EP0785129B1 - Cycloidal propeller, especially for ship propulsion - Google Patents

Cycloidal propeller, especially for ship propulsion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0785129B1
EP0785129B1 EP19960120876 EP96120876A EP0785129B1 EP 0785129 B1 EP0785129 B1 EP 0785129B1 EP 19960120876 EP19960120876 EP 19960120876 EP 96120876 A EP96120876 A EP 96120876A EP 0785129 B1 EP0785129 B1 EP 0785129B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
kinematics
blade
gear
blades
cycloidal propeller
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP19960120876
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0785129A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Perfahl
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Voith Hydro Holding GmbH and Co KG
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Voith Hydro GmbH and Co KG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/04Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction
    • B63H1/06Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction with adjustable vanes or blades
    • B63H1/08Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction with adjustable vanes or blades with cyclic adjustment
    • B63H1/10Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction with adjustable vanes or blades with cyclic adjustment of Voith Schneider type, i.e. with blades extending axially from a disc-shaped rotary body

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cycloidal propeller with held in the stator Rotor body pivoted, transverse to the direction of advance extending wings (1), the rotor axis of rotation and the Wing pivot axes run parallel to each other and the adjustment of the Wing over a linkage forming the wing kinematics by means of a central joystick can be effected.
  • a cycloidal propeller is described in the Voith special print 1803 "The construction of today's Voith-Schneider propellers" (Special print from Voith research and construction, Issue 18, Article 3, May 67). A similar description can be found in the Voith special edition 9.94 2000.
  • Cycloidal propellers in the German layout specification DE-AS 21 41 569.
  • US-A-2 532 235 also describes a control device for one Cycloidal propeller, with which it is possible to both the direction of thrust also adjust the pitch of the propeller.
  • the kinematics of the Cycloidal propellers consist essentially of toothed Elements.
  • a cycloidal propeller with a gear drive is Wing movement described, in which multi-part wing is used become.
  • a gear segment as a drive Wing part used.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zykloidalpropeller mit an im Stator gehaltenen Rotorkörper schwenkbar gelagerten, sich quer zur Vortriebsrichtung erstreckenden Flügeln (1), wobei die Rotordrehachse und die Flügelschwenkachsen zueinander parallel verlaufen und die Verstellung der Flügel über ein die Flügelkinematik bildendes Gestänge mittels einem zentralen Steuerknüppel bewirkbar ist. Ein solcher Zykloidalpropeller ist beschrieben im Voith-Sonderdruck 1803 "Die Konstruktion der heutigen Voith-Schneider-Propeller" (Sonderdruck aus Voith Forschung und Konstruktion, Heft 18, Aufsatz 3, Mai 67). Eine ähnliche Beschreibung findet sich im Voith-Sonderdruck 9.94 2000. Ferner findet sich eine Beschreibung eines solchen Zykloidalpropellers in der Deutschen Auslegeschrift DE-AS 21 41 569.The invention relates to a cycloidal propeller with held in the stator Rotor body pivoted, transverse to the direction of advance extending wings (1), the rotor axis of rotation and the Wing pivot axes run parallel to each other and the adjustment of the Wing over a linkage forming the wing kinematics by means of a central joystick can be effected. Such a cycloidal propeller is described in the Voith special print 1803 "The construction of today's Voith-Schneider propellers" (Special print from Voith research and construction, Issue 18, Article 3, May 67). A similar description can be found in the Voith special edition 9.94 2000. There is also a description of one Cycloidal propellers in the German layout specification DE-AS 21 41 569.

In der erstgenannten Literaturstelle finden sich ein Querschnitt eines solchen Propellers in Bild 5 (auf Seite 3.6) sowie prinzipielle Darstellungen der Flügelantriebs-Kinematiken in den Bildern 6 bis 9, wobei Bild 9 die sogenannte Schubkurbel-Kinematik beschreibt. Diese Kinematik ist insbesondere in den am Steuerknüppel des Propellers gelegenen Teilen konstruktiv relativ schwierig aufgebaut, und man kann einen besseren Einblick durch die fotografische Darstellung im zweitgenannten Sonderdruck erhalten. Auf die räumliche Darstellung bezüglich dieses Teils wird in dieser Anmeldung daher verzichtet.A cross-section of such is found in the first-mentioned literature reference Propellers in Figure 5 (on page 3.6) and basic representations of the Wing drive kinematics in Figures 6 to 9, with Figure 9 the describes so-called thrust crank kinematics. This kinematics is especially in the parts located on the joystick of the propeller constructively constructed relatively difficult, and you can get a better insight obtained through the photographic representation in the second special edition mentioned. The spatial representation of this part is discussed in this application therefore waived.

Weitere Einzelheiten eines solchen Zykloidalpropellers sind der Zeitschrift: HANSA, Nr. 10/1966, Seiten 807-815 zu entnehmen.Further details of such a cycloidal propeller are in the magazine: HANSA, No. 10/1966, pages 807-815.

In den genannten Sonderdrucken wird auch ausführlich auf die Bewegungsvorgänge bei den Zykloidalpropellern eingegangen. The special editions mentioned also detail the Movement processes in the cycloidal propellers received.

Auch die US-A-2 532 235 beschreibt eine Steuervorrichtung für einen Zykloidalpropeller, mit der es möglich ist, sowohl die Schubrichtung als auch die Steigung des Propellers einzustellen. Die Kinematik des Zykloidalpropellers besteht dabei im wesentlichen aus verzahnten Elementen. US-A-2 532 235 also describes a control device for one Cycloidal propeller, with which it is possible to both the direction of thrust also adjust the pitch of the propeller. The kinematics of the Cycloidal propellers consist essentially of toothed Elements.

Es besteht nun der Nachteil bei der Schubkurbel-Kinematik, daß nur Steigungen (bezogen auf den jeweiligen Flügel) bis maximal λo = 0,8 möglich sind. Für höhere Steigungen fehlt der Freigang zwischen der Kuppelstange und dem Flügelschaft, und es müßte außerdem mit sehr hohen Gestängekräften gerechnet werden. Es ist allerdings wünschenswert, daß höhere Steigungen erzielbar sind, um höhere Vortriebskräfte des Propellers zu erzeugen. Hier greift die Erfindung gemäß den Patentansprüchen ein.There is now the disadvantage of the thrust crank kinematics that only Gradients (based on the respective wing) possible up to a maximum of λo = 0.8 are. The clearance between the coupling rod is missing for higher gradients and the wing shaft, and it should also be very high Linkage forces can be expected. However, it is desirable that higher gradients can be achieved in order to achieve higher propulsion forces of the propeller produce. Here, the invention intervenes according to the claims.

Es ist klar, daß nicht alle möglichen Getriebe in diesem Falle günstig sind, weil es auf eine sehr genaue Einstellung (Verschwenkung) der einzelnen Flügel sowie auf eine hohe Betriebssicherheit und Betriebsdauer ankommt. Daher empfiehlt sich ein Zahnradgetriebe.It is clear that not all possible transmissions are cheap in this case, because it is on a very precise adjustment (pivoting) of the individual Wing as well as high operational reliability and service life. A gear transmission is therefore recommended.

In der Zeitschrift MARINE PROPULSION, 1991, Seite 38, ist ein Zykloidalpropelpropeller beschrieben, bei welchem der Antrieb der Flügel sowohl hinsichtlich ihrer Drehbewegung als auch hinsichtlich ihrer Schwenkbewegung, also der Bewegung um ihre eigene Achse, mittels einem Planetengetriebe vorgenommen wird.In the magazine MARINE PROPULSION, 1991, page 38, is a Cycloidal propeller described in which the drive of the wing both in terms of their rotational movement and in terms of their Swiveling movement, i.e. the movement around its own axis, by means of a Planetary gear is made.

Eine ähnliche Anordnung ist bekannt aus US 3 134 443. In dieser US-Patentschrift wird auch der Antrieb mittels einem Planetengetriebe in den Einzelheiten genau beschrieben. Hierbei wird klargestellt, daß pro Umdrehung des die Propellerflügel tragenden Gehäuses eine halbe Umdrehung der einzelnen Flügel um ihre Achse stattfindet. Ein solcher Antrieb hat wegen der starken Stellungsänderung der Flügel einen relativ geringen Wirkungsgrad und ist auch nicht sehr gut geeignet, um gleichzeitig Steuerungszwecke eines Schiffes zu erfüllen. Daher kommen für die Schiffsantriebe im Grunde genommen nur die Gestänge-Kinematiken als Antrieb für die Propellerflügel in Frage. A similar arrangement is known from US 3 134 443. In this US patent is also the drive by means of a planetary gear in the Details described in detail. It is made clear that per revolution of the housing carrying the propeller blades half a turn of the single wing takes place around its axis. Such a drive has because of strong change in position of the wings a relatively low efficiency and is also not very well suited for simultaneously controlling purposes Ship. Therefore, basically come for the ship propulsion taken only the linkage kinematics as the drive for the propeller blades in Question.

Gemäß der DE-36 06 549 wird ein Zykloidalpropeller mit Getriebeantrieb der Flügelbewegung beschrieben, bei welchem mehrteilige Flügel verwendet werden. Hierbei wird auch u.a. auch ein Zahnradsegment als Antrieb eines Flügelteils verwendet.According to DE-36 06 549 a cycloidal propeller with a gear drive is Wing movement described, in which multi-part wing is used become. Here, among other things also a gear segment as a drive Wing part used.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Figuren der Zeichnung erläutert. Dabei stellt

Fig. 1
eine prinzipielle Darstellung der Getriebe-Flügelkinematik,
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch einen Ausschnitt des Rotorkörpers und
Fig. 3
einen Axialschnitt durch den Rotorkörper in seinem radialen Außenbereich
dar.The invention is explained below with reference to the figures of the drawing. It poses
Fig. 1
a basic representation of the gear wing kinematics,
Fig. 2
a cross section through a section of the rotor body and
Fig. 3
an axial section through the rotor body in its radial outer region
represents.

Aus Fig. 1 erkennt man die Anordnung der Flügelkinematik, die bis auf den radial äußeren Teil im wesentlichen der sogenannten Schubkurbel-Kinematik mit jeweils der Koppel 5, der Kuppelstange 4 und der Schwinge 6 entspricht. Der Zentralpunkt der Darstellung entspricht praktisch der zentralen Längsachse des Steuerknüppels 10 in der Null-Lage (siehe Fig. 2). Das am jeweiligen Flügel 1 direkt angreifende Getriebeelement (Zahnrad oder Zahnradsegment 2) umfaßt hier den Flügelschaft 12. In die Zähne des Zahnrades 2 greifen die Zähne eines Antriebs-Zahnsegments 3 ein, das bei 30 gelenkig gelagert ist und an seinem Hebel 29 mit der Kuppelstange 4 gelenkig verbunden ist. Die entsprechende konstruktive Darstellung ergibt sich aus Fig. 2 und man erkennt hieraus auch, daß der wirksame Momentenarm des Zahnradsegments 3 im wesentlichen dem bisherigen Flügelantriebshebel der Schubkurbel-Kinematik entspricht. Man erkennt aber auch weiter, daß eine wesentlich umfangreichere Verstellung, d.h. eine wesentlich höhere Steigung des einzelnen Flügels, mit dem Getriebe erreichbar ist.From Fig. 1 you can see the arrangement of the wing kinematics, except for the radially outer part essentially of the so-called thrust crank kinematics each with the coupling 5, the coupling rod 4 and the rocker 6 corresponds. The central point of the representation practically corresponds to the central one Longitudinal axis of the control stick 10 in the zero position (see Fig. 2). The most each wing 1 directly attacking gear element (gear or Gear segment 2) here includes the wing shaft 12. In the teeth of the Gear 2 engage the teeth of a drive tooth segment 3, which at 30 is articulated and on its lever 29 with the coupling rod 4th is articulated. The corresponding constructive representation results itself from Fig. 2 and it can also be seen from this that the effective Torque arm of the gear segment 3 essentially the previous one Wing drive lever corresponds to the thrust crank kinematics. But you can see also further that a much more extensive adjustment, i.e. a much higher pitch of the single wing with the gear is achievable.

Gemäß Fig. 2 ist kein vollständiges Zahnrad, sondern nur ein Zahnradsegment 2 am Flügelschaft 12 mittels Spannschrauben 23 befestigt. Dies entspricht auch im wesentlichen der bisherigen Befestigung des Flügel-Antriebshebels der sogenannten Schubkurbel-Kinematik. Man kann jetzt davon sprechen, daß eine Getriebe-Schubkurbel-Kinematik vorliegt.2 is not a complete gear, but only one Gear segment 2 attached to wing shaft 12 by means of clamping screws 23. This corresponds essentially to the previous attachment of the wing drive lever the so-called thrust crank kinematics. You can now speak of the fact that there is a gear-thrust kinematics.

Aus Fig. 3 erkennt man weitere Einzelheiten der Lagerung der einzelnen Antriebsteile der Kinematik sowie des Flügelschaftes 12. Dessen zentrale Längsachse 21 entspricht praktisch der Schwenkachse der Flügel 1. Der Flügelschaft ist noch oben in einem Deckel 17 des Rotorkörpers mit entsprechend aus der Figur erkennbaren Lagern drehbar gehalten. Die Kuppelstange 4 ist am Antriebszahnsegment 3 mittels einem Bolzen 19 und über ein Lagerauge 24 mit entsprechenden Lagern 14 schwenkbar gelagert. Grundsätzlich weist der Rotorkörper eine obere Platte 13, eine untere Platte 15 und eine radial äußere, umlaufende Ringwand 16 auf.From Fig. 3 you can see further details of the storage of each Drive parts of the kinematics and the wing shaft 12. Its central Longitudinal axis 21 practically corresponds to the pivot axis of the wing 1. Der Wing shaft is still in a cover 17 of the rotor body according to the figure recognizable bearings rotatably held. The Coupling rod 4 is on the drive tooth segment 3 by means of a bolt 19 and via a bearing eye 24 with corresponding bearings 14 pivotally mounted. Basically, the rotor body has an upper plate 13, a lower plate 15 and a radially outer, circumferential annular wall 16.

Aus Fig. 2 erkennt man noch die zwischen diesen Platten und Ringwand verlaufenden zur Versteifung dienenen Rippen und sonstige Stützelemente des Rotorkörpers.From Fig. 2 you can still see the between these plates and ring wall stiffening ribs and other support elements of the rotor body.

Grundsätzlich ist noch anzumerken, daß die vorgesehene Kombination von Gestänge und Zahnradgetriebe auch bei anderen, in der genannten Literatur beschriebenen Kinematiken anwendbar ist, so z. B. bei der Gleitlenker- oder Winkellenker-Kinematik. Ferner ist es im allgemeinen so, daß die wirksame Länge der Schwinge 6 im wesentlichen gleich der Distanz zwischen deren Ankoppelpunkt 33 an der Koppel 5 (Zapfen 9 in Fig. 2) bis zur Zentralachse des Propellers ist. Dies erkennt man eher aus Fig. 1 als aus Fig. 2, weil dort der jeweilige Lagerbereich der Schwinge 6 an der entsprechenden Rotorplatte jeweils von der nächstfolgenden oder vorangehenden Koppel 5 überdeckt ist. In Fig. 2 erkennt man nur einen Teilbereich der unteren Platte der im wesentlichen mit zwei durch einen Zapfen 31 miteinander verbundenen, im wesentlichen spiegelsymmetrisch zueinander ausgebildeten Platten der Schwinge 6 der Schubkurbel-Kinematik.Basically, it should also be noted that the proposed combination of Linkage and gear transmission also in other, in the literature mentioned kinematics described is applicable, such. B. in the sliding arm or Angle steering kinematics. Furthermore, it is generally the case that the effective Length of the rocker 6 is substantially equal to the distance between them Coupling point 33 on the coupling 5 (pin 9 in Fig. 2) to the central axis of the propeller. This can be seen more from FIG. 1 than from FIG. 2 because there the respective bearing area of the rocker 6 on the corresponding rotor plate is each covered by the next or previous paddock 5. In Fig. 2 you can see only a portion of the lower plate in the essentially with two connected by a pin 31, in essentially mirror-symmetrical plates of the Swing arm 6 of the sliding crank kinematics.

Claims (4)

  1. Cycloidal propeller with blades (1) which are pivotally mounted on rotor bodies held rotatably in the stator and extend transversely to the propulsion direction, the axis of rotation of the rotor and the pivot axes of the blades extending in a parallel relationship and the blades (1) being adapted for adjustment by means of a central joystick (10) via a rod linkage (4, 5, 6) forming the blade kinematics, characterised in that its indirect drive unit acting substantially directly on the blade (1) via the blade shaft (12) thereof is a gear mechanism (2, 3) which may be driven by the rod linkage (4, 5, 6) of the blade drive kinematics and is designed with a step-up ratio in order to increase the pitch (λo) beyond 0.8, preferably to 1.0.
  2. Cycloidal propeller according to claim 1, characterised in that the blade drive kinematics are constructed on the rod linkage of the thrust crank kinematics in which guide rods (5) provided for the blades are each mounted movably concentrically on the spherical bush of the joystick (10) and a respective coupling rod (4) is articulated at the free end thereof, the coupling rod (4) being articulated to the gear drive member (3) at its other end.
  3. Cycloidal propeller according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the gear mechanism is formed by a driving toothed segment (3) and a gear wheel or gear wheel segment (4), the latter being fastened to the respective blade shaft (12).
  4. Cycloidal propeller according to claim 3, characterised in that the gear wheel or gear wheel segment (4) has a central round recess through which the blade shaft (12) penetrates.
EP19960120876 1996-01-20 1996-12-24 Cycloidal propeller, especially for ship propulsion Expired - Lifetime EP0785129B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996102043 DE19602043C1 (en) 1996-01-20 1996-01-20 Cycloidal propeller for ship drive
DE19602043 1996-01-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0785129A1 EP0785129A1 (en) 1997-07-23
EP0785129B1 true EP0785129B1 (en) 2002-03-27

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DE (1) DE19602043C1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19637786C1 (en) * 1996-09-17 1998-02-26 Voith Hydro Gmbh Schiffstechni Cycloidal propeller
DE19637833C1 (en) 1996-09-17 1998-02-05 Voith Hydro Gmbh Schiffstechni Cycloidal propeller
DE19850954C1 (en) * 1998-11-05 2000-02-03 Voith Hydro Gmbh & Co Kg Cycloidal propeller for marine vessel
CN103723259B (en) * 2013-12-31 2016-04-06 浙江大学 Blade oscillating mechanism and comprise the cycloid thruster for boats and ships of this mechanism
CN108454827A (en) * 2018-02-09 2018-08-28 西北工业大学 A kind of compact cycloidal oar blade control mechanism
CN109278964B (en) * 2018-09-19 2020-07-28 金立新 Flat pitch control paddle
CN113086149B (en) * 2021-05-13 2022-12-16 飞马滨(青岛)智能科技有限公司 Multi-link mechanism based on VSP cycloidal propeller

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2532235A (en) * 1947-06-16 1950-11-28 Kurt F J Kirsten Cycloidal propeller control mechanism
US3134443A (en) * 1962-04-02 1964-05-26 Hal J Snow Drive and mounting for cycloidal propeller
DE2141569C3 (en) * 1971-08-19 1974-07-04 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Control of a swivel blade propeller
DE3606549A1 (en) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-03 Klaus David Method and device for producing (generating) a movement and for energy conversion
US5462406A (en) * 1993-08-19 1995-10-31 Vitron Systems Inc. Cyclodial propulsion system

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Publication number Publication date
DE19602043C1 (en) 1997-03-27
EP0785129A1 (en) 1997-07-23

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