EP0796048A1 - Mikroorganismen, enzyme und deren verwendung - Google Patents

Mikroorganismen, enzyme und deren verwendung

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Publication number
EP0796048A1
EP0796048A1 EP95940360A EP95940360A EP0796048A1 EP 0796048 A1 EP0796048 A1 EP 0796048A1 EP 95940360 A EP95940360 A EP 95940360A EP 95940360 A EP95940360 A EP 95940360A EP 0796048 A1 EP0796048 A1 EP 0796048A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formulation according
formulation
enzymes
animal feed
organisms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95940360A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stephen Phillip Mann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Biotal Ltd
Original Assignee
Biotal Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biotal Ltd filed Critical Biotal Ltd
Publication of EP0796048A1 publication Critical patent/EP0796048A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01001—Alpha-amylase (3.2.1.1)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
    • A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
    • A23K30/18—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging using microorganisms or enzymes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01004—Cellulase (3.2.1.4), i.e. endo-1,4-beta-glucanase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01006—Endo-1,3(4)-beta-glucanase (3.2.1.6)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01008—Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (3.2.1.8)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/0101—Oligo-1,6-glucosidase (3.2.1.10), i.e. sucrase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01015—Polygalacturonase (3.2.1.15)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01021—Beta-glucosidase (3.2.1.21)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01028—Alpha,alpha-trehalase (3.2.1.28)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01037—Xylan 1,4-beta-xylosidase (3.2.1.37)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01055—Alpha-N-arabinofuranosidase (3.2.1.55)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01091—Cellulose 1,4-beta-cellobiosidase (3.2.1.91)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y304/00—Hydrolases acting on peptide bonds, i.e. peptidases (3.4)
    • C12Y304/24—Metalloendopeptidases (3.4.24)
    • C12Y304/24028—Bacillolysin (3.4.24.28)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/61—Propionibacterium

Definitions

  • This invention relates to micro-organisms, enzymes and their use.
  • it relates to the use of micro ⁇ organisms and/or enzymes to improve or enhance the performance, e.g. growth or weight gain, of farm animals and the value of the feed they receive.
  • WO-A-9210945 (and the corresponding US Patent No. 5432074, the content of which is incorporated by reference) describe the utility of micro-organisms and enzymes in enhancing the value of prepared silage. Micro-organisms can also be used to enhance animal performance, as described in WO-A-9313786 (and the corresponding US Patent Application Serial No. 08/255,657, the content of which is incorporated by reference) .
  • feeds In ruminant animals, under normal grazing conditions, the feed is predominantly vegetable fibre. Other feeds are however commonplace, particularly where husbandry practice becomes intensive and concentrated rations are required to be delivered to penned or stalled animals. Such feeds include brans from maize, rice and wheat, whole crop maize, sorghum, wheat, oats and barley. By-products include palm kernel, and citrus pulp and even paper. At the other extreme, high starch diets include whole and rolled grains of wheat, maize barley and sorghum. Each presents its own particular problems to the organisms present in the rumen which, under normal grazing regimes, are and have evolved to be admirably adapted to the extraction of energy from grass.
  • a further problem is associated with nutrition in the practice of ruminant husbandry.
  • high starch-containing feeds e.g. cereals such as wheat, barley, maize or sorghum
  • Much of the starch can by-pass the digestive system of the ruminant altogether.
  • One solution has been to roll, treat with chemicals, or to steam-flake the grain. This only serves to exacerbate the problems associated with acidosis.
  • enzyme treatments whether with fibre, starch, or protein- degrading enzymes, can push the ruminant into an acidotic condition when used as a treatment with steam-flaking or as a stand-alone treatment.
  • the task for the modern nutritionist is therefore to maintain the natural rumen fermentation process, increase the nutritive value of the feed, and increase starch utilisation, while preserving the natural balance of the organisms of the ruminal fermentation.
  • the removal of prophylactic antibiotics is also thought to be desirable, in the interests of environmental ecology.
  • the biological ingredients and additives that will effect the desired improvement in the husbandry of the animal and the utilisation of the feed can be divided into two groups, i.e. micro-organisms and enzymes.
  • micro-organisms i.e., treatment of acute or sub-acute acidosis usually requires that the treatment is applied prophylactically on a daily basis. Single treatments will result in only a partial solution of the problem.
  • the maintenance of the desired condition of the rumen may be achieved by the addition of one or more organisms that are normally found in the rumen.
  • the re- establishment of fibre digestion can be achieved by the addition of ruminal fibre-degrading bacteria and fungi.
  • the ruminal pH must first be raised to a pH close to 6.5 and be maintained there before this can be done. This can be achieved by adding one or more organisms capable of metabolising lactic and other acids. These are exemplified by the genera Propionibacter, Selenomona ⁇ , Velionella , and Megasphaera . Certain Bacilli may also utilise lactic acid without VFA production.
  • organisms can act by ensuring the anaerobicity of the rumen, promoting the natural flora and enhancing the effects of the oxygen- intolerant lactic acidteils.
  • facultative organisms include lactic acid bacteria such as L . acidophilus and yeasts.
  • Fibre utilisation may be improved by the use of cellulases, hemicellulases, and enzymes degrading oligosaccharides as low as disaccharides.
  • Starch utilisation can be enhanced by the use of a ylases and/or amylopectinases. A significant improvement can be found where proteinases are used to degrade that protein encapsulating the starch granule, thus permitting greater access of the enzymes to the starch. In all these cases, the condition of the rumen needs to be maintained and the use of the enzymes with one or more of the organisms is preferred.
  • enzyme treatment is particularly suitable for whole crop forage which includes a high starch content, for the maintenance of rumen condition.
  • whole crop forage which includes a high starch content
  • enzyme treatment is particularly suitable for whole crop forage which includes a high starch content, for the maintenance of rumen condition.
  • wheat oats and barley as a feed for ruminants are increasing where maize cannot be grown.
  • These cereals are normally harvested with a high dry matter and treated with urea.
  • An alternative treatment is described in WO-A-9210945. In either case, a formulation of the invention is then administered with the treated whole crop silage.
  • the enzyme and micro-organisms will have completed much of their effects well before the fodder is ingested.
  • the whole crop may now be used as a carrier for the enzymes that are required for a further enhanced degradation in the rumen.
  • the enzymes that cannot be used in the preparation of the silage, because of the enhanced risk of effluent production with a subsequent loss of nutrients, may now be added to the fodder immediately prior to ingestion. On being carried into the rumen, they will function under the controlled conditions that are present there.
  • Enzyme preparations may be administered direct to the animal or more conveniently to the fodder at the time of ingestion.
  • the enzyme activities will in this case be guided to that group of enzymes capable of fibre degradation but will include the group of enzymes more normally associated with pectin degradation. Suitable enzymes are given in Example 5.
  • the treatment of sublicinical acidosis can be achieved by the addition of a viable lactic acid organism, together with another organism capable of reducing the oxygen tension in the rumen.
  • Viable cells of a lactate user e.g. Megasphaera elsendenii and an oxygen user e.g. Lactobacxllus acidophilus at daily dose rates of between 1 x 10 3 and 1 x 10 11 and between 1 x 10 and 1 x 10 10 achieve satisfactory control of the acid production in the rumen whether produced from starch or other fermentable materials.
  • Dose rates of 5 x 10 8 and 1 x 109 for Megasphaera and Lactobacxllus are currently being used in an American feed yard with animals on high starch rations under intensive conditions.
  • a formulation contains the following enzyme activities: 1,3-(1,3;1,4)- ⁇ -D-glucan-3(4)-glucanohydrolase EC 3.2.1.6 l,3-(l,3;l,4)- ⁇ -D-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase EC 3.2.1.4 ⁇ -D-Glucoside hydrolase EC 3.2.1.21
  • a formulation contains four of the activities tabulated in Example 2, i.e. EC 3.2.1.1, EC 3.2.1.8, EC 3.2.1.37 and EC 3.2.1.55, plus bacillolysin EC 3.4.24.28.
  • Whole grain wheat is treated with this formulation plus one or both of the micro-organisms given in Example 1 and fed within a short period of time, to allow the enzymes to continue to function in the rumen. This procedure gives feeding values close to those of rolled or crushed grain.
  • a formulation contains the activities listed in Example 2, plus bacillolysin EC 3.4.24.28.
  • a formulation contains the activities tabulated in Example 2, plus poly(l,4-D-galacturonide) glucanohydrolase EC 3.2.1.15 and poly-(methoxy- -galacturonide) lyase EC 4.2.2.10.
  • This formulation is dispersed on forage and administered to cows, optionally with one or both of the organisms of Example 1, to increase milk yield.
  • Preparations and their activities will vary according to the fodder used and its proportion in the diet but typically will give rise to an increase in growth rate over controls or similarly an increase in 1 to 2 litres of milk in a dairy cow.
  • Amylase in the case of fibre digestion is likely to of greatest value in leguminous silages. In all cases the rate of fibre digestion is best achieved by the maintenance of a good fibre digestion ability in the rumen. This is achieved in conjunction with one or more of the organisms indicated in earlier Examples.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
EP95940360A 1994-12-07 1995-12-07 Mikroorganismen, enzyme und deren verwendung Withdrawn EP0796048A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9424661A GB9424661D0 (en) 1994-12-07 1994-12-07 Enzymes, microorganisms and their use
GB9424661 1994-12-07
PCT/GB1995/002903 WO1996017525A1 (en) 1994-12-07 1995-12-07 Micro-organisms, enzymes, and their use

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0796048A1 true EP0796048A1 (de) 1997-09-24

Family

ID=10765531

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95940360A Withdrawn EP0796048A1 (de) 1994-12-07 1995-12-07 Mikroorganismen, enzyme und deren verwendung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0796048A1 (de)
GB (1) GB9424661D0 (de)
WO (1) WO1996017525A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7022684B2 (en) 2000-05-24 2006-04-04 Pfizer Inc. Treatment of rumen acidosis with α-amylase inhibitors
US7550172B2 (en) 2004-02-27 2009-06-23 Purina Mills, Llc Selective feeding of starch to increase milk production in ruminants
WO2006026763A1 (en) 2004-09-01 2006-03-09 Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. Ferulate esterase producing strains and methods of using same
US7919683B2 (en) 2006-11-13 2011-04-05 Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. Cloning and sequencing of the ferulate esterase gene from Lactobacillus buchneri LN4017
US8603551B1 (en) 2009-07-02 2013-12-10 Forage Genetics International, Llc Selective feeding of starch to increase meat, egg production or feed conversion in poultry
BR112013027103B1 (pt) 2011-04-20 2019-12-24 Forage Genetics International, Llc. método para medir uma fração de fibras não digeridas no rúmen em uma ração a fim de diminuir os custos com ração ou melhorar a produção ou rendimento de leite
US11071313B2 (en) 2013-02-20 2021-07-27 Palm Silage, Inc. Palm-based animal feed
US11064717B2 (en) 2013-02-20 2021-07-20 Palm Silage, Inc. Palm-based animal feed
US9822334B2 (en) 2014-03-07 2017-11-21 Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. Rapid acting lactobacillus strains and their use to improve aerobic stability of silage

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0071858A1 (de) * 1981-08-06 1983-02-16 Miles Laboratories, Inc. Silierkonservierung mit Propionsäure erzeugenden Mikroorganismen
JP2743005B2 (ja) * 1989-01-30 1998-04-22 日本食品化工株式会社 酵素法による単糖類の新規製造法
AU7676791A (en) * 1990-04-18 1991-11-11 Ssv-Development Oy Enzyme treated forage for silage
GB9027303D0 (en) * 1990-12-17 1991-02-06 Enzymatix Ltd Enzyme formulation
LT3208B (en) * 1992-04-10 1995-03-27 Ssv Dev Oy Enzyme products for use in the improvement of feed value and conservation of fibrous crops
GB9315275D0 (en) * 1993-07-23 1993-09-08 Biotal Ltd Formulation for treating silage
US5861271A (en) * 1993-12-17 1999-01-19 Fowler; Timothy Cellulase enzymes and systems for their expressions

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9617525A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996017525A1 (en) 1996-06-13
GB9424661D0 (en) 1995-02-01

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