EP0807785B1 - Abhitzekessel - Google Patents

Abhitzekessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0807785B1
EP0807785B1 EP96830278A EP96830278A EP0807785B1 EP 0807785 B1 EP0807785 B1 EP 0807785B1 EP 96830278 A EP96830278 A EP 96830278A EP 96830278 A EP96830278 A EP 96830278A EP 0807785 B1 EP0807785 B1 EP 0807785B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
flow
duct
chamber
recovery boiler
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96830278A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0807785A1 (de
Inventor
Dario Colombo
Antonio Crespi
Giuseppe Silva
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AC Boilers SpA
Original Assignee
Ansaldo Energia SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ansaldo Energia SpA filed Critical Ansaldo Energia SpA
Priority to DE69610551T priority Critical patent/DE69610551T2/de
Priority to AT96830278T priority patent/ATE196797T1/de
Priority to EP96830278A priority patent/EP0807785B1/de
Publication of EP0807785A1 publication Critical patent/EP0807785A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0807785B1 publication Critical patent/EP0807785B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1861—Waste heat boilers with supplementary firing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
    • F22B1/1815—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines using the exhaust gases of gas-turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat-recovery boiler for generating steam from a flow of hot gases, of the type including a supply manifold for delivering the flow to a chamber which houses a plurality of tube nests for water and/or steam, and at least one burner in the supply manifold for the post-combustion of the gases.
  • Heat-recovery boilers of the type specified are known. They are used in so-called combined cycle thermoelectric power plants which generally include one or more gas turbines used to produce electricity and which generate a flow of hot gases which is sent to the heat-recovery boiler.
  • the steam produced in the heat-recovery boiler is used in a steam cycle which uses a steam turbine in turn connected to a generator unit.
  • the gas flow entering the heat-recovery boiler is brought to a higher temperature than that of the gases leaving the gas turbines. This temperature depends upon the value of the combustible-gas flow rate which is delivered to the burner.
  • the auxiliary combustion is limited in order to contain the temperature within values which are compatible with the nature of the heat-recovery boilers used, which are normally housed in ducts which are not cooled and which use finned tubes for almost all the heat exchange surfaces.
  • these temperatures which are of the order of 600-700°C, are sufficient to ensure that the combustion reaction occurs properly when the auxiliary fuel is natural gas or gas from refineries with a high calorific value.
  • auxiliary fuel is a so-called poor combustible gas, obtained as the by-product of various petroleum and iron and steel processes, it is however necessary to use a temperature of the order of 1000°C or more in order to sustain the combustion reaction.
  • CH-A-394 248 discloses a heat-recovery boiler according to the preamble of claim 1 with a branch at the supply manifold which defines a first hot gas duct containing several evaporators and a second hot gas duct containing several superheaters.
  • the technical problem at the basis of the present invention consists of devising a heat-recovery boiler which enables the problem mentioned above with reference to the prior art to be overcome.
  • the main advantage of the heat-recovery boiler according to the invention lies in the fact that it provides a zone suitable for the combustion of poor combustible gases at an adequate reaction temperature with a flow of combustion-supporting gas to the burner which is limited to that necessary for supplying the oxygen for the combustion reaction.
  • a heat-recovery boiler for generating steam according to the invention is indicated 1. It is used in a combined-cycle thermoelectric power plant, not shown, which employs a series of gas turbines which produce a flow A of hot gases at a flow rate which varies according to the operating conditions of the plant.
  • the heat-recovery boiler 1 includes a rectangular-section supply manifold 2 through which the hot gases are conveyed from the gas turbines and a branch 3 in the manifold 2 which defines a first duct and a second duct, indicated 4 and 5 respectively, for the hot gases.
  • the first and second ducts 4, 5 together present a rectangular cross-section to the hot gas flow which conserves the cross-sectional width of the supply manifold 2 while the branch 3 extends upwardly, the first and second ducts 4, 5 being superposed and having a common edge 6 which divides the hot gas flow A horizontally.
  • the section of the first duct 4 is larger than that of the second duct 5.
  • the first duct 4 has a first inclined portion 7 extending from the branch 3 and a second horizontal portion 8.
  • the first inclined portion 7 of the first duct 4 includes a first adjustable baffle shutter 9 comprising a plurality of flow-divider plates.
  • the second duct 5 which extends horizontally beneath the inclined portion 7 of the first duct 4 has a second adjustable baffle shutter 18 similar to the first.
  • the boiler 1 includes a main chamber 10 which houses a plurality of tube nests 11 for water and/or steam arranged vertically and connected to a plurality of manifolds 12.
  • the main chamber 10 which is substantially box-shaped, is bounded by walls 10 and has two open ends, an inlet end 14 and an outlet end 15 respectively, in opposite sides.
  • the inlet end 14 of the main chamber 10 is divided into an upper inlet portion 16 and a lower inlet portion 17.
  • the first duct 4 is connected directly to the upper inlet portion 16 of the open inlet end 14 of the main chamber 10.
  • the boiler 1 further includes a pre-chamber 19 intermediate the second duct 5, to which it is connected, and the lower inlet portion 17 of the open inlet end 14.
  • pre-chamber 19 which underlies the horizontal portion 8 of the first duct 4, opens to the main chamber 10.
  • the boiler 1 further includes a burner 20 for the post-combustion of the combustible gas housed in the second duct 5 at the inlet to the pre-chamber 19.
  • the second adjustable shutter 18 in the second duct 5 is located upstream of the burner 20 in the direction of the hot gas flow A.
  • the combustible gas may be an industrial gas from the petroleum or iron and steel industries.
  • the pre-chamber 19 houses some 21 of the plurality of tube nests 11. More particularly, the tube nests 21 include a tube nest 22 for super-heating the steam produced in the boiler 1 and a tube nest 23, downstream of the nest 22 in the direction of the flow A, for re-heating steam coming from a stage of the steam turbine supplied by the heat-recovery boiler 1.
  • the outlet end 15 of the main chamber 10 is connected to a chimney 24 through which the exhaust gas flow is discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the gas flow A coming from a series of gas turbines or a single gas turbine is conveyed to the supply manifold 2 and from there to the branch 3 where it is divided into two separate gas flows.
  • the magnitudes of the two flow rates which will pass through the first and second ducts 4, 5 depend on the reciprocal opening of the adjustable shutters 9, 18 in the ducts 4, 5 as well as on the flow cross-sections of the ducts 4, 5 which, with the shutters 9, 18 completely open, are such that the flow through the second duct 5 is less than the flow through the first duct 4.
  • the shutters are however mutually positioned so as to minimise resistance to the flow.
  • the hot gases which flow through the first duct 4 flow directly into the main chamber 10 of the heat-recovery boiler 1 and impinge upon the tube nests 11 therein.
  • the hot gases which pass through the second duct 5 traverse the burner 20 supplied with a regulable flow of combustible gas. Post-combustion of the hot gases thus occurs in the burner 20 and the temperature of the hot gases themselves is thus raised before they flow over the tube nests 21 in the pre-chamber 19.
  • the pre-chamber 19 prevents the immediate mixing of the post-combustion gases with the unburnt gases in the first duct 4.
  • the hot gases are kept at a high temperature and are preferably used for superheating steam in the tube nest 22 and for heating steam coming from the turbine which processes the steam from the boiler 1, this steam being withdrawn, for example, from the high-pressure stages.
  • the heat recovery boiler 1 according to the invention is also extremely flexible in use.
  • adjustable shutters are adjusted as indicated above, it is possible to make partial use of the gas turbines connected to the heat-recovery boiler and a variation in the oxygen content and/or the temperature of the gases produced. Such variations are inevitable in the working life of a gas turbine.
  • Such regulation is particularly useful when it is necessary to burn combustible support gases of different qualities, that is, just as they are produced by the petrol or iron and steel industries.
  • the variations in the flow of hot gases to the burner are accompanied by corresponding variations in the supply of combustible support gas to the burner.
  • the boiler according to the invention is simple and economical to manufacture with the use of conventional components in an innovative manner.
  • the components which are subject to high temperatures are also kept separate from other components so as to facilitate maintenance of the boiler.
  • the more effective capacity for the temperature control within the heat-recovery boiler according to the invention enables the quantity of toxic compounds discharged through the chimney to be reduced.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Abhitzekessel (1) zur Erzeugung von Dampf aus einer Strömung (A) heißer Gase mit einem Einspeiserohr (2) zur Einleitung der Strömung (A) heißer Gase in eine Kammer (10), die mehrere Rohrbündel (11) für Wasser und/oder Dampf beherbergt, wobei das Einspeiserohr (2) wenigstens einen Brenner (20) für die Nachverbrennung der Gase enthält,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       daß das Einspeiserohr (2) aus einer ersten Heißgasleitung (4) und einer zweiten Heißgasleitung (5) besteht, die von einer Verzweigung (3) begrenzt sind und sich in die Kammer (10) öffnen, daß die erste Heißgasleitung (4) für den direkten Zufluß der heißen Gase in die Kammer (10) direkt mit der Kammer (10) verbunden ist und daß die zweite Heißgasleitung (5) wenigstens einen Brenner (20) und auf der stromabwärtigen Seite des Brenners (20) eine Vorkammer (19) enthält, die sich in die Kammer (10) öffnet und einige (21) der mehreren Rohrbündel (11) enthält, darunter wenigstens ein Rohrbündel (22) zur Dampfüberhitzung und wenigstens ein Rohrbündel (23) für die Wiedererhitzung von Dampf aus einer von dem Abhitzekessel gespeisten Dampfturbine, wobei die Temperatur der Nachverbrennungsgase, die die Vorkammer (19) durchlaufen haben, in der Nähe der Temperatur von unverbrannten Gasen liegt, die die erste Heißgasleitung (4) direkt durchlaufen haben.
  2. Abhitzekessel (10) nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die erste Leitung (4) einen Durchflußquerschnitt für die Strömung (A) heißer Gase hat, der größer ist als derjenige der zweiten Leitung (5).
  3. Abhitzekessel (10) nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die erste Leitung (4) ein einstellbares Verschlußorgan (9) enthält.
  4. Abhitzekessel (10) nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die zweite Leitung (5) auf der in Richtung der Strömung (A) heißer Gase stromaufwärtigen Seite des Brenners (20) ein einstellbares Verschlußorgan (18) aufweist.
EP96830278A 1996-05-14 1996-05-14 Abhitzekessel Expired - Lifetime EP0807785B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69610551T DE69610551T2 (de) 1996-05-14 1996-05-14 Abhitzekessel
AT96830278T ATE196797T1 (de) 1996-05-14 1996-05-14 Abhitzekessel
EP96830278A EP0807785B1 (de) 1996-05-14 1996-05-14 Abhitzekessel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96830278A EP0807785B1 (de) 1996-05-14 1996-05-14 Abhitzekessel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0807785A1 EP0807785A1 (de) 1997-11-19
EP0807785B1 true EP0807785B1 (de) 2000-10-04

Family

ID=8225909

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96830278A Expired - Lifetime EP0807785B1 (de) 1996-05-14 1996-05-14 Abhitzekessel

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0807785B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE196797T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69610551T2 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3428527A1 (de) * 2017-07-14 2019-01-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Überhitzer- und nachbrennerdampftemperatursteuerung über einen abgasbypass

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1193063B (de) * 1960-03-03 1965-05-20 Walther & Cie Ag Abhitze-Roehrendampferzeuger mit Zusatzfeuerung
DE1158523B (de) * 1960-08-05 1963-12-05 Schmidt Sche Heissdampf Einrichtung zur Ausnutzung des Waermeinhaltes von Gasturbinenabgasen zur Beheizung eines Dampfueberhitzers
CH528702A (de) * 1970-09-08 1972-09-30 Sulzer Ag Abgasdampferzeuger
BE857109A (fr) * 1977-07-25 1978-01-25 Sulzer Ag Generateur de vapeur a recuperation de chaleur perdue
US5628183A (en) * 1994-10-12 1997-05-13 Rice; Ivan G. Split stream boiler for combined cycle power plants
US5461853A (en) * 1994-11-30 1995-10-31 The Babcock & Wilcox Company HRSG boiler design with air staging and gas reburn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE196797T1 (de) 2000-10-15
DE69610551T2 (de) 2002-03-07
DE69610551D1 (de) 2000-11-09
EP0807785A1 (de) 1997-11-19

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