EP0814315B1 - Rocket - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0814315B1
EP0814315B1 EP97109628A EP97109628A EP0814315B1 EP 0814315 B1 EP0814315 B1 EP 0814315B1 EP 97109628 A EP97109628 A EP 97109628A EP 97109628 A EP97109628 A EP 97109628A EP 0814315 B1 EP0814315 B1 EP 0814315B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rudder
rocket
actuator
elbow lever
connecting rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97109628A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0814315A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Dipl.-Ing. Leidenberger (Fh)
Martin Dipl.-Ing. Staudenmeir (Fh)
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Schröppel (FH)
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Diehl Stiftung and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl Stiftung and Co KG
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Publication of EP0814315A1 publication Critical patent/EP0814315A1/en
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Publication of EP0814315B1 publication Critical patent/EP0814315B1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/60Steering arrangements
    • F42B10/62Steering by movement of flight surfaces
    • F42B10/64Steering by movement of flight surfaces of fins

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a missile according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular an air-to-air missile medium range with external attachments (such as air intakes), the so-called fairings.
  • DE 41 35 557 A1 is a rudder control device for a missile with an actuator drivable spindle known, one against twisting secured and moving between two end stops Carrier mother runs, by means of which one Lever a rudder shaft swiveling about an adjustment axis is.
  • this known rudder control device the servomotor and the spindle about a to the longitudinal axis of the spindle vertical Swivel axle pivoted.
  • the one with the rudder shaft connected lever is on a driving axis Driving mother articulated.
  • the pendulum axis, the Driving axis and the actuating axis lie to each other parallel.
  • this rudder control device is the Actuator in the vicinity of the associated rudder arranged.
  • DE 34 41 533 A1 describes a coupling device between a linear actuator and a swivel element, esp. for a fluid dynamic rudder one steerable projectile, the pivoting element with a radially protruding swivel arm from its axis of rotation is equipped, which is transverse to the sliding axis of the Actuator, which in turn is oriented transversely to the axis of rotation is engaged with the actuator.
  • the actuator for the actuator is preferably in the neighborhood of the associated rudder.
  • a rocket with an engine for launching into one ballistic trajectory over a given target area, above which the payload is to be released is known from EP 0 636 852 A1 known.
  • This well-known missile comes with a Flight controller for controlling a rudder control system equipped with a navigation receiver current location coordinates can be updated.
  • the flight controller including rudder setting system, the navigation receiver, a roll position sensor and the energy supply in the shell of the missile ogive placed in front of the warhead.
  • this rocket is expediently a canard oar.
  • the invention has for its object to a rocket create, in which a corresponding rudder from one remote actuator can be operated as required, i.e. is adjustable, the corresponding Coupling device between the said rudder and the associated actuator and the storage of the corresponding Ruders are designed to save space.
  • the rocket according to the invention has the advantages that the first and the second actuator in the Extension of the corresponding fairing, i.e. can be easily assigned to the corresponding fairing can, and that it with the respective second actuator the associated second, from said the second actuator removed the rudder as desired adjust, the structurally simple Coupling device between the respective second Actuator and the associated second rudder in the in Circumferential direction of the missile structure extending channel space can be accommodated to save space.
  • Fig. 1 shows a rocket in a schematic representation 10 partially cut away in a front view.
  • the Missile 10 has fairings 12 assigned to fairings 12 first rudder 14 and the fairings 12 and the first rudders 14 diametrically opposite second rudder 16.
  • the Rudder 14 and 16 each have a bearing member 18, with which the corresponding rudder 14, 16 in the missile 10 around the associated, radially oriented rudder axis 20 is adjustable.
  • are among the first oars 14 assigned first actuators 22 and to the second Rowing 16 associated second actuators 24 are provided are schematically indicated as blocks.
  • the first and second actuators 22 and 24 are the fairings 12 assigned, i.e. in the fairings 12 or after the fairings 12 arranged.
  • Each respective second actuator 24 is with the bearing member 18 of the respectively associated second rudder 16 by means of a Coupling device 26 operatively connected, which is in The circumferential direction of the missile 10 extends.
  • the Coupling devices 26 are shown schematically in FIG curved arrows indicated, they are each in one channel space 28 extending in the circumferential direction of the missile 10 arranged movably.
  • the respective channel space 28 extends So from the corresponding fairing 12 to the corresponding one second rudder 16.
  • the bearing members 18 of the first rudder 14 are assigned to the fairings 12 outside the missile 10, provided so that they are not so space-saving need, as the bearing members 18 of the second rudder 16th
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a first embodiment the coupling device 26 between a second rudder 16 and the associated second actuator 24, which as curved rack element 30 is formed. That in Channel space 28 movable in its longitudinal direction Rack element 30 has at least on its two distal end portions 32 and 34, respectively a set of teeth 36. The teeth 36 can of course also over the entire length of the Rack element 30 extend. The adjustability of the Rack element 30 in its longitudinal direction is through the arc-shaped arrow 38 indicated.
  • the actuator 24 has an actuator gear 40 connected, which is indicated by the arrow 42.
  • the Actuator gear 40 meshes with the teeth 36 on the End portion 34 of the rack element 30. Will that Actuator gear 40 in one direction or the other rotated, the rack element moves 30 in the direction of the double arrow 38 of the rack element 30 provided teeth 36 combs with one with the bearing member 18 of the associated second Rudder 16 connected rudder gear 44.
  • the movement of the Rack element 30 corresponding to the arcuate Double arrow 38 consequently results in a pivoting of the associated second rudder 16 about its rudder axis 20.
  • One of the respective second actuators 24 stands in Rocket longitudinal direction oriented push rod 50 away.
  • the push rod 50 are two spaced apart Toggle lever elements 52 articulated.
  • the two Toggle lever elements 52 are in the corresponding channel space 28 Bearing axes 54 pivotally mounted.
  • the two As can be seen in FIG. 4, toggle lever elements 52 are in relation to one another oriented in the opposite direction to the bearing axes 54 pivoted.
  • the Push rod 50 In the area between the two connecting axes 62, by means of which the toggle lever elements 52 with the Push rod 50 are pivotally connected, is the Push rod 50 with a distance adjusting device 64 provided, with the help of a fine adjustment between the Push rod 50 and the bearing member 18 of the corresponding second rudder 16 via the two toggle elements 52 and the rod elements 48 is possible.
  • a drive of the push rod 50 in the direction of arrow 66 is a movement of the rod elements 48th implemented in the direction of arrows 68, which in turn into a Rotation of the corresponding second rudder 16 around its Rudder axis 20 in the direction of the curved arrow 69 is implemented. Movement of the push rod 50 in Arrow 66 in the opposite direction consequently leads to one Swiveling the second rudder 16 about its rudder axis 20 in the opposite direction.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 illustrate a preferred one Formation of the sections indicated schematically Rocket 10, in which the coupling device 26 between second actuator 24 and associated second rudder 16 flexible, non-stretchable connecting element 70 has, which is formed by two cable sections 72.
  • Each of the two cable sections 72 is with its one End with a toggle element 52 and with its second End connected to a tensioning device 74 (see FIG. 6), the bearing member 18 of said second rudder 16 assigned.
  • the two cable sections span 72 rollers 76, which are mounted on a frame 78.
  • the frame 78 with the rollers 76 and with those abutting the rollers 76 Cable section 72 is in a channel space 28 of the rocket 10 accommodated to save space.
  • Fig. 7 shows sections in a sectional view Missile structure 80 in the area of a second rudder 16, the missile structure 80 and the second rudder 16 only are drawn in sections.
  • a flat disc 84 At foot 82 of the second Rudder 16 is attached to a flat disc 84, which for the second rudder 16 forms the bearing member 18.
  • the A hat-like profile bearing organ disc 84 is between the missile structure 80 and a bearing cover 86 rotatably mounted. This storage takes place, for example by means of balls 88 which are in circular grooves 90, 92 and 94 are formed.
  • the groove 90 is on here a flat platform 96 of the rocket structure 80.
  • the two grooves 92 are in an outer edge region 98 Bearing organ disc 84 formed and the circumferential groove 94 is formed on the inside of the bearing cover 86.
  • the bearing member disk 84 is also by means of a Bearing device 100 on the missile structure 80 around its Rudder axis 20 rotatably mounted.
  • the Sealing member 102 protects the space between the missile structure 80 and the bearing cover 86 against external influences.
  • Fig. 7 Designated clamping device with which the two Cable sections 72 of the flexible connecting element 70 can be tensioned as desired.
  • Fig. 7 only one of the two cable sections 72 of the flexible Connecting element 70 visible.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates furthermore the frame 78 with rollers 76, on which the flexible connecting element 70 abuts with low friction or is led.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Rakete gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1, insbesondere eine Luft-Luft-Rakete mittlerer Reichweite mit außenliegenden Anbauten (wie z.B. Lufteinlässen), den hier sogenannten Fairings.The invention relates to a missile according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular an air-to-air missile medium range with external attachments (such as air intakes), the so-called fairings.

Aus der DE 41 35 557 A1 ist eine Ruderstelleinrichtung für einen Flugkörper mit einer durch einen Stellmotor antreibbaren Spindel bekannt, auf der eine gegen Verdrehen gesicherte und zwischen zwei Endanschlägen wandernde Mitnahmemutter läuft, mittels welcher über einen Hebel eine Ruderwelle um eine Stellachse schwenkbar ist. Bei dieser bekannten Ruderstelleinrichtung sind der Stellmotor und die Spindel um eine zur Spindel-Längsachse senkrechte Pendelachse schwenkbar gelagert. Der mit der Ruderwelle verbundene Hebel ist an einer Mitnahmeachse der Mitnahmemutter angelenkt. Die Pendelachse, die Mitnahmeachse und die Stellachse liegen zueinander parallel. Bei dieser Ruderstelleinrichtung ist der Stellmotor in der Nachbarschaft des zugehörigen Ruders angeordnet.DE 41 35 557 A1 is a rudder control device for a missile with an actuator drivable spindle known, one against twisting secured and moving between two end stops Carrier mother runs, by means of which one Lever a rudder shaft swiveling about an adjustment axis is. In this known rudder control device the servomotor and the spindle about a to the longitudinal axis of the spindle vertical Swivel axle pivoted. The one with the rudder shaft connected lever is on a driving axis Driving mother articulated. The pendulum axis, the Driving axis and the actuating axis lie to each other parallel. With this rudder control device is the Actuator in the vicinity of the associated rudder arranged.

Die DE 34 41 533 A1 beschreibt eine Kopplungseinrichtung zwischen einem Linear-Stellglied und einem Schwenkelement, insbes. für ein strömungsdynamisches Steuerruder eines lenkbaren Geschosses, wobei das Schwenkelement mit einem von seiner Drehachse radial vorstehenden Schwenkarm ausgestattet ist, der quer zur Schiebeachse des Stellgliedes, die ihrerseits quer zur Drehachse orientiert ist, mit dem Stellglied in Eingriff steht. Auch hier befindet sich der Antrieb für das Stellglied vorzugsweise in der Nachbarschaft des zugehörigen Steuerruders.DE 34 41 533 A1 describes a coupling device between a linear actuator and a swivel element, esp. for a fluid dynamic rudder one steerable projectile, the pivoting element with a radially protruding swivel arm from its axis of rotation is equipped, which is transverse to the sliding axis of the Actuator, which in turn is oriented transversely to the axis of rotation is engaged with the actuator. Here too the actuator for the actuator is preferably in the neighborhood of the associated rudder.

Eine Rakete mit einem Motor für ihren Start in eine ballistische Flugbahn über ein vorgegebenes Zielgebiet, über dem die Nutzlast freizugeben ist, ist aus der EP 0 636 852 A1 bekannt. Diese bekannte Rakete ist mit einem Flugregler für die Steuerung eines Ruder-Stellsystems ausgestattet, der aus einem Navigations-Empfänger mit aktuellen Ortskoordinaten aktualisierbar ist. Bei dieser bekannten Rakete sind der Flugregler samt Ruder-Stellsystem, der Navigations-Empfänger, ein Roll-Lagesensor und die Energieversorgung in der Hülle der Raketen-Ogive vor dem Gefechtskopf angeordnet. Bei den Steuerrudern dieser Rakete handelt es sich zweckmässigerweise um Canard-Ruder. A rocket with an engine for launching into one ballistic trajectory over a given target area, above which the payload is to be released is known from EP 0 636 852 A1 known. This well-known missile comes with a Flight controller for controlling a rudder control system equipped with a navigation receiver current location coordinates can be updated. At this well-known rocket are the flight controller including rudder setting system, the navigation receiver, a roll position sensor and the energy supply in the shell of the missile ogive placed in front of the warhead. At the rudder this rocket is expediently a canard oar.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Rakete zu schaffen, bei welcher ein entsprechendes Ruder von einem entfernt liegenden Aktuator wunschgemäss betätigbar, d.h. verstellbar, ist, wobei die entsprechende Kopplungseinrichtung zwischen dem besagten Ruder und dem zugehörigen Aktuator sowie die Lagerung des entsprechenden Ruders platzsparend ausgebildet sind.The invention has for its object to a rocket create, in which a corresponding rudder from one remote actuator can be operated as required, i.e. is adjustable, the corresponding Coupling device between the said rudder and the associated actuator and the storage of the corresponding Ruders are designed to save space.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Aus- bzw. Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemässen Rakete sind durch die Ansprüche 2 bis 5 und insbes. durch die Ansprüche 6 bis 10 gekennzeichnet.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1 solved. Preferred training or further education of Missile according to the invention are defined in claims 2 to 5 and in particular characterized by claims 6 to 10.

Zu dieser Lösung der vorliegenden Aufgabenstellung trägt es ersichtlich nicht bei, daß es aus der GB-A-807 183 für eine nicht steuerbare Rakete vorbekannt ist, die aerodynarnische Beanspruchung ihrer (nicht als Ruder verschwenkbaren) Stabilisierungsflossen während des Startvorganges über ein mechanisches oder pneumatisches Hebelsystem im Raketenrumpf auf Blechlaschen an der Austrittsöffnung des Raketenmotors einwirken zu lassen, die dadurch mehr oder weniger weit radial in den Abgasstrahl hineingeschoben werden, um diesen aus der koachsialen Richtung abzulenken und dadurch räumlichen Instabilitäten im Zuge des Abhebens der Rakete entgegenzuwirken. Mit Ende der Startbeschleunigung wird dieses Abgas-Ablenksystem in neutraler Stellung blockiert, so daß es schon deshalb längs der Raketenbahn keinen Einfluß auf die Kinematik der Rakete mehr hat. Wie man dagegen eine Bahnbeeinflussung mit einstellbaren Steuerungsrudern realisieren könnte, für deren Stellantriebe in der Raketenhülle aber gar kein Einbauraum verfügbar ist, dazu ist nichts herleitbar aus jener Stabilisierungseinrichtung mittels Abgasumlenkung.Obviously, it does not contribute to this solution to the problem at hand that it does GB-A-807 183 is known for a non-controllable missile, the aerodynamic Strain on their stabilizing fins (which cannot be swiveled as oars) during the Starting process via a mechanical or pneumatic lever system in the rocket fuselage Allow sheet metal tabs to act on the exit port of the rocket engine are pushed more or less radially into the exhaust gas jet to get it out of the to deflect the coaxial direction and thereby spatial instabilities in the course of the Counteract the rocket's take off. At the end of the acceleration, this will Exhaust deflection system blocked in a neutral position, so that it is therefore along the Rocket orbit no longer has any influence on the kinematics of the rocket. How To Mind One Could influence web control with adjustable control rudders, for their Actuators in the rocket shell but no installation space is available, that's nothing can be derived from that stabilization device by means of exhaust gas deflection.

Die erfindungsgemässe Rakete weist die Vorteile auf, dass der erste und der zweite Aktuator problemlos in der Verlängerung des entsprechenden Fairing untergebracht, d.h. dem entsprechenden Fairing problemlos zugeordnet werden können, und dass es mit dem jeweiligen zweiten Aktuator präzise möglich ist, das zugehörige zweite, vom besagten zweiten Aktuator entfernte Ruder wunschgemäss zu verstellen, wobei die konstruktiv einfach gestaltete Kopplungseinrichtung zwischen dem jeweiligen zweiten Aktuator und dem zugehörigen zweiten Ruder in dem in Umfangsrichtung der Raketen-Struktur verlaufenden Kanalraum platzsparend unterbringbar ist.The rocket according to the invention has the advantages that the first and the second actuator in the Extension of the corresponding fairing, i.e. can be easily assigned to the corresponding fairing can, and that it with the respective second actuator the associated second, from said the second actuator removed the rudder as desired adjust, the structurally simple Coupling device between the respective second Actuator and the associated second rudder in the in Circumferential direction of the missile structure extending channel space can be accommodated to save space.

Insbesondere die Ausbildung der erfindungsgemässen Rakete mit den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 6 bis 13 weist unter anderem die nachfolgend aufgeführten Vorteile auf -:

  • Der jeweilige zweite Aktuator konvertiert vorzugsweise mittels eines Kugelgewindetriebes das Drehmoment des zugehörigen Antriebsmotors, bei dem es sich vorzugsweise um einen DC-Motor handelt, in eine Druck-oder Zugkraft;
  • die Kniehebel-Elemente, die mit der Schubstange verbunden sind, lenken diese Druck- bzw. Zugkraft rechtwinkelig um;
  • das flexible Verbindungselement, bei dem es sich um einen Seil- oder Kabelzug handelt, überträgt die Zugkraft des entsprechenden Kniehebel-Elementes zum Lagerorgan, wobei das zweite Kniehebel-Element einen Bewegungs- und Kraftausgleich ergibt, so dass der entsprechende Abschnitt des Seil- bzw. Kabelzuges entlastet wird;
  • durch die Lagerung des Seil- oder Kabelzuges an Gleitrollen ergibt sich eine vergleichsweise kleine Reibung;
  • der Seil- oder Kabelzug weist eine formschlüssige Befestigung zum Lagerorgan des entsprechenden zweiten Ruders auf und ist mit Hilfe einer geeigneten Spanneinrichtung vorgespannt, so dass Schlupffreiheit gegeben ist;
  • jede Betätigung der Schubstange ergibt eine gewünschte präzise Verstellung des am entsprechenden Lagerorgan angebrachten Ruders; und
  • um einen unproblematischen Einbau zu gewährleisten, weist die Schubstange eine Abstands-Einstellvorrichtung auf, mit welcher mögliche Fehlstellungen zwischen den beiden Kniehebel-Elementen problemlos ausgleichbar sind.
In particular, the design of the missile according to the invention with the features of claims 6 to 13 has the advantages listed below, among others:
  • The respective second actuator preferably converts the torque of the associated drive motor, which is preferably a DC motor, into a compressive or tensile force by means of a ball screw drive;
  • the toggle elements, which are connected to the push rod, deflect this pressure or tensile force at right angles;
  • the flexible connecting element, which is a cable or cable pull, transmits the tensile force of the corresponding toggle lever element to the bearing member, the second toggle lever element providing movement and force compensation, so that the corresponding section of the cable or Cable pull is relieved;
  • By storing the cable or cable pull on rollers, there is a comparatively small friction;
  • the cable or cable pull has a form-fitting attachment to the bearing element of the corresponding second rudder and is pretensioned with the aid of a suitable tensioning device, so that there is no slippage;
  • each actuation of the push rod results in a desired precise adjustment of the rudder attached to the corresponding bearing element; and
  • In order to ensure unproblematic installation, the push rod has a distance adjustment device with which possible misalignments between the two toggle lever elements can be easily compensated for.

Die oben genannte bevorzugte Ausbildung weist desweiteren die folgenden Vorteile auf -:

  • Eine kleine Baugrösse, die genau dem vorgegebenen Einbauraum entspricht;
  • Spielfreiheit zwischen Antrieb und zugehörigem zweiten Ruder;
  • hohe Steifigkeit aufgrund des vorgespannten Kugelgewindetriebes und des vorgespannten Seil- bzw. Kabelzuges;
  • symmetrische Anordnung durch jeweils zwei Seil- bzw. Kabelzüge, so dass ein Verkanten zuverlässig vermieden wird;
  • entspannte Einbautoleranzen aufgrund der Einstellbarkeit mit Hilfe der Abstands-Einstelleinrichtung;
  • grosse Freiheit im Design für eine mögliche Neuanordnung der Raketen-Komponenten;
  • Verwendbarkeit vorhandener ausgereifter Aktuatoren;
  • hochbelastbare Ruderlagerung; und
  • unempfindliches Design, um den Umweltanforderungen zu entsprechen.
The above preferred training also has the following advantages:
  • A small size that corresponds exactly to the specified installation space;
  • Clearance between drive and associated second rudder;
  • high rigidity due to the preloaded ball screw drive and the preloaded cable or cable pull;
  • symmetrical arrangement by two cable or cable pulls, so that tilting is reliably avoided;
  • relaxed installation tolerances due to the adjustability with the aid of the distance setting device;
  • great freedom in design for a possible rearrangement of the rocket components;
  • Availability of existing mature actuators;
  • heavy-duty rudder bearing; and
  • insensitive design to meet environmental requirements.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausbildungen der erfindungsgemässen Rakete.Further details, features and advantages emerge from the following description of in the drawing schematically illustrated training of missile according to the invention.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
schematisch in einer Vorderansicht eine Rakete mit zwei Fairings und dementsprechend vier Rudern mit zugehörigen in einer Blockdarstellung gezeichneten Aktuatoren,
Fig. 2
schematisch eine Teilansicht der Rakete gemäss Fig. 1 mit einer ersten Ausbildung der Kopplungseinrichtung zwischen zweitem Aktuator und zugehörigem zweiten Ruder,
Fig. 3
eine der Fig. 2 ähnliche schematische Darstellung zur Verdeutlichung einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Kopplungseinrichtung zwischen zweitem Aktuator und zugehörigem zweiten Ruder,
Fig. 4
eine Prinzip-Ansicht in Blickrichtung des Pfeiles IV in Fig. 3, aus welcher ersichtlich ist, dass die Kopplungseinrichtung zwei zueinander parallel orientierte Stangenelemente aufweist,
Fig. 5
eine der Fig. 4 ähnliche Darstellung zur schematischen Verdeutlichung einer bevorzugten Ausbildung der Kopplungseinrichtung zwischen einem zweiten Aktuator und zugehörigem zweiten Ruder,
Fig. 6
eine Teilansicht in Blickrichtung der Pfeile VI-VI in Fig. 5 zur Verdeutlichung der mit den beiden biegeflexiblen, nicht dehnbaren Verbindungselementen der Kopplungseinrichtung zwischen zweitem Aktuator und zugehörigem zweiten Ruder zusammenwirkenden Spanneinrichtung, und
Fig. 7
in einer Schnittdarstellung eine Ausbildung der Lagerung eines zweiten Ruders mittels des zugehörigen Lagerorgans.
Show it:
Fig. 1
schematically in a front view a rocket with two fairings and accordingly four rudders with associated actuators shown in a block diagram,
Fig. 2
1 shows schematically a partial view of the rocket according to FIG. 1 with a first embodiment of the coupling device between the second actuator and the associated second rudder,
Fig. 3
2 shows a schematic illustration similar to FIG. 2 to illustrate a second embodiment of the coupling device between the second actuator and the associated second rudder,
Fig. 4
3 shows a principle view in the direction of arrow IV in FIG. 3, from which it can be seen that the coupling device has two rod elements oriented parallel to one another,
Fig. 5
4 shows a representation similar to FIG. 4 to schematically illustrate a preferred embodiment of the coupling device between a second actuator and associated second rudder,
Fig. 6
5 shows a partial view in the direction of arrows VI-VI in FIG. 5 to illustrate the tensioning device interacting with the two flexurally flexible, inextensible connecting elements of the coupling device between the second actuator and associated second rudder, and
Fig. 7
in a sectional view, an embodiment of the storage of a second rudder by means of the associated bearing member.

Fig. 1 zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung eine Rakete 10 in einer Frontansicht teilweise aufgeschnitten. Die Rakete 10 weist Fairings 12, den Fairings 12 zugeordnete erste Ruder 14 sowie den Fairings 12 bzw. den ersten Rudern 14 diametral gegenüberliegende zweite Ruder 16 auf. Die Ruder 14 und 16 weisen jeweils ein Lagerorgan 18 auf, mit welchem das entsprechende Ruder 14, 16 in der Rakete 10 um die zugehörige, radial orientierte Ruderachse 20 verstellbar ist. Zu diesem Zwecke sind zu den ersten Rudern 14 zugeordnete erste Aktuatoren 22 und zu den zweiten Rudern 16 zugehörige zweite Aktuatoren 24 vorgesehen, die schematisch als Blöcke angedeutet sind. Die ersten und zweiten Aktuatoren 22 und 24 sind den Fairings 12 zugeordnet, d.h. in den Fairings 12 oder im Anschluss an die Fairings 12 angeordnet.Fig. 1 shows a rocket in a schematic representation 10 partially cut away in a front view. The Missile 10 has fairings 12 assigned to fairings 12 first rudder 14 and the fairings 12 and the first rudders 14 diametrically opposite second rudder 16. The Rudder 14 and 16 each have a bearing member 18, with which the corresponding rudder 14, 16 in the missile 10 around the associated, radially oriented rudder axis 20 is adjustable. For this purpose, are among the first oars 14 assigned first actuators 22 and to the second Rowing 16 associated second actuators 24 are provided are schematically indicated as blocks. The first and second actuators 22 and 24 are the fairings 12 assigned, i.e. in the fairings 12 or after the fairings 12 arranged.

Jeder jeweilige zweite Aktuator 24 ist mit dem Lagerorgan 18 des jeweils zugehörigen zweiten Ruders 16 mittels einer Kopplungseinrichtung 26 wirkverbunden, die sich in Umfangsrichtung der Rakete 10 erstreckt. Die Kopplungseinrichtungen 26 sind in Fig. 1 schematisch durch bogenförmige Pfeile angedeutet, sie sind jeweils in einem in Umfangsrichtung der Rakete 10 verlaufenden Kanalraum 28 beweglich angeordnet. Der jeweilige Kanalraum 28 erstreckt sich also vom entsprechenden Fairing 12 zum zugehörigen zweiten Ruder 16. Die Lagerorgane 18 der ersten Ruder 14 sind ausserhalb der Rakete 10, den Fairings 12 zugeordnet, vorgesehen, so dass sie nicht so platzsparend zu sein brauchen, wie die Lagerorgane 18 der zweiten Ruder 16.Each respective second actuator 24 is with the bearing member 18 of the respectively associated second rudder 16 by means of a Coupling device 26 operatively connected, which is in The circumferential direction of the missile 10 extends. The Coupling devices 26 are shown schematically in FIG curved arrows indicated, they are each in one channel space 28 extending in the circumferential direction of the missile 10 arranged movably. The respective channel space 28 extends So from the corresponding fairing 12 to the corresponding one second rudder 16. The bearing members 18 of the first rudder 14 are assigned to the fairings 12 outside the missile 10, provided so that they are not so space-saving need, as the bearing members 18 of the second rudder 16th

Fig. 2 verdeutlicht schematisch eine erste Ausführungsform der Kopplungseinrichtung 26 zwischen einem zweiten Ruder 16 und dem zugehörigen zweiten Aktuator 24, welche als gebogenes Zahnstangenelement 30 ausgebildet ist. Das im Kanalraum 28 in seiner Längsrichtung bewegliche Zahnstangenelement 30 weist zumindest an seinen beiden voneinander entfernten Endabschnitten 32 und 34 jeweils eine Zahnung 36 auf. Die Zahnung 36 kann sich selbstverständlich auch über die gesamte Länge des Zahnstangenelementes 30 erstrecken. Die Verstellbarkeit des Zahnstangenelementes 30 in seiner Längsrichtung ist durch den bogenförmigen Pfeil 38 angedeutet.2 schematically illustrates a first embodiment the coupling device 26 between a second rudder 16 and the associated second actuator 24, which as curved rack element 30 is formed. That in Channel space 28 movable in its longitudinal direction Rack element 30 has at least on its two distal end portions 32 and 34, respectively a set of teeth 36. The teeth 36 can of course also over the entire length of the Rack element 30 extend. The adjustability of the Rack element 30 in its longitudinal direction is through the arc-shaped arrow 38 indicated.

Der Aktuator 24 ist mit einem Aktuator-Zahnrad 40 verbunden, was durch den Pfeil 42 angedeutet ist. Das Aktuator-Zahnrad 40 kämmt mit der Zahnung 36 an dem Endabschnitt 34 des Zahnstangenelementes 30. Wird das Aktuator-Zahnrad 40 in die eine oder andere Richtung gedreht, so erfolgt eine Bewegung des Zahnstangenelementes 30 in Richtung des Doppelpfeiles 38. Die am Endabschnitt 32 des Zahnstangenelementes 30 vorgesehene Zahnung 36 kämmt mit einem mit dem Lagerorgan 18 des zugehörigen zweiten Ruders 16 verbundenen Ruder-Zahnrad 44. Die Bewegung des Zahnstangenelementes 30 entsprechend dem bogenförmigen Doppelpfeil 38 ergibt folglich eine Verschwenkung des zugehörigen zweiten Ruders 16 um seine Ruderachse 20.The actuator 24 has an actuator gear 40 connected, which is indicated by the arrow 42. The Actuator gear 40 meshes with the teeth 36 on the End portion 34 of the rack element 30. Will that Actuator gear 40 in one direction or the other rotated, the rack element moves 30 in the direction of the double arrow 38 of the rack element 30 provided teeth 36 combs with one with the bearing member 18 of the associated second Rudder 16 connected rudder gear 44. The movement of the Rack element 30 corresponding to the arcuate Double arrow 38 consequently results in a pivoting of the associated second rudder 16 about its rudder axis 20.

Um das oftmals nicht zuverlässig auszuschliessende Spiel zwischen dem Aktuator-Zahnrad 40 und der zugehörigen Zahnung 36 am Endabschnitt 34 des Zahnstangenelementes 30 bzw. das Spiel zwischen der Zahnung 36 am Endabschnitt 32 des Zahnstangenelementes 30 und dem Ruderzahnrad 44 zu vermeiden, kann die Kopplungseinrichtung 26 zwischen dem jeweiligen zweiten Aktuator 24 und dem zugehörigen zweiten Ruder 16 mindestens ein gekrümmtes Verbindungselement 46, vorzugsweise zwei voneinander beabstandete und zueinander parallel orientierte gekrümmte Verbindungselemente 46 aufweisen, wie aus den Figuren 3 und 4 ersichtlich ist. Die von längenunveränderlichen Stangenelementen 48 gebildeten Verbindungselemente 46 sind auch bei dieser Ausbildung der Rakete 10 in zugehörigen Kanalräumen 28 in Umfangsrichtung der Rakete 10 beweglich angeordnet, wobei die Figuren 3 und 4 jeweils nur einen dieser Kanalräume 28 zeigen.In order to avoid the game that is often not reliably excluded between the actuator gear 40 and the associated one Teeth 36 at the end section 34 of the rack element 30 or the play between the teeth 36 at the end section 32 of the rack element 30 and the rudder gear 44 avoid the coupling device 26 between the respective second actuator 24 and the associated second Rudder 16 at least one curved connecting element 46, preferably two spaced apart from each other parallel oriented curved connecting elements 46 have, as can be seen from Figures 3 and 4. The formed by rod elements 48 which are invariable in length Connecting elements 46 are also in this embodiment Missile 10 in associated channel spaces 28 in the circumferential direction the rocket 10 is arranged movably, the figures 3 and 4 each show only one of these channel spaces 28.

Von dem jeweiligen zweiten Aktuator 24 steht eine in Raketenlängsrichtung orientierte Schubstange 50 weg. Mit der Schubstange 50 sind zwei voneinander beabstandete Kniehebelelemente 52 gelenkig verbunden. Die beiden Kniehebelelemente 52 sind im entsprechenden Kanalraum 28 um Lagerachsen 54 verschwenkbar gelagert. Die beiden Kniehebelelemente 52 sind -wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist-zueinander entgegengesetzt orientiert an den Lagerachsen 54 schwenkbar gelagert.One of the respective second actuators 24 stands in Rocket longitudinal direction oriented push rod 50 away. With the push rod 50 are two spaced apart Toggle lever elements 52 articulated. The two Toggle lever elements 52 are in the corresponding channel space 28 Bearing axes 54 pivotally mounted. The two As can be seen in FIG. 4, toggle lever elements 52 are in relation to one another oriented in the opposite direction to the bearing axes 54 pivoted.

Vom Lagerorgan 18 des entsprechenden zweiten Ruders 16 stehen radial Ansätze 56 weg, die mit den gekrümmten Stangenelementen 48 mittels Kugelgelenken 58 verbunden sind. Mit den beiden Kniehebelelementen 52 sind die Stangenelemente 48 mittels Kugelgelenken 60 verbunden. Die Kugelgelenke 58 und 60 sind in Fig. 4 durch Blöcke schematisch angedeutet.From the bearing member 18 of the corresponding second rudder 16 are radial approaches 56 away with the curved Rod elements 48 connected by means of ball joints 58 are. With the two toggle elements 52 are the Rod elements 48 connected by means of ball joints 60. The Ball joints 58 and 60 are in Fig. 4 by blocks indicated schematically.

Im Bereich zwischen den beiden Verbindungsachsen 62, mittels welchen die Kniehebelelemente 52 mit der Schubstange 50 schwenkbeweglich verbunden sind, ist die Schubstange 50 mit einer Abstands-Einstelleinrichtung 64 versehen, mit deren Hilfe eine Feinjustierung zwischen der Schubstange 50 und dem Lagerorgan 18 des entsprechenden zweiten Ruders 16 über die beiden Kniehebelelemente 52 und die Stangenelemente 48 möglich ist.In the area between the two connecting axes 62, by means of which the toggle lever elements 52 with the Push rod 50 are pivotally connected, is the Push rod 50 with a distance adjusting device 64 provided, with the help of a fine adjustment between the Push rod 50 and the bearing member 18 of the corresponding second rudder 16 via the two toggle elements 52 and the rod elements 48 is possible.

Ein Antrieb der Schubstange 50 in Richtung des Pfeiles 66 (sh. Fig. 4) wird in eine Bewegung der Stangenelemente 48 in Richtung der Pfeile 68 umgesetzt, die wiederum in eine Drehung des entsprechenden zweiten Ruders 16 um seine Ruderachse 20 in Richtung des bogenförmigen Pfeiles 69 umgesetzt wird. Eine Bewegung der Schubstange 50 in zum Pfeil 66 entgegengesetzter Richtung führt folglich zu einer Verschwenkung des zweiten Ruders 16 um seine Ruderachse 20 im entgegengesetzten Drehsinn.A drive of the push rod 50 in the direction of arrow 66 (see FIG. 4) is a movement of the rod elements 48th implemented in the direction of arrows 68, which in turn into a Rotation of the corresponding second rudder 16 around its Rudder axis 20 in the direction of the curved arrow 69 is implemented. Movement of the push rod 50 in Arrow 66 in the opposite direction consequently leads to one Swiveling the second rudder 16 about its rudder axis 20 in the opposite direction.

Gleiche Einzelheiten sind in den Figuren 3 und 4 mit denselben Bezugsziffern bezeichnet wie in den Figuren 1 und 2, so dass es sich erübrigt, in Verbindung mit den Figuren 3 und 4 alle diese Einzelheiten noch einmal detailliert zu beschreiben.The same details are in Figures 3 and 4 with the same reference numerals as in Figures 1 and 2, so that it is unnecessary in connection with the figures 3 and 4 all these details again in detail describe.

Die Figuren 5 und 6 verdeutlichen eine bevorzugte Ausbildung der abschnittweise schematisch angedeuteten Rakete 10, bei welcher die Kopplungseinrichtung 26 zwischen zweitem Aktuator 24 und zugehörigem zweiten Ruder 16 ein biegeflexibles nicht dehnbares Verbindungselement 70 aufweist, das von zwei Seilzugabschnitten 72 gebildet ist. Jeder der beiden Seilzugabschnitte 72 ist mit seinem einen Ende mit einem Kniehebelelement 52 und mit seinem zweiten Ende mit einer Spanneinrichtung 74 verbunden (sh. Fig. 6), die dem Lagerorgan 18 des besagten zweiten Ruders 16 zugeordnet ist. Um die Reibungsverluste möglichst klein zu halten, überspannen die beiden Seilzugabschnitte 72 Rollen 76, die an einem Rahmen 78 gelagert sind. Der Rahmen 78 mit den Rollen 76 und mit den an den Rollen 76 anliegenden Seilzugabschnitten 72 ist in einem Kanalraum 28 der Rakete 10 platzsparend untergebracht.Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a preferred one Formation of the sections indicated schematically Rocket 10, in which the coupling device 26 between second actuator 24 and associated second rudder 16 flexible, non-stretchable connecting element 70 has, which is formed by two cable sections 72. Each of the two cable sections 72 is with its one End with a toggle element 52 and with its second End connected to a tensioning device 74 (see FIG. 6), the bearing member 18 of said second rudder 16 assigned. To keep the friction losses as small as possible hold, the two cable sections span 72 rollers 76, which are mounted on a frame 78. The frame 78 with the rollers 76 and with those abutting the rollers 76 Cable section 72 is in a channel space 28 of the rocket 10 accommodated to save space.

Gleiche Einzelheiten sind in den Figuren 5 und 6 mit denselben Bezugsziffern wie in den Figuren 1 bis 4 bezeichnet, so dass es sich erübrigt, in Verbindung mit den Figuren 5 und 6 alle diese Einzelheiten noch einmal detailliert zu beschreiben. The same details are in Figures 5 and 6 with the same reference numerals as in Figures 1 to 4 referred to, so that it is unnecessary in connection with the Figures 5 and 6 all these details again to describe in detail.

Fig. 7 zeigt abschnittweise in einer Schnittdarstellung die Raketen-Struktur 80 im Bereich eines zweiten Ruders 16, wobei die Raketen-Struktur 80 und das zweite Ruder 16 nur abschnittweise gezeichnet sind. Am Fuss 82 des zweiten Ruders 16 ist eine flache Scheibe 84 befestigt, welche für das zweite Ruder 16 das Lagerorgan 18 bildet. Die ein hutartiges Profil aufweisende Lagerorgan-Scheibe 84 ist zwischen der Raketen-Struktur 80 und einem Lagerdeckel 86 drehbar gelagert. Diese Lagerung erfolgt beispielsweise mittels Kugeln 88, die in kreisförmig umlaufenden Rillen 90, 92 und 94 ausgebildet sind. Die Rille 90 ist hierbei an einem ebenen Podest 96 der Raketen-Struktur 80 ausgebildet. Die beiden Rillen 92 sind in einem Aussenrandbereich 98 der Lagerorgan-Scheibe 84 ausgebildet und die umlaufende Rille 94 ist an der Innenseite des Lagerdeckels 86 ausgebildet. Die Lagerorgan-Scheibe 84 ist ausserdem mittels einer Lagereinrichtung 100 an der Raketen-Struktur 80 um ihre Ruderachse 20 drehbar gelagert.Fig. 7 shows sections in a sectional view Missile structure 80 in the area of a second rudder 16, the missile structure 80 and the second rudder 16 only are drawn in sections. At foot 82 of the second Rudder 16 is attached to a flat disc 84, which for the second rudder 16 forms the bearing member 18. The A hat-like profile bearing organ disc 84 is between the missile structure 80 and a bearing cover 86 rotatably mounted. This storage takes place, for example by means of balls 88 which are in circular grooves 90, 92 and 94 are formed. The groove 90 is on here a flat platform 96 of the rocket structure 80. The two grooves 92 are in an outer edge region 98 Bearing organ disc 84 formed and the circumferential groove 94 is formed on the inside of the bearing cover 86. The bearing member disk 84 is also by means of a Bearing device 100 on the missile structure 80 around its Rudder axis 20 rotatably mounted.

Zwischen der Lagerorgan-Scheibe 84 und dem Lagerdeckel 86 ist ein Dichtungselement 102 vorgesehen. Das Dichtungselement 102 schützt den Raum zwischen der Raketen-Struktur 80 und dem Lagerdeckel 86 gegen äussere Einflüsse.Between the bearing member washer 84 and the bearing cover 86 a sealing element 102 is provided. The Sealing member 102 protects the space between the missile structure 80 and the bearing cover 86 against external influences.

Mit der Bezugsziffer 74 ist auch in Fig. 7 die Spanneinrichtung bezeichnet, mit welcher die beiden Seilzug-Abschnitte 72 des flexiblen Verbindungselementes 70 wunschgemäss spannbar sind. In Fig. 7 ist nur einer der beiden Seilzug-Abschnitte 72 des flexiblen Verbindungselementes 70 sichtbar. Die Fig. 7 verdeutlicht desweiteren den Rahmen 78 mit Rollen 76, an welchen das flexible Verbindungselement 70 reibungsarm anliegt bzw. geführt ist.With the reference number 74 is also in Fig. 7 Designated clamping device with which the two Cable sections 72 of the flexible connecting element 70 can be tensioned as desired. In Fig. 7, only one of the two cable sections 72 of the flexible Connecting element 70 visible. Fig. 7 illustrates furthermore the frame 78 with rollers 76, on which the flexible connecting element 70 abuts with low friction or is led.

Claims (10)

  1. A rocket (10) having at least one additional structure (12) disposed on its outer circumference,
    characterized in that
    a first rudder (14) and a second rudder (16), which is offset in circumferential direction in relation to the first, are associated with the additional structure, said rudders being provided with bearing components (18) for movements of adjustment around their axes (20) and with actuators (22, 24) which are accommodated in or on the additional structure,
    and in that coupling means (26) are provided which act on the second rudder (16) from the actuator (24) of the second rudder (16) through a channel area (28) running in direction of circumference of the rocket structure.
  2. A rocket according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the respective coupling means (26) are formed by a curved toothed-rack element (30), which has a toothing (36) at least on each of its two end portions (32, 34), an actuator toothed wheel (40), which is connected to the associated second actuator (24), meshing in one toothing (36) and a rudder toothed wheel (44), which is connected to the bearing component (18) of the associated second. rudder (16), meshing in the other toothing (36).
  3. A rocket according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the respective second actuator (24) has a connecting rod (50) oriented in longitudinal direction of the rocket, and
    in that the associated coupling means (26) have at least one curved connecting element (46) which is linked to the connecting rod (50) by means of a fixed elbow lever element (52) and to the bearing component (18) of the associated second rudder (16) in such a way as to transmit torque.
  4. A rocket according to Claim 3,
    characterized in that
    the connecting element (46), of which there is at least one, consists of a rigid rod element (48), which is connected to the associated elbow lever element (52) by means of a first ball-and-socket joint (60) and which is connected to the bearing component (18) of the associated second rudder (16) by means of a second ball-and-socket joint (58).
  5. A rocket according to Claim 3 or 4,
    characterized in that
    two elbow lever elements (52), which are axially spaced apart, are linked to the connecting rod (50), said elbow lever elements (52) being oriented opposite one another as regards their fixed mounting,
    and in that two curved rod elements (48) are provided which are axially spaced apart and are flexibly connected to the elbow lever elements (52) and to the bearing component (18) of the associated second rudder (16).
  6. A rocket according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the respective second actuator (24) has a connecting rod (50) oriented in longitudinal direction of the rocket, and
    in that the associated coupling means (26) have a flexible but not extensible connecting element (70) which is linked to the connecting rod (50) by means of two elbow lever elements (52), which are axially spaced apart and are oriented opposite one another as regards their fixed mounting, and to the bearing component (18) of the associated second rudder (16).
  7. A rocket according to Claim 6,
    characterized in that
    the bearing component (18) of the respective second rudder (16) is provided with a tensioning device (74).
  8. A rocket according to Claim 6,
    characterized in that
    the flexible but not extensible connecting element (70) rests against rollers (76).
  9. A rocket according to Claim 8,
    characterized in that
    the rollers (76) are mounted on a frame (78) disposed in the channel area (28) of the rocket (10) or are mounted directly in the channel area (28) of the rocket (10).
  10. A rocket according to Claim 5 or 6,
    characterized in that
    the connecting rod (50) has distance-adjusting means (64) between the two elbow lever elements (52).
EP97109628A 1996-06-18 1997-06-13 Rocket Expired - Lifetime EP0814315B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19624187 1996-06-18
DE19624187A DE19624187C1 (en) 1996-06-18 1996-06-18 rocket

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0814315A1 EP0814315A1 (en) 1997-12-29
EP0814315B1 true EP0814315B1 (en) 2001-10-17

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DE (2) DE19624187C1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2374055B (en) * 2000-10-07 2004-08-04 Bayern Chemie Gmbh Flugchemie A rudder blade guidance arrangement for missiles
DE102015005135A1 (en) 2015-04-22 2016-10-27 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Missile rudder system
DE102018133216A1 (en) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-25 Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag Guided missile with several controllable wings and with a drive arrangement with a rotatable rotor
US11465728B2 (en) * 2019-05-30 2022-10-11 Pliant Energy System LLC Aerial swimmer apparatuses, methods and systems
RU2723772C1 (en) * 2019-07-25 2020-06-17 Акционерное общество "Машиностроительное конструкторское бюро "Факел" имени Академика П.Д. Грушина" Missile control system

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH359930A (en) * 1956-03-19 1962-01-31 G A R Von Zborowski Helmut Ph Self-propelled aerial mobile
US3843075A (en) * 1973-06-11 1974-10-22 Atomic Energy Commission Roll rate control system
GB2164612B (en) * 1979-09-10 1986-09-03 British Aerospace Vehicles fitted with thrust vector control systems
DE3441533A1 (en) * 1984-11-14 1986-05-15 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg COUPLING DEVICE BETWEEN A LINEAR ACTUATOR AND A SWIVELING ELEMENT, IN PARTICULAR A CONTROL LEVER
DE4135557C2 (en) * 1991-10-29 1999-05-06 Diehl Stiftung & Co Rudder control device
DE4325218C2 (en) * 1993-07-28 1998-10-22 Diehl Stiftung & Co Artillery missile and method for increasing the performance of an artillery missile

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Publication number Publication date
DE59704927D1 (en) 2001-11-22
EP0814315A1 (en) 1997-12-29
DE19624187C1 (en) 1998-01-15

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