EP0828115B1 - Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine Brennkammer - Google Patents

Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine Brennkammer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0828115B1
EP0828115B1 EP97402058A EP97402058A EP0828115B1 EP 0828115 B1 EP0828115 B1 EP 0828115B1 EP 97402058 A EP97402058 A EP 97402058A EP 97402058 A EP97402058 A EP 97402058A EP 0828115 B1 EP0828115 B1 EP 0828115B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
swirl inducer
fuel
air
upstream
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97402058A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0828115A1 (de
Inventor
Denis Roger Henri Ansart
Gilles Gérard Claude Lepretre
Denis Jean Maurice Sandelis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
SNECMA Moteurs SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNECMA Moteurs SA filed Critical SNECMA Moteurs SA
Publication of EP0828115A1 publication Critical patent/EP0828115A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0828115B1 publication Critical patent/EP0828115B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
    • F23R3/14—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex by using swirl vanes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fuel and air supply primary of a combustion chamber, especially for turbomachinery.
  • a typical example of antagonistic performances is that of flame stability at idle and the need to avoid fumes and the emission of nitrogen oxides at full gas. So the injection system of fuel and air must ensure proper combustion at rpm and under very diverse conditions.
  • FR-A-2 596 102 shows in FIG. 18 a mechanical injector which has a spin having an even number of fins defining an equal number of air intake passages, one passage in two being at radial inlet in order to deliver an air flow around the injection channel of fuel to constitute a first mixture in a chamber delimited by a socket with a converging / diverging internal contour, the other passages being at axial entry and delivering an air flow to the downstream periphery of the sleeve.
  • the present invention proposes to produce a device mechanical injection combined with strong premix tendrils permeability which makes it possible to meet the criteria of pollution and performance, at different speeds, imposed on engine manufacturers.
  • the invention therefore relates to an air injection device and fuel in a combustion chamber, in particular of turbomachine, said device comprising from upstream to downstream, an injector axis A fuel, a venturi sleeve arranged coaxially to axis A and having a converging / diverging internal contour delimiting a premix chamber in which the fuel is injected, a bowl flared downstream and having a sleeve upstream for fixing it around the socket, and means for injecting air from spraying fuel.
  • this device is characterized in that the means for injecting the fuel spray air have a first high-permeability radial spin arranged upstream of the socket and allowing a first air-fuel mixture to be produced in the premix chamber, a second radial spin having a plurality of channels provided in the upstream part of the socket and opening into the converging internal contour, said second spin being intended to ensure homogeneous carburetion in the venturi, and a third axial spin arranged at the periphery of the downstream part of the bush, and by the fact that the axial outlets of the third spin circumferentially alternate with the radial outlets of the second spin.
  • the inputs of the third spin are supplied in air through radial passages in the upstream part of the socket and alternating with the channels of the second spin.
  • the third spin is formed by grooves in the peripheral wall of the sleeve, said grooves being covered by the bowl fixing sleeve.
  • the drawing shows an air and fuel injection device 1, of this mechanical type, in a combustion chamber, not shown, of a turbomachine.
  • This device 1 comprises a fuel injector 2 of axis A which injects fuel downstream into a premix chamber 3 located at the bottom of the combustion chamber upstream of the zone primary 4 combustion.
  • the premix chamber 3 is delimited by the internal contour 5 of a socket 6 coaxial with the axis A.
  • This internal contour 5 is extended downstream by a flared wall 7 of a traditional bowl 8.
  • Bowl 8 comprises upstream of the flared wall 7 a sleeve 9 allowing its attachment to the socket 6.
  • the bowl 8 is mounted in a known manner in a orifice provided in the bottom of the combustion chamber.
  • the internal contour 5 of the socket 6 is convergent / divergent from upstream downstream and constitutes a venturi.
  • the passages 14a, 14b of the first series of passages are radial, pass right through the upstream part 12 of the socket 6 and open upstream of the neck 15 of the venturi.
  • Passages 16a, 16b of the second series of passages extend from the periphery of the part upstream 12 of the socket 6, to a zone located radially at the inside of the sleeve 9 of the bowl 8, where they axially tilt towards downstream.
  • axial grooves 18a, 18b, of rectangular section which extend the passages 16a, 16b of the second series of passages and which lead to the downstream periphery of the socket 6.
  • the passages 14a, 14b constitute a second radial spin intended to inject air into the premix chamber 3, and the grooves 18a, 18b, covered by the sleeve 9 of the bowl 8 constitute a third axial spin.
  • the outputs of the third axial spin are alternated circumferentially with the outputs of the second radial spin.
  • the number of passages 14a, 14b is equal to the number of passages 16a, 16b.
  • the number of the first spin 10 is equal to the total number of passage 14a, 14b; 16a, 16b formed in the upstream part 12 of the sleeve 6.
  • the first spin 10 therefore has a high permeability.
  • the fins 13 are wedged tangentially by an angle ⁇ between 30 and 40 • relative to the axis A of the fuel injector 2.
  • the axes of the outlet orifices of the passages 14a, 14b of the second spin are also inclined at an angle ⁇ relative to the radial at these points. The second spin therefore creates a swirling movement in the venturi.
  • the fins 20 of the first radial spin 10 are also radially wedged, and preferably the first spin 10 and the second spin are contra-rotating.
  • the first radial spin 10 makes it possible to produce a first premix in the bottom of the premix chamber 3. It makes plus purge office.
  • the second radial spin, tangentially wedged and also radially, ensures a uniform carburetion in the venturi.
  • the tangential incidence of the second radial spin must make an angle of 60 • to 90 • with respect to the tangential component of the first mixture.
  • the timing of the third axial spin is determined by the blading axial located at its outlet, that is to say by the angle of the side walls of the grooves 18a, 18b relative to the axis A.
  • the exit from the third axial spin can be corotative or counter-rotating with respect to the tangential component of the vortex in the venturi depending on the desired fuel table.
  • the tangential tilt of the third spin is depending on the bowl technology used, depending on whether it is a bowl with conventional ports, a bowl with swirling ports corotatives or contrarotatives or a bowl without orifices.
  • the ratio of the speeds of the air injected by the third spin and the mixture at the outlet of the venturi must be between 0.8 and 1.6, this report being dependent on the bowl technology used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Einspritzvorrichtung für Luft und Brennstoff in eine Brennkammer, insbesondere in die eines Turbotriebwerks, wobei diese Vorrichtung von vorn nach hinten eine Brennstoffeinspritzdüse (2) mit einer Achse A, eine ein Venturirohr bildende Hülse (6), die koaxial zur Achse A angeordnet ist und eine konvergierend/divergierende Innenkontur (5) aufweist, die eine Vormischkammer (3) umgrenzt, in die der Brennstoff eingespritzt wird, eine Schüssel (8), die sich nach hinten erweitert und vorn einen Stutzen (9) für ihre Befestigung auf der Hülse (6) aufweist, sowie Mittel zum Einspritzen der Zerstäubungsluft für den Brennstoff umfasst,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,    dass die Mittel zum Einspritzen der Zerstäubungsluft für den Brennstoff aus einer ersten Axialnut (10) mit hoher Durchlässigkeit, die vor der Hülse (6) angeordnet ist und es ermöglicht, ein erstes Luft-Brennstoff-Gemisch in der Vormischkammer (3) herzustellen, aus einer zweiten Axialnut mit einer Vielzahl von Kanälen (16a, 16b), die im vorderen Teil (12) der Hülse (6) ausgeführt sind und in der konvergierenden Innenkontur (5) münden, wobei diese zweite Nut dazu bestimmt ist, in dem Venturirohr eine homogene Verbrennung zu gewährleisten, und aus einer dritten Axialnut (18a, 18b), die am Außenumfang des hinteren Teils (17) der Hülse (6) angeordnet ist, bestehen, und dass die axialen Ausgänge der dritten Nut (18a, 18b) auf der Umfangslinie abwechselnd mit den radialen Ausgängen der zweiten Nut angeordnet sind.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,    dass die Eingänge der dritten Nut (18a, 18b) durch radiale Durchgänge (16a, 16b), die im vorderen Teil (12) der Hülse (6) ausgeführt und mit den Durchgängen (14a, 14b) der zweiten Nut abwechselnd angeordnet sind, mit Luft versorgt werden.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,    dass die dritte Nut aus Rillen (18a, 18b) besteht, die in der Außenwand der Hülse (6) ausgeführt sind, wobei diese Rillen (18a, 18b) von dem Befestigungsstutzen (9) der Schüssel (8) überdeckt werden.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,    dass die erste Nut (10) und die zweite Nut (14a, 14b) gegenläufig sind.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,    dass der tangentiale Einfallwinkel der von der zweiten Nut (14a, 14b) in die Vormischkammer (3) eingespritzten Luft einen Winkel zu der tangentialen Komponente des ersten Gemischs bildet, der zwischen 60° und 90° beträgt.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,    dass die zweite Nut (14a, 14b) tangential und radial blockiert ist.
EP97402058A 1996-09-05 1997-09-04 Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine Brennkammer Expired - Lifetime EP0828115B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9610823A FR2752917B1 (fr) 1996-09-05 1996-09-05 Systeme d'injection a degre d'homogeneisation avancee
FR9610823 1996-09-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0828115A1 EP0828115A1 (de) 1998-03-11
EP0828115B1 true EP0828115B1 (de) 2003-08-13

Family

ID=9495455

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97402058A Expired - Lifetime EP0828115B1 (de) 1996-09-05 1997-09-04 Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine Brennkammer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5941075A (de)
EP (1) EP0828115B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3954165B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2207831C (de)
DE (1) DE69724054T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2752917B1 (de)

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US7013649B2 (en) * 2004-05-25 2006-03-21 General Electric Company Gas turbine engine combustor mixer
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US8453454B2 (en) * 2010-04-14 2013-06-04 General Electric Company Coannular oil injection nozzle
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US20160265779A1 (en) * 2015-03-11 2016-09-15 General Electric Company Twin radial splitter-chevron mixer with converging throat
ITUA20163988A1 (it) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-01 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl Ugello carburante per una turbina a gas con swirler radiale e swirler assiale e turbina a gas / fuel nozzle for a gas turbine with radial swirler and axial swirler and gas turbine
US10012196B1 (en) * 2017-08-30 2018-07-03 Caterpillar Inc. Duct structure for fuel injector assembly
US10801726B2 (en) 2017-09-21 2020-10-13 General Electric Company Combustor mixer purge cooling structure
US11346557B2 (en) * 2019-08-12 2022-05-31 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Aerodynamic guide plate collar for swirler assembly
US11378275B2 (en) * 2019-12-06 2022-07-05 Raytheon Technologies Corporation High shear swirler with recessed fuel filmer for a gas turbine engine
US11280495B2 (en) * 2020-03-04 2022-03-22 General Electric Company Gas turbine combustor fuel injector flow device including vanes
CN111578313B (zh) * 2020-05-25 2021-11-12 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 气动辅助雾化的燃油预分配装置
US11846423B2 (en) 2021-04-16 2023-12-19 General Electric Company Mixer assembly for gas turbine engine combustor
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CN115523068A (zh) * 2021-06-24 2022-12-27 通用电气公司 旋流器套圈组件
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CN116147016A (zh) * 2021-11-22 2023-05-23 通用电气公司 用于燃料-空气混合器组件的套圈
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2752917B1 (fr) 1998-10-02
CA2207831C (fr) 2006-05-30
DE69724054D1 (de) 2003-09-18
US5941075A (en) 1999-08-24
DE69724054T2 (de) 2004-04-15
FR2752917A1 (fr) 1998-03-06
JP3954165B2 (ja) 2007-08-08
CA2207831A1 (fr) 1998-03-05
JPH1089688A (ja) 1998-04-10
EP0828115A1 (de) 1998-03-11

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