EP0777470A1 - Utilisation d'agent augmentant l'absorption paracellulaire tel que la glucose pour ameliorer l'absorption d'antagonistes histaminiques-h2 - Google Patents

Utilisation d'agent augmentant l'absorption paracellulaire tel que la glucose pour ameliorer l'absorption d'antagonistes histaminiques-h2

Info

Publication number
EP0777470A1
EP0777470A1 EP95932713A EP95932713A EP0777470A1 EP 0777470 A1 EP0777470 A1 EP 0777470A1 EP 95932713 A EP95932713 A EP 95932713A EP 95932713 A EP95932713 A EP 95932713A EP 0777470 A1 EP0777470 A1 EP 0777470A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
absorption
histamine
paracellular
ranitidine
glucose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95932713A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alan Bye
Jill Evans
Paul Derrick Huckle
Laurence Francis Lacey
Peter John Rue
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Glaxo Group Ltd
Original Assignee
Glaxo Group Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Glaxo Group Ltd filed Critical Glaxo Group Ltd
Publication of EP0777470A1 publication Critical patent/EP0777470A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
    • A61K9/2018—Sugars, or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose, mannitol; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/34—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide
    • A61K31/341—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide not condensed with another ring, e.g. ranitidine, furosemide, bufetolol, muscarine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for improving the absorption of drug substances, especially histamine H 2 -receptor antagonists, such as ranitidine, following oral administration.
  • Histamine H 2 -receptor antagonists are preferably administered orally and, following oral administration, are absorbed paracellularly (i.e. through the tight junctions between cells of the intestinal mucosa). Although histamine H 2 - receptor antagonists are sufficiently well-absorbed following oral administration to effect treatment, enhancement of drug absorption would be advantageous since this would enable lower doses to be effective (enhanced extent of absorption) and would provide more rapid relief from symptoms (enhanced rate of absorption).
  • Nellans Nallans (Nellans, H.N., Adv. Drug Delivery. 1991 ; 7:339-364) suggested that manipulation of the paracellular pathway could be used to enhance the oral delivery of small peptides and peptidomimetics.
  • nutrients such as glucose on intestinal absorption are conflicting and inconclusive.
  • Some in vitro models have suggested that glucose may enhance paracellular absorption.
  • Nellans failed to observe any positive effect on absorption using lumenal glucose in vivo suggesting that positive in vitro results may be offset in vivo by secretory water flow such that little or no increase in absorption is observed.
  • studies in intact rats with zidovudine suggest that D-glucose may have a positive effect on paracellular absorption of zidovudine.
  • the present invention provides, in one aspect, the use of one or more paracellular absorption enhancers to significantly enhance the absorption of an orally administered drug substance, especially a histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist, such as ranitidine, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof.
  • a histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist such as ranitidine
  • the invention provides the use of a histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more paracellular absorption enhancers in the manufacture of medicaments for simultaneous, separate or sequential use in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, characterised in that the paracellular absorption enhancer(s) significantly enhances the absorption of the histamine H 2 -antagonist.
  • the invention provides the use of an orally administerable pharmaceutical composition comprising a histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more paracellular absorption enhancers for the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, characterised in that the paracellular absorption enhancer(s) significantly enhances the absorption of the histamine H 2 - antagonist.
  • the invention provides a method of treatment of gastrointestinal disorders comprising orally administering to a sufferer an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a histamine H 2 - receptor antagonist, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof and one or more paracellular absorption enhancers, wherein the paracellular absorption enhancer significantly enhances the absorption of the histamine H 2 -antagonist.
  • paracellular absorption enhancer encompasses any compound which enhances paracellular absorption.
  • the paracellular absorption enhancers are those which occur naturally in nutrients.
  • Paracellular absorption enhancers include carbohydrates such as monosaccharides, e.g. glucose, galactose, mannose, 3-0-methyl glucose, xylose, ribose, arabinose, ribulose, fructose and sorbose.
  • the monosaccharides may be employed in either their D- or L- forms. Where the monosaccharide is naturally occuring, the naturally occuring form is preferred.
  • Preferred paracellular absorption enhancers include glucose, e.g. D-glucose.
  • a further preferred group of paracellular absorption enhancers includes galactose, e.g. D-galactose, mannose, e.g. D-mannose, 3-0-methyl glucose, e.g 3-0-methyl D-glucose, xylose, e.g. D-xylose.
  • paracellular absorption enhancer(s) employed in the instant invention will be of the reversible type i.e. one whose absorption enhancement effect rapidly diminishes when it is no longer present at the site of action. All of the paracellular absorption enhancers specifically mentioned above are of the reversible type.
  • the paracellular absorption enhancers may be used alone or in combination.
  • gastrointestinal disorders encompasses a disease or other disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, including for example " acid indigestion, overindulgence of food or drink, acid stomach, sour stomach, waterbrash/regurgitation, heartburn, such as episodic heartburn, nocturnal heartburn and meal-induced heartburn, gastritis and dyspepsia, duodenal and gastric ulceration, reflux oesophagitk and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
  • Histamine H 2 -receptor antagonists which may be used in the instant invention include ranitidine, cimetidine, famotidine and nizatidine, and physiologically acceptable salts thereof.
  • a preferred histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist for use in the instant invention is ranitidine and physiologically acceptable salts thereof.
  • physiologically acceptable salts include salts formed with inorganic or organic acids such as the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulphate, acetate, maleate, succinate, citrate, tartrate, fumarate and ascorbate salts.
  • a particularly preferred salt of ranitidine is the hydrochloride.
  • ranitidine salts for use in the instant invention are those formed between ranitidine and a complex of bismuth with a carboxylic acid, particularly tartaric acid and, more especially, citric acid.
  • a preferred salt of this class is ranitidine bismuth citrate.
  • paracellular absorption enhancers enhance absorption of the histamine H 2 -receptor antagonists following dissociation from their salts.
  • paracellular absorption enhancers have been found to significantly enhance the absorption of drug substances following oral administration. Surprisingly, both the extent and rate of absorption are enhanced. In the case of histamine H 2 -antagonists, the extent and rate of absorption are enhanced with the rate of absorption being increased to an unexpected, surprisingly large degree. Thus, in the case of ranitidine, rates of absorption in human volunteers have been increased by more than 80% compared with appropriate controls.
  • the present invention provides a method of significantly enhancing the rate of absorption of a histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, by simultaneous, separate or sequential administration of the histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist with one or more paracellular absorption enhancers.
  • the drug substance e.g. the histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist, and one or more paracellular absorption enhancers may be co-administered in the form of separate pharmaceutical compositions for simultaneous and/or sequential use.
  • the drug substance e.g. the histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist, and paracellular absorption enhancer(s) are administered as a single pharmaceutical composition for oral use comprising effective amounts of the active ingredients.
  • the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for oral use comprising a histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more paracellular absorption enhancers.
  • compositions according to the instant invention are effervescent tablets or granules, dispersible tablets and liquid syrups or suspensions. Effervescent tablets or granules are particularly preferred.
  • the paracellular absorption enhancer is preferably galactose, mannose, 3-0-methyl glucose, xylose, ribose, arabinose, ribulose, fructose or sorbose.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions may take the form of, for example, tablets or capsules prepared by conventional means with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as binding agents (e.g. pregelatinised maize starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose); fillers (e.g. lactose, microcrystalline cellulose or calcium hydrogen phosphate); lubricants (e.g. magnesium stearate, talc or silica); disintegrants (e.g. potato starch or sodium starch glycollate); or wetting agents (e.g. sodium lauryl sulphate).
  • binding agents e.g. pregelatinised maize starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
  • fillers e.g. lactose, microcrystalline cellulose or calcium hydrogen phosphate
  • lubricants e.g. magnesium stearate, talc or silica
  • disintegrants e.g. potato starch or sodium starch glycollate
  • Liquid preparations for oral administration may take the form of, for example, solutions, syrups or suspensions, or they may be presented as a dry product for constitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use.
  • Such liquid preparations may be prepared by conventional means with pharmaceutically acceptable additives such as suspending agents (e.g. sorbitol syrup, cellulose derivatives or hydrogenated edible fats); emulsifying agents (e.g. lecithin or acacia); non-aqueous vehicles (e.g. almond oil, oily esters, ethyl alcohol or fractionated vegetable oils); and preservatives (e.g. methyl or propyl- ⁇ -hydroxybenzoates or sorbic acid).
  • the preparations may also contain buffer salts, flavouring, colouring and sweetening agents as appropriate.
  • Suitable methods of formulation are known in the art and include those methods described in UK Patent Specification Nos 2198352 (liquid preparations), 2219940 (effervescent tablets), 2218333 (ranitidine resinate), 2218336 (film- coated tablets), 2229094 (gelatin capsules), 2262445 (pulsed-release formulation), European Patent Specification Nos 349103, 459695, 473431 , 523847 and 538034 (chewable tablets), 542364 (controlled-release formulations), International Patent Specification Nos W092/21328 (chewable compositions), WO94/08560 (chewable tablets), W094/05260 (aqueous compositions), WO94/08576 (lipid-coated granules), Canadian Patent Specification No.
  • the histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist and paracellular absorption enhancer(s) may, if desired, be administered in combination with one or more other therapeutic agents and formulated for administration by any convenient route in a conventional manner. Appropriate doses will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
  • the histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist and paracellular absorption enhancer(s) may be administered in combination with an antacid, such as calcium carbonate, an analgesic, an antiflatulent, a glucopryanoside, an alginate, a gastrointestinal motility agent, or an antihistamine, or a combination of these.
  • suitable combination formulations are described in International Patent Specification ' Nos W092/00102, W093/12779 and W093/21932 (combination with antacids), W094/07541 (combination with (s)-ibuprofen salt), WO95/01784 (combination with glucopyranoside), WO95/01792 (combination with antihistamine), WO/01795 (combination with alginate), WO95/01803 (combination with gastrointestinal motility agent), European Patent Specification Nos 426479 (combination with analgesics) and 571217 (combination with antiflatulent) and UK Patent Specification Nos 2105193 (combination with NSAID's) and 2222772 (combination with alginate) which patent specifications are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the paracellular absorption enhancer(s) may be incorporated into the above-mentioned formulations according to conventional procedures. It will be appreciated that the
  • the ratio of drug substance, e.g. histamine H 2 -antagonist, to paracellular absorption enhancer(s) used in the method or compositions according to the invention is in the range of 1 :1 to 1 JOOO (by weight), e.g. 1 :4 to 1 :300, such as 1 :4 to 1 :150, especially 1 :80 or 1 :40 (by weight).
  • the amount of histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist used according to the instant invention is preferably in the range of 10 to 800mg per dosage unit.
  • the amount of ranitidine in the composition is preferably in the range of 10 to 600mg, more preferably 25 to 300mg, such as 25, 75, 125 or 150mg expressed as the weight of free base.
  • the unit dose (for example contained in one tablet according to the invention) may be administered up to, for example, 12 times a day depending upon the unit dose used, the nature and severity of the conditions being treated, and the age and weight of the patient.
  • Chewable tablets may be prepared using the conventional stages of mixing, granulation, drying, blending, compression and packing.
  • Suitable swallow tablet cores may be prepared in a conventional manner, for example in a similar manner to that described in British Patent Specification No. 2084580 which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the required quantities of ranitidine or its salt, the paracellular absorption enhancer(s), a lubricant, such as magnesium stearate and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable disintegrant, such as croscarmellose sodium are mixed and compressed into tablet cores.
  • Swallow tablets are conventionally film-coated according to conventional procedures either by aqueous or organic techniques.
  • a preferred film coat is described in British Patent specification No. 2218336 which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • Effervescent formulations may be prepared in a conventional manner, for example in a similar manner to that described in UK patent specification no. 2219940 which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • ranitidine or its salt, monoalkali metal citrate, and alkaline carbonate or bicarbonate may, for example, be blended with the paracellular absorption enhancer(s) and suitable excipients and, if desired, granulated. If the manufacturing process includes granulation, this should precede the addition of any flavouring agent(s). Any sweetening agents may be added either before or after granulation.
  • Tablets may be prepared, for example, by compression of the powder blend or granulate, using a lubricant as an aid to tableting.
  • Opaspray white K-1-7000 is a suspension of titanium dioxide and hydroxypropyl cellulose in industrial methylated spirits.
  • Opadry Yellow Y S-1 -12606 is a mixture of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910, titanium dioxide, triacetin and iron oxide yellow. Both Opaspray and Opadry are the tradenames of Colorcon Inc., West Point, Philadelphia, USA.
  • the exemplified paracellular absorption enhancer may be replaced by any of the suitable paracellular or absorption enhancers described herein.
  • D-glucose may be replaced by D- galactose, mannose, 3-0-methyl glucose or xylose.
  • the amount of film coat applied per tablet may be less than that stated, depending on the efficiency of the process.

Abstract

On décrit un procédé et des compositions pharmaceutiques destinés à améliorer l'absorption de substances médicamenteuses, notamment les antagonistes du récepteur H2 de l'histamine, tel que la ranitidine, après l'administration orale de ces substances.
EP95932713A 1994-09-14 1995-09-12 Utilisation d'agent augmentant l'absorption paracellulaire tel que la glucose pour ameliorer l'absorption d'antagonistes histaminiques-h2 Withdrawn EP0777470A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9418530A GB9418530D0 (en) 1994-09-14 1994-09-14 Medicaments
GB9418530 1994-09-14
PCT/EP1995/003572 WO1996008238A1 (fr) 1994-09-14 1995-09-12 Utilisation d'agents d'accroissement paracellulaires tels que le glucose pour accroitre l'absorption d'antagonistes du recepteur h2 de l'histamine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0777470A1 true EP0777470A1 (fr) 1997-06-11

Family

ID=10761317

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95932713A Withdrawn EP0777470A1 (fr) 1994-09-14 1995-09-12 Utilisation d'agent augmentant l'absorption paracellulaire tel que la glucose pour ameliorer l'absorption d'antagonistes histaminiques-h2

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0777470A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH10511637A (fr)
AU (1) AU3565695A (fr)
GB (1) GB9418530D0 (fr)
IL (1) IL115254A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996008238A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA957628B (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9605293D0 (en) * 1996-03-13 1996-05-15 Glaxo Group Ltd Medicaments
AP2002002410A0 (en) * 1999-08-04 2002-03-31 Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd Hydrodynamically Balancing Oral Drug Delivery System
JP4664071B2 (ja) 2002-08-01 2011-04-06 エーザイ コーポレーション オブ ノース アメリカ グルタミンによるガンの改良治療
AU2007216671B2 (en) * 2007-07-09 2009-07-16 Cypress Pharmaceutical, Inc. Pleasant-tasting ranitidine formulation
CN110251523A (zh) * 2019-05-30 2019-09-20 吉林农业大学 一种以葡萄糖醛酸为增效剂的能够强化注意力且缓解神经衰弱的制剂

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5219563A (en) * 1988-05-11 1993-06-15 Glaxo Group Limited Drug adsorbates
AU8546591A (en) * 1990-09-13 1992-04-15 Smithkline Beecham Corporation Non-aqueous liquid oral suspensions
GB9221414D0 (en) * 1992-10-13 1992-11-25 Glaxo Group Ltd Pharmaceutical compositions

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9608238A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA957628B (en) 1996-06-12
GB9418530D0 (en) 1994-11-02
WO1996008238A1 (fr) 1996-03-21
AU3565695A (en) 1996-03-29
JPH10511637A (ja) 1998-11-10
IL115254A0 (en) 1995-12-31

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