the order of 40 °, the front ends of these tabs 23, 24 leave a space between them.
  • the tabs 23, 24 arranged in pairs are regular Distances distributed over the length of the rectangular tubes 19 arranged.
  • the distance between the pairs of tabs 23, 24 in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular tubes 19 corresponds essentially the distance of the projections 22.
  • FIG. 4 can be seen are the half-shells 20, 22 of a rectangular tube offset in the axial direction so that one outward projection 22 of a shell 20 a Pair of tabs 23, 24 of the other half-shell 21 is opposite.
  • the rectangular tubes 19 are identical to one another and arranged so that they are mutually by means of the projections 22 in half the division of the projections 22 one Rectangular tube 19 are mutually supported.
  • the ends of the Rectangular tubes of the tube bundle are not deformed, i.e. not sculpted. Rather, they are inserted into tube sheets with both ends and with these firmly by soldering or welding and connected gastight.
  • a tube sheet provides a grid represents that follows the outer contour of the outer shell 11 and with cutouts corresponding to the rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10 is provided. These tube sheets are then gas-tight in welded the outer jacket 11.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere einen Abgaswärmeübertrager, mit einem zur Gasführung dienenden Rohrbündel aus Rechteckrohren und mit einem das Rohrbündel umgebenden, zur Führung eines flüssigen Kühlmittels dienenden Außenmantel, der mit einem Kühlmitteleintritt und einem Kühlmittelaustritt versehen ist.The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas heat exchanger, with one used for gas guidance Tube bundle made of rectangular tubes and with one the tube bundle surrounding, for guiding a liquid coolant Outer jacket that has a coolant inlet and a Coolant outlet is provided.

Ein Wärmeübertrager der eingangs genannten Art ist Gegenstand der älteren, nicht vorveröffentlichten EP-A-0 772 018.A heat exchanger of the type mentioned is the subject the older, unpublished EP-A-0 772 018.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Wärmeübertrager der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß die Rechteckrohre und gegebenenfalls auch der Außenmantel mit geringen Wandstärken realisiert werden können, während dennoch eine ausreichende Festigkeit gegeben ist, auch wenn das gasförmige Medium und/oder das flüssige Kühlmittel unter einem gewissen Druck zugeführt werden.The invention has for its object a heat exchanger of the type mentioned in such a way that the rectangular tubes and possibly also the outer jacket with small Wall thicknesses can be realized while still a sufficient strength is given, even if the gaseous Medium and / or the liquid coolant under a certain Pressure are supplied.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

Bei der Erfindung stützen sich die Rechteckrohre bei der Montage zu einem Bündel gegenseitig ab. Die äußeren Rechteckrohre des Rohrbündels stützen sich an dem Außenmantel ab. Durch diese Ausbildung wird erreicht, daß Rechteckrohre mit einer geringen Wandstärke Verwendung finden können, und dennoch eine hohe Druckfestigkeit erreicht wird. Die Vorsprünge beeinflussen außerdem die Strömung des flüssigen Kühlmittels, so daß der Wärmeübergang verbessert wird. Da ein stetiger Austausch des flüssigen Kühlmittels erfolgt, wird eine O2-Diffusion verhindert, die eine Spaltkorrosion verursachen könnte.In the invention, the rectangular tubes are mutually supported during assembly to form a bundle. The outer rectangular tubes of the tube bundle are supported on the outer jacket. This design ensures that rectangular tubes with a small wall thickness can be used, and yet a high compressive strength is achieved. The protrusions also affect the flow of the liquid coolant so that heat transfer is improved. Since the liquid coolant is constantly exchanged, O 2 diffusion is prevented, which could cause crevice corrosion.

In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgesehen, daß die Rechteckrohre aus zwei U-förmigen Halbschalen zusammengesetzt sind, deren Böden mit geprägten Vorsprüngen versehen sind. Durch diese Ausbildung der Rechteckrohre ist eine wirtschaftliche Fertigung möglich.In an embodiment of the invention it is provided that the Rectangular tubes composed of two U-shaped half-shells are whose bottoms are provided with embossed projections. This design of the rectangular tubes is economical Manufacturing possible.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgesehen, daß die Vorsprünge eine ovale Grundfläche aufweisen, deren größte Abmessung in Strömungsrichtung verläuft. Vorteilhaft wird dabei weiter vorgesehen, daß die Vorsprünge quer zur Strömungsrichtung einen im wesentlichen halbzylindrischen Querschnitt aufweisen. Derartige Vorsprünge lassen sich einfach formen, während sie den Vorteil bieten, daß eine linienförmige Abstützung an dem jeweils anderen Rechteckrohr erhalten wird.In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the projections have an oval base, the largest of which Dimension runs in the direction of flow. It will be advantageous further provided that the projections transverse to the direction of flow an essentially semi-cylindrical cross section exhibit. Such projections can be easily formed while offering the advantage of a linear support is obtained on the other rectangular tube.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgesehen, daß die Böden der Halbschalen mit in Strömungsrichtung V-förmig auseinanderlaufenden Laschen versehen sind. Dabei wird weiter zweckmäßig vorgesehen, daß die Vorsprünge und die Laschen in regelmäßigen Abständen aufeinanderfolgend angeordnet sind. Zweckmäßig wird die Anordnung so getroffen, daß die Vorsprünge der einen Halbschale gegenüberliegend von Laschen der anderen Halbschale angeordnet sind. Damit wird sichergestellt, daß günstige Strömungsverhältnisse auch innerhalb der Rechteckrohre bestehen, während das Anbringen der Vorsprünge das Anbringen der Laschen nicht stört.In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the bottoms of the half-shells with a V-shape in the direction of flow diverging tabs are provided. This will continue Appropriately provided that the projections and the tabs in are arranged in succession at regular intervals. The arrangement is expediently made such that the projections one half-shell opposite the tabs of the other Half-shell are arranged. This ensures that favorable flow conditions also within the rectangular tubes exist while attaching the protrusions Attaching the tabs does not interfere.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgesehen, daß die Rechteckrohre aufgetulpt und gasdicht miteinander verbunden sind. Damit wird ein Ersatz für einen Rohrboden geschaffen, der zu einer wesentlichen Gewichtseinsparung und außerdem noch zu einer vereinfachten Herstellung führt.In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the rectangular tubes are sculpted and gas-tightly connected to each other are. This creates a replacement for a tube sheet, which saves a lot of weight and also still leads to a simplified production.

Um den Außenmantel einfach herzustellen, wird vorgesehen, daß der Außenmantel aus zwei vorzugsweise tiefgezogenen Blechschalen zusammengesetzt ist, die in Längsrichtung des Rohrbündels derart profiliert sind, daß sie mit einem der Höhe der Vorsprünge der Rechteckrohre entsprechenden Abstand der Außenkontur des Rohrbündels folgen. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, daß auch im Bereich der äußeren Rechteckrohre des Rohrbündels Strömungskanäle vorhanden sind, die im wesentlichen den Querschnitten der Strömungskanäle zwischen den übrigen Rechteckrohren entsprechen.In order to produce the outer jacket easily, it is provided that the outer jacket consists of two preferably deep-drawn sheet metal shells is composed in the longitudinal direction of the tube bundle are profiled so that they with one of the height the projections of the rectangular tubes corresponding to the distance Follow the outer contour of the tube bundle. This ensures that also in the area of the outer rectangular tubes of Pipe bundle flow channels exist, which are essentially the cross sections of the flow channels between the others Correspond to rectangular tubes.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgesehen, daß die Blechschalen im Bereich der Enden des Rohrbündels jeweils einen umlaufenden Ringkanal bilden, wobei an einen Ringkanal ein Kühlmitteleintritt und an den anderen Ringkanal einen Kühlmittelaustritt angeformt sind, und wobei vorzugsweise der Kühlmitteleintritt und der Kühlmittelaustritt einander in etwa diagonal gegenüberliegen. Die Ringkanäle sorgen für eine gute Verteilung des flüssigen Kühlmittels. Wenn der Kühlmitteleintritt und der Kühlmittelaustritt einander in etwa diagonal gegenüberliegen, ergeben sich im wesentlichen gleich lange Kühlmittelkanäle, so daß ein gleichmäßiger Wärmeübergang im gesamten Bereich des Wärmeübertragers erhalten wird.In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the sheet metal shells in the area of the ends of the tube bundle form a circumferential ring channel, with an annular channel one coolant inlet and one to the other ring channel Coolant outlet are molded, and preferably the Coolant inlet and the coolant outlet approximately to each other diagonally opposite. The ring channels provide one good distribution of the liquid coolant. When the coolant enters and the coolant outlet is approximately diagonal to each other opposite, result essentially the same long coolant channels, so that an even heat transfer is obtained in the entire area of the heat exchanger.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung des in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels.

Fig. 1
zeigt einen Teil-Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Abgaswärmeübertrager im Bereich eines Endes,
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt entlang der Linie II-II der Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt entlang der Linie III-III der Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
eine Seitenansicht eines Ausschnittes von drei Rechteckrohren eines erfindungsgemäßen Abgaswärmeübertragers in größerem Maßstab und
Fig. 5
eine Stirnansicht eines einzelnen Rechteckrohres der Fig. 4.
Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following description of the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.
Fig. 1
shows a partial longitudinal section through an exhaust gas heat exchanger according to the invention in the region of one end,
Fig. 2
2 shows a section along the line II-II of FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
2 shows a section along the line III-III of FIG. 1,
Fig. 4
a side view of a section of three rectangular tubes of an exhaust gas heat exchanger according to the invention on a larger scale and
Fig. 5
3 shows an end view of a single rectangular tube from FIG. 4.

Der in der Zeichnung dargestellte Abgaswärmetauscher besitzt ein Rohrbündel 10 aus einer Vielzahl von untereinander gleichen Rechteckrohren, die in gleichmäßigen Abständen derart angeordnet sind, daß sie annähernd die Kontur einer Ellipse bilden. Die Rechteckrohre des Rohrbündels 10, die später anhand von Fig. 4 und 5 noch erläutert werden, sind bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel an ihren Enden aufgetulpt, d.h. derart aufgeweitet, daß sie an dem Bereich der Enden flächig gegeneinander anliegen. Wie aus Fig. 3 zu ersehen ist, sind diese aufgetulpten Enden miteinander gasdicht verbunden, beispielsweise durch Schweißen oder Löten.The exhaust gas heat exchanger shown in the drawing has a tube bundle 10 from a plurality of the same as each other Rectangular tubes that are spaced like this are arranged so that they approximate the contour of an ellipse form. The rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10, which will be used later 4 and 5 to be explained are in the Embodiment sculpted on its ends, i.e. so expanded that they are flat against each other at the area of the ends issue. As can be seen from Fig. 3, these are tulip-connected ends connected gastight, for example by welding or soldering.

Das Rohrbündel 10 ist mit einem Außenmantel 11 umgeben, der aus zwei vorzugsweise tiefgezogenen Blechschalen 12, 13 zusammengefügt ist. Die beiden Blechschalen 12, 13, die an Flanschen 14, 15 dicht miteinander verbunden sind, beispielsweise verschweißt oder verlötet, sind derart stufenförmig geformt, daß sie der von den äußeren Rechteckrohren des Rohrbündels 10 gebildeten Außenkontur folgen und zu diesen äußeren Rechteckrohren einen Abstand einhalten, der im wesentlichen dem Abstand der Rechteckrohre des Rohrbündels 10 untereinander entspricht. Im Bereich der Enden der Rechteckrohre des Rohrbündels 10 besitzen sie eine umlaufende Vertiefung, so daß sie in diesem Bereich an den Enden der Rechteckrohre des Rohrbündels 10 anliegen und mit diesen gasdicht verbunden sind, beispielsweise verschweißt oder gelötet.The tube bundle 10 is surrounded by an outer jacket 11 which assembled from two preferably deep-drawn sheet metal shells 12, 13 is. The two sheet metal shells 12, 13 on Flanges 14, 15 are tightly connected, for example welded or soldered, are shaped like a step, that they are from the outer rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10 follow formed outer contour and to this outer Rectangular tubes maintain a distance that is essentially the distance between the rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10 with each other equivalent. In the area of the ends of the rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10, they have a circumferential recess, so they are in this area at the ends of the rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10 and connected to them in a gastight manner are, for example, welded or soldered.

Im Bereich der Enden der Rechteckrohre des Rohrbündels 10 sind die beiden Blechschalen mit Ausprägungen versehen, die einen umlaufenden Ringkanal 16 bilden. An einen dieser Ringkanäle 16 ist ein Kühlmitteleintritt 17 und an den anderen, am anderen Ende des Rohrbündels 10 befindlichen Ringkanal ist ein Kühlmittelaustritt 18 angeformt. Wie aus Fig. 2 zu ersehen ist, liegen der Kühlmitteleintritt 17 und der Kühlmittelaustritt 18 einander im wesentlichen diagonal gegenüber, so daß sich im wesentlichen gleich lange Strömungskanäle für das flüssige Kühlmittel ergeben.In the area of the ends of the rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10 the two metal shells are provided with stampings that form a circumferential ring channel 16. To one of these ring channels 16 is a coolant inlet 17 and at the others, is located at the other end of the tube bundle 10 ring channel a coolant outlet 18 is formed. As can be seen from Fig. 2 is the coolant inlet 17 and the coolant outlet 18 essentially diagonally opposite each other, so that there are essentially the same length flow channels for the result in liquid coolant.

Das Rohrbündel 10 besteht aus einer Vielzahl von Rechteckrohren 19, bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel insgesamt vierundsechzig Rechteckrohre 19, die spiegelsymmetrisch zur vertikalen und zur horizontalen Längsmittelebene angeordnet sind und die sich mit ihren Flachseiten in horizontaler Richtung und mit ihren Schmalseiten in vertikaler Richtung erstrecken. Diese Rechteckrohre 19 sind in Fig. 4 und 5 in größerem Maßstab dargestellt. Jedes Rechteckrohr 19 ist aus zwei U-förmigen Halbschalen 20, 21 zusammengesetzt, die an ihren Schenkeln miteinander verbunden sind, vorzugsweise verschweißt sind. Die Böden der Halbschalen 20, 21 sind jeweils in ihrer Mitte mit in regelmäßigen Abständen angeordneten, nach außen ragenden, geprägten Vorsprüngen 22 versehen. Die Vorsprünge 22 besitzen eine im wesentlichen ovale Grundfläche in der Ebene der Böden der Halbschalen 20, 21 und sind mit einem in etwa halbzylindrischen Querschnitt nach außen ausgeprägt. Die Höhe dieser Vorsprünge 22 entspricht dem Abstand zwischen den Böden zweier benachbarter Rechteckrohre 19. In der Praxis beträgt diese Höhe etwa 1,5 mm, bei einer Gesamthöhe die Rechteckrohre von etwa 6 mm. The tube bundle 10 consists of a plurality of rectangular tubes 19, in the embodiment, a total of sixty-four Rectangular tubes 19 which are mirror symmetrical to the vertical and are arranged to the horizontal longitudinal median plane and the with their flat sides in the horizontal direction and with their narrow sides extend in the vertical direction. This Rectangular tubes 19 are in Figs. 4 and 5 on a larger scale shown. Each rectangular tube 19 is made of two U-shaped Half shells 20, 21 assembled on their thighs are interconnected, preferably welded. The bottoms of the half-shells 20, 21 are each in the middle with regularly arranged, protruding outwards, embossed projections 22 provided. The projections 22 have an essentially oval base in the plane the bottoms of the half-shells 20, 21 and are approximately with one semicylindrical cross section pronounced outwards. The height this protrusion 22 corresponds to the distance between the floors two adjacent rectangular tubes 19. In practice is this height about 1.5 mm, with a total height the rectangular tubes of about 6 mm.

Die Halbschalen 20, 21 sind innen mit nach innen ragenden Laschen 23, 24 versehen, die sich etwa über ein Viertel der Innenhöhe eines Flachrohres erstrecken. Diese Laschen 23, 24, die etwa eine Höhe von einem Viertel der Innenhöhe eines Rechteckrohres 19 aufweisen, laufen V-förmig in Strömungsrichtung unter einen Winkel in der Größenordnung von 40° auseinander, wobei die vorderen Enden dieser Laschnen 23, 24 zwischen sich einen Abstand belassen.The half-shells 20, 21 are on the inside with tabs projecting inwards 23, 24 provided, which are about a quarter of the inner height extend a flat tube. These tabs 23, 24, which is about a quarter of the inside height of a Rectangular tube 19 have a V-shape in the direction of flow apart at an angle of the order of 40 °, the front ends of these tabs 23, 24 leave a space between them.

Die paarweise angeordneten Laschen 23, 24 sind in regelmäßigen Abständen über die Länge der Rechteckrohre 19 verteilt angeordnet. Der Abstand zwischen den Paaren der Laschen 23, 24 in Längsrichtung der Rechteckrohre 19 entspricht im wesentlichen dem Abstand der Vorsprünge 22. Wie aus Fig. 4 zu ersehen ist, sind die Halbschalen 20, 22 eines Rechteckrohres in axialer Richtung derart zueinander versetzt, daß einem nach außen gerichteten Vorsprung 22 der einen Schale 20 ein Laschenpaar 23, 24 der anderen Halbschale 21 gegenüberliegt. Die Rechteckrohre 19 sind untereinander gleich ausgebildet und so angeordnet, daß sie untereinander mittels der Vorsprünge 22 in der halben Teilung der Vorsprünge 22 eines Rechteckrohres 19 gegenseitig abgestützt sind.The tabs 23, 24 arranged in pairs are regular Distances distributed over the length of the rectangular tubes 19 arranged. The distance between the pairs of tabs 23, 24 in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular tubes 19 corresponds essentially the distance of the projections 22. As shown in FIG. 4 can be seen are the half-shells 20, 22 of a rectangular tube offset in the axial direction so that one outward projection 22 of a shell 20 a Pair of tabs 23, 24 of the other half-shell 21 is opposite. The rectangular tubes 19 are identical to one another and arranged so that they are mutually by means of the projections 22 in half the division of the projections 22 one Rectangular tube 19 are mutually supported.

Bei einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform werden die Enden der Rechteckrohre des Rohrbündels nicht verformt, d.h. nicht aufgetulpt. Sie sind vielmehr mit beiden Enden in Rohrböden eingesteckt und mit diesen durch Löten oder Schweißen fest und gasdicht verbunden. Ein derartiger Rohrboden stellt ein Gitter dar, das der Außenkontur des Außenmantels 11 folgt und mit Aussparungen entsprechend der Rechteckrohre des Rohrbündels 10 versehen ist. Diese Rohrböden werden dann gasdicht in den Außenmantel 11 eingeschweißt.In a modified embodiment, the ends of the Rectangular tubes of the tube bundle are not deformed, i.e. not sculpted. Rather, they are inserted into tube sheets with both ends and with these firmly by soldering or welding and connected gastight. Such a tube sheet provides a grid represents that follows the outer contour of the outer shell 11 and with cutouts corresponding to the rectangular tubes of the tube bundle 10 is provided. These tube sheets are then gas-tight in welded the outer jacket 11.

Claims (12)

  1. Heat exchanger, in particular a heat exchanger for exhaust gas, with a tube nest of rectangular ducts (19) to deliver the gas and having an external jacket (11) enclosing the tube nest for conveying a liquid coolant, provided with a coolant inlet (17) and a coolant outlet (18), the rectangular ducts (19) being provided with outwardly directed projections (22) which determine the distance of adjacent rectangular ducts (19) relative to one another and to the internal wall of the external jacket (11).
  2. Heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the rectangular ducts (19) consist of two U-shaped half-shells (20, 21), the floors of which are provided with punched projections (22).
  3. Heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the projections (22) are disposed in a row at the centre of the floors of the half-shells (20, 21).
  4. Heat exchanger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the projections (22) have an oval base surface, the largest dimension of which runs in the flow direction.
  5. Heat exchanger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the projections (22) have a substantially semi-cylindrical cross section transversely to the flow direction.
  6. Heat exchanger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the floors of the half-shells (20, 21) are provided with V-shaped gussets (23, 24) arranged in pairs diverging from one another in the flow direction.
  7. Heat exchanger as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that the projections (22) and the pairs of gussets (23, 24) are disposed at regular distances one after the other.
  8. Heat exchanger as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the projections (22) of one half-shell (20, 21) are disposed lying opposite pairs of gussets (23, 24) of the other half-shell (21, 20).
  9. Heat exchanger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the ends of the rectangular ducts (19) of the tube nest (10) are retained in tube floors in a gas-tight seal.
  10. Heat exchanger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the ends of the rectangular ducts (19) of the tube nest (10) are flared and are joined to one another and the external jacket (11) in a gas-tight seal.
  11. Heat exchanger as claimed in one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the external jacket (11) consists two preferably deep-drawn sheet shells (12, 13) which are contoured in the longitudinal direction of the tube nest (10) so as to follow the outer contour of the tube nest (10) at a distance corresponding to the height of the projections (22) of the rectangular ducts (19).
  12. Heat exchanger as claimed in claim 11, characterised in that the sheet shells (12, 13) each form a peripheral ring passage (16) in the region of the ends of the tube nest (10), a coolant inlet (17) being formed on one annular passage (16) and a coolant outlet (18) being formed on the other annular passage, the coolant inlet (17) and the coolant outlet (18) preferably lying substantially diagonally opposite one another.
EP97120667A 1996-12-24 1997-11-26 Heat exchanger, more particularly for exhaust gases Expired - Lifetime EP0851197B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19654368 1996-12-24
DE19654368A DE19654368B4 (en) 1996-12-24 1996-12-24 Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0851197A2 EP0851197A2 (en) 1998-07-01
EP0851197A3 EP0851197A3 (en) 1999-05-19
EP0851197B1 true EP0851197B1 (en) 2002-03-06

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US (1) US6321835B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0851197B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19654368B4 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19654368A1 (en) 1998-06-25
DE19654368B4 (en) 2006-01-05
DE59706551D1 (en) 2002-04-11
EP0851197A3 (en) 1999-05-19
EP0851197A2 (en) 1998-07-01
US6321835B1 (en) 2001-11-27

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