EP0826937A1 - Kühlaggregat - Google Patents

Kühlaggregat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0826937A1
EP0826937A1 EP97114434A EP97114434A EP0826937A1 EP 0826937 A1 EP0826937 A1 EP 0826937A1 EP 97114434 A EP97114434 A EP 97114434A EP 97114434 A EP97114434 A EP 97114434A EP 0826937 A1 EP0826937 A1 EP 0826937A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling unit
storage space
cooling
feature
coolant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97114434A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0826937B1 (de
Inventor
Franz Dr Lürken
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Messer Griesheim GmbH
Original Assignee
Messer Griesheim GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messer Griesheim GmbH filed Critical Messer Griesheim GmbH
Publication of EP0826937A1 publication Critical patent/EP0826937A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0826937B1 publication Critical patent/EP0826937B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F25D3/105—Movable containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an autonomously operating cooling unit for cooling a storage space during a certain time.
  • the cooling unit consists of a container for a coolant and a number of pipes.
  • Such cooling units are familiar and are used in particular for cooling frozen foods during transport and distribution.
  • This familiar cooling unit contains a container for a coolant, e.g., liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide in the solid state. Heat is exchanged because of the evaporation of the coolant and the storage space is cooled.
  • a coolant e.g., liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide in the solid state. Heat is exchanged because of the evaporation of the coolant and the storage space is cooled.
  • New EU Directives on the storage and transport of frozen foods prescribe a temperature of -18°C during the entire process of storage and transport.
  • the familiar cooling units are unable to ensure such a stable cooling temperature.
  • the invention envisages overcoming these objections and to this end provides an autonomously operating cooling unit because such a cooling unit is fitted with means for making the air in the storage space circulate by using the increase in pressure caused by the evaporation of the coolant. Because circulation is effected, a good mixture of the ambient air and the evaporated coolant ensues and hence a homogeneous temperature in the storage space.
  • the means for causing the ambient air to circulate contain a pipe connected to a venturi to cause suction of the ambient air. Because of the acceleration of the evaporated coolant through a constriction - the venturi - ambient air is sucked in through a pipe, e.g., a T-piece.
  • an element is fitted between the pipe and the ambient air. This element has matching volume. The moisture present in the ambient air is frozen solid through the cooling of the evaporated coolant.
  • the coolant fulfils three functions:
  • temperature measurements make it possible to cause an additional direct influx of evaporated coolant by way of pressure-regulating elements and pipes.
  • This provides thermally controlled cooling.
  • the cooling unit provides thermally controlled cooling and the temperature in the storage space will remain constant independent of the external ambient temperature.
  • the influx of this additional flow of evaporated coolant will cause a better mix with the cooled ambient air which is drawn in and returns to the storage space.
  • the invention also relates to a storage space fitted with a mobile or stationary cooling unit according to the invention.
  • a storage space is suitable for the transport of frozen foods.
  • the invention also relates to an autonomous cooling procedure.
  • the preferred design for this cooling procedure allocates four functions to the evaporated coolant. These four functions are:
  • Figure 1 shows the cooling unit 1 in which a container 2 for a coolant 3 is connected to a number of pipes.
  • the container 2 is filled with a coolant by way of a filling tube 4. Since the wall 5 of the container 2 is largely insulated by a vacuum sheath 6, the base 7 of the container 2 functions as a heat exchanger. This base 7 of the container 2 is not insulated, so that evaporation of the coolant is caused by way of the difference in temperature, so that pressure is built up.
  • the venturi 13 is protected against freezing by the moisture trap 10.
  • the ambient air which is drawn in is collected in the moisture trap and the moisture in the ambient air is frozen solid by the evaporated coolant.
  • the moisture trap may be regarded as a heat exchanger, by means of which moisture in the ambient air is temporarily frozen solid so that the operation of the venturi is not impaired.
  • the most important function of the evaporated coolant 3 is to cool the storage space 9 by ensuring the air flow which is drawn in, together with the nitrogen gas 9 which is accelerated by the venturi 13, is forced into the storage space.
  • the nitrogen gas 8 is compelled to exchange heat by way of a heat exchanger 14 which comprises the storage space: cooling the storage space on the one hand and heating the nitrogen gas on the other hand.
  • Another heat exchanger 15 is connected to the container at the base and provides additional cooling, e.g., if this is necessary in warmer periods.
  • the design according to the invention has the same cooling power because of an adaptation of the pressure-regulating elements, irrespective of the level of the coolant in the container 2.
  • venturi 13 causes the ambient air to be drawn in, circulation is caused as long as evaporation takes place, so that the temperature in the storage space is homogeneous.
  • Figure 2 shows a lateral cross-section view of the preferred design of the cooling unit shown in Figure 1.
  • the uppermost 14 and the lowest 15 heat exchangers can be clearly seen; the latter is an additional heat exchanger.
  • the uppermost one reaches to the ceiling of the storage space 9. Cooling is obtained in the heat exchangers by the transfer of heat by way of the evaporated nitrogen.
  • the level in the container 2 can be determined by a probe 15.
  • Figure 3 contains a flow diagram of the preferred design of Figures 1 and 2. There are two types of flows: that of the evaporated coolant 16 (completely black triangle) and that of the ambient air 17 (triangle with O).
  • the liquid nitrogen 3 in the container 2 evaporates and provides cooling of the storage space by way of the first heat exchanger 18 and also provides for the ambient air to be drawn in.
  • the ambient air is drawn in through a venturi 13, so that circulation is created in the storage space, with the ambient air mixing with the evaporated coolant which has passed through the first heat exchanger. This mixture is returned to the environment, which constitutes a second heat exchanger 19.
  • a third heat exchanger 20 is fitted to the base of the container 2.
  • Figure 4 contains a flow diagram comparable to that of Figure 3.
  • a different pressure-regulating system is used in this design, in which pressure-regulating elements 21 and a cut-off valve 22 are switched in series or in parallel.
  • a further flow of liquid nitrogen is introduced into the storage space by other pressure-regulating elements 24 and temperature measurements 23 by way of pipe 25. Thermally controlled cooling of the storage space is caused in this way. The additional flow may cause additional mixing with the output flow - ambient air - of the evaporated nitrogen.
  • FIG. 5 contains a diagram of the moisture trap and the venturi according to the invention.
  • the moisture trap 27 consists of a pipe 30 for the ambient air; the low temperature T E dominates the moisture trap 27 is caused by the presence in direct or counter-flow of evaporated coolant, through which the moisture in the ambient air is frozen solid to the wall of the pipe 30. In this way ice 29 is formed on this wall 30.
  • the flow of evaporated coolant is then led to the input of the venturi 28 by way of heat exchangers.
  • the temperature T HE is the temperature of the coolant after exchanging heat with the storage space and for preference is lower than the temperature T AA of the ambient air from the moisture trap in order to exclude all phenomena of freezing from the venturi.
  • Ambient air is drawn in through the constriction and mixing with the evaporated coolant and the ambient air which has been drawn in takes place; this is released into the storage space at point 31.
  • a cooling unit according to the invention is used for preference in a storage space, e.g., a container or the body of a lorry used for the transport and distribution of foods.
  • a calculation using the logistical data, such as transport time and ambient temperature and the volume of the storage space will enable the coolant level in the container to be adjusted. This level can be read off by means of a probe determining the level, for example. In this way regular cooling over time and in the storage space which satisfies all European standards for the transport of cooled and frozen foods.
EP97114434A 1996-08-29 1997-08-21 Kühlaggregat Expired - Lifetime EP0826937B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1003915A NL1003915C2 (nl) 1996-08-29 1996-08-29 Koelinrichting.
NL1003915 1996-08-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0826937A1 true EP0826937A1 (de) 1998-03-04
EP0826937B1 EP0826937B1 (de) 2003-07-16

Family

ID=19763434

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97114434A Expired - Lifetime EP0826937B1 (de) 1996-08-29 1997-08-21 Kühlaggregat

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0826937B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE245270T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69723515D1 (de)
NL (1) NL1003915C2 (de)
ZA (1) ZA977372B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006016555A1 (de) * 2006-04-07 2007-10-11 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbauen eines Überdrucks in einem Tank für verflüssigtes Gas eines Kühlfahrzeugs sowie Kühlsystem für ein Kühlfahrzeug und Kühlfahrzeug
DE102006016559A1 (de) * 2006-04-07 2007-10-11 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Wärmetauscher für ein mobiles Kühlfahrzeug
DE102006016557A1 (de) * 2006-04-07 2007-10-11 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Kühlfahrzeug mit externem Kühlmodul und Kühlverfahren

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1593918B1 (de) 2004-05-06 2013-03-13 Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH Indirekte Kühlung bei Kühlfahrzeugen
EP1659355A3 (de) 2004-11-17 2008-02-13 Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH Kühlverfahren und Kühlvorrichtung für Kühlfahrzeuge

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3163022A (en) * 1963-01-21 1964-12-29 Z Z Corp Refrigeration system employing expendable refrigerant
US3271970A (en) * 1962-10-29 1966-09-13 Pennsylvania Wmb Inc Insulated cold storage rooms or similar enclosures
US3447336A (en) * 1967-09-22 1969-06-03 Pullman Inc Refrigeration arrangement
US3447334A (en) * 1967-12-07 1969-06-03 Garrett Corp Environmental system for preservation of perishables
GB1594576A (en) * 1976-11-16 1981-07-30 Boc Ltd Refrigeration apparatus
US4576010A (en) * 1983-10-18 1986-03-18 Nhy-Temp, Inc. Cryogenic refrigeration control system
EP0576134A1 (de) * 1992-06-10 1993-12-29 The Boc Group, Inc. Kühlverfahren und Vorrichtung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3271970A (en) * 1962-10-29 1966-09-13 Pennsylvania Wmb Inc Insulated cold storage rooms or similar enclosures
US3163022A (en) * 1963-01-21 1964-12-29 Z Z Corp Refrigeration system employing expendable refrigerant
US3447336A (en) * 1967-09-22 1969-06-03 Pullman Inc Refrigeration arrangement
US3447334A (en) * 1967-12-07 1969-06-03 Garrett Corp Environmental system for preservation of perishables
GB1594576A (en) * 1976-11-16 1981-07-30 Boc Ltd Refrigeration apparatus
US4576010A (en) * 1983-10-18 1986-03-18 Nhy-Temp, Inc. Cryogenic refrigeration control system
EP0576134A1 (de) * 1992-06-10 1993-12-29 The Boc Group, Inc. Kühlverfahren und Vorrichtung

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006016555A1 (de) * 2006-04-07 2007-10-11 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbauen eines Überdrucks in einem Tank für verflüssigtes Gas eines Kühlfahrzeugs sowie Kühlsystem für ein Kühlfahrzeug und Kühlfahrzeug
DE102006016559A1 (de) * 2006-04-07 2007-10-11 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Wärmetauscher für ein mobiles Kühlfahrzeug
DE102006016557A1 (de) * 2006-04-07 2007-10-11 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Kühlfahrzeug mit externem Kühlmodul und Kühlverfahren
US9506681B2 (en) 2006-04-07 2016-11-29 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and device for generating a positive pressure in a tank for liquefied gas on a refrigerated vehicle and a cooling system for a refrigerated vehicle and a refrigerated vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL1003915C2 (nl) 1998-03-04
ZA977372B (en) 1998-02-19
EP0826937B1 (de) 2003-07-16
ATE245270T1 (de) 2003-08-15
DE69723515D1 (de) 2003-08-21

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